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Objective To investigate the imaging diagnosis and differential diagnosis methods for common tumors in the posterior fossa of children, and to propose a flow chart for the diagnosis of common tumors in the posterior fossa of children based on the limited diffusion of DWI according to the idea of localization diagnosis followed by qualitative diagnosis. Methods A total of 118 pediatric patients with posterior fossa tumors who underwent surgical resection in Huashan Hospital, Fudan University from January 2021 to January 2024 were enrolled, and all of them underwent head CT and MRI examinations, and preoperative localization diagnosis and qualitative diagnosis were carried out accordingly. Then, based on whether DWI was diffusion limited, a flow chart for the diagnosis of common tumors in the posterior fossa of children was proposed. Results A total of 118 children with posterior fossa tumors were localization and qualitatively diagnosed, including 41 cases of fourth ventricular tumors, including medulloblastoma (27 cases), pilocytic astrocytoma (7 cases), ependymoma (5 cases), choroid plexus papilloma (one case), and rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor (RGNT, one case). There were 38 cases of brainstem tumors, including 24 cases of diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27 - altered, 5 cases of pilocytic astrocytoma, 3 cases of cavernous hemangioma, 2 cases of pediatric-type diffuse high-grade glioma (prone to diffuse midline glioma, H3 wild type), 2 cases of ganglio glioma, one case of atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT), and one case of pediatric - type diffuse low - grade glioma. There were 9 cases of cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumors, including 3 cases of pilocytic astrocytoma, 2 cases of cholesteatoma, one case of medulloblastoma, one case of diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27-altered, one case of pilomyxoid astrocytoma, and one case of Ewing sarcoma. There were 30 cases of cerebellar tumors, including 15 cases of pilocytic astrocytoma, 7 cases of medulloblastoma, 2 cases of cavernous hemangioma, one case of ependymoma, one case of pediatric-type diffuse low-grade glioma, one case of pediatric-type diffuse high- grade glioma (prone to diffuse midline glioma, H3 wild type), one case of dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor (DNT), one case of hamartoma, and one case of extrarenal rhabdomyomatoid tumor cerebellar metastases. Localization diagnosis, the accuracy of preoperative CT was 93.22% (110/118), while the accuracy of preoperative MRI was 100% (118/118). Qualitative diagnosis, 74 cases (62.71%) had accurate qualitative diagnosis, 23 cases (19.49%) had general diagnosis, and 21 cases (17.80%) had wrong diagnosis. The imaging differential diagnosis of posterior fossa tumors in children focuses on medulloblastoma, pilocytic astrocytoma, ependymoma, and diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27-altered. The incidence of limited diffusion of DWI in medulloblastoma, pilocytic astrocytoma and ependymoma outside the brainstem was 100% (35/35), 4% (1/25) and 5/6, and the difference among the three tumors was statistically significant (Z = - 5.601, P = 0.000). The incidence of limited diffusion of DWI in diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27- altered and pilocytic astrocytoma in the brainstem was 79.17% (19/24) and 1/5, and the difference between the two tumors was also statistically significant (Fisher's exact possibility: P = 0.038). Conclusions The early diagnosis of posterior fossa tumors in children is difficult, and DWI is an important basis for differential diagnosis.

Massive online open courses (MOOCs) have been extensively researched in reducing user learning blindness and improving user experience, especially personalized course resource recommendation based on graph neural networks. However, these efforts focus primarily on fixed or homogeneous graphs, vulnerable to data sparsity problems, and difficult to scale. This paper uses graph convolution on local subgraphs combined with an extended matrix factorization (MF) model to overcome this limitation. Firstly, the proposed method decomposes the heterogeneous graph into multiple meta-path-based subgraphs and combines random wandering sampling methods to capture complex semantic relationships between entities while sampling nodes’ influential neighborhoods, and performs graph convolution on local neighborhoods to smooth the representation of each node and achieve high scalability. Next, the attention mechanism adaptively fuses the contextual information of different subgraphs for a more comprehensive construction of user preferences. Finally, the model parameters are optimized by expanding MF to obtain recommendation list. To validate the performance of the proposed model, comparative experiments are conducted on publicly available MOOCs datasets, with a 2% performance improvement and a nearly 500% reduction in memory computation requirements compared with the optimal baseline, providing strong scalability while alleviating the data sparsity problem.

In the field of machine learning, hyperparameters are one of the key factors that affect prediction performance. Previous studies have shown that optimizing hyperparameters can improve the performance of inner-version defect prediction and cross-project defect prediction, but the impact on the performance of cross-version defect prediction is unclear. This paper chooses five classical defect prediction models (decision tree, K-nearest neighbors, random forests, support vector machine, and multi-layer perceptron) and four common hyperparameter optimization algorithms (Bayesian optimization based on TPE, Bayesian optimization based on SMAC, random search, and simulated annealing). An empirical study is conducted on PROMISE dataset to explore the influence of optimizing hyperparameters on the performance of cross-version defect prediction. The results indicate that: firstly, there is an obvious improvement in the AUC of cross-version defect prediction after optimizing the decision tree, K-nearest neighbors and multi-layer perceptron models; secondly, the optimal models still maintain the same stability as the default hyperparametric models; thirdly, hyperparameter optimization takes 1 to 2 minutes for all models on average except the complicated multi-layer perceptron model and it is feasible to optimize the hyperparameter of model in cross-version defect prediction experiment. The above results indicate that the hyperparameter optimization of the model should be considered in the process of cross-version defect prediction to improve its performance.

Objective To analyze the effect of asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis on the progression of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) in Shunyi cohort community population. Methods A total of 658 residents aged ≥ 35 years old from Shunyi cohort population (from June 2013 to April 2016) were selected as study subjects. Carotid ultrasound was used to assess the presence of baseline carotid plaque, and CSVD progression was assessed by baseline and follow ⁃ up MRI, which included lacunes, cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) and white matter hyperintensity (WMH). Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the effect of carotid plaque on incident lacunes or CMBs, and linear regression was used to analyze the linear correlation between baseline carotid plaque and WMH progression. Results Among 658 people 250 people (37.99%) had carotid plaque at baseline. After (5.57 ± 0.49) years of follow⁃up, 70 people (10.64%) developed incident lacunes and 56 people (8.51%) had incident CMBs. The annual WMH progression was 0.28 (0.14, 0.55) cm3/year. Logistic regression analysis showed the presence of baseline carotid plaque significantly predicted incident CMBs (OR = 2.411, 95%CI: 1.240- 4.687; P = 0.009). Conclusions Prensence of carotid plaque increased CMBs progression during five⁃year follow⁃up, but the influence on lacunes and WMH progression requires a longer cumulative effect.

The circle of Willis constitutes the primary collateral circulation of the brain, exerting a significant influence on the distribution of intracranial blood flow. Variations of the circle of Willis can impact the cerebrovascular diseases by diminishing collateral compensation capacity and altering the stability of intracranial hemodynamics. This paper reviews the research progress on the association between circle of Willis and cerebral large vessel disease [such as intracranial arterial dolichoectasia (IADE) and intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS)], as well as cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), so as to provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment for these diseases.

Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a research hotspot in recent 20 years. In order to standardize the name and definition of the imaging features of CSVD, the STandards for ReportIng Vascular changes on nEuroimaging (STRIVE) recommended the imaging diagnostic criteria for CSVD in 2013, namely STRIVE⁃1. In 2023, this standard updated according to the research achievement in recent 10 years. This paper aims to introduce STRIVE⁃2, especially focus on explaining the differences between these two standards in order to help clinicians and researchers understand the changes.

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of paliperidone palmitate treatment on schizophrenic patients in the community.Methods446 schizophrenic patients who used paliperidone palmitate injection were selected in Shanghai. Before and after the treatment， the disease family burden scale， the concise evaluation scale of drug treatment compliance， the VAS100 score of treatment satisfaction， the short form of quality of life measurement scale， and the screening scale of social function defects were used to evaluate the effects of paliperidone palmitate injection. The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 26.0 software.ResultsAfter using paliperidone palmitate injection， the total score of family burden （13.94±12.17）， the score of daily family activities （3.26±2.74）， the score of family entertainment activities （2.21±2.30）， and the score of family relationship （2.79±2.76） were significantly higher than those before the treatment （14.98±12.64， 3.51±2.88， 2.48±2.38， 3.11±2.87， respectively， all with P

Head and neck cancer (HNC) remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. The most prevalent pathology among HNC is head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The tumor microenvironment (TME) encompasses the components surrounding tumor cells, including immune cells, stromal cells, extracellular matrix (ECM), blood and lymph vessels. Strategies targeting the TME have yielded significant outcomes. Thus, further exploration of the interactions between TME components is crucial. This review discussed recent advances in cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), CD4+ T lymphocytes, regulatory T cells (Treg), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), natural killer (NK) cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) in HNSCC TME. The article summarized herein primarily focused on restoring the activity of anti-tumor cells and eliminating the immunosuppressive effects of Treg and so on, to provide new insights for more effective HNSCC therapy.

Objective To explore the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment regimen of adrenal cryptococcosis so as to improve awareness of this disease for clinicians. Methods The clinical manifestations, laboratory indicators, imaging data and postoperative pathological results of a patient with adrenocortical insufficiency caused by Cryptococcus neoformans infection admitted to our hospital in June 2022 were collected and analyzed, and the related literature was reviewed. Results This patient presented with dizziness, fatigue, and multiple pigmentations throughout the whole body.Upper abdominal plain CT scan on June 24, suggested multiple nodular soft tissue shadows in the bilateral adrenal glands, and the scan on July 1 suggested mild inhomogeneous enhancement of bilateral adrenal nodules, which may be adrenal tumors.Retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial adrenalectomy was performed on July 13.Postoperative pathology indicated cryptococcosis.The antifungal treatment with itraconazole was stopped after 2 weeks by himself.In 3 months after the operation, CT revealed multiple adrenal masses on both sides, and itraconazole was taken again for treatment. Conclusion Patients with adrenal cryptococcosis usually have symptoms of adrenocortical insufficiency such as dizziness, fatigue, and multiple pigmentations throughout the whole body.Abdominal enhanced CT usually indicates adrenal nodules with inhomogeneous enhancement.The diagnosis depends on pathological examination, and antifungal therapy can be considered after adrenalectomy.

ObjectiveTo explore the relapse status based on the positive and negative syndrome scale （PANSS Scale） and related factors of schizophrenics in Shanghai communities， and to analyze the association between socio demographic characteristics， lifestyles， clinical characteristics and relapse.MethodsA dynamic cohort prospective study design was used in this study. From March 2018 to February 2019， a total of 189 schizophrenics in Xuhui， Hongkou， Changning， Jiading， Songjiang and Baoshan districts were enrolled successively. Baseline questionnaires were conducted through face-to-face interviews at baseline， which contained social demographic information， lifestyle information and clinical information. A follow-up was conducted every 2 weeks for a measurement of PANSS Scale for a total of 6 months. Relapse was assessed by a PANSS score increase of ≥25% from baseline （or an increase of 10 points or more if the baseline score was ≤40 points）. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were used to analyze the associations between relapse status （assessed by PANSS Scale） and socio demographic characteristics， lifestyles， and clinical characteristics， respectively.ResultsA total of 165 community schizophrenics completed baseline and follow-up surveys， with a loss to follow-up rate of about 12.7%. After exclusion of sociodemographic and clinical information deficits， 132 patients were included in the analysis totally， with an average age of 48.18±12.67 years， among whom 41.67% were male. Totally 33 patients relapsed during the 6-month follow-up period， with a relapse rate of 25.0%. After adjusting for gender， family history， age， employment， education， marital status， smoking， drinking， exercise frequency， medication compliance， insight， social function， violence history， stress recent events， adverse drug reactions and baseline scores of PANSS Scale， risk factors of relapse included the following four factors： age below 40 years （HR=4.47， 95%CI： 1.15-17.40）， primary school or below （HR=7.11， 95%CI： 1.54-32.83）， unemployed （HR=8.34， 95%CI： 1.78-38.98）， and adverse drug reactions （HR=5.02， 95%CI： 1.75-14.37）.ConclusionWe should pay attention to the risk factors such as age， education， employment and adverse drug reactions， in order to identify high-risk patients and to conduct timely interventions during the relapse management of schizophrenics in Shanghai community.

Event extraction technology mainly studies how to extract event information that users are interested in from unstructured natural language text.It is an important branch in the field of information extraction and has been widely used in intelligence analysis,intelligent question answering,information retrieval,and recommendation systems in recent years.Beginning with the concept and task of event extraction technology,this paper comprehensively reviews the data sets and methods of event extraction technology,analyzes the technical research progress of event extraction tasks,and summarizes event extraction methods based on pattern matching,machine learning,and deep learning.According to the different learning methods of the model and the difference in the size of feature range,it focuses on the introduction of deep learning-based methods,discussing and analyzing both the advantages and disadvantages of different methods.Finally,the challenges and future research trends of event extraction are summarized,and the current research trends are summarized in view of the low resource scenarios,poor generalization ability and difficult modeling of document-level event extraction.

[Purpose/Significance] Emotional experience is a purely subjective feeling of the interaction between users and products. Exploring user participation behavior and influencing factors in online health communities under the influence of user emotional experience has obvious significance for retaining users. [Method/Process] A total of 25 users of the online health platform were selected as the research objects. The semi-structured interview method was used, and the basic information of the interviewees was combined with the questionnaire. With the help of grounded theory, the original interview data were coded, and the factors influencing user participation in online health communities were analyzed. Then, the emotional experience and feedback mechanism model of user participation in online health communities was constructed by combining the "emotion-cognitive recursive model". Finally, effective cases were screened from the questionnaire, and the configuration of the influencing factors of user participation behavior and affective feedback was explored based on the principle of qualitative comparative analysis and calculation of fuzzy sets. [Results/Conclusions] Through the grounded theory coding, six factors affecting user participation behavior are obtained: risk perception, platform cognition, demand motivation, platform experience, user emotion and environment. Then combined with the cognitive-affective model, the seven main categories derived from the rooted coding were divided into three dimensions: cognitive assessment, affective experience and participatory behavior. The feedback mechanism of emotional experience after participating behavior is further studied. It is found that the cognitive evaluation including risk perception, platform cognition and demand motivation affects the emotional experience of users, thus affecting their actual participation behavior. In the process of user participation in online health community, the factors of cognitive assessment, emotional experience and participation behavior interact with each other, and have a two-way effect on user participation behavior and user cognitive assessment. Further verification by fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) shows that among the six factors affecting user participation behavior, platform experience and demand motivation are the core conditions affecting user participation in online health community, and the three single factor variables of user emotion, environment and platform cognition do not necessarily affect the generation of user participation behavior. The extraction of influencing factors and the definition of user behavior are not comprehensive, and some real variables and key engagement behaviors may be overlooked. In addition, there is an imbalance in the number of samples on each platform. Follow-up related research can improve the pertinence of the platform and expand the sample capacity.

Background and purpose: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women, and it is also the cancer with the highest number of new cases worldwide in 2020. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer accounts for approximately 20% of all breast cancers, which indicates higher rate of recurrence and metastasis and a poor prognosis. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the biomarkers related to HER2-positive breast cancer. This study aimed to investigate the expression of circ-0003910 in HER2-positive breast cancer tissues and cells, and to clarify the effect of circ-0003910 on the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells. Methods: Circular RNA (circRNA) microarray was used to screen circRNA differentially expressed in HER2-positive breast cancer cells, and significantly overexpressed circRNA was selected as the research target. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay was used to detect the subcellular localization of circ-0003910. BaseScope assay was used to analyze the expression and clinical significance of circ-0003910 in breast cancer tissues. Circ-0003910 overexpressed and knockdown breast cancer cells were constructed by transfection of cloned plasmid and siRNA in vitro. The effect of circ-0003910 on the migration and invasion ability of breast cancer cells was detected by transwell assay. The molecular mechanism of circ-0003910 promoting the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells was preliminarily explored by TMT quantitative proteomics techniques. Results: CircRNA microarray analysis showed that a total of 1 843 differentially expressed circRNAs were screened in HER2-positive breast cancer cells (fold change≥2, P

Background Urinary calculi in primary aldosteronism (PA) have been studied almost only in case reports, and most of which have been reported to be associated with nephrolithiasis. Literature review demonstrates that there are few reports on the prevalence, clinical characteristics and possible causative factors of asymptomatic nephrolithiasis/nephrocalcinosis in PA. Objective To investigate clinical features and possible causative factors of asymptomatic nephrolithiasis/nephrocalcinosis in primary aldosteronism patients in Sichuan. Methods In this retrospective study, we enrolled 147 PA patients from Department of Endocrinology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital from January 2017 to April 2021, including 34 also with asymptomatic nephrolithiasis/nephrocalcinosis and 113 patients with PA alone. Clinical data were collected, including sex, age, duration of hypertension, duration of hypokalemia, the lowest serum potassium level in medical history, abnormal glucose metabolism, smoking history, drinking history, systolic blood pressure at admission, diastolic blood pressure at admission, body mass index, waist circumference, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) , fasting blood glucose, serum uric acid, total protein, albumin, potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, carbon dioxide, pH value, bicarbonate (HCO3) , total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, and glycated hemoglobin, plasma aldosterone concentration, direct renin concentration, and aldosterone-renin ratio in upright posture, serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) , 24-hour urinary electrolyte excretion (K, Na, Ca, Mg, P) , urine microalbumin to creatinine ratio, and urinary pH value. Binary Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the independent risk factors of asymptomatic nephrolithiasis/nephrocalcinosis in PA. Results Compared with patients with PA alone, those also with asymptomatic nephrolithiasis/nephrocalcinosis had higher proportion of males, previous or current smokers, and previous or current drinkers, higher mean levels of serum pH value, HCO3 and PTH, longer mean duration of hypertension, as well as lower eGFR (P

With the development of pathology and neuroimaging, special staining techniques and imaging techniques have been used to identify and evaluate the characteristics of cerebral venules, and found that the decrease of cerebral venules, disruption of continuity and tortuousness, are correlated with the structural changes of white matter hyperintensity (WMH) and gray matter atrophy, suggesting that both white matter damage and the neurodegeneration processes are involved in the pathogenesis of cerebral venule system disease. This review combined the anatomical structure and detection methods of cerebral venules system to further understand and explore the pathogenesis of cerebral venules system diseases.

Due to the limitations of various conditions, rt-PA intravenous thrombolysis has been rarely applied in grass-roots hospitals to treat acute cerebral infarction in elderly patients. In this article, two female patients, aged over 90 years old, diagnosed with acute massive cerebral infarction were reported. According to relevant inclusion and exclusion criteria, standard rt-PA intravenous thrombolysis was delivered, which saved the life of patients. Two patients were discharged after symptom remission. Subsequent follow-up demonstrated that two patients obtained favorable long-term efficacy.

Pavement cracks constitute a major potential threat to driving safety.Previous manual detection methods are highly subjective and inefficient.Current computer vision methods have limited applications in crack detection.Existing models have poor generalization capabilities and limited detection effects.To address this problem,a dense network structure of pavement crack detection,called Crack U-Net,is proposed to improve the model generalization capabilities and detection accuracy.Firstly,the dense connection structure of Crack U-Net adopts the network design from the encoder-decoder backbone network U-Net.Similar to the encoder-decoder backbone network,this structure of Crack U-Net is able to improve the utilization of feature information and to enhance the robustness of the model,as well.Secondly,the Crack U-block composed of residual blocks and mini-U is proposed as the basic convolution module of the network,which can extract more abundant crack features compared with the traditional dou-ble-layer convolution layer.Finally,dilated convolution is used in the middle layer of up sampling and down sampling in the network to fully capture the crack features,which is at the edge if the image.Crack U-Net runs on public fracture dataset and produces a series of experimental results.The experimental results show that the AIU value of this method on the dataset is 2.2% higher than the previous method,and it is better than the existing fracture segmentation accuracy and generalization.The experimental results also show that Crack U-Net model can be pruned,and the pruned model is suitable for loading to mobile devices for road crack detection.

BACKGROUND The large-scale mining of ion-type rare earth mines in southern Jiangxi and the unreasonable disposal of tailings and slag caused heavy metal lead content to be deposited in the surrounding environment of the mining area, exceeding the standard level, and destroying the ecological environment of the mining area. OBJECTIVES To passivate the lead in the soil of the mining area to reduce its bioavailability and ecological risks. METHODS Natural and modified attapulgite with different dosages (mass fractions of 5%, 10%, and 15%) were used as passivating agents. Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier infrared were used to analyze the surface characteristics and functional groups of the two passivating agents. Passivation ability and effect were evaluated by BCR continuous extraction method of heavy metals, and form changes of lead in the soil were also studied by this method. Environmental quality of heavy metal contaminated soil was also evaluated using foreign heavy metal TCLP extraction methods. RESULTS After 50 days of cultivation, the modified attapulgite reduced the acid-extracted content of lead from 25.69 to 7.42mg/kg, the residual content increased by 1.38 times and the TCLP extracted content decreased by 65.70% compared to the control group, significantly reducing the bioavailability and ecological risk from lead. CONCLUSIONS Compared with the natural attapulgite, the modified attapulgite has a better effect on the soil remediation of rare earth tailings.

In order to reduce the complexity of the internal circuit of brushless direct current motor(BLDCM) controller, a special circuit with simple structure is proposed, which can be used to drive the microcontroller of BLDCM. The position signal of the rotor is transmitted to the controller circuit by the position sensor on the motor, and the output truth table of the position sensor is obtained. Then the corresponding digital logic circuit is obtained by using Logisim software. The simulation waveform is obtained by using the simulation tool NC-Verilog simulator of Cadence. With 80C51 as the main control chip, the final verification and analysis is completed by the way of external circuit. Through this special circuit, the rotor of the motor can rotate clockwise or counterclockwise. This special circuit can be used for the controller of brushless DC motor with low cost and low control precision.

BACKGROUND Elements As, Sb, Bi, Ag, Sn, W, Mo, Cu, Pb, Zn, Co, Cr, Ni, Ti, V, Mn, Sr and Ba in structural superimposed halo samples of gold deposits were of significance to the multi-phases and multi-stage mineralization of the gold deposits. This kind of sample is collected in the gold mine. The content of each element is very different and the distribution is uneven, from the ppm level to a few percent. OBJECTIVES To overcome the problems of conventional detection methods, such as difficult to eliminate inter-element interference and serious memory effects. METHODS The contents of 18 elements in structural superimposed haloes of gold ore were studied by pressed-powder pellets Wavelength Dispersive XRF. RESULTS By studying the angle scanning chart, the analysis line with least interference and high intensity is selected, and the segregation effect is eliminated by fully mixing the sample. The detection limits of this method are 0.14-2.23 μg/g, and the precision (RSD, n=12) is less than 4%. CONCLUSIONS The method can rapidly and accurately determine the contents of all elements in structural superimposed halo samples of gold deposits.

In order to promote the clinical diagnosis, management and treatment of cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) in China, it is necessary to construct evidence - based guidelines. The "Chinese guideline for the diagnosis and management of CADASIL (2022 edition)" will be written by using the World Health Organization (WHO) Guidelines Development Manual" and "Principles for Developing/Revising Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines in China (2022 Edition)", and follow the evidence - based guidance development process to develop and publish formal guidance. This guide plan mainly describes the background, initiation and planning of the guide, as well as a concise development method to lay the foundation for the successful release of the subsequent guide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analyze the clinical and imaging features of serum NMO-IgG-positive and NMO-IgG-negative Chinese patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSDs) based on the 2015 version of diagnostic criteria. Methods Retrospective analyses of clinical and imaging data were held on 96 patients with NMOSDs (64 NMO-IgG-positive patients and 32 NMO-IgG-negative patients) who were admitted to Tangdu Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University from January 2013 to December 2015. Results Gender ratio, age, age of onset, duration and annual relapse rate between NMO-IgG-positive and NMO-IgG-negative patients were of no significant difference. Symptoms of spinal cord involvement were most common during the first attack, with incidence rate of 48.44% (31/64) and 56.25% (18/32), respectively, for NMO-IgG-positive and NMO-IgG-negative patients, while limb numbness was most frequent. Among the first-episode optic nerve symptoms, unilateral visual loss was more common in NMO-IgG-positive patients (12/16) and bilateral visual loss was more frequent in NMO-IgG-negative patients (6/9). Intractable hiccups and vomiting suggestive of area postrema involvement was more common in NMO-IgG-positive group than that in NMO-IgG-negative group (11/18 vs 2/7), but the difference between 2 groups was not significant (P = 0.087, 0.202). The first-episode lesions of spinal cord were most frequently located in the cervical cord in both groups [41.67% (15/36) vs 11/17]. The incidence rates of both cervicothoracic cord lesions [41.67% (15/36) vs 1/17] and spinal cord lesions ≥ 7 vertebral segments [36.11% (13/36) vs 1/17] were significantly higher in NMO-IgG-positive group than those in NMO-IgG-negative group (P = 0.008, 0.022). The occurrence rates of intracranial lesions [90.63% (29/32) vs 14/17] and contiguous lesions involving medulla and cervical cord (6/11 vs 1/2) between 2 groups had no significant difference (P = 0.702, 1.000). During the disease course, there were no significant differences in the incidence of spinal cord [84.38% (54/64) vs 84.38% (27/32)], contiguous lesions involving medulla and cervical cord (9/19 vs 3/6) and intracranial lesions [86.54% (45/52) vs 83.33% (25/30)] between 2 groups (P = 1.000, 1.000, 0.934). Conclusions Analysis of clinical and imaging features between NMO-IgG-positive and NMO-IgG-negative Chinese patients with NMOSDs according to the 2015 version of diagnostic criteria is helpful to further improve diagnostic level of the disease. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2016.09.007

Objective: To investigate the effects of Schisandra B on proliferation, migration, invasion of bladder cancer and to further investigate its molecular mechanism.Methods: Bladder cancer cells were subjected to different concentrations of Schisandra B solution (0, 20, 40, 80 μmol/L) . CCK-8 assay was used to detect the effect of schisandra B on bladder cancer cell proliferation. Transwell migration assay and wound healing assay were used to detect the effect of Schisandra B on the migration of bladder cancer cells. Transwell invasion assay was used to detect the effect of schisandra B on invasion ability of bladder cancer cells. The expression levels of intracellular β-catenin and c-myc protein were measured by western blot.Results: Schisandra B inhibited the proliferation of T24 and UM-UC-3 cells in a concentration and time dependent manner (P<0.05) . The rate of wound healing and number of migration and invasion cells decreased with the increase of Schisandra B concentration (P<0.05) . The expression of β-catenin and c-myc decreased after treatment with Schisandra B in bladder cancer cells (P<0.05) . Conclusion: Schisandra B can inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of human bladder cancer T24 and UM-UC-3 cells, and the main mechanism for its inhibitory effect may be related to the inactivation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper introduced basic theory of ip-iq method based on instantaneous reactive power theory, and pointed out that there is error of amplitude and phase of active current component of fundamental wave detected by traditional ip-iq method because of phase difference between power grid voltage and its positive-sequence component. It proposed an improved ip-iq harmonic detection method. The improved method acquires synchronous rotation signal through combining positive-sequence voltage components with phase shift operator, which reduces detection error caused by three-phase voltage asymmetry, and introduces current mean value theory to replace low-pass filter, so as to improve dynamic response capability of harmonic detection. The Matlab simulation results showed the improved method can detect positive-sequence active current of fundamental wave correctly under condition of three-phase voltage asymmetry and has good dynamic response performance.

DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2012.02.003

The experiment was to investigate the effect of different levels of Eucommia ulmoides (E. ulmoide) powder on sensory evaluation, CNCPS (Cornell net carbohydrate-protein system) protein and carbohydrate components of sweet potato vine fermentation fodder. The experiment consisted of four groups with five replicates in each group, including control group (only fermentation with bacterial solution), non-fermentation group, 1% E. ulmoide powder fermentation group and 3% E. ulmoide powder fermentation group. 5% Lactobacillus, 5% Bacillus licheniformis and 5% Bacillus subtilis were mixed into mixed liquid, and added to control group, 1% E. ulmoide powder fermentation group and 3% E. ulmoide powder fermentation group, respectively, adding 5% of dry matter of fermentation material. The sweet potato seedlings were microstored in fermentation bags and sampled for analysis after 45 d of fermentation. The results showed that compare with unfermented group, the content of PA of sweet potato vine fermented with 3% E. ulmoide powder significantly increased (P<0.05), and content of PB1 and PC were significantly decreased (P<0.05). The CC content of 1% and 3% E. ulmoide powder were significantly lower than that of unfermented group (P<0.05). The experiment indicates that adding a certain amount of E. ulmoide powder in fermentation process can effectively improve the quality and nutritional value of sweet potato vine, facilitate digestion and utilization of livestock and poultry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the generalized transmitting matrix (GTM) method to analyze the propagation characteristics of anisotropic media, the layered biaxial anisotropic media are analyzed. The state vector and coupling matrix of the transverse field in biaxial anisotropic media are constructed to obtain the eigenwave in biaxial anisotropic media. The GTM is introduced to obtain the reflection coefficient and transmission coefficient of layered biaxial anisotropic media. The angular and frequency characteristics of different dielectric coated structures are analyzed, and the numerical results are highly consistent with those of commercial software. Further, the electromagnetic propagation matrix is combined with the shooting and bouncing ray (SBR) method to obtain the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of the dielectric coated target. The root mean square error between the radar cross section results and the commercial software results is less than 3 dBsm, which reflects the accuracy of this method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The latent area prediction and search method based on game theory is proposed for application requirements of searching marine moving targets by using remote sensing satellites. Based on the assumption of asymmetric information, dynamic games are transformed into static games, and the strategy functions are simplified to improve the efficiency of the algorithm. By designing the game strategy, the algorithm is closer to the actual application, and the problems of target latent area prediction algorithm and satellite search planning algorithm are transformed into problems of solving Nash equilibrium strategies. By introducing destination information, the time span of target location prediction is increased from several hours to several days. The experimental results show that the proposed search method ensures a higher target acquisition probability and reduces the resource consumption of the remote sensing satellite constellation. The search method has potential application value in the field of searching marine moving targets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to explore the factors affecting clothing consumers' recommendation intention of live streaming studio, live streaming process was divided into three stages after literature review and enterprise practice in this study. A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the influencing factors of consumers' experience when watching the live streaming video in each stage. A regression model of the influencing factors and the recommendation intention was established using multiple regression analysis method. The research results show that the product selection and the performance of hosts can promote the recommendation intention of consumers. Meanwhile, the behavior of other consumers in the live streaming has a significant positive effect on the recommendation intention, while the visual landscape has no significant effect on the recommendation intention. The research results can provide theoretical reference for apparel e-commerce enterprises to develop marketing strategies for live streaming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Natural gas hydrate has the advantages of large reserves, wide distribution and clean combustion. In recent years, it has attracted a wide spread attention. In order to realize the safe and efficient exploitation of natural gas hydrate, it is necessary to systematically evaluate the mechanical stability of hydrate-bearing sediments. In this paper, the methane hydrate-bearing sediments with 40% porosity were remoulded firstly, and a series of triaxial compression tests were performed based on the laboratory mechanics experimental equipment under the conditions of different confining pressures. The strength and deformation characteristics of the sediments during hydrate dissociation were obtained, and the corresponding stress-strain curves were drawn. The results showed that the decomposition of natural gas hydrate can lead to the reduction of the sediments strength. In addition, based on the experimental data and the Duncan-Chang constitutive model, considering the influence of confining pressure and the dissociation time, a constitutive model of the sediment samples in the process of decomposition was constructed. This model could well simulate the stress-strain relationship of the sediments during the hydrate dissociation, providing the theoretical references to evaluate the stability of gas hydrate reservoirs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phytoplankton is the most important biological component in the reservoir ecosystem, which could indicate the status of aquatic ecosystem due to its sensitive to environmental variation. To understand the application and difference between two methods of phytoplankton functional group classification, functional groups (FG) and morphology-based functional groups (MBFG), in indicating the changes of reservoir environment, we investigated water quality and phytoplankton in Qingshitan Reservoir monthly from March 2016 to February 2017. Two phytoplankton functional groups classifications (FG and MBFG) were used to analyze phytoplankton community composition, seasonal succession, and its driving factors. We compared the application and differences of two methods of functional group classifications in indicating environmental changes. The results showed that there were 109 species belonged to seven phylum, which could be classified into 17 FG or 5 MBFG functional groups. Results from both methods indicated that the reservoir was meso-eutrophic. The phytoplankton seasonal succession under 8 or 9 steps with FG or 8 steps with MBFG. Results from the redundancy analysis showed that the response of phytoplankton community reflected with FG to environmental variation was more sensitive than that with MBFG, especially in the response to the changes of pH and nitrate concentration. In conclusion, FG was more appropriate in describing community succession and exploring the relationship between phytoplankton and environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The precipitation isotope data and meteorological data of eight stations provided by GNIP (Global Network for Isotopes in Precipitation) and two stations from the present study, combined with HYSPLIT model and water droplet evaporation model were used to examine the spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation δ18O and d values in Northwest China. The secondary evaporative effect of existence was evaluated and then quantitatively discussed, with the sensitive factors of secondary evaporative effect being considered. The results showed that during the summer monsoon, the δ18O and d values decreased from south to north in Xinjiang, while the δ18O value increased but d values decreased from south to north and from east to west of Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia region. During the winter monsoon, the δ18O value decreased from east to west in whole Northwest region, while the d value increased from south to north in Xinjiang, decreased from south to north and increased slightly from east to west in Shanxi-Gansu-Ningxia. The slope and intercept (6.80 -0.07) of the atmospheric precipitation line in the summer monsoon period was significantly lower than that of annual mean (7.27, 3.37) and winter monsoon period (7.46, 6.07), indicating that the secondary evaporation was stronger during the summer monsoon. The evaporation ratio in the summer monsoon was 4.49%, which was higher than 3.65% in the winter monsoon. However' the evaporation ratio of the winter monsoon was higher than the summer monsoon around of Loess Plateau, which might closely relate to the increasing drought of the Loess Plateau in recent years. Finally, the intensity of secondary evaporation decreased with increasing relative humidity, precipitation and vapor pressure but increased with increasing temperature (greater than 0 °C). The influences of those factors (humidity, precipitation, temperature and vapor pressure) on the secondary evaporation were dependent on the differences of ranges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zooplankton samples were seasonally collected at 10 stations in thermal discharge seawaters near Guohua Power Plant in Xiangshan Bay. The abundance data from these samples were pooled and further combined with field environmental factors, then generalised dissimilarity modelling (GDM) was used to explore the effects of environmental factors on β diversity of zooplankton community. The results showed that altogether 95 species of zooplankton belonging to 14 taxa were found. In these taxa, small zooplankton with 62.6% of abundance was the main taxa, while copepods dominated in adult groups, which abundance accounted for 35.3%. According to Whittaker's definition and additive partition, a diversity accounted for 36.3% and β diversity 63.7%. Environmental factors explained 43.8% of β diversity, and geographical distance between sampling sites had no effect on β diversity. However, there were still 19.9% of β diversity remained to be explained. After GDM fitting, there were nine environmental variables affecting zooplankton β diversity and explaining 68.8% of β diversity. The variables contributing to β diversity from high to low were seasonal water temperature, dissolved oxygen, seawater temperature increment, conductivity, suspended particulate matter, salinity, transparency, water depth and redox potential, respectively. Seasonal water temperatur, dissolved oxygen and seawater temperature increment were the most important factors for driving β diversity changes, and accounted for 23.9%, 13.7% and 9.7% of absolute contribution to the interpretable portion of the β diversity, respectively. When seasonal water temperature, dissolved oxygen and seawater temperature increment were below 25 °C, greater than 5 mg·L-1 and over 1 °C, respectively, β diversity rapidly increased with the increasing variable gradients. Furthermore, other predictors had little effect on β diversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The interaction propagations between multiple pathogens can change propagation threshold and steady-state density of each other. This provides a new thinking of the virus immune method. This paper developed an interaction spread model between viruses and immune agents using compartment theory on the double coupling networks and proposed the evaluation indexes of immune effect. The immune agents could spread in host group just as the viruses do. Each node infected by immune agents would be free from viruses and propagate immune agents to its neighbor nodes with some probability. Viruses and immune agents may spread in the same host group but different transmission pathway. Simulation experiments show that immune transmissions reduce significantly the range and speed of virus transmissions on the synthetic networks and real networks. There are ideal immune parameters with low resource consumption and highly immune effect. The spread method of immunization a-gents can bring obviously immune effects on the virus prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]