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Even though adoption is considered to be the best form of childcare for children without parental care, it should also be borne in mind that the adoption process brings forth some specific challenges for the adopted children to face. Depending on the experiences which preceded the beginning of the adoption process, some of the fundamental challenges that follow the beginning of the adoption process are the act of separation from the biological parents of the children, the experience of loss and of separation anxiety, having troubles forming a healthy attachment style to the new parent fi e and any identity issues that could emerge. This research paper will follow the different theoretical and empirical knowledge about what can aff the shaping of the social and individual identity of the adopted child, especially during adolescence and puberty. One of the primary focuses of this research paper will be the international transethnic adoption, because with this kind of adoption identity confusion is much more common, as the physical and cultural differences between the adopter and adoptee are conspicuous. Furthermore, the adoptees oftentimes experience prejudices and discrimination as a product of their surroundings during the transethnic adoption process. In this research paper, it is also noted that adopted children develop their identity through the integration of their past and present experiences and they need an understanding and supportive environment to do so. Those children who have adopted a secure attachment model in their relationship with their adoptive parents and have openly discussed the topic of their biological parents and adoption have more success in creating a positive image of themselves and their identity. The conclusion of the paper mentions how important it is for the adoptees to have a source of both formal support and the support of their adoptive parents in the process of fi themselves and their identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the authors present the organization of school nutrition in the primary school in Croatia and in some European Union countries and presents the main findings of researches which explored the importance of school meals for all children, especially those of lower socioeconomic status. This paper points out that school meals have a positive effect on children's academic success, which reflects in better school performance, especially in mathematics and reading. The socializing role of the school meal is explained in terms of the contribution of school nutrition in learning social skills and bringing students closer. The paper emphasizes the health aspect of nutritionally balanced and healthy school meals, which refers to the prevention and alleviation of obesity of students and other chronic diseases. In particular, the social aspect of school meals is explained, which play a significant role in the prevention of child poverty and social exclusion, which was further demonstrated during the health crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the paper presents the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the distribution of school meals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Language is a highly important social element that affects its actors, and as such is a noteworthy indicator of whether and to what extent gender equality is represented in a particular society. This paper is researching gender sensitive language with a focus on the legal framework for its use in Bosnia and Herzegovina. At the outset of this paper, we defined gendersensitive language and gave the explanation why its usage in official and unofficial language is significant. Furthermore, the legal framework for the use of gender-sensitive language in Bosnia and Herzegovina is reviewed with a focus on the work of B&H experts in the field of linguistics, and we analysed the instructions on the use of gender-sensitive language used by institutions in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The aim of this paper is to elaborate the concept of gender-sensitive language, why it is an important part of every society when it comes to gender equality and how the use of gender sensitive language in Bosnia and Herzegovina is standardized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the notion of applicability of legal norms based on the analysis of the existing legal literature in the field of legal theory and legal philosophy. Through four main units, the concept and types of applicability, its relation to other properties of legal norms, criteria of applicability, and finally, the systems of applicable norms and their relation to the legal system are discussed. The applicability criteria are demonstrated using examples from the field of criminal law; their legal nature is being explained, their functions, and structure. Most of the examples used in this paper are from Croatian legislation and Constitutional Court Case-Law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Poverty is a widespread structural and social problem whose definition depends on the social and individual context and on the one who defines it. Considering that there are several theories, definitions and methods of measuring poverty and related concepts, in this paper we will define poverty conceptually and theoretically in more detail, as well as the specific poverty of children. Since many studies have shown that poverty can significantly threaten the well-being of children and limit their life opportunities and outcomes in the future, we will explain child poverty and its negative effects in the context of various consequences. However, poverty as a risk factor does not necessarily lead to unfavorable consequences, and we will consider protective factors in the context of child poverty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]