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Objective To investigate the prevalence of and risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients with chronic viral hepatitis C. Methods A total of 294 patients with chronic hepatitis C in Yunnan First People's Hospital from January 2018 to May 2020 were divided into two groups: 70 patients with diabetes and 224 patients without diabetes. After deletion of incomplete data, 56 patients with hepatitis C complicated with diabetes and 59 patients without diabetes were selected, then another 52 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were treated in Endocrinology and Metabolism Department of Yunnan First People's Hospital in October 2020 were randomly selected for the study. General clinical data (gender, age, Place of residence, alcohol consumption) and laboratory tests (HCV RNA, hepatitis C antibody, LDH, AST, ALP, GGT, TBIL, DBIL, TBA, TP, ALB, GLB, BUN, CR, UA, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL, blood sugar) were collected, and SPSS26.0 statistical software was used to establish a database and analyze whether there are statistical differences in blood biochemical indexes among the three groups of patients, and use disordered multivariate logistic regression to analyze risk factors. Results The detection rate of type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients with Chronic hepatitis C was 23.8%. There were significant differences in sex, age, region, alcohol consumption, UA, GLB, LDL-C, TC, LDH, GLB, AST, ALP, GGT, TBiL, DBiL, TBA and TG among the three groups (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences in TP, HDL-C, BUN and CR (P > 0.05) . Disordered multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age and TBA were the risk factors of type 2 diabetes in patients with chronic hepatitis C (P < 0.05). Conclusion Hepatitis C virus infection can aggravate liver injury, and elderly patients with hepatitis C with high TBA level are more likely to develop type 2 diabetes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]