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Ovaj rad pregled je znanstvenih radova koji istražuju i proučavaju siromaštvo i njegove utjecaje. Cilj rada je spoznati kako siromaštvo u dječjoj dobi utječe na životne prilike u odrasloj dobi. Problem siromaštva prepoznat je kao višeznačan fenomen koji utječe na različite aspekte života. Jedan od aspekata siromaštva je i dječje siromaštvo koje je aktualan problem. Dječje siromaštvo utječe na daljnje životne prilike u odrasloj dobi na što se ovaj rad posebno osvrće. Utjecaj dječjeg siromaštva na životne prilike u odrasloj dobi prikazan je kroz posljedice na zdravlje, posljedice na obrazovanje i mogućnosti zapošljavanja te kroz rizik od siromaštva u odrasloj dobi. Pregledom literature spoznato je da odrastanje u siromaštvu negativno utječe na psihofizičko zdravlje te da djeca odrasla u siromaštvu imaju lošije obrazovne rezultate od ostalih vršnjaka. Lošiji obrazovni rezultati često znače smanjenu mogućnost zapošljavanja ili rad na slabije plaćenim poslovima što može biti rizik za život u siromaštvu u odrasloj dobi., This paper is an overview of scientific articles and research that are studying poverty and its effects. The purpose of this paper is to find how poverty in childhood affects later life chances. Poverty is recognized as an ambiguous phenomenon which has an impact on different aspects of life. Childhood poverty has long-term effects on life chances and this problem is the focal point of this paper. Effects of childhood poverty on the life of a grown-up person are shown through consequences on health, education, employability and lastly trough risk of continuing poverty in adulthood. Results of reviewing the literature showed that childhood poverty has negative effects on psychophysical health and that children who grew up in poverty have lower education than their peers. Lower education is often connected with working in low-wage jobs or the risk of becoming unemployable which can later lead to poverty in adulthood.

U radu se razmatra na koji bi način trebalo klasificirati Ivana Supeka s obzirom na njegova etička shvaćanja. Ponuđeni odgovor koji se nastoji potkrijepiti glasi da bi ga trebalo klasificirati kao utilitarista ili barem kao vrlo bliskog utilitarizmu. U radu se analizira veći broj tvrdnji iz Supekovih različitih spisa i uspoređuje ih se s paradigmatičnim tvrdnjama istaknutih utilitarista od Johna Stuarta Milla do Petera Singera. Ispostavlja se, primjerice, da je Supek smatrao da su posljedice važne za procjenu naših postupaka, da je Kantova etika nepogodna za rješavanje konkretnih moralnih dilema, da se univerzalnost etike može postići samo ako uključuje i element racionalnosti i element osjećajnosti, te da solidarnost – u smislu dužnosti pomaganja – mora od privrženosti našoj neposrednoj zajednici biti proširena na sve ljude. Ove i mnoge druge tipično utilitarističke tvrdnje snažno upućuju prema zaključku da je Supek bio privržen nekoj vrsti utilitarizma. U radu se razmatraju i dva moguća prigovora tezi o Supekovu utilitarizmu: prigovor da je Supek sebe smatrao humanistom, a ne utilitaristom te prigovor da je on utilitarizam na više mjesta otvoreno kritizirao. Prvi prigovor nije poguban za tezu o Supekovu utilitarizmu jer humanizam i utilitarizam dijele velik broj središnjih obilježja. Drugi prigovor također nije poguban jer Supekova se kritika utilitarizma, kao što pokazuje dodatna analiza njegovih spisa, temeljila na njegovom relativno slabom poznavanju nekih složenijih pojedinosti iz tradicije utilitarističke etike., The paper discusses how Ivan Supek should be classified when it comes to his ethical views. The answer offered and sought to corroborate is that he should be classified as a utilitarian or at least as very close to utilitarianism. The paper analyzes a number of claims from Supek’s various writings and compares them with the paradigmatic claims of prominent utilitarians from John Stuart Mill to Peter Singer. It turns out, for example, that Supek believed that consequences are significant in evaluating our actions, that Kant’s ethics is unsuitable for resolving concrete moral dilemmas, that the universality of ethics could only be achieved if it included elements of both rationality and empathy, and that solidarity – in terms of the duty to help – from commitment to our immediate community should extend to all people. These and many other typically utilitarian claims strongly point towards the conclusion that Supek was committed to some version of utilitarianism. The paper also discusses two possible objections to the thesis of Supek’s utilitarianism: the objection that Supek considered himself a humanist and not a utilitarian and the objection that he openly criticized utilitarianism in several places. The first objection is hardly fatal to the thesis of Supek’s utilitarianism because humanism and utilitarianism share a large number of central features. The second objection is also hardly fatal because Supek’s critique of utilitarianism, as it is shown by an additional analysis of his writings, was based upon his relatively poor knowledge of some more intricate details of the tradition of utilitarian ethics.

Rad nudi pregled prirode sekstinga među adolescentima s jasnim određenjem sekstinga, njegove rasprostranjenosti, motivima sekstinga i posljedicama. Pregledom literature vidljivo je kako se seksting definira kao slanje, primanje i razmjena seksualno eksplicitnih sadržaja (tekstualnih poruka, fotografija ili videozapisa). Posljednjih godina seksting postaje sve popularniji način komunikacije među adolescentima. Kao motivi upuštanja u seksting navode se flert, želja za intimnosti i uzbuđenjem, privlačenje pažnje, nagovaranje partnera na seksting, želja za iniciranjem seksualne aktivnosti i dosada. Posljedice sekstinga uobičajeno se ogledaju u niskom samopouzdanju, povećanom stresu, simptomima depresije, anksioznosti i rizicima suicida. U literaturi često nailazimo na negativne ishode sekstinga (anksioznost, depresija, prekomjerna upotreba alkohola), dok pozitivni ishodi sekstinga (normativno seksualno ponašanje, zadovoljstvo u vezi, uzbuđenost, sreća, flert) nisu dovoljno naglašeni. U radu će se dati pregled dosadašnjih istraživanja o sekstingu, njegove rasprostranjenosti, motiva za sudjelovanje u sekstingu te samih posljedica sekstinga., This paper offers an overview of the nature of sexting among young people with a clear description of the definition, prevalence, motives and consequences of participation in sexting. A review of the literature shows that sexting is most often defined as sending, receiving and exchanging sexually explicit content (text messages, photos or videos). In recent years, sexting has become an increasingly popular way of communication among young people. The motives for engaging in sexting are most often flirtation, desire for intimacy and excitement, attracting attention, persuasion to sexting by a partner, desire to initiate sexual activity, but also boredom. The consequences of sexting are usually reflected in low self-esteem, increased stress, symptoms of depression, anxiety, and suicide risks. In the literature, we most often encounter negative outcomes of sexting (anxiety, depression, excessive alcohol use), while the positive outcomes of sexting (normative sexual behavior, relationship satisfaction, arousal, happiness, flirtation) are not sufficiently emphasized. The paper will provide an overview of internationally relevant and recent research on sexting, the prevalence of sexting, the motives for participating in sexting and the consequences of sexting.

Ovaj rad bavi se tematikom antropocena i globalnog zatopljenja koji je dio naše svakodnevnice, a u hrvatskoj literaturi dosta zapostavljen. U prvom djelu rada opisan je pojam „antropocen“ kao novo doba u kojem se mi trenutno nalazimo, a što još nije dokazano. U drugom djelu obraĎuje se problem globalnog zatopljenja, njegovi uzroci i moguće posljedice za svijet i čovječanstvo. Na kraju drugog djela navode se načini smanjenja globalnog zatopljenja ljudskim aktivnostima i djelovanjem. Treći dio obraĎuje izloţbu inspiriranu antropocenom i čovjekom koji ţivi u tom dobu. Cilj rada je podići razinu sviijesti o problemu globalnog zatopljenja, ljudskom učinku na taj problem te provući poruku da svaki pojedinac moţe poduzeti neke korake kako bih pomogao u borbi protiv globalnog zatopljenja., My work deals with the topic of the Anthropocene and global warming, which is a part of our everyday life, and is neglected in Croatian literature. In the first part of the paper, the term "anthropocene" is described as a new age we are currently in, and which has not yet been proven. The second part deals with the problem of global warming, its causes and possible consequences for the world and humanity. At the end of the second part, I listed some of the ways to reduce global warming through human activities and actions. The third part deals with the exhibition inspired by the Anthropocene and the man who lives in that age. My main goal with the help of this work is to raise the level of awareness about the problem of global warming, the human effect on that problem, and convey the message that every individual can take some steps to help fight against global warming.

Kockanje je aktivnost koja datira od davne povijesti, a naširoko je prisutna i u današnjem društvu. Iako je u Hrvatskoj zakonski zabranjeno sudjelovanje osoba mlađih od 18 godina u igrama na sreću, navedeno zakonsko ograničenje ne provodi se dovoljno restriktivno u praksi, a kontrola pristupa maloljetnika kockanju posebno je otežana u online okruženju. Mladi predstavljaju posebno ranjivu skupinu za razvoj patološkog kockanja. Procjenjuje se da oko 4-8% adolescenata ima ozbiljne probleme vezane uz kockanje i klađenje. Cilj ovog rada je temeljem dosadašnjih istraživačkih i teorijskih spoznaja, pojasniti na koji način različiti aspekti obiteljskog okruženja utječu na kockanje mladih. U radu se ističe da je obitelj, uz individualne i okolišne faktore, jedna od najvažnijih komponenti pri formiranju stavova i ponašanja djece i mladih spram kockanja. Međugeneracijski prijenos kockanja može se objasniti učenjem po modelu, formiranjem stavova o kockanju kroz odgoj djece te direktnim ili indirektnim podržavanjem kockarskih aktivnosti od strane roditelja. Zaključno, ističe se važnost prevencije i pravovremene reakcije obitelji i šire okoline na pojavu problematičnog kockanja kod mladih., Gambling is an activity that dates back to ancient history and is widely present in today's society. Although the participation of persons under the age of 18 in games of chance is legally prohibited in Croatia, the existent legal restriction is not implemented restrictively enough in practice, and control of minors' access to gambling is particularly difficult in the online environment. Young people represent a particularly vulnerable group for the development of pathological gambling. It is estimated that around 4-8% of adolescents have serious problems related to gambling and betting. The goal of this paperwork is to clarify how different aspects of the family environment influence youth gambling, based on research and theoretical knowledge so far. The paper points out that the family, along with individual and environmental factors, is one of the most important components in the formation of the attitudes and behaviour of children and young people towards gambling. The intergenerational transmission of gambling can be explained by model learning, the formation of gambling attitudes through raising children, and direct or indirect support of gambling activities by parents. In conclusion, the importance of prevention and timely reaction of family and the wider environment to the emergence of problematic gambling among young people is emphasized.

Jedan od načina aktivnog sudjelovanja u zajednici je volontiranje, definirano kao planirano, prosocijalno ponašanje za dobrobit drugih. Takvo ponašanje sve je više potrebno s obzirom na rastuće nejednakosti u društvu, kao i učestalije katastrofe kao posljedice klimatskih promjena. Osim postizanja društveno korisnog angažmana, volontiranje nudi i mogućnost izgradnje znanja o društvu i razvoj različitih vještina. Fokus ovog istraživanja je iskustvo volontiranja studenata na području Zadra, kao mladih koji su društveno angažirani u svojoj zajednici. Cilj ovog rada bio je metodom polu-strukturiranog intervjua dobiti uvid u pojedinačna studentska iskustva volonterskog angažmana. Dobiveni su rezultati za pet ispitivanih područja. Prvo se odnosi na motive za volontiranjem, drugo na prepreke, odnosno, otežavajuće okolnosti djelatnosti volontiranja, kao i prepreke za potencijalno uključivanje drugih u proces. Treće područje su posljedice volontiranja, podijeljene u četiri kategorije: osobni razvoj, karijera, emocije i društveni život. Naposljetku, dobiveni su uvidi u procjenu važnosti volontera u društvu te karakteristike koje bi dobar volonter trebao imati prema mišljenju intervjuiranih volontera. One way to actively participate in society is volunteering. Volunteering is defined as planned, prosocial behavior for the benefit of others. This kind of behavior is becoming more important because of growing inequalities in society and the effects of climate change. In addition to its societals contributions, volunteering also offers the opportunity to develop knowledge about society, as well as develop a wide range of skills. The focus of this study is on student volunteers from Zadar. The goal of this paper was to gain insight into individual student experiences of volunteer engagement through semi-structured interviews. Results were obtained for five examined areas. The first refers to motives for volunteering, the second to the obstacles, i.e. aggravating circumstances of volunteering, and obstacles to the potential involvement of others in the process. The third area is the consequences of volunteering, divided into four categories: personal development, career, emotions, and social life. Finally, insights were gained in assessing the importance of volunteers in society and the characteristics that a good volunteer should have according to the interviewed volunteers.

U radu se traži odgovor na pitanje kad je izborna kampanja dobra u etičkom smislu i kad je dobra u smislu uspješnosti rezultata koje je ostvarila. Istražuju se mogući kriteriji prosudbe te nalazi da izborna kampanja može biti dobra u etičkom smislu ako se vodi načelom istine i nastoji potaknuti dobar odaziv birača na izbore te da može biti dobra u smislu uspješnosti ako uz umjerene troškove donese rast rejtinga u anketama i veći broj glasova nego na prijašnjim izborima. Primijenivši navedene kriterije na kampanje političkih stranaka u hrvatskim izborima za Europski parlament 2019. spoznaje se da kampanja većine stranaka u etičkom smislu nije bila dobra, a u smislu uspješnosti ističu se samo dvije i to uoči izbora nastale stranke., The paper seeks to answer the question: when is an election campaign a good campaign in terms of campaign ethics, and when is it good in terms of achieving successful results? Some possible evaluation criteria are explored. It was found that an election campaign can be ethical if guided by the principle of truth, and if it seeks to encourage a good voter turnout. Furthermore, it can be good in terms of successfulness if it raises poll ratings and receives more votes at a moderate cost in comparison to previous elections. In applying the above criteria to the campaigns of political parties in the Croatian elections for the European Parliament in 2019, we have seen that the campaign of most parties was not good from an ethical standpoint; furthermore, in terms of successfulness, only two parties stood out, and these were founded before the election. With a few exceptions, most parties in Croatia either did not want or simply did not have the knowledge and ability to organize an election campaign that would motivate and guide undecided voters. In this sense, the campaign did not demonstrate an overall benefit for society. At the same time, only a few parties succeeded in creating a campaign which produced a better result than in previous elections or better ratings in pre–election polls. In this sense, we can say that the campaigns of most parties did not affect voters’ preferences, as they seemed to have been established before the campaign began. The parties that achieved the best cost–to–vote ratio were those that made the most effective use of the Internet or that made personal contact with the voters.

Rad omogućava razumijevanje vršnjačkog nasilja, njegovih pojavnih oblika kao i detaljnu analizu razlika u oblicima i učestalosti vršnjačkog nasilja između učenika osnovnih i srednjih škola, dobivenih provedenim istraživanjem. Nasilje među djecom definira se kao opetovana ili trajna izloženost učenika negativnim postupcima jednoga učenika ili više njih, a naglasak je u radu stavljen na oblike i uzroke nasilnog ponašanja kao i na sve sudionike kruga nasilja. U radu su detaljno opisane karakteristike nasilnika, žrtve i promatrača kako bi se pravovremenim uočavanjem navedenih karakteristika moglo spriječiti nasilničko ponašanje, a samim tim u umanjiti negativne posljedice. Work enables understanding of peer violence and it's manifestations as well as a detailed analysis of differences in forms and frequency of peer violence between primary and secondary school students obtained through the research. Violence among children is defined as repeated or permanent exposure of students to the negative actions of one or more students, and the emphasis is placed on the forms and causes of violent behavior, as well as on all participants in the circle of violence. The paper describes in detail the characteristics of the abuser, the victim and the observer, so that timely identification of these characteristics can prevent violent behavior and thus reduce the negative consequences.

Svjetska ekonomska kriza, odnosno financijska kriza kao ključni faktor koji će potaknuti korjenite promjene u postojećim ekonomskim strukturama, razvojem i posljedicama ukazala je na neodrživost tržišnog fundamentalizma. Ključna hipoteza ovog rada zauzima stajalište kako je globalna financijska kriza imala značajan utjecaj na nacionalno gospodarstvo Hrvatske, ali se ipak ključni faktori postojećeg stanja moraju potražiti u uzrocima generiranim i zapostavljenim u protekla dva desetljeća razvoja. Veliki ekonomski poremećaj koji se dogodio nije zaobišao ni Hrvatsku. Naime, iako je stigla s malim zakašnjenjem, kriza je imala velike posljedice na hrvatsko gospodarstvo. Mnoge male i velike tvrtke su propale, došlo je do rasta stope nezaposlenosti, pada izravnih stranih ulaganja te pada stope BDP-a. Na posljetku, globalna financijska kriza koja je nastupila ponovno je potaknula velike rasprave među vodećim svjetskim ekonomistima, s jedne strane nalaze se pobornici neoliberalne doktrine, a s druge strane pobornici državnog intervencionizma. The global economic crisis is a key factor that will encourage rooted changes in the existing economic structures, development and consequences. It has shown the unsustainability of market fundamentalism. The key hypothesis of this paper is about how the global financial crisis has a significant impact on the national economy of Croatia, but the key factors of the current state have to be found in the causes generated and neglected in the past two decades of development. The great economic disorder that happened, hadn't passed Croatia as well. Namely, although it came with a slight delay, the crisis had major repercussions on the Croatian economy. Many small and large companies have failed, rising unemployment rates, falling foreign direct investment and falling GDP rates. In the end, the global financial crisis that has emerged again, sparked great discussions among the world's leading economists, on the one hand there are advocates of the neoliberal doctrine, and on the other side are advocates of state interventionism.

Nanotehnologija jedna je od najbrže rastućih industrija današnjeg doba. Nanomaterijali su ušli u svakodnevni život bez da smo toga svjesni te većina populacije nije upoznata s potencijalnim opasnostima. Dio populacije koji je posebno ugrožen, jesu radnici koji su izloženi nanočesticama u puno većim dozama od ostalog stanovništva. Cilj ovog rada je prikazati koje su to nanočestice, tko im je najviše izložen i kakve su moguće posljedice na zdravlje.Ono što nanočestice primarno razlikuje od ostalih tvari jest njihova mala veličina zbog koje dobivaju nova i ne uvijek predvidljiva svojstva. Postoje brojne vrste nanočestica s različitim svojstvima i utjecajima na zdravlje. Primjenu su našle u gotovo svakoj grani industrije i proizvodnje, zbog čega im je izložen velik broj radnika. Za procjenu učinka na zdravlje razvijene su brojne metode u obliku in vitro i epidemioloških istraživanja te pokusa na životinjama. Najvažniji putevi unosa su oralni, inhalacijom i preko kože. Neke od grana industrije u kojima možemo naći profesionalnu izloženost nanočesticama su građevinarstvo, zdravstvo, kemijska i elektrotehnička industrija, a među najistraživanijim poslovima su ugljenokopači, metaloradnici te znanstvenici koji proučavaju nanočestice. Brojna su istraživanja pokazale povezanost izloženosti nanočesticama s bolestima poput kroničnih opstruktivnih bolesti pluća, pneumonitisa, kroničnog bronhitisa, karcinoma pluća i kardiovaskularnih oboljenja. Izloženost radnika na radnom mjestu i njihova zaštita regulirane su s nekoliko zakona na državnoj i europskoj razini. Mjera zaštite koje se koriste su osobna zaštita (u obliku zaštitne opreme) i tehnička zaštita stvaranjem sigurnog radnog okruženja., Nanotechnology is one of the fastest growing industries of today. Nanomaterials have entered everyday life with majority of the population being unaware of it and the potential dangers. Part of the population that is particularly at risk is workers who are exposed to nanoparticles in much higher doses than the general population. The aim of this paper is to show what nanoparticles are, who is exposed and what possible effects on health they might have. What primarily distinguishes nanoparticles from other substances is that due to their small size they receive new and not always predictable properties. There are numerous types of nanoparticles with different properties and effects on health. Applications are found in almost every branch of industry and production, which is why a very large number of workers is exposed. To assess the impact on health, a number of methods have been developed in the form of in vitro and epidemiological studies and animal experiments. The most important ways nanoparticles enter our system is the oral intake, inhalation and through the skin. Some of the industries in which we can find occupational exposure to nanoparticles are construction, health care, chemical and electrical industries. Professions that are among the most researched the coalworkers, metalworkers and scientists who study the nanoparticles. Numerous studies have shown connection between exposure to nanoparticles with diseases such as COPD, pneumonitis, chronic bronchitis, lung cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Exposure of workers in the workplace and their protection are regulated by several laws at the national and European level. Protection measures that are used are personal protection (in the form of protective equipment) and technical protection by creating a safe working environment.

Zadnjih desetak godina mobbing i slična antisocijalna ponašanja pojedinaca na radnom mjestu prepoznati su kao važno pitanje organizacije rada. Stoga ne čudi da je interes stručnjaka i istraživača u svijetu, a sve više i kod nas, usmjeren na izučavanje utjecaja organizacijskog i individualnog stresa, odnosa među zaposlenicima i sl., kao i pronalaženje efikasnih metoda i tehnika preveniranja mobbinga te njegovih posljedica za pojedinca, njegovu obitelj i radnu organizaciju Nadalje, sve više raste svijest o tome da mobbing nije pojedinačna epizoda, individualna poteškoća, nego strukturirani, strategijski problem koji svoje korijene ima u organizacijskim, kulturnim i širim društvenim okvirima. Sukladno tome cilj je rada ukazati na moguće posljedice mobbinga kako na direktne tako i na indirektne žrtve mobbinga te važnost strateškog pristupa razvijanju, implementiranju i evaluiranju programa prevencije mobbinga., Past ten years, mobbing and similar anti-social behavior of individuals in the workplace are identified as an important issue of work organization. Therefore, it is not surprising that the interest of experts and researchers, in the world and Croatia, is aimed at studying the impact of organizational and individual stress, relationships among employees and etc. Their interest is also in finding effective methods and techniques of mobbing prevention and its consequences for the individual, his family and work organization. There is growing awareness that mobbing is not a single episode and individual problems but a structured, strategic problem that has its roots in the organizational, cultural and broader social framework. Accordingly to that, the main goal of this paper is to point out the possible consequences of mobbing and the importance of a strategic approach to developing, implementing and evaluating prevention programs of mobbing.

U ovom su radu obrađena kretanja razvojne problematike u gospodarstvu dubrovačkog područja tijekom 20. stoljeća. To su uglavnom razdoblja koja su po rezultatima razvoja bila ispod ili iznad prosječnih u stoljeću. Rezultati gospodarstva u tim razdobljima pokazuju se kao krize u razvoju ili kao izrazito uspješni dijelovi stoljeća. Mnoge teškoće i dugotrajne krize ostavile su svoje duboke tragove u razvoju 20. stoljeća na ovom području, ali se gospodarstvo uvijek oporavljalo, postižući uspjehe. Kriza krajem prošloga stoljeća ubraja se među najteže, pa je shvatljivo zašto se njezino “zatvaranje” prenosi i na početak ovoga stoljeća., This paper has discussed the parts of the development of the economy of the region of Dubrovnik during the 20th ct. These are mainly periods, which according to the results were below or above the average in the century. The results of the economy in those periods have proven to be the crisis or as significantly successful parts of the century. Many difficulties and long lasting crises detemined the development of the 20th century in this region, but the economy has always found its own way, making greater successes. Last crisis of this century was the most difficult one, therefore it is understandable why it passes on to the beginning of the next century.

Ovaj tekst u svojem većem opsegu čini nešto slobodniju obradu jednog dijela studije koju su izradili Covello i Mumpower (1985). Iz njihovog dosta obimnog rada autor je ovoga članka izdvojio i skraćeno opisao samo ona događanja koja smatra iznimno značajnim za raspravu o kronologiji razvoja procjene rizika. Tekst je drugačije strukturiran od izvornog, a uzeti su u obzir i neki Paustenbachovi kritički komentari na njihov rad. Analizirajući dodatnu literaturu autor članka je svoj skroman doprinos istraživanju ove teme dao u poglavljima: Igre na sreću i hazard, Osiguranje i rizici i Tehnološki razvitak, industrijske nezgode i rizici. Naime, autor članka je mišljenja kako u kronološkom pregledu razvoja procjene rizika veće značenje treba pripisati igrama na sreću i njihovom utjecaju na kasniji razvoj teorije kvantitativne procjene rizika nego su to naznačili Covello i Mumpower. Također, analizirajući razvoj osiguranja Covello i Mumpower ispuštaju registrirati utjecaj što ga je na razvoj kvantitativne procjene rizika imao koncept osiguranja koji je uveo stanoviti brodovlasnik iz Genove, o čemi izvješćuju Fullwood i Hall, 1988. Na kraju, čini se očitim kako su na uvođenje i primjenu kvantitativne procjene rizika, kao potpuno strukturirane metode, dominantan utjecaj imale velike nesreće u nuklearnim i drugim industrijskim postro¬jenjima i to zbog posljedica koje su za sobom ostavile kao i zbog izrazito negativnog publiciteta kojeg su izazvale u sredstvima javnog priopćavanja., This text, in its wider range, represents somewhat more liberal elaboration of a part of the study made by Covello and Mumpower, 1985. The author of this paper has isolated and shortly described those happenings of their fairly extensive work that he considers extremely important for the discussion of chronology of the development of risk assessment. The text has been structured in a different way from the original, and some of Paustenbach's critical commentaries on their work have also been taken into account. Analyzing additional literature the author of this article has given his small contribution to the research of this subject in chapters Games of chance and gambling, Insurance and Risks and Technological Development, Industrial Accidents and Risks. Namely, the author of the article thinks that, in the chronological survey of the development of risk assessment, greater significance should be given to games of chance and their influence on later development of the theory of quantitative risk assessment than it was pointed out by Covello and Mumpower. Also, analyzing the development of insurance Covello and Mumpower omit to register the influence that the concept of insurance introduced by a certain shipowner from Geneve had on the development of quantitative risk assessment, which was reported by Fullwood and Hall. Finally, it seems obvious that the introduction and application of the quantitative risk assessment as a completely structured method was dominantly influenced by big disasters in nuclear and other industrial plants, mainly due to consequences they left behind, as well as to explicitly negative publicity they brought about in the media., Dieser Text stellt in seinem breiteren Umfang eine etwas freiere Bearbeitung eines Teils der Studie von Covello und Mumpower aus dem Jahr 1985, dar. Aus ihrer ziemlich umfangreichen Arbeit hat der Autor dieses Artikels nur diejenigen Ereignisse ausgewählt und beschrieben, die er für die Diskussion über die Chronologie der Entwicklung der Risiko–Abschätzung für wichtig hält. Der Text ist anderes strukturiert als der ursprüngliche und berücksichtigt wurden dabei einige kritische Kommentare ihrer Arbeit von Paustenbach. Durch die Analyse der zusätzlichen Literatur hat der Autor dieses Artikels seinen bescheidenen Beitrag zur Erforschung dieses Themas in den Kapiteln "Glücksspiele und Hasard", "die Versicherung und Risiken", "industrielle Unfälle und Risiken" geleistet. Der Autor dieses Artikels vertritt nämlich den Standpunkt, daß im chronologischen Überblick größere Bedeutung den Glücksspielen beigemessen werden sollte und ihren Einfluß auf die spätere Entwicklung der Theorie der quantitativen Risiko–Abschätzung, als Covello und Mumpower das angeführt haben. Auch in der Analyse der Versicherungentwicklung haben es Covello und Mumpower unterlassen den Einfluß des Versicherungskonzepts eines bestimmten Schiffbesitzers aus Genua, auf die Entwicklung der quantitativen Risiko–Abschätzung zu registrieren. Darüber berichten Fullwood und Hall. Am Ende scheint es offensichtlich, daß auf die Einführung und Anwendung der quantitativen Risikio–Abschätzung , als einer völlig strukturierten Methode, den vorherrschenden Einfluß große Unglücksfälle in nuklearen und anderen industriellen Anlagen hatten, und zwar wegen der negativen Publizität, die sie in den öffentlichen Massen–Medien verursacht haben.