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New paper-based microfluidic technology has been widely used in many fields due to their advantages such as easy preparation, low cost, and non-toxic environmental protection, compared with the shortcomings of other food analysis and detection techniques such as complex production method and high cost of preparation. The outline of new paper-based microfluidic technology is briefly summarized and the probes including organic molecules, nanomaterials and polymers their structural activity with regard to sensing performances along with their limit of detection are also discussed. This review is expected to assist readers for better understanding of the sensing mechanisms of various chemo and bio-probes utilized in µPADs, as well as promote their advancement in the field. The detection mechanism and its advantages in the whole detection system at the same time to get the ideal experimental results of new paper-based microfluidic technology in the food analysis of pesticide residues, pathogenic bacteria, additives, heavy metals and other substances are mainly introduced. This study would provide the theoretical basis and references for fast detection field. The future challenges and application prospects of this technology are prospected.