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In the introductory part of the paper, the most important explanations about the concept and nature of digital assets are given, serving as a guide in understanding the titled topic. The subsequent sections focus on some of the challenging practical issues related to it: whether digital assets can be a contribution to a company, can dividend be paid to shareholders in the form of digital assets, and what are the key conditions that companies must meet in order to provide digital asset services. The last lines of the paper summarize the findings and contain observations on the legal and practical potential of digital assets in the context of companies’ business operations, both in current and the times to come. The research is conducted from the perspective of basic group of regulations of the Republic of Serbia, i.e. provisions that are most relevant for the analysis of the aforementioned questions.

This article delves into the analysis of political communication between two Croatian political leaders, Prime Minister Andrej Plenković and President Zoran Milanović, through the prism of the infantilization of politics as part of the broader context of the infantilization of society. To achieve this, the article introduces selected theoretical theses on the infantilization of society and on how the expression of infantile (political) disgust, as a speech act, contaminates and pollutes the community. By employing Critical Discourse Analysis, the paper aims to illustrate how, in the case of these two politicians, the infantilization of politics is characterized by the replacement of political discourse with personal insults, witticism, affectation, and emotions such as disgust, occasionally intertwined with elements of narcissism. Exploring how their political discourse tends to be personalized and even celebritized, the paper shows how it further contributes to the overall infantilization of society.

This paper explores the influence of socio-economic status on the education performance of male and female students in Bosnia and Herzegovina, utilizing data from the 2018 Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). The study defines key terms such as education, socio-economic status, and international student assessments, emphasizing the significance of a quality educational system for societal development. By employing three models for science literacy, mathematics, and reading, the results indicate that parents' education and possession of cultural goods significantly impact student achievements. Students with higher-educated parents and who possess more books at home perform better in PISA tests. The gender variable however is found not to be statistically significant. The study emphasizes the significance of a "quiet study space", suggesting that students with such an environment achieve higher science test scores. While causality is not established, the analysis provides insights into the initial impact of socio-economic status on student achievements. The paper advocates for continued participation in international assessments project like PISA to monitor educational achievements and inform evidence-based policy making. The findings underscore practical implications for educational policymakers, and recommendations to enhance Bosnia and Herzegovina's educational system.

This paper investigates the multifaceted realm of interdisciplinarity in architectural education, examining historical and contemporary perspectives from institutions such as the Bauhaus, the Ulm School of Design, TU Delft, and the University of Zagreb Faculty of Architecture. Acknowledging the challenges posed by complex urban issues, the study underscores the imperative for interdisciplinary approaches in addressing economic, social, and ecological crises. By tracing the evolution of the concept, the paper distinguishes between disciplinary and interdisciplinary approaches, exploring key definitions of the concept. The paper concludes by highlighting ongoing efforts in educational institutions, reflected in various courses, workshops, and summer schools. Despite the limitations inherent in examining a handful of examples, the findings offer valuable guidance for educational institutions aspiring to embrace or enhance interdisciplinary approaches in architectural education. The insights draw attention to the importance of holistic, collaborative models in preparing future architects to navigate the complexities of our urban environments.

The subject of this paper is the development of a conceptual design proposal for the official residence for the President of Yugoslavia Josip Broz Tito on the Adriatic coast of Miločer, Budva (1975-1980). The research aims to unveil patterns of the regionalist approach within urban and architectural thought in the Socialist Republic of Montenegro (SR Montenegro) through the project of the presidential complex, shown here for the first time since its official presentation to the president himself in 1976. In methodological terms, the paper examines multiple layers of historical background of Miločer that affected the design­ers' process of thinking, followed by a clear-cut description of the planning procedures, methodologies and reasoning that emerged from the archives and the first-hand witnesses of the whole process. The final results reflect on the critical approach within the practice of the post-war generation of Montenegrin architects, successfully balancing between the poles of power-representation and contemporary architectural currents.

The emergence of business intelligence (BI) from advancements in information technology transforms vast amounts of company data into valuable information crucial for strategic decision-making. Numerous studies have shown that very little data is actually used in making strategic decisions, and their quality and comparability are often questionable. Questions of the usefulness of data and their analytical processing occupy an important area in business intelligence. For the purposes of this paper, the use of BI systems for analysis and reporting in public company Croatian Post was analysed. The aim of this research is to examine whether the application of the BI system in the sales network increases the efficiency of sales workers as a result of database management and analytical processing. The paper utilized data collected from the Sales Efficiency System (SES) regarding realized sales and sales efficiency of sales workers over a five-year period from 2018 to 2022, comparing them with data from 2017, i.e., the year preceding the introduction of the SES system. Sales realization per worker and per customer were used as indicators of sales efficiency. The findings reveal a significant increase in sales realization per worker and per customer following the implementation of the BI system in the sales network. Interpretations and implications of results are further discussed in the study. By shedding light on the benefits of BI system adoption in optimizing sales efficiency, this research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on the utilization of information technology in enhancing organizational performance.

Water is one of the major fluids associated with the operational cycle of the oil industry that must be carefully considered due to its environmental, treatment facility, and economic impacts. Over the years, various methods have been developed to identify excessive water production. These methods range from reliable and expensive ones, such as well-logging records, to less accurate methods that utilize available production and water-oil ratio data, such as the Chan plot. The Chan plot emphasizes that well production can exhibit various patterns of excessive water production, including constant water-oil ratios, normal displacement, channeling, and coning. However, manual interpretation of these plots is often confusing due to the noise present in the actual data. Machine learning models have improved interpretation accuracy, but limitations remain in detecting evolving water production patterns. This paper reviews the application of Chan plots and their integration with existing diagnostic tools for diagnosing excessive water production. It then focuses on a recent advanced model that leverages machine learning specifically designed to improve the interpretation of Chan plots. The review highlights the limitations of traditional interpretation techniques and explores how the recent advanced model can address these limitations. Additionally, the paper briefly discusses the potential of an interactive model for the continuous monitoring of water production patterns. Finally, the paper offers recommendations for future research directions.

Hrotsvit of Gandersheim sees music and arithmetic as parts of philosophy. Presenting the motives for engaging in literary creativity and describing her writing process, she says that by glorifying God with her work, she incorporated threads and pieces of the ancient mantle of philosophy into it. The paper aims to provide insight into Hrotsvit’s knowledge of philosophy and the specificities and significance of her approach to the contents of the disciplines of arithmetic and music (in particular to musica humana and the harmony of a world) in her plays Paphnutius and Sapientia, to analyze different elements of her authorial self-perception and to emphasize the similarities between her and Augustine’s understanding of music, and the role of certain types of writing. The paper concludes that Hrotsvit incorporated her knowledge and understanding of ancient and medieval theories of music and numbers into her plays uniquely, showing originality in their interpretation and merging them with everyday moral life and education. In this way, the rarely treated philosophical elements of her oeuvre are presented and evaluated.

The paper is based on a research of more than 200 catechists from a total of five southern (arch)dioceses. The aim of the study was to examine the susceptibility of catechists to work-related burnout, to investigate their perception of the level of social support and to examine which topics they wish to address at professional meetings. The catechists participated in the research on voluntary and anonymous bases during the 2023 conference organized the Education and Teacher Training agency, the Catholic Faculty of Theology at the University of Split and five (arch)diocesan catechetical offices. The obtained results were analysed individually, collecting data on self-assessment of workrelated burnout and social support provided by the relevant headmaster, catechetical office and spouse of the respondent. The results were presented in an anonymous and collective manner. Methods of descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Based on the results of the research, it is evident that the catechists in five southern (arch) dioceses do not display worrying levels of work-related stress and that they feel they receive a satisfactory level of social support from their relevant headmasters, catechetical offices and spouses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI), penetrating nearly every aspect of human life, from culture and arts to education, healthcare, social issues, economics, politics, and daily life, presents new challenges and opportunities. However, it also carries significant risks with far-reaching consequences. Beyond facilitating daily activities and enhancing the quality of life, AI could pose threats to privacy, mental health, and family relationships, exacerbate social and economic inequalities, and potentially be misused in surveillance and military applications, thereby leading to tragic outcomes for the humanity and the planet. In its role as Mother and Teacher, the Church cannot remain indifferent when a new vision of humanity is being forged and the future of Earth and mankind is shaped. Recognising her role in the rapidly changing world of technology and AI, the Church underscores the responsible use of technology aligned with the Divine will and for the benefit of all humanity, particularly those in the greatest need and the most impoverished. The paper showcases the scenarios of AI development and the importance of ethical guidelines for all participants in this process, and how Church teachings from Saint John Paul II, Pope Benedict XVI, to Pope Francis, as well as various Vatican institutions, respond to the new ethical challenges posed before the humanity by AI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Goal. The goal of the research was to determine how do users evaluate services and work practices in the National and University Library in Zagreb (NUL) after the measures for COVID-19. Considering the conceptual and methodological controversies in previous research on user satisfaction, the results were interpreted using market segmentation technique as an analytical framework, and could be used to improve the managing process of providing services to users. Approach/methodology/design. In this research, the respondents were segmented according to the criteria for a particular group of users of NUL and according to the data that the respondents provided during registration (students, researchers, citizens, etc.). Methodology used in this paper is survey research based on a questionnaire. The research was conducted from April 27 to May 7, 2022. In addition to the quantitative analysis, which is based on the analytical framework of market segmentation, answers from the open part of the questionnaire were processed using the method of content analysis. At the same time, the set analytical matrix is defined by the following criteria: a) area/topic of comments, b) group of respondents, c) value assessment. The results. Highlighted results were that 80% of respondents gave highest marks to the library staff, i.e. rated them as excellent (49.4%) or very good (30.6%). More than half of the respondents (59.9%) strongly felt the negative impact of epidemiological measures during the COVID-19 pandemic on the quality of their use of NUL materials and services. One fifth of respondents (19%) failed to adapt to work under such measures and suff ered as a result, and expressed their dissatisfaction. Practical use. The results of the research can help the National and University Library in Zagreb in the processes of systematic quality management and serve as guidelines for the correction of existing practices. In addition, and with consideration to the controversies related to the meaningful operationalization of user satisfaction testing, the applied research design can serve as a model for future research on this concept. Originality/value. The research results indicated the applicability of the market segmentation technique as an analytical framework in user satisfaction research and confirmed the importance of examining the qualitative dimension of user satisfaction through an in-depth analysis of content. In this way it is possible to gain insight into attitudes and satisfaction by service groups and user groups, which makes it easier to see the good sides of library work as well as possibilities for improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Goal. The aim of this paper is to explore and present fundamental characteristics of Croatian publishing during the 1990s, with emphasis on the state and political changes and economic challenges of that time. Methodology. In order to depict Croatian publishing during the 1990s, available relevant literature was analyzed, along with accessible primary resources, while interviews were conducted with eight subjects, publishers and booksellers active during that period. Primary resources encompassed official documents from the State Bureau of Statistics and Reports on the conducted audits of transformation and privatization at the State Audit Office. Results. During 1990s Croatian publishers faced challenges of transformation and privatization, while global publishing challenges of the period, such as digitalization of business, took a back seat. According to opinions expressed by interviewed publishers and booksellers, unresolved issues from that period (e.g. the collapse of the bookstore network) greatly influenced today's publishing market. Document analysis and conducted interviews also indicated a reduction in the scope of publishing activities and highlighted other issues of that observed period (e.g. introduction of VAT on books, decrease in purchasing power, etc.). Limitations. As analyzed materials give only a rough picture of the state of Croatian publishing at the time, research conclusions should not be generalized. Value. The issues concerning the establishment of Croatian publishing and bookselling are poorly researched, hence this work is innovative in many aspects and provides insights that can stimulate further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last few years, we are witnessing a resurgence of populist radical rightwing parties all over Europe as well as in Croatia. In the 2020 parliamentary elections in Croatia, populist radical right parties achieved the best overall result since the Croatian independence. However, in Croatian scientific bibliography there are very few studies regarding that topic. The aim of the paper is to examine the geography of support for the Homeland Movement, the strongest populist radical right party in Croatia. The research is based on the comparison between the results of four statistical methods (OLS, LISA, GWR, MGWR). Results have shown limitations of global models and benefits of employing multiscale and geographically weighted models. Analysis points to COVID-19 vaccination rate followed by religiosity as the most vital factors explaining the voting for the Homeland Movement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered a shift in global thinking and brought about new and specific behavioural patterns worldwide. The pandemic period was largely focused on the global health crisis, leading to the neglect of certain pre-pandemic circular values. In prioritizing the health of their citizens, many countries and governments reverted to linear economies. Furthermore, the world population witnessed a rapid increase in the consumption of certain pharmaceuticals, an (over)emphasis on personal hygiene and the use of disinfectants, and a surge in the demand for disposable plastics due to reduced human contact. While some industries experienced temporary shutdowns, others operated with increased intensity. Overcrowding in healthcare facilities coupled with inadequate disposal of medical waste and hospital wastewater, has inflicted a specific blow to global ecosystems. Consequently, an unexpectedly large quantity of various pharmaceuticals, personal care products, single-use plastics, personal protective equipment, and hazardous and non-hazardous medical waste has found its way into the environment. Therefore, it is crucial to consider the broader environmental consequences of pandemic-related behaviour and devise suitable solutions to prevent and reduce pandemic-induced environmental pollution. Certain pandemic-related behaviours need changing, existing damage requires remediation, and global production should be directed toward newer and more sustainable technologies. This paper provides a brief overview of the consequences of the global health crisis on the biosphere, and outlines perspectives for addressing encountered problems and mitigating future disasters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this paper is to raise awareness of how cherry pits can cause bowel obstruction in patients with colon cancer. Case report: A 68-year-old male presented to the emergency department with a history of constipation and left paraumbilical pain. A standing abdominal x-ray revealed air-fluid levels in the small and large bowel suggestive of ileus, and the CT scan confirmed the dilation of the small and large bowel with air-fluid levels and a stenosing neoplasm in the descending colon. The narrow, irregular lumen of the tumor was obstructed by a round foreign body. The CT scan showed a hypodense oval center and hyperdense shell consistent with a cherry pit. A surgical opening was made in the abdominal wall and a segment of the bowel was extracted (anus praeter), and the patient was discharged after recovery. Two months later, the patient was readmitted to the surgical department, and a planned surgery was performed after preoperative evaluation. However, peritoneal carcinomatosis was found intraoperatively, and the planned radical procedure was abandoned. He was referred to the Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology where he received chemotherapy cycles. The following year in September, the patient returned for the 12th cycle application. He felt well and was discharged with the recommendation to continue his current therapy. Conclusion: Bowel obstruction caused by a cherry pit is a rare condition but should be included in the differential diagnosis in patients with risk factors such as colon cancer. Colon cancer is a serious disease that requires careful nutrition and bowel management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As we grow, we experience numerous changes in our lives that apply equally to men and women, young and old, rich and poor. At the same time, our leisure preferences are also evolving. We try new activities and some of them remain activities for a lifetime, others stay with us only for a certain time. Advances in leisure and recreation are notable for expanded recreational opportunities, particularly for various subgroups of society. The paper discusses sociocultural factors that influence personal values of free time and participation in contemporary society, such as age, gender, sexual orientation, and socioeconomic status. The intention is to point out selected socio-cultural factors that influence the content and quality of free time of individuals in today's society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The tourism sector has the potential to contribute significantly to economic growth. In addition to the systematic support and promotion of tourism, it is necessary to know the factors that influence its development at both regional and national level. The aim of this paper is to analyse the significant social indicators in relation to the number of overnight stays at the level of the Prešov Self-Governing Region for the period 2001 - 2019 (before the Covid-19 pandemic). Based on the results of the correlation analysis (1st stage of the research) a significant relationship of the number of overnight stays with the social indicators was confirmed at the regional level: the economically active population with and without primary education, the number of students, the number of days of the average duration of 1 case of incapacity for work. The results of the research show a heterogeneous development of the studied social indicators in the period under study. At the same time, we note their degressive influence on the number of overnight stays. The simple linear regression model used reaches lower predictive values at the regional level, but the influence of the identified factors is not insignificant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Czech Republic is in the first place in beer consumption in the world, in 2023 this consumption amounted to 143 l/per person, beer culture and tradition is very deeply rooted here. Since 2010, there has been a significant increase in the number of microbreweries in the Czech Republic and an expansion of home brewing. Production of microbreweries represents for about two and half percent of the total production of the Czech Republic. As the number of microbreweries grows, so does the competitive pressure in this segment. What tools of mass marketing communication are the most important for microbrewery owners in connection with competitiveness is the area that this paper deals with. The research took place in 2023, the data was obtained by the questionnaire survey method, using electronic questioning within the entire research sample, 551 microbreweries as of 31 December 2022. The return of the questionnaire was 37%, surveyed sample consists 208 microbreweries. According to the research results, the most important tools of marketing communication in connection with the competitiveness of microbreweries from the researched group are advertising in the regional press, posters and advertising on the websites of other organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main goal of this work is to investigate and analyze the causes of extraordinary events in railway traffic. The purpose of the work is to identify the main causes of the occurrence of extraordinary events so that possible corrective actions result in a maximum increase in the safety of railway traffic. The results of the research are based on secondary data on the causes of extraordinary events on the tracks of Croatian Railway Infrastructure for the period from 2014 to 2019. Scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, methods of descriptive statistics and the Pareto chart were used in the work. The main finding of this paper points to the conclusion that reckless or malicious actions of other persons and technical defects in infrastructure subsystems or vehicles of the infrastructure manager are responsible for 83.7% of extraordinary events on the tracks of Croatian Railway Infrastructure, i.e. more than all other causes combined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of MESO is the property of Zadruzna Stampa D.D. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

More quickly than in the past, the digital world of today is bringing with it new challenges for children, adolescents, and youth, as well as for their parents and guardians, virtually every day. Children, adolescents, and youth use digital technology, i.e. devices, applications, and media, on a daily basis for a variety of reasons and activities, and the use is having positive and negative effects on their development and well-being. With the development of new research methodologies and theoretical frameworks, we are beginning to understand more and more how digital technology use affects development and well-being. Thus, the purpose of this special issue was to bring together current knowledge about how digital technology use shapes the lives of children, adolescents, and youth, and offer perspectives on the future direction of much-needed work. We hope that we have succeeded in this and that this special issue offers readers an interesting insight into this area. This special issue is a collection of 11 scientific papers, one of which is a review paper, describing studies done in Croatia, Sweden, Slovenia, and Norway. The issue features papers that used different methodological approaches and samples of participants from different countries. The papers in the issue are organized chronologically, with the last two papers describing studies done with parents as one of the closest physical ecological environments for preschool children. The first part of the issue is dedicated to the five studies done with adolescents. Kotrla Topić et al. paper describes a two-wave longitudinal study done with early adolescents in Croatia with the aim of exploring how engagement in different activities using digital technology predicts changes in adolescents’ subjective wellbeing. Jokić et al. examined the relationships between time spent using digital technology, loneliness, and well-being among three nationally representative cohorts of adolescents in Croatia. Knežević and Erceg examined the relationship among Instagram use, general self-esteem, envy, and the need for relatedness in a sample of Croatian middle adolescents. Pahljina-Reinić et al.'s paper depicts the prevalence and stability of achievement goal profiles among adolescents in Croatia in relation to their experience with digital technologies in educational settings using a longitudinal, person-oriented approach. Olander et al. explored Swedish children and adolescents’ experiences of physical activity and apps, with a focus on the effects of behavior change techniques using qualitative methodology. The middle part of the issue is dedicated to the three studies done with youth, namely university students. Žulec Ivanković et al. explored the effects of media pressure on appearance satisfaction in a sample of Croatian young women. Martinac Dorčić et al. described a study done with youth in Croatia on the relationship between social media use, digital stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms. Fabijanić et al. explored how support in the offline world and some aspects of the use of social networks predict loneliness among university students in Croatia. The last part of the issue features a review study and two studies done with parents. Dodaj et al. wrote a theoretical review on sexting, namely definition, types, motivation, prevalence, theoretical explanations, determinants, and consequences of sexting behavior. Seršen et al. explored parents’ views on quality programs for children, mediation practice, and common reasons to allow preschool children media exposure. Ables et al. examined the question of how parents with young children living in Norway perceive their phone usage based on the data collected by interviews with parents. All in all, the findings of the papers in this issue indicate that the use of digital technologies among adolescents can have both positive and negative effects on wellbeing, which is important for interpreting the effects considering different activities and purposes of use. The findings suggest that overuse of digital technology has mainly negative effects on well-being. Furthermore, the findings imply the existence of individual differences related to digital technology use. The findings can also inform the creation and implementation of physical activity apps. Furthermore, when youth are the focus, the findings suggest that exposure to media may have negative, although small, effects on self-image and mental health, but also that the effects are nonexistent or, better stated, not captured with the current methodology. The findings advise future research on sexting, which is becoming prevalent among adolescents and youth. To finish, results point to different parent-oriented motives for allowing preschool children to enter a digital environment. To conclude, virtual ecosystems and their characteristics are changing every day, and more research is needed on the long-term effects of living in a virtual microsystem using advanced, more person-oriented methodologies within theoretical frameworks that need to be developed soon. We would like to thank all the authors who have contributed to this special issue and all the reviewers for their useful suggestions. We would also like to thank the editor-in-chief and the entire editorial board for their help and support.