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The authors of the paper aim to present the foundation of the Department of Pathology at the University of Zagreb. The first years of the Department of Pathology, from 1918 to 1922, will be analysed in the paper. The emphasis is on the construction of the Department and the difficulties encountered at the same time. Also, persons who were crucial for the establishment of the Department of Pathology will be discussed. So far, the literature has mostly stated that the initiator of the Department of Pathology was Sergej Saltykow, a pathologist of Russian descent. Although Saltykow’s role is unquestionable, the aim is to present more persons who have more or less contributed to the establishment of the Department. Thus, more will be said about Vaclav Neumann, Đorđe Joanović, Walter Berlinger and others. Besides, the paper will provide a brief context focusing on the establishment of the School of Medicine and pathology in Zagreb before the foundation of the Department of Pathology. The Pathoanatomic Service of The Public Health Divisions in the City of Zagreb and Ljudevit Jurak, the first head of this institution, should certainly be pointed out. The Pathoanatomic Service played a key role in the development of forensic medicine and pathology in Croatia. In addition to available literature, the paper is based on archival materials found in the School of Medicine University of Zagreb archive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose. Crowdsourcing has been used in libraries and archives all over the world for more than a decade, but it has not yet become popular in Croatia. The aim of this paper is to investigate to what extent the Croatian professional community is familiar with this concept of work in heritage institutions, and also if there is any potential for implementing crowdsourcing in Croatian archives and libraries. Approach. The answers to these questions were obtained through a mixed research approach with predominantly quantitative characteristics on a random sample of 201 patrons and 23 employees of libraries and archives in the city of Zagreb. The research was conducted in situ with surveys for the patrons consisting of 17 questions and semi-structured interviews with the employees. In addition to examining the overall interest for participation in crowdsourcing projects and the employees' desire to supervise them, the respondents were questioned about their familiarity with the term "crowdsourcing", and their own thoughts and ideas on this topic. Findings. According to their answers, although patrons were not familiar with the term 'crowdsourcing' and its meaning before, they have shown interest for participating and gave positive feedback on crowdsourcing projects after reading a short explanation. They generally opted out for participating in purposeful games and projects of text correction and/or transcription. The results of this research have shown that, in addition to the willingness of patrons to participate as potential volunteers, there is also certain interest among employees as potential organizers of such projects. The employees have expressed concerns about the quality of that kind of amateur work, and emphasized the necessity of project supervision and work results monitoring as key elements for a successful project. In conclusion, a successful crowdsourcing project needs to be organized with the content and activities that would be appealing to potential volunteers and target the enthusiastic patrons who have shown interest in participating in various heritage institutions' activities and projects. Research limitations. This research was conducted only in the city of Zagreb, and although it included a number of city's archives and libraries, its results cannot be generally applied to other regions of Croatia. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct further research in order to gain more insight into the potential and possibilities for implementing crowdsourcing in heritage institutions in all parts of Croatia. Originality. This paper provides better insight into the potential for implementation of crowdsourcing projects in Croatia based on findings of the research conducted among users and employees of archives and libraries in the city of Zagreb. There has not been research in this area prior to this paper, focusing on the interest of the respondents in organizing and participating in such activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose. The aim of this paper is to present the activities of the Children's Jury of the "Grigor Vitez Award" organized by the Croatian Center for Children's Books at the Zagreb City Libraries and reading promotion among older primary school children. It also seeks to emphasize the importance of collaboration between the library and external partners in achieving the goals of reading promotion. Approach/methodology. After an introduction to the topic of reading promotion, the first part of the paper presents children's juries in the world and in Croatia, as well as programs to promote reading in the Zagreb City Libraries. The second part of the paper explains in detail the work, activities, and importance of the Children's Jury in reading promotion among children and young people. Findings. Children's scoring of books, their written explanations and selection of the best books reveal what children love and want to read. Having the right to directly select the award winners of the „Ptičica Award", the children members the Children's Jury are given special importance, as well as the libraries from which they come and the librarians who have recommended them. Also, the award winners are especially honoured to receive the award from the children for whom they wrote or illustrated the book. Since the award-winning books are popular and gladly read, the members of the Children's Jury are a positive example and encouragement to other children in reading quality literature. Practical implications. In the Croatian Association of the Societies „Naša djeca", there is a vision to expand the „Grigor Vitez Award" through cooperation with other Croatian libraries in the organization of additional content and programs, including the Children's Jury. Social implications. Through reading promotion, developing critical thinking, and enhancing the freedom of expression of children and youth through the work of the Children's Jury, the library, as their organizer, plays an important role in building a better society as a whole. Originality/value. The Children's jury of the „Grigor Vitez Award" is the only children's jury for children's and youth literature in Croatia that selects the best books and awards in two categories: text and illustration, which gives importance to both the writer and the illustrator of the literary work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose. The Covid-19 pandemic confronted the world with an unprecedented health crisis and launched a media infodemic. The changes have occurred in the scientific communication system as well: an endless number of papers have been published, editorial process has been accelerated, research results have become available to the public prior to peer-review, etc. This paper aims to discuss the changes in public and scientific communication and to propose possible solutions for coping with the new information environment. Approach / methodology. The paper examines the concepts of infodemic, infodemiology, information and health literacy. Through a literature review, personal professional experience and examples from library practice, the authors seek to offer practical recommendations. Findings. An overabundance of information of questionable quality cause confusion and fear, leading to distrust in science, health authorities and the government. Strengthening the community's resistance to misleading and false information requires critical thinking, and increased level of information and health literacy. Libraries can play a significant role in all this, which is shown by practical example of the activities of the Central medical library (CML) of the University of Zagreb School of Medicine. Taking into account the literature review, professional expertise, and experiences gained in this period, the authors propose actions that key stakeholders in the pandemic information system (government, professional institutions, scientists and medical librarians) can take in order to contain the infodemic. Limitations. Examples of the active role of information professionals are based on a single library experience. This is the largest medical library in Croatia, which offers its users both traditional and advanced services, using all available means of communication. In addition, the CML accepted the current crisis as an opportunity for development, expert assessment of new information sources, active cooperation with the parent institution and the Ministry of Health, scientific work but also an outreach towards the community, so it serves as a good example of implementing recommendations into practice. Practical and social applications. The paper provides practical guidelines for health authorities, professional institutions, scientists and medical librarians for coping with the new communication environment. The pandemic affected all aspects of human activities, and containing the infodemic is of particular social importance. Originality / value. The literature review on infodemic, information and health literacy is supplemented by the local context features and practical experiences and recommendations of medical librarians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Croatian historiography has only few periodicals that were founded i.e. started back in the 19th century, but more importantly, that have been published continually in the following periods, until today. Extremely important place among such periodicals belongs to the Vjestnik Kr. hrvatsko-slavonsko-dalmatinskog Zemaljskog arkiva (The Herald of the Royal-Croatian-Slavonian-Dalmatian Land Archives) in Zagreb, which was founded in 1899 by the honourable Ivan Bojničić-Kninski (1858 -- 1925), with the help of Emilij Laszowski. Bojničić was also its first editor-in-chief. The periodical changed its name several times and since 1958 it has been published under the name Arhivski vjesnik -- Bulletin d'archives (Archival Herald), as a scientific and professional annual i.e. a specialised periodical of archival institutions in the Republic of Croatia for the fields of archival science, auxiliary sciences of history, information science and communication science, as well as related sciences. Since the publisher and the headquarters of this journal has always been associated with our most important national archival institutions i.e. the Croatian State Archives, the journal is the source of numerous studies and articles from the wide field of historical science, particularly from the auxiliary sciences of history. This was also emphasized in the first editorial of the journal ("Naša zadaća" ("Our task"), I/1899, p.2) with the following words: "(...) 3. This also includes the scientific interpretation of archival records i.e. the entire vast and interesting field of palaeography and diplomatics. It also includes heraldry, genealogy and sphragistics, if they are of use to the domestic history". Since the auxiliary sciences of history in Croatia did not have their own unique specialized publication (for a short while and only for some of them there existed Vitezović -- mjesečnik za genealogiju, biografiju, heraldiku i sfragistiku I/1903-1904, II/1905; and Glasnik heraldike -- časopis za grboslovlje, rodoslovlje, životopis i pečatoslovlje, I/1937, II/1938), it meant that journal was the focal point for publishing papers regarding epigraphy, palaeography, diplomatics, chronology, egdotics, sphragistics, genealogy, heraldry etc. This paper will examine and present the heraldic themes in The Herald of the Royal Croatian-Slavonian-Dalmatian Land Archives i.e. Archival Journal during a very wide timeframe from the 19th to the 21st century. It will also point out the role and importance of its editor-in-chiefs, as well as numerous archives employees who were also renowned experts in heraldry and other auxiliary sciences of history, namely, Ivan Bojničić, Emilij Laszowski, Josip Matasović, Josip Buturac, Bartol Zmajić and Petar Strčić. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose. The aim of this research is to determine the views of librarians employed in academic, special and research libraries in Croatia about the use of the National and University Library in Zagreb Subject Headings. An additional goal of the research is to determine the extent to which subject headings are used in describing the content of materials in general in the mentioned libraries. Approach/methodology/design. For the purposes of this research, an online questionnaire was distributed to all academic, special and research libraries in Croatia. A quantitative methodology was used to process the results. Findings. The results of the research have shown that The National and University Library in Zagreb Subject Headings is well accepted at the national level in Croatia, considering that 54% of the librarians who participated in the research use The National and University Library in Zagreb Subject Headings. Fifty-nine percent of those who do not currently use it plan to use The National and University Library in Zagreb Subject Headings in their work in the future. Furthermore, the results have shown that 24% of the respondents use only keywords to describe the library material, and 8% of the respondents do not use subject headings, from which it can be concluded that 32% of the respondents do not use subject headings at all in the description of the library material. A certain percentage of librarians (11%) uses the other most represented system of subject headings in Croatia, the subject headings in the field of medicine -- MeSH, and the system based on the Zagreb City Libraries Rulebook for the subject catalog from 2004. Originality/value. This paper presents and analyzes, for the first time, the views of the librarians on the use of a common system of subject headings at the national level of the Croatian system of science and education, provides information on the current use of the National and University Library in Zagreb Subject Headings and examines the future intentions on the use of this subject headings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comparative politics in Croatia has had two phases of development: initial development and institutionalization. Since its establishment in 1962, the Faculty of Political Sciences in Zagreb has been the main scientific and higher education institution for political science in Croatia, and the development and institutionalization of comparative politics in Croatian political science were primarily carried out there. In the first four decades of the Faculty’s existence, there were sporadic researches and publications of scientific papers on foreign policies, and we consider that period as the phase of the initial development of comparative politics. The establishment of the Department of Comparative Politics at the Faculty in 2004 marked the beginning of the systematic work on further development of comparative politics through scientific research and teaching of this subdiscipline in the study program of political science. This enabled the institutionalization of the subdiscipline, and we analyse it using Gabriela Ilonszki’s theoretical concept with five institutionalization properties: identity, autonomy, reproduction, legitimacy and stability. Based on this analysis, we make conclusions about the state of comparative politics at the Faculty of Political Science in Zagreb in 2022, 60 years after the establishment of the Faculty and 18 years after the establishment of the Department. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose. The purpose of this paper is to present impact management and library management examples of best practices in Zagreb City Libraries during 2020, especially during full closures due to the epidemic. Approach/methodology. Authors present an overview of the library services that were organized continuously all the time and some new ones that were introduced and implemented in order to satisfy various social, cultural, educational, and even psychological needs of their users. The abovementioned services were analyzed and compared to library services implemented on the national and international levels. The authors have also presented their example of best practice in creating high-impact communication and gave an overview of results of quantitative and content analysis of e-mail communication with users and all press releases. Findings. The comparison of library services that were organized continuously and the new ones with library services implemented on national and international levels have shown a high level of compatibility and consistency, while the results of quantitative and content analysis of communication with users and all press releases confirm reasonableness of the used model of impact management and high-impact communication. Practical implications. Practical implications of the presented impact management and library management examples of best practice and results are immense for all public libraries in Croatia. Social implications. The impact of COVID-19 on library management is unprecedented, causing closure of all libraries and organization of services under strict preventive measures and social distancing. The management of the Zagreb City Libraries was even more aggravated due to an earthquake that hit Zagreb in March and the floods that occurred in July. This paper supports claims that libraries have always promptly reacted to various challenges. Originality/value. The examples of best practices used in impact management and high-impact communication, together with an overview of library services, present a valuable contribution to a related overview on the national level and for further discussion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim. The paper describes collection building in a medical library using the example of the Central Library of the Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center (SMUHC) in Zagreb and its two branch libraries. Methods. The Central Library of the SMUHC at 29 Vinogradska Street in Zagreb is a special medical, i.e. a hospital library. The branch libraries are located at the other two locations of the SMUHC: at 19 Draškovićeva Street (at the Traumatology Department of the SMUHC), and at 197 Ilica Street (at the Oncology Department of the SMUHC). The paper describes the library collections and presents a brief overview of acquisition models. Findings. Due to the nature of biomedical information that becomes out of date rather quickly, the most important collections are periodicals, databases, and collections of the foreign and domestic books, which are regularly updated with the most recent editions. At the beginning of the 21st century, e-resources are becoming increasingly important in biomedicine. The Central Library develops its collections of the printed and e-resources combining the purchase with their own funds and using the access to e-resources procured for the scientific and academic institutions in the Republic of Croatia. Value. It may be concluded that by building its collections in the manner described in this paper, the Central Library of the SMUHC successfully fulfills the basic task of the large hospital library, which is to support the professional, scientific and research work of the employees of the Sestre milosrdnice UHC, as well as of the external users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the end of the 19th century, there were a large number of schools in Croatia and Slavonia where German was taught by unqualified teachers. The training of educated high school staff was therefore one of the most important reasons for the foundation of department for German language and literature at the Faculty of Philosophy. Analysing the documentation from the teachers' exams, the paper tries to answer the question whether the Zagreb department fulfilled its intended purpose, that is, whether it managed to contribute to raising the quality German language teaching at the secondary school level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two years ago, in 2017, the Museum of Arts and Crafts in Zagreb accepted a large donation from the ballet artist Jelko Yuresha (9 May 1937, Zagreb, Croatia) and included it into its collective holdings. This paper analyses the most significant part (by the artefact type) of this heterogeneous donation -- ballet costumes. The costumes have never been professionally and scientifically examined, and now they are analysed in light of the ballets for which they were created and of their costume designers' oeuvres. An important part of the paper is also the (re)valorisation of the significance and musealisation of the whole donation. The paper opens with an introduction in which information on the life and work of Jelko Yuresha and his wife and artistic partner Belinda Wright (18 January 1929, Southport, England -- 1 April 2007, Zurich, Switzerland) is presented; this is followed by a section on the structure and significance of the donation, where, along with basic facts about the donation, a critical revalorisation of its musealisation in the Museum of Arts and Crafts and a brief review of the musealisation of theatrical art in Croatia is given. The part of the work that directly deals with the ballet costumes from the Yuresha donation is introduced by a section on the specificities of ballet and dance costumes, which also revalorises and revises some of the ingrained postulates on this type of theatrical costume. The introductory chapters on the donor's life and the specificities of ballet and dance costumes are a pretext for the interpretation and valorisation of the costumes. Ballet costumes from the Jelko Yuresha donation are analysed in the largest, separate section, i.e. costumes from the following ballets are analysed: The Sleeping Beauty, The Nutcracker, Swan Lake, Giselle, Romeo and Juliet and Variations for Four. The costumes from the collection that have been chosen for analysis are those on which canons of ballet costume design can be pointed out well, but also those that represent deflection, novelties and certain specificities in the context of the ballets they were created for. Costumes are valorised and interpreted within the framework of the time when they were made, and the oeuvres of the costume designers who created them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vatroslav Lisinski Concert Hall has been the centre of music and cultural life in Zagreb and Croatia for more than 45 years. It was the first concert venue in the country after the building of the Croatian Music Institute, which opened in 1876. Alongside the existing editions and relevant papers about the Lisinski Hall, this article presents a historical overview of the concert venues in Zagreb in comparison with the development of musical life in former Yugoslavia and other countries. Building on the existing literature, periodical articles and especially archival sources, the article also chronologically traces the process of the building's construction, from the initial concept and the selection of the location through the Conceptual Design Competition for the Croatia heritage foundation in 1957, to the choosing of the hall's name and the two-day gala opening on December 29 and 30, 1973. Finally, a contemporary perspective on the Lisinski Hall is presented and its significance for the musical and cultural life in Zagreb and Croatia addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Donated human milk is the best substitute for breast milk in the case when the mother cannot feed her baby. Human milk banks provide safe and high quality donated human milk. That was the reason why the Human Milk Bank was established in the Croatian Tissue and Cell Bank at the Zagreb University Hospital Centre in January 2020. The Bank works in accordance with the Law on the Application of Human Tissues and Cells. In this paper, we present the results of the Bank work since from its opening until June 2020. Due to logistic reasons caused by the COVID-19 epidemic and the earthquake in Zagreb, the Human Milk Bank did not collect milk for 43 days. Milk was donated by 31 mothers. Their median age was 31 years and 81% of them had high education level. In 52% of cases, mothers started donating milk three months after giving birth. Most donors donated milk only once (45%). The median period of donation was 46 days. The majority (52%) of donors gave birth for the fi rst time, in the expected term of childbirth (94%), birth weight was >2500 g. Only three of donors' children (9%) were in intensive care. A total of 175.5 L of milk were collected (mean 5.7 L per donor), of which 151.5 L met the requirements of input quality control, and 141 L were pasteurized. A critical number of viable aerobic and facultative bacteria were identified in 32.6% of milk pools prepared for pasteurization, and 8.9% after pasteurization. For clinical use, 78.7 L were dispensed in three neonatal intensive care units. The Human Milk Bank has already shown the importance of its activities during the fi rst months of operation. In order to be able to meet the needs for donated human milk at the national level, it is necessary to constantly inform mothers about the importance of human milk and to promote its donation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the development and business of the chemical-pharmaceutical factory Rave PLC, founded in Zagreb in 1922. Based on archival and building documentation, professional and daily newspapers, and promotional material, the formation of the factory complex in the Zagreb industrial zone was reconstructed, its marketing strategy and its impact on the development of domestic drug production and hygiene and sanitary necessities were presented. As an important motive for its operations, the factory emphasized industrial independence, the national features of its business and the promotion of cooperation with young domestic industry. In accordance with the above-mentioned text, Rave PLC participates in the construction and development of domestic pharmaceutical production and market, encouraging the development of modern industry and struggle for more favourable conditions of its business. Its unprecedented history is an important segment of our pharmaceutical past, but also an indispensable element of knowing the industrial development of the wider region. This segment of the beginnings of pharmaceutical manufacturing is essential in knowing the origins of entrepreneurship in our region as a significant element in raising awareness of national production, development and identity [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the Official Gazette (hereinafter: NN) No. 119/2018 of 28 December 2018 the National Collective Agreement for Croatian Seafarers on Board Ships in the International Shipping Trade was published (2019-2020). The Agreement was entered into on 10 December 2018 between the Association of Croatian Shipowners Mare Nostrum (Zagreb, Av. V. Holjevca 20) and the Seafarers' Union of Croatia, member of the International Transport Workers' Federation (ITF) from Rijeka (Head Office, Fiorello La Guardia 13). It is applied as of 1 January 2019. The National Collective Agreement for Croatian Seafarers on Board Ships in the International Shipping Trade (2019 - 2020) has all the nomotechnical features (characteristics) of an autonomous regulation: compliance with objective prerequisites for introducing it, signing and publishing it (legal basis, jurisdiction of the contracting parties, name (title), procedure of introducing it "in good faith to promote and maintain the social dialogue and harmonious relations between the Employers - Shipowners and Trade Unions based on mutual respect for the interests and rights of the Employers - Shipowners and Seafarers", relevant period and area wherein it may apply, as well as the content pursuant to the laws and other standing rules and regulations, consisting of the "contractual and normative part" in 43 articles (with titles) and "General Addendum" (and "Special Addendum"). It has been written "in Croatian and in English", whileas should there be any ambiguities due to textual differences in the two languages, the Croatian text shall apply". This paper elaborates on the essential and characteristic features of this autonomous regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the Official Gazette (hereinafter: NN) No. 119/2018 of 28 December 2018 the National Collective Agreement for Croatian Seafarers on Board Ships in the International Shipping Trade was published (2019-2020). The Agreement was entered into on 10 December 2018 between the Association of Croatian Shipowners Mare Nostrum (Zagreb, Av. V. Holjevca 20) and the Seafarers' Union of Croatia, member of the International Transport Workers' Federation (ITF) from Rijeka (Head Office, Fiorello La Guardia 13). It is applied as of 1 January 2019. The National Collective Agreement for Croatian Seafarers on Board Ships in the International Shipping Trade (2019 - 2020) has all the nomotechnical features (characteristics) of an autonomous regulation: compliance with objective prerequisites for introducing it, signing and publishing it (legal basis, jurisdiction of the contracting parties, name (title), procedure of introducing it "in good faith to promote and maintain the social dialogue and harmonious relations between the Employers - Shipowners and Trade Unions based on mutual respect for the interests and rights of the Employers - Shipowners and Seafarers", relevant period and area wherein it may apply, as well as the content pursuant to the laws and other standing rules and regulations, consisting of the "contractual and normative part" in 43 articles (with titles) and "General Addendum" (and "Special Addendum"). It has been written "in Croatian and in English", whileas should there be any ambiguities due to textual diff erences in the two languages, the Croatian text shall apply". This paper elaborates on the essential and characteristic features of this autonomous regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with spatial analysis of catchment areas of the public primary schools in the City of Zagreb. Spatial analysis was based on data gathered from city administration bodies and the Croatian Bureau of Statistics. These data were collected in a database, i.e. mapped, processed, and visualised using GIS applications. This paper shows that catchment areas defined by the Decree on Primary Schools Network in the Area of the City of Zagreb in 2007 cross borders of City districts, statistical settlements, borders between counties, and are discontinuous and intertwined. A significant amount of house numbers, pertaining to specific catchment areas, extends beyond the 600 meters recommended by the City General Urban Plan. It was found that average and maximum distances of pertaining house numbers from primary schools also extend beyond the 600 meters. Buffers made based on primary school addresses and overlaid with land use data layers in the City of Zagreb indicate the quality of school surroundings and potential threats in their neighbourhoods. Analysis showed significant differences of land use in school surroundings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of the morphological structure of an area (morphogenesis) is the outcome of numerous interconnected natural, social (anthropogenic, socio-geographical) and perceptive factors. These factors are visibly reflected in the morphology of an area in some way, so they can be read from it. Certain socio-graphical factors (and their changes) that have influenced the design and physiognomy of the current morphological structure of Dubrava are emphasized in this paper. Dubrava is the boundary area situated on the eastern outskirts of Zagreb. Its functional, demographical and morphological features, as well as the development of those features, have many similarities with those in other edging parts of the town, but on the other hand, Dubrava is characterized by processes and phenomena that are more pronounced in Dubrava than elsewhere in the town. Since the Middle Ages, especially over the period of the last eighty years or so, during which the so-called "narrow" centre of Dubrava has appeared and spread, specific dual morphological structure has been formed. This structure consists of both dispersed villages in the northern, north-eastern and south-eastern parts of Dubrava, whose nucleus originated in the Medieval period, and the area of recent development of "narrow" Dubrava with compactly constructed urban tissue. However, regarding the physiognomic-morphological implications, the latter is not homogenous as well -- there are clearly visible areas of the planned and the areas of unplanned, illegal construction. The aims of this paper are: to offer systematic overview and classification of factors that effect the morphogenesis of a certain area, and, by using diachronical analysis, description, and the comparative method as well as the cartographic technique (the working method of research, to explain how some socio-geographical factors (historical development, administrative and territorial division, planning and building regulations) have influenced the appearance and the development of the heterogeneous morphological structure of Dubrava. The example of the morphogenesis of "narrow" Dubrava indicates the interdependence of the analyzed factors. It also points out the early appearance of unplanned construction -- the phenomenon that is widespread in such a manner that it makes Dubrava one of the most unordered parts of Zagreb. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the production of their own media material, the ethnic minorities assume responsibility for opposing the predominant media discourses of the majority culture, and fight for their own distinctiveness and (self)representation within the Croatian media sphere. The ethnic-minority media serve not only the purpose of preserving the socio-cultural values and special features of the minority identity, but also of providing information both to a particular community on the intra-ethnic level and to the majority of the Croatian society regarding the situation, the needs and the rights of the minorities themselves. Thus they represent and convey their interests to the general public. This paper aims to investigate how ethnic minorities are represented in the media and to what extent the ethnic-minority media are represented in the media arena of the Republic of Croatia. The author focuses especially on the city of Zagreb and the minorities which have organized ethnic-minority Councils there. An introductory discussion on the role and influence of the media is followed by an overview of the analysis of ways of reporting on ethnic minorities in the mainstream media of the majority, based on the results of research carried out so far. Furthermore, the paper includes a discussion on the minority media, comprising a tabular outline of print media and digital media (from the Internet domain) of the ethnic-minority communities in the Republic of Croatia. Finally, the author provides an analysis of such a state of affairs regarding the media, and some concluding remarks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with the reflections on the problems involved in the measurement of the quality of health care services. It presents theoretical contributions to a study of specifi c characteristics of services marketing in health care, including a review of the results of a previous research which measured customer satisfaction with health care services. Special attention is devoted to a presentation of the most frequently used model of service quality measurement or SERVQUAL, which is also widely used for measuring the service quality within health care. The paper presents the results of a research of the quality of health care services provided by primary health care institutions in the City of Zagreb and the Zagreb County (with a special emphasis on public sector health care institutions) by using the SERVQUAL scale. The research focuses on the extent to which the Croatian customers use the services of the public sector vas. those of private sector primary health care institutions. It attempts to determine the importance paid to individual dimensions of service quality and to find out whether there are any significant gaps between the perceptions by customers and their expectations of the quality of services provided by primary health care institutions. The results revealed a significant gap between the perceptions and expectations by health care service users, while showing that the gap varies according to different dimensions of service quality. The management of public sector primary health care institutions ought to improve their service according to all dimensions of service quality. At the same time, they should pay particular attention to the dimensions where this gap was found to be the largest, i.e. »responsiveness«, »assurance« and »reliability«. No connection was established between the size of the measured gap as far as any individual service quality dimension is concerned, and the significance of that particular dimension for service users as compared to other dimensions. The paper may prompt the management and employees of health care institutions to conduct further measuring of their service quality in the future so as to identify the elements which must be improved in order to enhance customer satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The basic aim of the paper is both to offer - through critical »reading« of the popular music cultural product in Zagreb between the two world wars - a review of the diversified usable characteristics of particular musical products that circulated on the then-market of symbolic assets, as well as to single out - in the context of accessible testimonies and data on the social and cultural status of music and its participants during that period - the possible functional dispositions which that product, specifically anchored in time and place, used to have. Creating a theoretical basis by drawing on various, primarily cultural and critical comprehensions of popular music, as well as from other broader context components of the functioning of culture, the paper offers a »polygonal« approach to the popular music phenomenon against the background of textual reading off of its articulations and meanings through (not necessarily) musicologically mediated media and analytical procedures. From comprehension of the very phenomenon of the popular and the popularity of music in the period under consideration, through the interpretation of popular music's functional nesting in the sociocultural context, the paper offers indications of certain basic implications of that way of studying music. The work also touches upon an attempt at the conceptual encompassing of music, not only as note and sound structures mediated by media, but also as a broader cultural product that is exposed to diverse usages and different aims, purposes and functions; of which the popular-fictional feature is certainly a significant one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper describes chronological subject headings used in subject cataloging to express the temporal component of a document. The author explains different methods of representing the deduced time and the position of a chronological subject heading in the complex structure of subject headings and the meaning of the subject string. The use of subdivision elements history and prognosis, and of chronological subject headings in the catalogue of the National and University Library, Zagreb, is described thoroughly with annotated examples for illustration. The paper draws special attention to years, single ones as well as those which are part of chronological subject headings that cover specific periods of time. The author has proposed an outline of historical periods in Croatian history based on the knowledge of Croatian historiography. In conclusion, the author emphasizes the need for consistency in work and the significance of a controlled vocabulary system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper brings, in chronological order, short biographies of the directors of the National and University Library in Zagreb and its predecessor libraries. The introduction offers an overview of the former investigations and accumulated knowledge on the status and role of the previous managers of this central Croatian library, followed by short descriptions of their life and work in the Library. The aim of this paper is to contribute to its 400th anniversary by supplementing the more extensive published works on its collected book heritage, events, premises and services, from which we rarely learn much about the persons who gave the greatest contribution to its development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The basic aim of the paper is both to offer — through critical »reading« of the popular music cultural product in Zagreb between the two world wars — a review of the diversified usable characteristics of particular musical products that circulated on the then-market of symbolic assets, as well as to single out — in the context of accessible testimonies and data on the social and cultural status of music and its participants during that period — the possible functional dispositions which that product, specifically anchored in time and place, used to have. Creating a theoretical basis by drawing on various, primarily cultural and critical comprehensions of popular music, as well as from other broader context components of the functioning of culture, the paper offers a »polygonal« approach to the popular music phenomenon against the background of textual reading off of its articulations and meanings through (not necessarily) musicologically mediated media and analytical procedures. From comprehension of the very phenomenon of the popular and the popularity of music in the period under consideration, through the interpretation of popular music's functional nesting in the sociocultural context, the paper offers indications of certain basic implications of that way of studying music. The work also touches upon an attempt at the conceptual encompassing of music, not only as note and sound structures mediated by media, but also as a broader cultural product that is exposed to diverse usages and different aims, purposes and functions; of which the popular-fictional feature is certainly a significant one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper describes the application of UDC in subject indexing in the Library of Social Work Studies at the Faculty of Law, University of Zagreb. The author gives an overview of the field of social studies and the practice of social care and underlines characteristics of the literature in this new and fast changing field. The paper provides information on the initial implementation of the UDC in this special library and explains the aspects of its practical application. Some advantages and disadvantages in using UDC are analysed and a general evaluation of its suitablity for this type of library is given. Overall, the author concludes that the use of UDC contributed to the efficiency of collection organization and management in this special library. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper analyses the need for measures of the Zagreb Strategy of Uniform Policy for Disabled Persons (hereafter: the Zagreb Strategy), the manner of introducing these measures and their realisation in the period from 2003. to 2006. The introductory part of the paper briefly provides basic definitions, historical review of the attitude of society towards disabled persons, a survey of contemporary concepts, approaches and models of protection of this part of the population, as well as the basic characteristics of the disabled persons in the area of the city of Zagreb. The realisation of the Zagreb Strategy measures is considered through the results of the research of the rights of the disabled persons according to the international organisations' methodology, i.e. based on the standardised survey for the analysis of the index of respecting rights of the disabled persons. Since the comparative results of the research prior to the implementation of the Zagreb Strategy and after a half of the period of its validity have been presented, they can be regarded as a pragmatic account of the real situation, because they show how far has the application of the program of action towards the disabled persons in the City of Zagreb gone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article describes records management and registry system (»Registratur « system) of Croatian-Slavonic Regency in Zagreb (1854-1861), as highest governmental body on the territory of the Krownland of Croatia and Slavonia during the period of neoapsolutism in Habsburg's Monarchy. Comparing its records management system with facts known on the same issue from neighboring territories (Carniola, Styria, Soron County in Hungary) the author recognizes similarities of those records management and registry systems, created on the basis of common instructions dating from 1850ies, coming from the highest governmental bodies in the Monarchy. Instructions were concerning records management issues with intention to make records management systems of lower positioned administrative bodies simpler and more similar one to each other, especially their registry plans. Registry plans (»Registratur« plans) of Zagreb's Regency were made by Markus Kremser, clerk originally working in the Regency in Graz. He was invited to Zagreb with purpose to help in plans' creation. He created two different plans, one for the Presidency of the Regency and another one for its departments. Above similarities with neighboring registry plans, based on the similar mandates of the regencies, Kremser also included specific subjects of Zagreb's Regency, involving them as parts of the groupings of subjects (so called »bundles«). Basic elements of the records management systems of the Regency's successors - Regency Council (1861-1869) and Land's Government (1869-1918) - were created in this period, being further developed. Registry plans were later becoming more and more comprehensive and systematic, with intention to better accommodate to new mandates and needs of administration. The basic elements further developed (during Land's Government) were subject groupings, becoming so called »registry bundles«, in which records were concentrated around similar subjects during more years each after others, in so called registry periods (3-5 years), being also grouped at lower levels - as parts of file units - around, so called, radical numbers - i.e. around main numbers of subject files, given in the journals to the first incoming or outcoming paper of the file. The characteristic of papers' groupings, as parts of registry bundles, around main or radical numbers of files, is specific for the Austrian administration of the second half of the 19th century, but was sometimes, in the archival literature, wrongly dated as later innovation, from around 1900. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents 108 development proposals for the Sava river and its banks in Zagreb between 1899 and 2010. The research reveals similar but also diverse concepts with regard to the relevant parameters: the planned use and function of Sava banks, the type of construction, traffic regulation features and landscape design. This analysis can be ground for further research on the evaluation and implementation of these proposals into a wider spatial and social context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Among 65 existing historic squares in Zagreb, 25 have been selected for this analysis. They were formed until 1918 in the areas of Upper town, Kaptol, Central city area and some suburban villages. Based on the clearly defined selection criteria and methodology, this paper considers the origin and historical stratification of the squares according to the periods of their formation as well as their comparable urban features (their site, topography, size and area, forms and proportions, functional and traffic characteristics, equipment, vegetation, landscaping, architectural accents etc.) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The collection of musical instruments from the holdings of the Museum of Arts and Crafts is the only complete collection of this type in the museums of Zagreb, and also the most important such collection in Croatia. Within that collection is a modest but diverse group of keyboard instruments: a clavichord, three square pianos, a portable travel piano, fortepiano, positive, physharmonica, harmonium, an upright piano, two pianonos, and five pianos. Because of the lack of space, some instruments are located in the furniture depot. The instruments date from the second half of the 18th century until the turn from the 19th to the 20th century. Most of them originate from Austria, largely Vienna, thus confirming its musical influence on Zagreb. The paper gives a description of these instruments and attempts to find their place in the historical and social context since their owners mostly belonged to the citizenry, some of them having earned a prominent place in the cultural and artistic life of Zagreb and Croatia. Economically well-situated, they regularly cherished home music-making and, thanks to their music education, were able to play themselves. Some of the exhibited instruments are in poor condition. They would reach their full value and beauty only if they were restored and well tuned, so their repair is necessary. At least one part of the instruments, especially those that are well preserved, should be made playable because that is their primary and undeniable function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper is based on an empirical research with the aim of exploring the impact of construction stages on the functionality of Vrbani III and Spansko-Oranice housing estates. A questionnaire survey was used to gather opinions of the estates' inhabitants on urban features of the estates relating to their construction, ancillary and public facilities, pedestrian zones and parks and traffic. The research results show the causes for differences in the inhabitants' opinions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on city administration documents and professional literature the paper brings an overview of planning and development of Zagreb in 1945-52. According to the quality of architectural design and the development timeline it is possible to differentiate several city areas and two phases - 1945-46 and 1947-52. The greatest accomplishments of Croatian architecture in those periods were the Federal Yugoslav Government building in Belgrade and the buildings in the present Grada Vukovara Street. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the results of an empirical research related to the transformation of the former barracks in Borongaj into a university campus. The aim of the research conducted on 156 students was to establish a basic structure of the examinees’ preferences in relation to spatial reconstruction of Borongaj Campus, and to detect optimal characteristics of the site from the point of view of its users. The conjoint analysis method was used for this purpose. Examinees had to evaluate the (un)acceptability of the six features presented to them. The results show the students cared mostly about the traffic organization within the campus and the location of public facilities. The general assessment was least affected by a possible relationship to the existing architecture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper looks into a long history of the design and construction of the Church of Christ the King in Zagreb from the first Meštrovia’s concepts in 1922 and his second 1936 project to a series of projects worked out with the aim to complete its construction and reinterpret Meštrovia’s original concept including the winning entry of the 2008 competition designed by the architects Nemeth, Kelava and Petljak. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of safety culture at work results in fewer accidents and injuries at work and reduces the costs and losses of business operation. The study in the development and impact of safety culture at work on safety management was conducted on the basis of the results obtained in a preliminary study of safety culture as a factor in safety management. The paper demonstrates the participants' attitudes and evaluation of the safety culture in their companies. The study utilised the questionnaire method and the participants were students at the Public College for Safety in Zagreb. The questionnaire comprised ten groups of questions, ranging from general information on the participants and their company to their attitudes to safety culture in the company. The aim was to establish the achieved level of safety culture in a company and its impact on safety management. The results indicate that in the last two years there has been no significant improvement in the promotion of safety culture in the companies, with exception of the companies in the assimilation stage. The conclusion to be drawn is that in the future it is necessary to improve safety culture in companies in a planned and organised fashion and at all levels of safety management, both on the national level and through implementation of specific activities within companies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents phases of the development from the idea to the final product using the case of a letter opener which contains the visual identity (logotype) of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Zagreb, which has been adapted for the ninetieth anniversary of the Faculty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The work of Tihomil Vidošić (Boljun, Istria, 1 July 1902 - Zagreb, 24 January 1973) can be completely understood only by viewing all aspects of his activity: he was a composer, conductor, educator, and arranger. An autodidact at first, he took lessons from Ivan Matetić-Ronjgov (1880-1960) and started composition and conductor studies at the Music Academy in Zagreb in 1923, although he did not finally complete his courses until 1961. In the meantime, he finished organ studies (1929) and took a job as a military bandmaster, which brought him to Tuzla (Bosnia-Hercegovina) in 1930 and then to Mostar three years later. He was mobilised in 1941 and came back to Zagreb, where he was director of the military Music School (1942-1945). After the war, he worked as a teacher of harmony, solfeggio and as conductor at the new school of music (Gradska glazbena škola, later Glazbena škola Pavla Markovca in Zagreb) until his death in 1973. Throughout all that time, he composed and developed his compositional style, very often dedicating his works to the ensembles he was conducting and, later, to his pupils, who gladly played his music that suited them technically and stylistically. A major part of his legacy was found in 2004, almost by accident. The author of this text sorted and catalogued the material (the basis of her graduation thesis) as a precondition for later studies of Vidošić's work. Alojzije Seder, who bought the legacy, donated it to the Croatian Institute of Music (Hrvatski glazbeni zavod) in Zagreb, where it was archived under Inventory Number 38. The legacy consists of: books (mostly on music), printed music material, hand-written music material and various types of documents (letters, annotations, lists [of works], and 4 versions of the composer's autobiographies). The books and documents were catalogued using a standard word processor program (Microsoft Word) while RISM standards (ISIS software) were used for all the music material. The most interesting and most valuable parts of the legacy are Vidošić's manuscripts that are unique examples - such as the long sought after score of Vidošić's most popular work, the comic opera Stari mladić / An Old Lad - but this is definitely not the complete legacy that was in the possession of either Vidošić or his widow Štefica. It was partly destroyed (mostly by damp) and partly sold before it came into the possession of Alojzije Seder. That is why it is difficult to draw a relevant conclusion (about the composer's treatment of his own work, for example). One can find Vidošić's original scores, arrangements (including many folk songs and dance arrangements), and transcriptions of other composers' works. Amongst Vidošić's original compositions, some are well-preserved and in complete form, but there are many piano scores (without instrumentation/orchestration) and sketches bearing the annotation «finished». The aim of this paper has been to systematize the material found in the legacy of Tihomil Vidošić and to show at least a part of his interests, which might encourage further studies and performance of the works of this almost forgotten Croatian composer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to data from secondary sources, Mozart's operas Don Giovanni and Die Zauberflöte were staged with considerable success in Zagreb during the 1830s, but the only Zagreb newspaper Agramer politische Zeitung devoted very little space to musical-scenic works performances at that time. It was not until the 1870s that most of Zagreb newspapers gave announcements and reviews on performances of Mozart's operas; Don Giovanni was staged in 1875 and in 1898 and Die Zaubeflöte in 1899. So these two Mozart's operas were the only ones that had been systematically staged in Zagreb in all three theatres (in so-called Amad. Theater, Stanković Theatre and in today's theatre building) in the German and/or the Croatian language during the 19th century. The characteristics of performances and casts are given in this paper and, on the basis of the newspaper reviews, changes in the journalists' and the audience's reactions in the reception of those works are monitored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a selection of 40 categorized and analyzed projects and realizations between 1923-1941 designed by the architect Vladimir Sterk in the Zagreb area. The analysis shows clarity in plan composition, skillful application of various structural systems and permanent changes in the design including the insertion of classical elements into a clean facade surface and the interruption of a cubic body with classical forms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Number of the regular courts of first instance, being responsable for the territory of the City of Zagreb, changed five times in the period 1945-1970. Only one court existed in the period 1945/1946, three of them were active till 1953, and after that unitary court was established again, working from 1953 to 1955. Two courts were functioning in the period 1956-1959, and three of them from 1959 to 1970. Then they were abolished, and only one court was established again. Only one court of first instance was existing for the territory of the District of Zagreb (Kotar Zagreb) in the period 1945-1955, and after that three of them were working till 1970. Concerning titles two determinants are important: from 1945 to 1963 they were functioning as districtual, and after that, as communal courts, with six changes of attributions. Territorial jurisdiction covered smaller units, known as city regions, till 1952, and after that it was covering communes. Districtual Court for the District of Zagreb (Kotarski sud za kotar Zagreb) was covering, for the whole period of its existence, administratively-territorial unit of People's Liberating Board of Zagreb (NOK Zagreb: Narodnooslobodilački odbor Zagreb). Higher degree court for districtual, respectively communal courts on the territory of the City of Zagreb was County People's Court for the City of Zagreb (Okružni narodni sud za grad Zagreb), and for the Districtual Court for the District of Zagreb (Kotarski sud za kotar Zagreb) it was County Court for the County of Zagreb (Okružni sud za okrug Zagreb) till 1949. Higher degree court for all districtual courts from the territory of the City and District of Zagreb was, from 1949, newly established County Court in Zagreb (Okružni sud u Zagrebu). Law on Organization of People's Courts from August 1945 made the courts, established in the meantime, legal, and, at the same time, prescribed their jurisdiction and organization. In the period described in the paper the Law was amended nine times, particularly in 1948 and 1954. Concerning criminal law the first part of Penal Code was pronounced in 1947, and unitary Code was pronounced in 1951, with amendments in 1959, 1962, 1965, and 1967. The Law on Criminal Procedure was brought in 1948, with amendments in 1959, 1960. and 1967. After the Civil Procedure Act from 1955, parts of civil law were covered with respective acts in 1957 and 1961, but Civil Code has not been brought to light yet. Court's Rules of Procedure were pronounced in 1960. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper discusses several groups of problems identified in classification of art history according to Universal Decimal Classification (UDC). As the first group of issues the author mentions the existence of more than one UDC number for the same concept, and finds that, sometimes, the distinction made in UDC between different aspects of the same concepts is not necessary. In the second group of issues the author lists some deficiences of the UDC scheme as present in the Croatian edition from 2005 (based on the UDC MRF from 1998) and points out the problems of the out-of-date classification of periods of mediaeval art in this edition and confusing terminology and hierarchy of modern and contemporary art. The author describes how the above listed problems are solved in the classification practice of the National and University Library in Zagreb (Croatia). The author clarifies which of the above mentioned issues can be managed through the library's classification guidelines and which can only be alleviated using a revised UDC schedule. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sociology deals with a great number of social phenomena, which are often inter- and multidisciplinary in nature. The paper discusses the relationship between sociology as a science and its representation in the Universal Decimal Classification (UDC) scheme. The author explains some of the issues in classification of documents in the field of sociology and their content complexity and describes the practice in classification adopted by the National and University Library in Zagreb (Croatia). The author illustrates the problem of classification of interdisciplinary subjects with the examples of globalization, violence in mass media, violence in schools, violence in sports etc. In addition, the problem of distinguishing the contents pertaining to sociology from those coming from related disciplines (e.g. social and cultural anthropology, sex and gender studies, feminism and cultural studies) is also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to define the term alternative library and to identify the structure and activities of alternative libraries based on the Zagreb sample. Alternative libraries are civil sector's libraries. These libraries collect and offer the use of their collections to the general public. Their collections cover a variety of topics and subjects from the field of human rights protection, such as rights of women, homosexuals, right to live in peace and free information-access rights. The results of the research conducted at the end of September and the beginning of October 2005 are presented in this article. Using structured interview method, the research was carried out in five Zagreb alternative libraries. The libraries include: Reading-room and Library of The Centre for Women's Studies; the Library of Ženska Infoteka; Lezbib -- lesbian library of Lesbian Group Kontra; Media Archive [mama] of Multimedia Institute [mi2]; and Peace Library of The Centre for Peace Studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paper discusses suburbanization and quality of life in Bistra municipality in western part of Zagreb socio-economic region. Research is primarily based on questionnaire survey (systematic random sample). Main indicators are advantages, disadvantages and future development of municipality as seen by local population. Results have shown that Bistra municipality is representative example of suburbanization in Zagreb green belt. Residential suburbanization, dynamic demographic growth during 1990's and strong dependency on Zagreb have been recognized as main trends. Local population perceives unspoilt environment as the single most important quality of life in their municipality. Lack and inadequacy of communal infrastructure is considered to be the main disadvantage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this paper is to present the first development period of the bibliographic activities in the National and University Library in Zagreb and point particularly to some so far unknown facts connected with this development. Some organisational and other questions during the presidency of the first Library director Ivan Kostren6id are first discussed, followed by a review of activities of Kostrencic's successor Velimir Dezelic. It was established that during the whole period between 1875 and 1918 the Library professionals took into account the necessity of elaboration and publication of the Croatian national bibliography but that the necessary financial and personnel prerequisites for this activity were not extant in the Library at that time. Therefore the Library had to restrict its activities to priority tasks, such as library catalogues for users. Some details about an unsuccessful trial of the production of a Croatian bibliography at the end of the 19th century are presented as well as the creation of the first cataloguing rules in 1913 and plans of V. Dezelic for further development of bibliographic activities in the Library after the end of the First World War. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]