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The purpose of this study was to explore the differentially expressed genes related to fat metabolism in muscle tissue of Tan lambs at different ages under the house-feeding mode. Twelve Tantan sheep with similar body condition were selected as the study objects, and three Tantan sheep with similar body weight were selected for slaughter at two-month-old and ix-month-old, respectively, and the longissimus dorsi muscle and biceps femoris muscle were taken. Transcriptome sequencing of the longissimus dorsi muscle was performed by Illumina to screen for genes related to fat metabolism. The results showed that a total of 146 differentially expressed genes were screened from the biceps femoris muscle of six-month-old and two-month-old Tan lambs, of which 69 genes were up-regulated and 77 genes were down-regulated. The differentially expressed genes were enriched in 40 GO entries, mainly in biological processes such as the regulation of endotheEal apoptosis, carboxylic acid metabolism and epithelial apoptosis. KEGG was significantly enriched in four pathways, and the pathways closely related to fat metabolism were PPAR signaling pathway and adipocytokine signaling pathway. According to transcriptome analysis, AJMGPTLA, FASN, and CPT1A genes were associated with fat metabolism. A total of 1 418 differentially expressed genes were screened in the longissimus dorsi muscle of six-month-old and two-month-old Tan lambs, of which 774 genes were up-regulated and 644 genes were down-regulated. GO enrichment was mainly reflected in cellcell adhesion, cell-cell adhesion of a single organism and cell adhesion of a single organism, and KEGG was significantly enriched in 18 pathways, among which PPAR signaling pathway and fatty acid metabolism pathway were closely related to fat metabolism. LEP, IGF2, and FABP3 genes were associated with fat metabolism according to transcriptome data. The results showed that ANGPTLA, FASN, and CPTLA genes regulated the fat metabolism of biceps femoris muscle in lambs at different months of age, while the LEP, IGF2, and FABP genes play a regulatory role in fat metabolism in the longissimus dorsi muscle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]