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Objective To summarize the clinical characteristics of adenovirus（ADV） pneumonia in children. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the general data, symptoms, signs, auxiliary examination, treatment and prognosis of 1046 children with ADV pneumonia hospitalized in Jiangxi Children‘s Hospital from 2010 to 2019. They were divided into severe ADV pneumonia group（n=705,67.4%） and non-serious ADV pneumonia group（n=341,32.6%） according to the severity of the disease. The above clinical data were compared between two groups. Results The ratio of male to female was 1.5 to 1. The children aged 6 months to 2 years accounted for 47.2% . There were 189 cases（18.1%） with underlying diseases, 1024 cases（97.9%） with fever, 883 cases（84.4%） with fever peak of more than 39℃,747（71.4%） cases with heat duration of more than 7 days, 846（80.9%） cases with cough and 784（75.0%） cases with asthma. Moist rale was audible in 930 cases（88.9%）, and wheezing was audible in 795 cases（76.0%）. There were 550 cases（52.6%） with white blood cell counts(WBC) of more than 12×109/L, 435 cases（41.6% ） with C-reaction protein(CRP) concentration of more than 20mg/L and 348 cases（49.0%） with procalcitonin level more than 0.5ng/mL among 710 children receiving serum procalcitonin test. Chest X-ray showed pulmonary consolidation in most patients. Bronchoscopy findings suggested endobronchial inflammation in 218 cases（98.6%） among 221 children undergoing bronchoscopy. The hormone therapy was given in 542 cases（51.8%）, 662 cases（63.3% ） received immunoglobulin therapy, and 486 cases（46.5%） received mechanical ventilation. The cure and improvement rate was 92.1%, the sequelae occurred in 156 cases（14.9%）, and 149 cases（14.2%） had bronchiolitis obliterans. In severe ADV pneumonia group, the proportion of patients of male, from rural area, with hospital acquired infection and fever and the levels of CRP and alanine aminotransferase(ALT) were significantly higher than those in non-severe group（P

To evaluate the quality consistency of tobacco flavors, a full-time multi-wavelength synthetic HPLC fingerprint analysis method was established by combining five wavelengths (240, 254, 278, 330, and 360 nm) simultaneous detection with chromatographic peak screening at each wavelength. Through comparison with four different methods, including the angle cosine method, an algorithm suitable for evaluating the similarity of tobacco flavor fingerprints was obtained and discussed, and the similarity thresholds for determining the quality consistency of 31 tobacco flavors were determined based on sensory evaluation. The results showed that: 1) The full-time multi-wavelength synthetic fingerprints could fully reflect the intrinsic quality information of tobacco flavors. 2) The modified Nei coefficient algorithm was more suitable for evaluating the similarity of tobacco flavors. 3) The determined similarity thresholds could be used to separately evaluate the quality consistency of 31 tobacco flavors. In conclusion, this method was accurate and could be used for quality control of tobacco flavors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objevtive: To study the effect of spvB/spvC gene on Salmonella virulence and the Host immune., Methods: STM.211, STM.211-Delta;spvB, STM.211-Delta;spvC, STM.211-Delta;spvB.spvC and PBS were infected with 0.2 mL 10(5) CFU corresponding strain respectively by intraperitoneal. We observed the mental status, movement, diarrhea, weight, pelage changed hair of the infected mouse. Then the level of IL-10, IL-12, IFN-γ were detected by ELISA. Finally, we observe the pathological changes of liver and spleen with the general view and the microscope., Results: Infection symptoms of STM.211, STM.211-Delta;spvB and STM.211-Delta;spvC were significantly worse than PBS group, but there was no significant difference between STM.211-spvB.spvC group and PBS group. The secretion of IFN-γ and IL-12 of STM.211, STM.211-Delta;spvB, STM.211-Delta;spvC group were significantly lower than those in the STM.211-Delta;spvB.spvC group (P<0.05), but IL-10 secretion was significantly higher than STM.211-Delta;spvB.spvC group (P<0.05). There were no statistical significance among the STM.211, STM.211-Delta;SpvB, STM.211-Delta;spvC groups (P>0.05)., Conclusions: Salmonella virulence can be affected obviously by spvB combined with spvC gene, but not by spvB or spvC. spvB/spvC gene can inhibit the TH1 cytokines (IFN-γ and IL-12) secretion but promote the TH2 cytokines (IL-10) expression, leading immune response trend to TH2 shift. It shows that spvB/spvC gene can help the bacteria evade the host immune defenses, leading to aggravation of infection.

Viperin is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated protein that has been identified as an innate antiviral protein. Viperin expression can be largely upregulated by viruses, interferons, and oligonucleotides such as poly I:C and lipopolysaccharides. Viperin inhibits viral replication by interactiing with host cell proteins and several viral proteins, and disrupting the cell membrane system. It shows a broad-spectrum of antiviral activity. Some viruses have developed activities that counteract the action of viperin during a long- term period of evolution with hosts by impairing viperin expression. In addition to its antiviral effects, viperin has several other biological functions. This article review the basic characteristics of viperin and the state of current research into its antiviral effects, demonstrating the rapid progress that has been made in this field.