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The development of the coal cutter has resulted in the use of similar machines for cutting horizontal and vertical cuts in the excavation of dimension stone. Today, chainsaw machines represent modern machines in a surface and underground exploitation, and they are used in low to medium abrasive and soft to medium hard rocks. An effective way of surface exploitation is achieved by combining chainsaw machine and diamond wire saw. With the introduction of chainsaws, preconditions for the underground exploitation of dimension stone were created. The efficiency of a chain cutter depends on the correct choice of machine's constructional and operational parameters, cutting elements as well as the conditions and methods of exploitation in a certain type of rock. This paper analyzes the efficiency of chainsaw cutting machines and their application in surface and underground exploitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper are presented also approved authors of known deposits of dimension stone in Herzegovina, where research and exploitation are currently being conducted. The location of the deposits is shown on the topographic map using the Bentley Microstation program. The compilation geological map was developed by processing the basic geological map sheets (OGK, M1: 100 000), in order to examine the active sites of dimension stone and favorable geological structures for starting new research. From the author's opus and from the network data, there are several distinctive types of rock exploited as dimension stones, known to us and in the world. The presented deposits and the use of some types of stone in the construction of exclusive facilities both in Croatia and in the world, indicate that there is great potential in the Herzegovina area, which in economic terms can be a significant factor in development. The fact that in the past decade the number of active quarries has doubled and stone exploitation is so intensified that annual production has increased several times, especially in the last five years. Contemporary exploitation of dimension stone is performed with highly productive technologies for surface and underground shutters. Such exploitation represents a massive excavation of rocks, of which only one part of the rock that is most compact is used as an dimension stone. Because of the geological conditions in the deposit, the proportion of excavated rock of 70% and more is a rock residue that is deposited in the environment or at best used as a raw material for technicalbuilding stone. Today in classical exploitation of dimension stone, sophisticated cutting machines are used to produce geometrically correct blocks whose market value is higher than irregular rocks. However, due to the high cost of exploitation per product unit, economic justification of utilization and smaller, irregular rocks for local construction are required. Particularly this concerns the construction of building objects in Herzegovina where the excavation can be performed by a classical method of exploitation of dimension stone and the excavated stone can be processed and used for the construction of objects as indigenous material. Likewise, behind the exploitation remains a large amount of stone remnant that can be used as a carbonate raw material for industrial use, which may sometimes exceed the value of dimension stone. The principle of sustainable development must be respected, where integral approaches value the value of all found mineral raw materials with the utmost care of the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Owing to its great geological diversity, the area of Central Bosnia offers great opportunities in the field of exploration and exploitation of decorative stone. Today when dimension stone is increasingly applied in architecture and construction, it is necessary to use the opportunities that are offered. The paper briefly presents deposits of dimension stone in the area of Central Bosnia, from Romanija and Kladanj in the east to the Jajce in the west. It covers the deposits that are currently exploited, abandoned deposits, as well as some promising sites in which exploitation could be started with appropriate geological investigations. Of the types of stone that can be used for these purposes, limestone breccia, travertine limestone and travertine are currently being exploited. Marble, gabbro, gabbrodiorite and amphibolite were exploited earlier. A possibility of using some other stones for these purposes in this area should also be examined. In these days, continuous exploitation is performed in two quarries, Hresa (limestone breccia) and Divicani (travertine limestone). In Prusac, the quarry of limestone that is used as aggregate, a by-product of the exploitation is travertine. Test exploitation of limestone breccia started on the deposits Crvene Stijene and Poljane in the vicinity of Jajce. On some deposits, exploitation was stopped for various reasons. These are the deposits of amphibolite Stupcic I and Seliste in Vijaca near Vares, the deposit of gabbro and gabbro-diorite Stajiste and the deposit of marble Dolovi - Begova Brezovaca in the municipality of Novi Travnik, as well as the deposit of marbled limestone Panje in the area of the municipality of Gornji Vakuf - Uskoplje. At the open pit of brown coal Moscanica near Zenica, residents of the village of the same name have been using soft lacustrine limestone from the roof of coal bed in stone masonry for their own needs for decades now. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper will present the most significant deposits of dimension stone in the Republic of Croatia and shortly point out the specifics that determine methods of their opening and development, or exploitation. Some examples of underground exploitation of dimension stone in the Republic of Croatia and in the world will be presented in the end. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The history of processed stone usage on the territory of Bosnia dates back even before the Ancient period. Throughout the Antiquity, Middle Age and Turkish rule, the most enduring cultural and historical monuments were built of stone. The Austro-Hungarian period represents beginning of modern way of exploiting and using stone in our country. At that time stone from Bosnia begins to export to many European countries. In the decades after World War II, intensive geological explorations have begun, with the goal of finding deposits of a good quality architectural and construction stone. As a result of these activities, new quarries were opened and production was increased. "Bihacit", "Hresha", "Romanit" become famous stone brands throughout the former Yugoslavia. At the beganning of the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina (1992-1995), the exploitation and the processing industry of architectural and construction stone cease to work on the territory of Bosnia. After the war, some quarries gradually renewed production. New quarries are opening. Some survive on the market, and some of them not. Nowadays, on the territory of Bosnia there are seven quarries of architectural and construction stone. Some others are in the process of opening. On these quarries exploited are following rocks: limestones, gabbro, carbonate breccias and freshwater limestones. In order to survive on the market, it is necessary to modernize the processes of exploitation and processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering the fact that dimension stone is a highly valuable mineral resource and the fact that it is necessary to dig out several times larger quantity of accompanying sediments per unit of product, improving the exploitation of deposits of dimensions stone is imposed as an imperative to mining engineers, experts and investors dealing with exploitation and processing of dimension stone. In modern exploitation of dimension stone, it is implicit to adapt to existing natural conditions prevailing in the deposit. Improvement of deposit exploitation is limited by natural conditions prevailing in the deposit. The only possibility of additional increase in exploitation of dimension stone deposits is external action (intervention) on the intact stone massif. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]