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Copyright of Knowledge: International Journal is the property of Institute for Knowledge Management and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Univerzitetska Hronika is the property of Univerzitet U Travniku and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Issues in Ethnology Anthropology is the property of Issues in Ethnology Anthropology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Legal Thought / Pravna Misao is the property of Legal Thought / Pravna Misao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Legal Thought / Pravna Misao is the property of Legal Thought / Pravna Misao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Business entities, naturally motivated by making a bigger profit, as well as improving placement and disposal of the their product, are not allowed to make steps that will lead other business actors to a inferior position. There are three main forms of violating the law of competition, but for the needs of this paper main focus was put on the merger control of business entities. This proces can be achived in different ways and because of that, is followed by enormous number of specifities, which need to be taken in to considiration, that is to be percived in the right way and in many contexts, in order to correctly estimate it’s effect on the market structure. Consequently, national legislations are given clear procedures for merger control of business entities, and by that aspire for adequate and whole protection of the market and of all participants. Because Bosnia and Herzegovinais directly involved in the market of European Union, in the focus of this paper was put a detailed structural display, that is legislative and institutional frame for the law of competition and merger control of business entities in the European Union and Bosnia and Herzegovina. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Business Consultant / Poslovni Konsultant is the property of FINconsult Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Traffic is the largest source of noise pollution in urban areas and traffic generates approximately 80% of noise pollution. Thus, there are many regulations, guidelines, and laws in Bosnia and Herzegovina and across the region, adopted to reduce noise emissions and the negative effects of noise on people and the environment. This paper, in addition to general information about noise, presents relevant regulations and legal frameworks in the European Union and Bosnia and Herzegovina. It provides an analysis of the action plans, the relevant factors, and adopted measures for traffic noise protection. When designing noise protection barriers, many segments must be taken into account, such as the environment, geographical and meteorological characteristics of the terrain, infrastructure, type and purpose of the road, etc. The paper presents aspects that must be considered when selecting and designing noise protection barriers and how they may affect the safety of road users and users of surrounding buildings. These effects are analyzed on examples from the region and Bosnia and Herzegovina. Finally, the safety potential of noise protection barriers, which hasn't been sufficiently researched, still remains an open question. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Legal Thought / Pravna Misao is the property of Legal Thought / Pravna Misao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Proceedings of the Faculty of Economics & Business in Zagreb / Zbornik Ekonomskog Fakulteta u Zagrebu is the property of Ekonomski Fakultet u Zagrebu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Economy & Market Communication Review / Casopis za Ekonomiju i Trzisne Komunikacije is the property of Pan-European University Apeiron and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper seeks to provide an analysis of the applicable rules of the international jurisdiction of courts in disputes arising out of violations of individual rights due to acts of defamation set-out in European Union law, with a brief overview of the Law on Resolving Conflicts of Law With Regulations of Other Countries governing this area in Bosnia and Herzegovina. After having described what defamation is, it is necessary to analyze the provisions of Regulation (EC) no. 864/2007 on Jurisdiction, Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Judgments (Brussels Regulation I Recast). The caselaw jurisprudence developed by the Court of Justice of the European Union on the subject of defamation is also significant to understand. The paper also provides a brief overview of the pertinent legal provisions on international jurisdiction in the law of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The Law on Resolving Conflicts of Law and the Brussels I Recast are based on the general jurisdiction of the court according to the place of residence of the defendant. However, the Regulation also prescribes rules on special jurisdiction that can be established on several grounds, including cases of torts and quasitorts. In that sense, the practice of the Court of Justice of the European Union in determining the jurisdiction in defamation cases has given rise to the principle of mosaic and the principle of center of interest, which will be particularly discussed in the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper analyses the decisions and stands taken by European Union institutions (the General Court and the European Commission) regarding the issue of whether corporate tax exemptions or reductions for profit generated by the provision of economic activities granted to port managing bodies in Union public ports (port authorities) are State aid. The paper provides a comparative analysis of corporate income tax rules applicable to ports in European Union Member States covered by the decisions of European Union institutions. The Croatian legal framework applicable to seaports open to public transport and their fiscal regime is also presented. The possible consequences of the stances of European Union institutions in relation to the fiscal regime and the functioning of ports in the Republic of Croatia are additionally considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to explore the possibilities of protection of geographical indications marking traditional products in the European Union, especially after the entry into force of the Geneva Act of the Lisbon Agreement on Appellations of Origin and Geographical Indications. The current possibilities of protection at the international level serve as a starting point. The most significant changes brought about by the Geneva Act have been indicated in the paper and the consequences of the European Union accession to this international agreement have been analysed in detail. The research shows the advantages in terms of protection of geographical indications after the accession of the European Union to the Geneva Act only related to traditional agricultural and food products, whereas, for example, traditional handicrafts, souvenirs and other non-agricultural products do not benefit therefrom. Moreover, the results of the research show that while the European Union has managed to expand the policy of protection of geographical indications at a global level through the adoption of the Geneva Act, its position has been weakened by the fact that there is no sui generis system of protection of designations of origin and geographical indications for non-agricultural products in the European Union. The paper also analyses the advantages, disadvantages and limitations of the traditional products protection through the geographical indications protection marking them, and it emphasizes the importance of geographical indications protection for indigenous non-agricultural products (souvenirs) for tourist destinations such as the Republic of Croatia. The conclusion of the research supports the need for establishing a system of geographical indications protection for non-agricultural products at the European Union level in order to enable the protection of geographical indications for all traditional products in the European Union through the established system of international registration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Equality between men and women in the exercise of rights is one of the fundamental principles of the European Union, which is enshrined in the acts of primary legislation and in secondary legislation. However, the directive did not ensure full equality of fathers and mothers with regard to reconciling professional and family obligations, which was the reason for the adoption of the new Directive 2019/1158, which contains provisions aimed at striking a balance between work and family obligations, and which was adopted on 20 June 2019. This Directive repeals Council Directive 2010/18/ EU, that is, Member States have a period of time to comply with the new Directive within three years of its entry into force. In addition to the importance of involving the father in childcare at a young age, the paper also points to EU legal acts that regulate the reconciliation of fathers’ professional and family responsibilities. In addition, an overview of available data on the use of childcare leave by fathers is provided. The paper pays particular attention to existing solutions at EU level for the use of parental and paternity leave, comparing them to those contained in the new Directive 2019/1158. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the authors present the organization of school nutrition in the primary school in Croatia and in some European Union countries and presents the main findings of researches which explored the importance of school meals for all children, especially those of lower socioeconomic status. This paper points out that school meals have a positive effect on children's academic success, which reflects in better school performance, especially in mathematics and reading. The socializing role of the school meal is explained in terms of the contribution of school nutrition in learning social skills and bringing students closer. The paper emphasizes the health aspect of nutritionally balanced and healthy school meals, which refers to the prevention and alleviation of obesity of students and other chronic diseases. In particular, the social aspect of school meals is explained, which play a significant role in the prevention of child poverty and social exclusion, which was further demonstrated during the health crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the paper presents the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the distribution of school meals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Media, Culture & Public Relations is the property of Croatian Communication Association / Hrvatsko Komunikolosko Drustvo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sui generis is the property of Council of Ministers - Directorate for European Integration and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of the Faculty of Philosophy in Sarajevo / Radovi Filozofskog Fakulteta u Sarajevu is the property of Faculty of Philosophy in Sarajevo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Collected Papers of Zagreb Law Faculty / Zbornik Pravnog Fakulteta u Zagrebu is the property of Sveuciliste u Zagrebu, Pravni Fakultet and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sociology & Space / Sociologija i Prostor is the property of Institut za drustvena istrazivanja u Zagrebu (Institute for Social Research of Zagreb) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Collected Papers of the Faculty of Law in Split / Zbornik Radova Pravnog Fakulteta u Splitu is the property of Split Faculty of Law and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Legal Thought / Pravna Misao is the property of Legal Thought / Pravna Misao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Legal Thought / Pravna Misao is the property of Legal Thought / Pravna Misao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Social Sciences & Humanities Studies / Društvene i Humanističke Studije (DHS) is the property of Faculty of Humanities & Social Sciences, University of Tuzla and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Glasnik Zastite Bilja is the property of Zadruzna Stampa D.D. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Croatian Annual of Criminal Sciences & Practice / Hrvatski Ljetopis za Kaznene Znanosti i Praksu is the property of Hrvatsko Udruzenje za Kaznene Znanosti i Praksu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Croatian Annual of Criminal Sciences & Practice / Hrvatski Ljetopis za Kaznene Znanosti i Praksu is the property of Hrvatsko Udruzenje za Kaznene Znanosti i Praksu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Business Consultant / Poslovni Konsultant is the property of FINconsult Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Economy & Market Communication Review / Casopis za Ekonomiju i Trzisne Komunikacije is the property of Pan-European University Apeiron and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zagreb Law Review is the property of University of Zagreb Law School / Pravni fakultet Sveucilista u Zagrebu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

After the Second World War, Europe faced the question of what kind of political future to choose. Exactly five years after the end of the war, Robert Schuman proposed a declaration that opened the way for European integration: the European Community, later renamed the European Union, was created. This paper presents the circumstances of the creation of the Schuman Declaration and the vision that led him and other founding fathers to the realization of a completely new way of connecting European states. Three of the founding fathers of the European Community, Robert Schuman, Konrad Adenauer and Alcide de Gasperi, were devout Christians. In the paper, we show their understanding of the relationship between democracy, European integration and Christianity. According to Schuman, European institutions need a spirit, Europe needs a soul. What does this mean and how is it that only a few of the later European political leaders paid attention to this aspect? The last part of the article regards the efforts of Pope Francis to make Europe a place of peace and economic development, and furthermore, to strengthen the essence of its identity, encourage creativity and recognize its responsibility to its own nations and citizens, as well as responsibility to others in a globally connected world. The series of speeches by Pope Francis on Europe, including in the European Parliament, shows his closeness to the vision of Schuman and the founding fathers of the European Union on the one hand, and on the other hand, he directs attention to the present and the future.

Health care and social work, in Croatia and Europe, and especially in the United States, occupies a high place according to the areas of activity in which the largest number of injuries at work occurs, with a tendency to further growth. Add to this the fact that this activity generates an extremely large number of lost working days and financial losses for both the employer and the state, and over the last decade, a number of experts have paid special attention to this activity. To the extent that new technologies in health care have brought a number of advantages without which today's medicine in this form would not exist, on the other hand, in certain segments, a number of potential dangers have opened up for workers themselves. The aim of this paper, as the first of its kind in this form, was to present the safety indicators of employees of the Children's Hospital Zagreb, a central and unique institution for health care of children and adolescents in Croatia, and compare them with available indicators at the state, European Union and of the United States. In the twelve-year period, 113 injuries at work were recorded, of which 56.64% occurred at the place of work. Most of them were minor injuries (59.29%), and the largest share was related to sprains, strains, and sprains. The largest share of lost working time also related to injuries that occurred at the place of work. The clinic recorded 105 exposure incidents over a nine-year period. Needle-stick injuries generated the largest share (80.95%), and as a branch, nursing was the most affected (69.52%). The occupational disease was diagnosed in 16 people, almost all of whom were caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Legal Thought / Pravna Misao is the property of Legal Thought / Pravna Misao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Contemporary Issues / Suvremene Teme is the property of Centar za Politoloska Istrazivanja and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

EU member states are undergoing the process of economic and demographic transformation with significant influence on society and economy. In order to respond to the existing and future challenges, it is necessary to adapt development strategies and policies, as well as to focus on concepts such as innovation, social change, equality and sustainable development. In the new development strategy, EU will focus on creating a society that will function as a competitive, secure and energy-efficient system. Scientists, economic policy makers, nongovernmental organisations and entrepreneurs are showing an increasing interest in the field of social innovation, striving to address a series of contemporary challenges. The aim of this paper is to study the role and ways of fostering social innovations in the European Union. The contribution of this paper is reflected in the systematic review of the importance of social innovation and the measures used to foster them, while pointing out the existing obstacles and needs and recommendations for further development of social innovation in the context of global challenges that the EU is facing. The results of the research indicate the growing importance of social innovation in modern EU policies that actively promote the quintuple helix approach, recognizing sustainable development and innovation as key development priorities during the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Recommendations for further development of social innovation in the EU include the need to coordinate various EU instruments in this area, encourage investment in innovative education, training and employment programs in this area, increase awareness of social innovation, encourage networking and dissemination of information and create an enabling environment for their development. Also, the paper highlights the shortcomings in the field of measuring social innovation, as well as the need to address this challenge, in order to improve the understanding of their role, but also a more efficient allocation of incentives to them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Collected Papers of the Faculty of Law in Split / Zbornik Radova Pravnog Fakulteta u Splitu is the property of Split Faculty of Law and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The question is posed in this paper of what repercussions Brexit will have on maritime law and on the maritime industry of the European Union. This is because the Commercial Court in London has been dealing with disputes arising from the international carriage of goods by sea for centuries. Approximately 80% of all disputes before that Court and the Admiralty Court are maritime, shipping and shipbuilding disputes. Approximately 70% of such disputes are international. The majority of judges of the Commercial Court and of the Admiralty Court, as well as a substantial number of solicitors and barristers and court expert witnesses are specialised or have experience in shipping law. All this means that London has been and remains the dominant jurisdiction for resolving international shipping disputes. The pragmatic approach to the question of liability and allocation of risk in shipping ventures, and the detailed analysis of the specific circumstances of every case, among other things, make English court decisions unique. At the end of the UK exit negotiations on 31 December 2020, the Brussels I Recast, the Lugano Convention 2007, and Rome I and Rome II ceased to apply. These regulations and conventions deal with jurisdiction, recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments in civil and commercial matters among EU Member States and the law chosen by the parties. This means that the automatic recognition and enforcement of the English Commercial Court judgments by the courts in the European Union (and vice versa) has ended. In these circumstances, the question is whether shipping companies, marine insurance companies, shipyards and other marine industries in the European Union will continue to choose with confidence English law as the governing law of their contracts and English court jurisdiction for settling their shipping disputes. We believe that they will, especially because of the uniquely high level of certainty, clearness and predictability of English shipping law and English court decisions. Furthermore, because of the high level of understanding of the specifics of the maritime industry which has been provided by London to the maritime industries of the European Union and the world for centuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Proceedings of the Faculty of Economics & Business in Zagreb / Zbornik Ekonomskog Fakulteta u Zagrebu is the property of Ekonomski Fakultet u Zagrebu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Collected Papers of Zagreb Law Faculty / Zbornik Pravnog Fakulteta u Zagrebu is the property of Sveuciliste u Zagrebu, Pravni Fakultet and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zbornik Radova: Univerzitet 'Džemal Bijedić' u Mostaru, Ekonomski Fakultet is the property of Dzemal Bijedic University of Mostar, Faculty of Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Collected Papers of the Faculty of Law in Split / Zbornik Radova Pravnog Fakulteta u Splitu is the property of Split Faculty of Law and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Collected Papers of Zagreb Law Faculty / Zbornik Pravnog Fakulteta u Zagrebu is the property of Sveuciliste u Zagrebu, Pravni Fakultet and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Collected Papers of Zagreb Law Faculty / Zbornik Pravnog Fakulteta u Zagrebu is the property of Sveuciliste u Zagrebu, Pravni Fakultet and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Collected Papers of the Faculty of Law in Split / Zbornik Radova Pravnog Fakulteta u Splitu is the property of Split Faculty of Law and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the last fifty years, there has been a significant increase in plastic waste, which has become an increasing environmental problem due to uncontrolled dumping, with significant consequences on living ecosystems. Plastic is an important and ubiquitous material in the economy and everyday life, and nearly 26 million tonnes of plastic waste are generated annually in the countries of the European Union. About 30 % of this waste is recycled, a significant part is recovered for energy, and part is still disposed of in landfills. Recycling plastic waste preserves natural raw materials such as oil and natural gas, which are used to produce plastic materials, and reduces emissions into the environment and energy consumption. Under the Resource Efficient Europe Plan, plastic waste is recognised as an important raw material for the production of new products, and is one of the key raw materials in the transition to a circular economy. This paper presents general possibilities for recycling plastic waste. Based on the indicative examination results of the composition of separately collected plastic waste in Zagreb, an assessment of the possibility of its recycling is given. In the Republic of Croatia, plastic waste is a major problem since it is inadequately sorted, and therefore represents a significant financial burden for utility companies that manage it within public service of municipal waste collection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The European Union macro-regional strategies represent a policy framework that aims to enable EU Member States and third countries sharing common interests to better coordinate their potentials in order to make the best possible use of available opportunities. This paper looks into the specificities of four EU macro-regional strategies covering 19 European Union Member States and nine non-EU countries. Given the challenging situation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, it also considers the future perspectives of EU macro-regional strategies as well as their adaptability to new circumstances. More specifically, it focuses on intergovernmental initiatives and their implementation, underlying the importance of the application of the principle of subsidiarity. In addition, the aim of the paper is to provide a critical overview of the subject by highlighting two pivotal elements. First, it assesses whether the EU macro-regional strategies could be genuinely successful, given the fact that they do not have their separate allocation but use the existing funding instead. Second, it explores the ability of the EU macro-regional strategies to bridge wider EU-level policies on the one hand and local policies on the other. Finally, the idea of the paper is to offer an overview of the state of affairs when macro-regions are concerned.

In this paper, the authors enter into the issue of parliamentary development at the end of the twentieth century, as well as the contemporary tendencies of the relationship between parliament and the executive branch. The first part of the paper explains the problem of the legitimacy of the parliament through a theoretical analysis of the legitimacy of the government and the representation and participation of the people in that government. A brief look at the principle of separation of powers and its two basic models, the parliamentary and presidential systems, is followed by the overview of today's tendencies of the position and function of the parliament in the European Union. The first is a comparative overview of the former socialist states, and today full members of the European Union, which have all accepted the democratic achievements of the parliamentary system, of course to a greater or lesser extent, with certain oscillations. And then, since the parliamentary system is the dominant system of government in the European Union, its three variants in other European Union countries will be considered: 1) where, in relation to the parliament, the executive branch is strengthened in the person of the head of state, 2) where in relation to thr parliament the executive branch is strengthened in the face of the government or its president, and 3) where the parliament and the executive branch remain in balance.

In 2020 the European Commission presented its legislative package aimed to deal with new challenges for the internal market stemming from development on digital markets and alleged abuses and anticompetitive practices therein, including the Digital Markets Act (DMA). The aim of this paper is not to evaluate content of the DMA itself, but to evaluate the position of the DMA in the context of other market sector-oriented regulations , rules on unfair trade practices, competition rules as well as fitness of legal basis and observance of rule of law safeguards. As the DMA proposal departed from competition law legal basis enshrined in Art. 101 et seq. of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, it paved the way for the possibility to impose sanction under both regimes. This possibility of double sanctions and necessity for check of proportionality in all actions of the Commission as well as in imposition of fines constitute one of the most relevant shortcomings from the "constitutional" point of view of position of the DMA in the EU legal framework. As it is argued in this paper, without more synchronization with competition regulatory regimes, the DMA proposal contains elements that can, at the end of the day, diminish its legal effectiveness via subsequent judicial battles.

The main goal of this paper is to investigate the mechanisms of the influence of NGOs on public policy-making in Bosnia and Herzegovina after the signing of the Dayton Peace Agreement on December 14, 1995 in Paris. The sharp increase in the number of NGOs occurs immediately after the Dayton Accords, and according to some estimates, there were more than 1,500 at the time, which cannot be considered a large number when compared to the number of NGOs in other transition countries. Data from the Collective Register of Foundations and Associations in Bosnia and Herzegovina state that their total number is 25,646, while the number of actually active is difficult to determine. The literature so far has been presented from the non-governmental sector in Bosnia and Herzegovina to a significant extent for public policy making, as well as research results and these claims primarily based on the number of qualitative impact diaries of individual NGOs (case studies). This research paper aims at systematic research of the domain of influence of the non-governmental sector, through quantitative analysis of newly collected data on the influence of non-governmental organizations. The survey was proven at the local, cantonal, authorial and state level on a representative and stratified sample (10% - according to the statistical method) and was trained by the leadership and activists of non-governmental organizations and government officials (ministries and state administrative organizations). One of the main assumptions is that by successfully networking with organizations from neighboring EU member states, NGOs become a respectable actor in public policy-making in Bosnia and Herzegovina. In addition to quantitative analysis, this paper provides a detailed overview and theoretical analysis of civil society, NGO sector and public policies as well as a comparative insight into institutional and non-institutional mechanisms of NGO influence on public policy making in Bosnia and Herzegovina and their practical application in neighboring countries European Union. This paper contributes to a better understanding of the role of the non-governmental sector (association) in public advocacy and the analysis and comparison of current theories of the legal policy framework, structure, size, factors of development of the non-governmental sector. In addition, the paper contributes to the assessment of the current state of the mechanism of influence on the creation of public policy agendas in Bosnia and Herzegovina, the formulation of measures for internal structures and networking of NGOs and the definition of their number, structure and types. The problem of the research is reflected in the fact that the started processes of transformation and the unfinished process of transition of the Bosnian society and civil sector are, due to the war destructions, significantly slowed down. Changes in society in the pre-war phase created realistic preconditions for the development of the non-governmental sector and civil society in general, and provided a realistic basis for influencing the advocacy and creation of various public policies. In the post-war period, international donors invested heavily in the NGO sector. The subject of this research is the influence of the non-governmental sector on policy-making processes, through knowledge of institutional mechanisms, as well as the correlation of the non-governmental sector and public policies from the aspect of democracy development as an integral process in all its aspects. Given that this topic has previously been partially addressed in this context, through a systematic review of the problem and offering an adequate solution to the problem, it is necessary to re-examine the key issues. The key issues explored within this paper are how networking with neighboring EU Member States has a positive impact (has a positive association) on the importance of NGOs in advocating for public policies. In addition, the extent to which financial support from EU institutions has a positive impact on the importance of NGOs in advocating for public policies has been explored.