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The sensitivity of cardiac troponin testing for diagnosing acute myocardial infarction （AMI） varies over time from chest pain onset. This study aimed to determine the diagnostic performance of point-of-care testing cardiac troponin T （POCT-cTnT） at different time intervals post-symptom onset to refine rapid rule-out approaches for AMI. Methods This retrospective study included 6，024 patients presenting with chest pain from January 2018 to December 2022. POCT-cTnT and central lab cTnI levels were measured on admission. Receiver operating characteristics analysis stratified by time windows assessed the accuracy of POCT-cTnT for diagnosing AMI. Results The overall AUC of POCT-cTnT for diagnosing AMI was 0.826 （95% CI:0.816 ~ 0.836）， with a sensitivity of 72.81% and a specificity of 86.26%. According to the time intervals of chest pain onset （< 3 hours， 3 ~ 6 hours， 6 ~ 12 hours， 12 ~ 24 hours， 24 ~ 72 hours， and ≥ 72 hours）， the AUC values for groups after 6 ~ 12 hours were 0.918， 0.928， 0.920 and 0.908， respectively， with no statistically significant difference （P > 0.05）， but all were higher than the groups within 6 hours （P < 0.001）. According to the time of chest pain onset， the AUC for the ≥8h group was 0.921， with a negative predictive value （NPV） of 98.1% and a negative likelihood ratio （-LR） of 0.11. Its AUC was higher than those of the ≥ 3 h， ≥ 2 h， ≥ 1 h， and overall groups （P < 0.05）， but there was no statistically significant difference compared with the groups after ≥ 4 h（ P > 0.05）. Conclusions Chest pain onset time has a certain impact on the performance of a single POCT-cTnT test for diagnosing AMI. The duration from chest pain onset to hospital admission combined with POCT-cTnT test may improve the reliability in diagnosing AMI. Specifically， a single POCT-cTnT test at four hours after chest pain onset， especially eight hours after chest pain onset， can diagnose or exclude AMI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To develop and evaluate a rapid and sensitive point-of-care chemiluminescent assay (POC-CLIA) for β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG). Methods: POC-CLIA was constructed based on alkaline phosphatase (Alp)-AMPPD lumi-nescence system and magnetic particles (Mps) carrier. Performance of POC-CLIA, including sensitivity, precision, accuracy, linear dilution, specificity, stability, hook effect and clinical application were evaluated. Results: Detection limit of β-HCG was 0.71 mU/ml, linear detection range was 0.710~1.092x104 mU/ml, and was no hook effect up to 1.7x105 mU/ml. Intra and inter batch coefficients of variation were less than 10%, and could be stored stably at 37 °C for 10 days. Accuracy deviation was within ±10%, so results were reliable. There was no cross-reactivity between interfering substances and anti-β-HCG antibdies. For detecting β-HCG in 100 clinical serum samples, results were highly correlated with those that were tested by clinical standard methods (R²=0.997 0). Turnaround time for single sample was less than 15 min and throughput could reach 200 T/h. Conclusion: This method is adequate that can be widely used in grassroots communities to help large-scale screening of pregnancy and related diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and objective Lung cancer is a common malignant tumor of respiratory system. Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is a valuable tool for the diagnosis and staging of lung cancer. EBUS-TBNA is predominantly performed under local anesthesia or conscious sedation. However, the diagnostic performance of EBUS-TBNA under general anesthesia and in conjunction with rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) remains uncertain. This study aims to investigate the value of general anesthesia and ROSE in the diagnosis of lung cancer with EBUS-TBNA. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 164 patients treated in the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from January 2018 to December 2022. All patients were preoperatively suspected of lung cancer and underwent EBUS-TBNA. Based on whether they received general anesthesia and ROSE, the patients were divided into three groups: local anesthesia group (LA group)(n=54), general anesthesia group (GA group)(n=67) and general anesthesia with ROSE group (GA-ROSE group)(n=43). The puncture characteristics and diagnostic differences were analyzed among the groups. Results The number of lymph node puncture needles in the LA group was higher than in GA-ROSE group (P<0.01). The overall diagnostic rates of EBUS-TBNA for the three groups were 87.04%, 89.55% and 90.70%, respectively, with malignant tumor diagnostic rates of 88.24%, 88.89% and 94.74%. No statistically significant differences were observed among the three groups (P>0.05). There were no instances of severe complications or adverse anesthesia reactions in any of the groups. Conclusion Compared to the combination of local anesthesia with intravenous analgesia and sedation, the implementation of EBUS-TBNA under general anesthesia, with or without ROSE, achieves equally accurate results, and general anesthesia combined with ROSE can reduce in the number of lymph node puncture needles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice is the property of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice (Editorial Board, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To establish a method for Point of Care Testing detection Candida mannan IgG antibody based on chemiluminescence immunoassay. Methods: The candida mannan IgG antibody detection system was established according to the indirect method principle, and the analytical performance was evaluated according to the approved guidelines of the American Clinical Laboratory Standardization Association (CLSI). Results: Biotinylated Candida mannan antigen and Alkaline Phosphatase-labeled IgG antibody was successfully conjugated, and the optimal reaction concentration was 1 μg/ml. The limit of blank was 5.20 AU/ml. The limit of detection was 5.50 AU/ml. The precision and repeatability of CV were less than 10%. There was no cross reaction between the detection method and common specific antibodies. Hemoglobin, triglyceride and bilirubin had no significant effect on clinical samples. The overall coincidence rate between the detection method and ELISA were 90%, and the Kappa value=0.80, regression analysis and deviation analysis showed that the two methods had strong consistency (R²=0.989 8). Conclusion: The performance of the strip chemiluminescence detection system established in this study meets the relevant requirements of clinical auxiliary diagnostic technology, and is suitable for the rapid detection of Candida mannan IgG antibody in serum samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and objective The thoracic small biopsy sampling procedure including transbronchial forceps lung biopsy (TBLB) and endobronchial ultrasound transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) can be accompanied by rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) of sample material to provide immediate feedback for the proceduralist. The present study aims to investigate the supplemental effect of ROSE smear samples for lung cancer molecular test. Methods In a retrospective study, 308 patients admitted to our hospital from August 2020 to December 2022 undergoing diagnostic TBLB and EBUS-TBNA with ROSE and subsequently diagnosed as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were analyzed. The matched formalin-fixed paraffin-embedding (FFPE) tissue section and ROSE smears for tumor cellularity were compared. DNA yields of smears were determined. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and next-generation sequencing (NGS) were performed on adequate smear samples. Results ROSE smear samples were enriched in tumor cells. Among 308 biopsy samples, 78 cases (25.3%) exhibited inadequate FFPE tissue sections, whereas 44 cases (14.3%) yielded adequate smear samples. Somatic mutations detected in the FFPE tissue section samples were also detected in the matching adequate smear sample. Conclusion ROSE smear samples of the thoracic small biopsies are beneficial supplemental materials for ancillary testing of lung cancer. Combined use of cytology smear samples with traditional FFPE section samples can enhance the detection rate of informative mutations in patients with advanced NSCLC. We recommend that the laboratory could further evaluate the ROSE cell smears of the patient when FFPE tissue sections are inadequate, and that adequate cell smears can be used as a supplemental source for the molecular testing of NSCLC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new method was proposed for point-of-care testing (POCT) of immunosuppressants in blood using thin-layer paper spray ionization and a miniature mass spectrometer. The aluminum thin-layer plate was used as paper spray substrate, and cut into an equilateral triangle. Aliquots of 10 μL blood sample were loaded on the aluminum thin-layer plate, and then 20 μL methanol was dropped as elution/spray solvent. The tip of the triangular plate was placed 1.0 cm in front of the discontinuous atmospheric pressure interface (DAPI) of the miniature mass spectrometer. When the spray voltage was applied, the sample was eluted from the triangular plate and formed paper spray ionization at the tip. Coupled with the miniature mass spectrometer, five immunosuppressants were detected under negative ion mode. The precursor ions ［M-H］- of tacrolimus, sirolimus, everolimus, ciclosporin A, and mycophenolic acid are m/z 802.6, 912.6, 957.1, 1 200.8, 319.1, and product ions are m/z 560.2 and 604.3, m/z 590.3 and 321.2, m/z 590.3 and 365.2, m/z 1 088.8, m/z 287.4 and 275.1, respectively. Based on the observed signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of the most intense tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) fragment peaks and using the S/N=3 and 10 as the criteria, the limits of detection (LODs) and quantitation (LOQs) are estimated to be 0.5-5 mg/L and 1-10 mg/L, respectively. The internal standard method was used for quantitative analysis, and indapamide was used as the internal standard compound. Sufficient linearity for each analyte is obtained with the correlation coefficients (r) greater than 0.99. The proposed method displays good recoveries in the range of 91.0%-114.3% with the relative standard deviations (RSDs) less than 8.4%. Moreover, the developed method was used for the analysis of blood samples, which spiked with tacrolimus, sirolimus, everolimus, cyclosporine A and mycophenolic acid at the concentration of 100 mg/L. The analytical results demonstrated the consistency between the proposed method and the traditional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method. The entire analysis procedure can be completed within 1 min. The proposed method is simple, fast, accurate, efficient, and suitable for POCT of immunosuppressants in blood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and objective Rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) is a technique used for simultaneous evaluation of biopsy specimens through rapid cytology staining. Diff-Quik (DQ) staining is the most commonly employed method for cytological rapid on-site evaluation (C-ROSE). However, the utilization of DQstaining for on-site cytological interpretation remains uncommon among pathologists in China, posing challenges to the implementation of C-ROSE. This study aims to assess the application of rapid hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and DQstaining for C-ROSE during percutaneous needle biopsy of peripheral lung cancer and evaluate the value of rapid HE staining in C-ROSE. Methods Computed tomography (CT)-guided lung biopsies were conducted on 300 patients diagnosed with peripheral lung cancer. The patients were randomly assigned to two groups for C-ROSE using either rapid HE staining or DQstaining, and subsequently the two methods were compared and evaluated. Results The concordance rate between C-ROSE and histopathological diagnosis was 96.7%. The median staining time for rapid HE staining was 160 s, while that for DQstaining was 120 s, representing a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.001). However, there were no significant differences observed in terms of total biopsy time, concordance rate with histopathology, cytology specimen peeling rate, and incidence of serious adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Both staining methods comply with C-ROSE criteria in the biopsy setting of peripheral lung cancer. Rapid HE staining is more aligned with domestic clinical requirements and holds potential for further promotion and adoption in C-ROSE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In December 2022, the American Academy of Pediatrics released a clinical guideline for point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The guideline outlined the development and current status of POCUS in the NICU, and summarized the key elements and implementation guidelines for successful implementation of POCUS in the NICU. This article provides an overview of the key points of the clinical guideline and analyzes the current status of POCUS in China, providing a reference for the implementation of POCUS in neonatal care in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Henan University of Technology Natural Science Edition is the property of Henan University of Technology Journal Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To evaluate the performance and application efficacies of a ultra-fast thermocycling fluorescence quantitative PCR system for detection of influenza A virus (IAV) and influenza B virus (IBV). Methods Our constructed plasmids of IAV and IBV was employed as standards, and then the concentration was diluted gradiently. After each concentration was repeatedly detected with the ultra-fast thermocycling fluorescence quantitative PCR system for 20 times, a standard curve was drawn to verify the minimum detection limit and liner range of the system and correlative coefficient. A total of 278 clinical samples (88 IAV-positive, 87 IBV-positive, and 103 negative samples) were collected from the Biosafety Section of Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Southern Theater Command. They were isolated during 2016 and 2018, from the patients of 164 males (59%) and 114 females (41%), and at an average age of 24 years. The repeatability of the system was analyzed through the system repeatedly detect the identified 88 IAV-positive and 87 IBV-positive samples. The results of the system and traditional real-time q-PCR (RT q-PCR) were compared to evaluate the efficacy of the system. Results The results of ultra-fast thermocycling fluorescence quantitative PCR system showed that the minimum detection limit for detection of IAV and IBV plasmids was 1×100 copies/μL, and the liner range ranged from 1×100 to 1×105 copies/μL. In detection of clinical samples, this system obtained a sensitivity of 92.57%, a specificity of 100%, and negative and positive predictive values of 88.79% and 100%, respectively, with a coincidence rate of 95.32% when compared with the results of traditional RT q-PCR. There were no cross-reactions between IAV and IBV or among them with other pathogens. No interference was observed in the detection results of influenza in presence of 30 g/dL hemoglobin, 3.2 g/dL triglyceride and 100 μg/mL ceftriaxone sodium. Conclusion The system shows good detection performance in detection of clinical samples, with advantages of small in size, light in weight, short in time, and no procedure of nucleic acid extraction, and is suitable for point-of-care testing (POCT).

Copper is one of the heavy metal pollutants. The development of point of care testing（POCT）is necessary in the emergency detection of pollution events，which can avoid the spread of the contaminated area. Based on DNA-stabilized fluorescent copper nanoparticles（CuNPs），a ultraviolet（UV）-assisted POCT （fluorescence colorimetric） was developed for detection of Cu2+ . In this method，after optimization of conditions，CuNPs were synthesized in the MOPS solution using 600 nmol/L poly（AT-TA）dsDNA as the scaffold and 2 mmol/L sodium ascorbate as the reducing agent. With the aid of a UV flashlight，the red-orange fluorescence of CuNPs is visible to naked-eye（wearing anti-UV goggles）. Also，the fluorescence brightness varies with the concentration of Cu2+. Based on this strategy，a semi-quantitative detection method for Cu2+ was developed，i.e. ，the concentration range of Cu2+ in the water-sample could be detected by fluorescent colorimetry with standard series. The LOD of the method is 1. 5 mg/L（24 μmol/L），which meets the requirements of third-level of discharge standard in the Comprehensive Sewage Discharge Standard（GB 8978-1996）. This method is a new semi-quantitative，visual point of care testing for Cu2+，which can provide a reference method for rapid on-site detection of copper pollution in environmental water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of East China University of Science & Technology is the property of Journal of East China University of Science & Technology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Medical Equipment Journal is the property of Chinese Medical Equipment Journal Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The current detection methods for hepatitis B virus （HBV） require high cost, complicated manipulation and are usually with high misdiagnosis rate. All the above issues have inspired us to develop a portable biosensing platform for the HBV detection. The loop-mediated isothermal amplification（LAMP） reaction designed for HBV sequence contributes to the single copy gene detection within 40 min. The immobilization of capture probe F-Probe（FP）on the magnetic beads（MBs）and the modification of FPc （partially complementary to FP）with heat-resistant invertase（Inv）collectively constitute the Inv-FPc signal probe, and the hybridization of Inv-FPc and FP creates the signal transduction probe, which with the HBV LAMP amplicons would induce the replacement of nucleic acid chains, isolating the Inv-FPc from the signal transduction probe. The Inv-FPc signal probe in the solution after magnetic separation would catalyze the transformation of sucrose into glucose that is read by glucometer. The experimental results show that the qualified signal response is in the concentration range of 10~500 nmol/L of HBV gene segments. Almost concordant signal and background are observed when employing Norovirus（NoV）gene as the target. The biosensor presents a perfect “yes/no” signal response in 10% human serum and has a potential to be applied in point of care diagnosis of HBV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

There is an increasing need for on-site and rapid detection of drugs of abuse, especially with a large number of new designer drugs emerging. The combination of direct sampling ionization and miniature mass spectrometry (MS) system serves as a primary strategy for fast analysis of various drugs. In consideration of low ionization efficiency of current direct sampling techniques for some drugs, a novel direct capillary spray method was developed and a cartridge was designed. The workflow only required an analysis time less than 1 min, including fast sampling, analyte elution and direct MS analysis by a miniature mass spectrometer. The analytical performance was demonstrated by analyzing ephedrine, cocaine, ketamine, methamphetamine, MDMA, 1-(3-chlorophenyl) piperazine (mCPP), and ocfentanil on surfaces of bags, showing good qualitative and quantitative capabilities. The signal stability was tested with the relative standard deviations better than 20%, and the limits of detection (LODs) and the limits of quantitation (LOQs) for methamphetamine were 0.1 ng/cm² and 0.2 ng/cm², respectively. This method was applied to determine cocaine and methamphetamine in complex matrices (juice, cola, saliva, blood), with the LODs better than 100 μg/L. This method is expected to help expand the application in drug analysis using direct sampling ionization MS analysis. It has potential to be used for fast and on-site testing of various drugs in complicated matrices, such as from ambient surfaces, drinks and biofluids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Point-of-care test (POCT) is a necessary technology to implement the supervision of genetically modified (GM) crops in resource-limited settings, which plays an important role in GM organisms monitoring. Recently, biosensor provides a promising pathway for a simple, quick and affordable quantification of GM ingredients. So far plenty of studies have concentrated on the methodology development of biosensor, however its application has rarely been reported. The development of portable biosensors with desirable characteristics of integration and miniaturization is highly demand for POCT. This paper reviews recent advances in handheld device--assisted miniaturized biosensor systems for POCT of GM crops. Miniaturization strategies of biosensors for POCT of GM organisms in the future are then proposed. The trends, prospects and challenges of miniaturized biosensors for POCT are further described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Medical Equipment Journal is the property of Chinese Medical Equipment Journal Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Nucleic acid detection as a good specific and high sensitivity of technology, has been widely used for disease diagnosis, food safety testing and environment monitoring. However, conventional technologies are expensive, complex, time-consuming and non-portable, making it difficult to use in limited-resource setting. Paper as a low cost, biocompatibility and driving by capillary force, has been utilized for nucleic acid rapid platform. In clinical detection, one sample maybe include multiplex diseases. Hence, multiplex targets nucleic acid rapid detection is very important for multiplex targets sample. Therefore, existing multiplex targets detection technologies are high cost, complexity and instability. To overcome these drawbacks, we developed PDMS-based multiplex nucleic acid lateral flow assay(LFA), this test strip is fabricated by writing PDMS on nitrocellulose(NC)membrane and conjugation pad using pressure-assisted ball pen. The hydrophobic barrier is formed after freezing at room temperature. Meanwhile, HIV and HBV as the model targets have been used to verify the performance of this test strip. Various targets are used to verify the specification of HBV/HIV test strip, it showed a high specificity. Additionally, the sensitivity of HBV and HIV is as low as 0.5 nM and 0.25 nM, respectively. This technology is simple, low cost and stability, which has the potential for other multiplex targets LFA strip. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Point-of-care testing (POCT) equipment had its concept, advantages, application fields and uses for blood cel detection introduced at first, then microfluidic chip technology was described for it promoted POCT hemocytometer greatly and the representative POCT blood cell counting equipment and related technical principles were analyzed in detail, finall the trends of POCT hemocytometer were pointed out in comprehensive and precision parameters, high environmen compatibility, small size, low cost and easy operation and maintenance [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the performance of point-of-care testing for cervical cancer and precancerous lesions screening. Methods: In September 2020, 197 and 273 women were selected by using simple random sampling method from "self-sampling" cohort and "physician-sampling" cohort established in Xiangyuan county, Shanxi Province, China, respectively. Cervical exfoliated cells were collected by women themselves or gynecologists. All samples were detected by POCT and women with positive result were directly referred for colposcopy. Subsequently, all the samples were detected by care HPV and PCR test. Colposcopy and punch biopsy were performed for women with POCT negative but care HPV or PCR test positive at another visit. Using histopathological diagnosis as the gold standard, we calculated sensitivity, specificity and drew the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The accuracy of POCT was analyzed and compared to that of care HPV and conventional PCR test in cervical cancer and precancerous lesions screening. Results: The median ( Q 1 , Q 3 ) age of 470 women was 51 (45, 57) years old. Based on self-sampling, the sensitivity and specificity of POCT for CIN2+ were 100.00% (95% CI : 56.56%-100.00%) and 28.95% (95% CI : 22.97%-35.76%), respectively. Compared with POCT, POCT HPV16/18 test had similar sensitivity and higher specificity of 89.47% (95% CI : 84.30%-93.08%). Self-sampling POCT HPV16/18 test had an AUC of 0.947 (95% CI :0.910-0.985), which was higher than that of care HPV and PCR test. Physician-sampling POCT test had 100.00% sensitivity (95% CI : 64.57%-100.00%) and 55.85% specificity (95% CI : 49.83%-61.70%) for detecting CIN2+. POCT HPV16/18 test had lower sensitivity (71.43%, 95% CI : 35.90%-91.76%) and higher specificity (92.45%, 95% CI : 88.63%-95.06%). POCT HPV16/18 test generally showed similar AUC on both self-collected samples and clinician-collected samples (0.947 vs 0.819, P =0.217). Conclusion: POCT HPV16/18 test is an effective method with relatively high sensitivity and specificity for cervical cancer screening.

Point-of-care testing (POCT) is a test method performed on the sampling site or patient bedside. Accurate results can be achieved rapidly by the application of portable analytical instruments and compatible reagents. It has been widely used in the field of in vitro diagnosis (IVD). Paper-based microfluidics technology has great potential in developing POCT due to its advantages in low cost, simple operation, rapid detection, portable equipment, and unrestricted application conditions. In recent years, the development of paper-based microfluidic technology and its integration with various new technologies and methods have promoted the substantial development of POCT technology and methods. The classification and characteristic of the paper are summarized in this review. Paper-based microfluidic sample pretreatment methods, the flow control in the process of reaction and the signal detecting and analyzing methods for the testing results are introduced. The research progress of various kinds of microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) toward POCT in recent years is reviewed. Finally, remaining problems and the future prospects in POCT application of paper-based microfluidics are discussed.

A 33 years old male patient who suffered from a flame burn of 88% total body surface area was admitted to our hospital on November 28th, 2016. During his hospitalization, we repeatedly performed central vein catheterization in internal jugular veins, subclavian veins, or femoral veins for fluid transfusion. We incidentally found bilateral internal jugular vein thrombosis by performing a point-of-care ultrasound examination before catheterizing sometime. We treated the patient by avoiding catheterization in the affected internal jugular veins, anticoagulating with low molecular weight heparin, closing the wounds with skin autografting, and guiding the patient to practice functional exercise. The thrombus disappeared in the end. The patient was cured and discharged 3 months post burn.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical value of a rapid respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) antigen detection in point-of-care testing (POCT). Method: A total of 209 specimens, including 78 throat swabs (TS) and 131 nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs), were collected from inpatients who visited the Children's Hospital Affiliated to the Capital Institute of Pediatrics and were diagnosed as acute respiratory infection from 5 January to 7 February, 2015. These specimens were tested for RSV by a rapid antigen detection kit which was compared with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and direct immunofluorescence assay (DFA) for RSV detection. Result: Compared with DFA for NPAs, the sensitivity and specificity of rapid antigen detection were 83.9% and 97.3%, respectively, with Kappa value of 0.86; Compared with RT-PCR, the sensitivity (NPAs, 74.2%; TS, 77.8%) and specificity (NPAs, 100.0%; TS, 92.0%) of rapid antigen detection were high, too, with Kappa value of 0.74 in NPAs and 0.62 in TS. However, the RSV positive rate of rapid antigen detection in TS (21.7%) from pediatric patients with acute lower respiratory tract infection was lower than that in NPAs (78.3%), as well as that of RT-PCR (7.3% in TS verse 78% in NPAs). The RSV rapid antigen detection kit can be finished in about 10 minutes. Conclusion: With characteristics of high specificity, high sensitivity, being rapid, efficient and easy to operate in comparison with DFA and RT-PCR, RSV rapid antigen detection in this study is suitable for POCT. For pediatric patients with acute respiratory tract infection, NPA was better than TS for RSV detection.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical correlation between the CardioChek PA analyzer (CCPA) and a clinical laboratory reference method to use for screening program purposes., Methods: Fasting blood samples were collected on 325 patients (age: 23-86 years). One venous sample was collected using a serum tube for the evaluation on a Beckman reference analyzer. A second venous sample was collected in a lithium heparin tube and was evaluated on the CCPA analyzer. Linear regression analyses and Bland-Altman method were performed for each measured analyte: total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C)., Results: Our results demonstrated a good clinical agreement for TC, HDL-C, TG and LDL-C(97.0%, 92.9%, 92.4% and 83.7%)in comparison with the CCPA to the reference analyzer. The correlation coefficients were 0.875, 0.813, 0.910, 0.864, respectively. P values all < 0.001. There was no significant difference in the detection rate of hyperlipidemia in TC, HDL-C and LDL-C., Conclusion: We have identified the pre-analytic phase as an important step to guarantee the quality of results and indicated that the CCPA is a reliable lipid point-of-care testing system that can be used for the application of clinical screening anywhere.

Based on the analysis of many problems in the process of pediatric biochemical testing, this paper summarizes the technical basis and advantages of POCT (point-of-care testing) mode, and introduces several applications of instant biochemical detector in pediatrics on POCT mode. The prospects of the POCT mode are discussed at the end.