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Pancreatic regenerating (REG) protein belongs to the calcium-dependent lectin superfamily, and is encoded by regenerating gene. As secreted growth factors with multiple functions, REG protein family plays a regulatory role in nutrient metabolism, anti-apoptosis, anti-fibrosis, anti-inflammation and antibacterial. Since 1979, REG protein family has been found to be associated with various diseases, such as diabetes, inflammation and cancer. Several subtypes of REG proteins are involved in different pathogenesis of diabetes. The purpose of this study is to review the origin, structural characteristics, distribution patterns of REG protein family and its pathogenesis and therapeutic regulation in different types of diabetes, and to explore the potential application value of REG protein family in the early warning，diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of diabetes, with a view to its wider application in the fields of therapeutic targets and biomarkers in the future.

Background Discharge preparation can help patients smoothly transition from one health care environment to another. In the medical institutions of foreign countries, discharge preparation is one of the main responsibilities of medical social workers. However, in China, there is currently relatively little involvement of social workers in discharge preparation. Objective To understand the intervention space and realistic challenges faced by medical social workers in the field of discharge preparation, and provide reference basis for improving social work in discharge preparation. Methods Using purposive sampling method from March to June 2023, based on a multidisciplinary perspective, adopt the qualitative interview method to conduct in-depth interviews with 20 medical personnel (including doctors, nurses, medical social workers, and medical management personnel). The interview data is organized and analyzed using Nvivo 12.0 software and the Colaizzi seven step analysis method. Results Medical social workers mainly carry out psychological and social assessments, develop professional service plans, provide social work interventions, and conduct follow-up in the field of discharge preparation services. While accumulating some local practical experience, they also face many realistic challenges, including insufficient access to social resources, multiple obstacles to the linkage between hospital and community, the lack of a standardized mechanism, inadequate interdisciplinary collaboration, a shortage of human resources for social workers, the need to improve their comprehensive abilities. Conclusion Promote the development of social work services for discharge preparation in China, by advocating for the construction of the social policy system and mechanism, building a multidisciplinary cooperation platform for hospitals, promoting the comprehensive capacity building of medical social workers.

Robert Burns' ethical thoughts are embodied incisively and vividly in his poems. His ethical identities are reflected in his poems and the figures in his poems become his spokesmen. As a Scot, person in love and farmer, he displayed the Scottish national choice, Scots choice of love, Scottish people's ideal of sticking to their land. The study of Burns' ethical identities and ethical choices reflected in his poems from the perspective of ethical literary criticism can facilitate the international communication of Burns' poems, promote cultural exchange and realize mutual learning between world civilizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To compare the clinical and radiological outcomes of unilateral biportal endoscopic transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (UBE-TLIF) and minimally invasive tubular TLIF (MT-TLIF) in treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases., Methods: A clinical data of 75 patients with lumbar degenerative diseases, who met the selection criteria between August 2019 and August 2020, was retrospectively analyzed, including 35 patients in the UBE- TLIF group and 40 patients in the MT-TLIF group. There was no significant difference in general data such as gender, age, body mass index, disease type and duration, and surgical segment between the two groups ( P >0.05), which was comparable. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, hemoglobin (Hb) before operation and at 1 day after operation, the length of hospital stay, incidence of complications, and visual analogue scale (VAS) score of low back and leg pain, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Short-Form 36 Health Survey Scale (SF-36 scale), intervertebral disc height (IDH), sagittal Cobb angle, lumbar lordosis (LL), and the intervertebral fusion were compared between the two groups., Results: Compared with MT-TLIF group, UBE-TLIF group had significantly longer operation time but less intraoperative blood loss and shorter length of hospital stay ( P <0.05). The Hb levels in both groups decreased at 1 day after operation, but there was no significant difference in the difference before and after operation between the two groups ( P >0.05). All patients were followed up, and the follow-up time was (14.7±2.5) months in the UBE-TLIF group and (15.0±3.4) months in the MT-TLIF group, with no significant difference ( t =0.406, P =0.686). In both groups, the VAS score of low back pain, VAS score of leg pain, SF-36 scale, and ODI after operation significantly improved when compared with those before operation ( P <0.05). There was no significant difference between 1 month after operation and last follow-up ( P >0.05). There was no significant difference in the VAS score of low back pain, VAS score of leg pain, and SF-36 scale between the two groups before and after operation ( P >0.05). At 1 month after operation, the ODI in the UBE-TLIF group was significantly better than that in the MT-TLIF group ( P <0.05). At 1 month after operation, IDH, Cobb angle, and LL in both groups recovered when compared with those before operation ( P <0.05), and were maintained until last follow-up ( P >0.05). There was no significant difference in the IDH, Cobb angle, and LL between the two groups at each time point ( P >0.05). Thirty-three cases (89.2%) in the UBE-TLIF group and 35 cases (87.5%) in the MT-TLIF group achieved fusion, and the difference was not significant ( χ 2 =0.015, P =0.901). In the UBE-TLIF group, 1 case of intraoperative dural tear and 1 case of postoperative epidural hematoma occurred, with an incidence of 5.7%. In the MT-TLIF group, 1 case of intraoperative dural tear, 1 case of postoperative epidural hematoma, and 1 case of superficial infection of the surgical incision occurred, with an incidence of 7.5%. There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups ( χ 2 =1.234, P =1.000)., Conclusion: Compared with MT-TLIF, UBE-TILF can achieve similar interbody fusion in the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases, and has the advantages of smaller incision, less bleeding, and shorter length of hospital stay.

Traditional classifiers, such as support vector machine and Bayesian classifier, require data normalization for removing experimental batch effects, which limit their applications at the individual level. In this paper,we aim to build a classifier to distinguish lung cancer and non-cancer lung tissues(pneumonia and normal lung tissues).We identified gene pairs as signatures to build a classifier based on the within-sample relative expression orderings of gene pairs in a particular type of tissues(cancer or non-cancer). Using multiple independent datasets as the training data,including a total of 197 lung cancer cases and 189 non-cancer cases, we identified three gene pairs. Classifying a sample by the majority voting rule, the average accuracy reached 95.34% in the training data. Using multiple independent validation datasets, including a total of 251 lung cancer samples and 141 non-cancer samples without data normalization, the average accuracy was as high as 96.78%. The rank-based signature is robust against experimental batch effects and can be used to diagnose lung cancer using samples measured by different laboratories at the individual level.

Objective: To investigate the genotype-phenotype correlation in patients with Angelman syndrome/Prader-Willi syndrome (AS/PWS) and assess the application value of high-resolution single nucleotide polymorphism microarrays (SNP array) for such diseases., Methods: Twelve AS/PWS patients were diagnosed through SNP array, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and karyotype analysis. Clinical characteristics were analyzed., Results: Deletions ranging from 4.8 Mb to 7.0 Mb on chromosome 15q11.2-13 were detected in 11 patients. Uniparental disomy (UPD) was detected in only 1 patient. Patients with deletions could be divided into 2 groups, including 7 cases with class I and 4 with class II. The two groups however had no significant phenotypic difference. The UPD patient had relatively better development and language ability. Deletions of 6 patients were confirmed by FISH to be of de novo in origin. The risk to their sibs was determined to be less than 1%., Conclusion: The phenotypic differences between AS/PWS patients with class I and class II deletion need to be further studied. SNP array is useful in detecting and distinguishing of patients with deletion or UPD. This method may be applied for studying the genotype-phenotype association and the mechanism underlying AS/PWS.