106 results on '"consequences"'
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2. DEGRADACIJA TLA U SVIJETU I HRVATSKOJ.
- Author
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Špoljar, A. and Husnjak, S.
- Subjects
SOIL degradation - Abstract
Copyright of Agronomy Journal / Agronomski Glasnik (0002-1954) is the property of Croatian Society of Agronomists and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
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3. Utilitarizam Ivana Supeka.
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BRACANOVIĆ, TOMISLAV
- Abstract
Copyright of Prilozi za Istrazivanje Hrvatske Filozofske Bastine is the property of Institut za Filosofiju and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2022
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4. Damoklov mač globalne stabilnosti.
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TODOROVIĆ, Miloš and KALINOVIĆ, Milan
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WAR ,RUSSIA-United States relations ,WORLD War II ,RUSSIA-Ukraine Conflict, 2014- ,NINETEENTH century ,RAW materials - Abstract
Copyright of Medunarodni Problemi is the property of Institute of International Politics & Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
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5. Alcoholism Among the Priests of the Đakovo-Osijek Archdiocese
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Stanislav Šota and Ivana Bendra
- Subjects
alcoholism ,priest ,Đakovo-Osijek Archdiocese ,causes ,consequences ,»snowball« ,Philosophy. Psychology. Religion - Abstract
In many countries today, alcoholism is becoming an increasingly common problem, the number of alcoholics is increasing, and the disease occurs in all professions and occupations. Therefore, it is important to talk about the increasing presence of alcoholism not only among lay believers but also among the clergy of the Catholic Church. The aim of this paper is to point out the causes of alcohol addiction and the consequences of alcoholism on the life and work of priests from the area of the Đakovo-Osijek Archdiocese. Based on the results of qualitative-quantitative research conducted using a survey questionnaire (9 priests), sampled using the »snowball« technique, this paper will, for the first time, talk about a problem that has not been discussed in the Croatian scientific community. The conducted research points to stressful events, loneliness, and mis-understanding of superiors and the environment as the main causes of alcoholism among priests.
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- 2021
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6. ISPITNA ANKSIOZNOST: UZROCI, SIMPTOMI I INTERVENCIJE.
- Author
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DŽAFERAGIĆ, Lejla and DAUTBEGOVIĆ, Amela
- Abstract
People face various evaluative situations in which their abilities, skills, traits, knowledge and the like are tested throughout their lives. Since school success, employment opportunities, and career advancement are almost always dependent on success in various test types, many of those evaluations have serious consequences for people’s lives and future. Most people have a specific type of anxiety present in evaluative situations, also known as test anxiety. The aim of this review article is to provide an overview of knowledge about test anxiety, its structure, many causes and risk factors, various symptoms and consequences, and preventive measures and interventions that are commonly applied in practice. Since test anxiety is most prevalent in pupils and students, the last part of the article provides guidelines for pupils, students, and teachers on how to lower the test anxiety level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
- Full Text
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7. THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON WATER RESOURCES IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
- Author
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Erina Dakić
- Subjects
climate change ,precipitation ,impacts ,water resources ,consequences ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 - Abstract
Continuously raising awareness of the issue of climate change helps to better understand it, but there is very little or no implementation of activities to mitigate the effects in practice. Therefore, it is important to collect data, perform analyses and studies in order to improve the existing situation. The paper provides an overview of the current condition caused by climate change with a focus on water resources in Bosnia and Herzegovina, possible consequences in the future and measures recommended to be applied as a means to minimize the negative effects.
- Published
- 2020
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- View/download PDF
8. Seksting među adolescentima.
- Author
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ŠIMIĆ, Katarina
- Abstract
This paper offers an overview of the nature of sexting among young people with a clear description of the definition, prevalence, motives and consequences of participation in sexting. A review of the literature shows that sexting is most often defined as sending, receiving and exchanging sexually explicit content (text messages, photos or videos). In recent years, sexting has become an increasingly popular way of communication among young people. The motives for engaging in sexting are most often flirtation, desire for intimacy and excitement, attracting attention, persuasion to sexting by a partner, desire to initiate sexual activity, but also boredom. The consequences of sexting are usually reflected in low self-esteem, increased stress, symptoms of depression, anxiety, and suicide risks. In the literature, we most often encounter negative outcomes of sexting (anxiety, depression, excessive alcohol use), while the positive outcomes of sexting (normative sexual behavior, relationship satisfaction, arousal, happiness, flirtation) are not sufficiently emphasized. The paper will provide an overview of internationally relevant and recent research on sexting, the prevalence of sexting, the motives for participating in sexting and the consequences of sexting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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9. DEMOGRAFSKE PROMJENE NAKON BERLINSKOG KONGRESA (1878) U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI // DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGES AFTER BERLIN CONGRESS (1878) IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
- Author
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Zećir Ramčilović
- Subjects
bosnia and herzegovina ,demographic changes ,berlin congress ,population censuses ,consequences ,Social history and conditions. Social problems. Social reform ,HN1-995 - Abstract
The Berlin Congress in 1878 ended the war between Russia and the Ottoman Empire, but above all the revision of the San Stefano peace treaty in order to prevent the spread of Russian influence in the Balkans. Austria - Hungary has been given the mandate to occupy and manage Bosnia and Herzegovina. The planned peaceful occupation was oppressed by the people, and the Austro-Hungarian army was given fierce resistance. Nevertheless, Bosnia is occupied with a large number of forces, but also civilian casualties. Official reports state that Austro-Hungary fulfilled the conditions that it bargained in Berlin, but the reality after the occupation was different from that which was found on the paper. The new administration in Bosnia and Herzegovina has made deep and radical changes in the socio - political system, but above all in the lives of ordinary people. The transition of a society that was going on very slowly and complicated had far-reaching consequences, especially on demographic trends in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Demographic changes after 1878 were the result of several factors, primarily the establishment of a new government, a new legal order, a cultural and social transition, and the reorganization of religious life. The centuries-old and, to the greatest extent, the privileged position of Bosnia in the Ottoman Empire was changed to the province of the dual monarchy with the supreme military administrator. The nation was not given the right to participate in the governance of its own country. Every change was pronounced and most often at the expense of the domicile majority Bosniak population. The fact that this period, as in the past, today has a great interest in studying from different points of view, I would like to give a brief review of the demographic changes that took place in Bosnia and Herzegovina after its occupation.
- Published
- 2019
10. An Interview Study of Consequences of Early-Career Unemployment in Bulgaria
- Author
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Veneta Krasteva
- Subjects
early-career unemployment ,consequences ,subjective assessment ,Bulgaria ,Business ,HF5001-6182 - Abstract
The article examines the consequences of prolonged unemployment experienced in the beginning of the career in Bulgaria from a subjective point of view. The analysis is based on information obtained from in-depth interviews with people from three age groups who have entered the labor market in periods with high levels of unemployment. The negative consequences pointed out by the interviewed people include material deprivation, limited access to health services, low self-esteem, interruption of social contacts, postponement of creating a family and living in a home of one’s own, loss of hope for a better future. Along with the negative consequences, some positive ones were also identified, such as strengthening family ties, people’s enhanced motivation to deal with the arising difficulties and their striving for personal development.
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- 2018
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11. Kad je izborna kampanja dobra? Prosudba na primjeru hrvatskih izbora za Europski parlament 2019. godine.
- Author
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Haramija, Predrag
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VOTER turnout ,POLITICAL campaigns ,POLITICAL parties ,ELECTION forecasting ,MOTIVATION (Psychology) ,ELECTIONS ,VOTING - Abstract
Copyright of Obnovljeni zivot is the property of University of Zagreb, Society of Jesus and Faculty of Philosophy & Religious Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
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12. PITANJA I ODNOSI POSLJEDICA IZLOŽENOSTI RIZIKU RADA S AZBESTOM.
- Author
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Učur, M. Đ.
- Subjects
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ASBESTOS , *EMPLOYERS , *GRAVITY , *PAYMENT , *COURTS - Abstract
In numerous companies asbestos was used in the production or realization of the registered business activity, so workers working for these employers were exposed to the risk of the consequences of such work. For some of these workers, the consequences were devastating because asbestosis and other diseases deteriorated their health. Many employers closed down their businesses and some of their legal successors have been out of business since 2005 when asbestos was banned. A serious problem (large number of social cases) is how to compensate (if at all possible) workers who have been exposed to asbestos. States act as the "guarantor" of payment of cash benefits as a form of compensation. The Republic of Croatia is bound by national and regional regulations (ILO Conventions, EU directives), as well as by national regulations governing these issues and relations. The regulations are in force and they form the legal basis in often elaborate and demanding court processes in which financial considerations determine the resolution. Namely, consequences of exposure to asbestos can occur even as late as 30 or 40 years after exposure. The aim of this paper is to shed light on the gravity of the social and legal aspects of this issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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13. Utjecaj klimatskih promjena na vodne resurse u Bosni i Hercegovini.
- Author
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Dakić, Erina
- Subjects
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WATER supply , *CLIMATE change , *AWARENESS , *METEOROLOGICAL precipitation - Abstract
Continuously raising awareness of the issue of climate change helps to better understand it, but there is very little or no implementation of activities to mitigate the effects in practice. Therefore, it is important to collect data, perform analyses and studies in order to improve the existing situation. The paper provides an overview of the current condition caused by climate change with a focus on water resources in Bosnia and Herzegovina, possible consequences in the future and measures recommended to be applied as a means to minimize the negative effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
14. PEDAGOŠKE IMPLIKACIJE SEKSUALNOG ZLOSTAVLJANJA DJECE I MLADIH U OBITELJI.
- Author
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Topalović, Antonio
- Abstract
Copyright of Department of Pedagogy Book of Proceedings / Zbornik Radova Odsjeka za Pedagogiju is the property of University of Sarajevo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
15. Rizik od siromaštva na primjeru studentske populacije
- Author
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Pušić, Marijan, Stanić, Sanja, Buzov, Ivanka, and Lončar, Marija
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socijalne politike ,consequences ,causes ,social exclusion ,social policies ,SOCIAL SCIENCES. Sociology ,risk of poverty ,socijalna isključenost ,posljedice ,rizik od siromaštva ,DRUŠTVENE ZNANOSTI. Sociologija ,researches ,uzroci ,istraživanja - Abstract
Siromaštvo je jedno od gorućih problema suvremenog svijeta i društva. Ono je bilo prisutno u prošlosti te je i danas neravnomjerno zastupljeno u svijetu. Siromašni su ljudi na marginama društva, a često su odbačeni, diskriminirani i potlačeni. S terminom siromaštva, usko je povezan i termin socijalne isključenosti koji se odnosi na nemogućnost sudjelovanja članova društva u aktivnostima u kojima bi željeli sudjelovati. Državne vlasti bi trebale donositi konkretne programe i mjere socijalne politike kako bi smanjile siromaštvo i suzbile njegovo daljnje širenje. Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorku od tristo studenata Filozofskog fakulteta u Splitu, online anketom, kojem je bio cilj istražiti mišljenja i stavove o eventualnom riziku od siromaštva, uzroke i posljedice siromaštva navedene populacije. Rezultatima istraživanja je potvrđeno svih šest hipoteza. Rezultati istraživanja su općenito pokazali postojanje rizika od siromaštva kod studenata. Prevladalo je mišljenje kako su životne okolnosti (nezaposlenost, bolest, niska primanja...) uzrok siromaštva, a slaba prehrana posljedica siromaštva., Poverty is one of the pressing problems of the modern world and society. It was present in the past and is still unevenly represented in the world today. Poor people are on the margins of society, and they are often rejected, discriminated against and oppressed. Closely related to the term poverty is the term social exclusion, which refers to the inability of members of society to participate in activities in which they would like to participate. State authorities should adopt concrete programs and social policy measures to reduce poverty and prevent its further spread. The research was conducted on a sample of three hundred students of the Faculty of Philosophy in Split, through an online survey, the aim of which was to investigate the opinions and attitudes about the possible risk of poverty, the causes and consequences of poverty of the said population. The results of the research confirmed all six hypotheses. The results of the research generally showed the existence of the risk of poverty among students. The prevailing opinion was that life circumstances (unemployment, illness, low income...) were the cause of poverty, and poor nutrition was the consequence of poverty.
- Published
- 2023
16. Rodne razlike u suočavanju s prekidom partnerske veze
- Author
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Balija, Dora, Laklija, Maja, Berc, Gordana, and Buljevac, Marko
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new relationship ,consequences ,initiators ,stressful life event ,breakup of a relationship ,coping strategies and adjustment - Abstract
Rad se bavi rodnim razlikama u suočavanju i prilagodbi na prekid partnerske veze pri čemu se dotiče modela razvod-stres-prilagodba, etapa prekida partnerske veze, razloga, statusa inicijatora prekida kao i posljedica i ulaska u novu partnersku vezu. U radu se navode različiti oblici partnerskih veza od kojih su neke definirane zakonima. Model razvod-stres-prilagodba opisuje prekid partnerske veze kao stresan životni događaj na koji se partneri prilagode suočavanjem. Nadalje, u radu se spominju etape kroz koje partneri prolaze prilikom odluke o prekidu partnerske veze te se dotiče razloga za prekid partnerske veze od kojih se često navode nevjera i emocionalno udaljavanje od partnera. Rad se osvrće na status inicijatora prekida partnerske veze u kojem žene prednjače te koji se povezuje s uspješnijom prilagodbom. U radu su prikazane konstruktivne i neuspješne strategije suočavanja gdje žene češće koriste internalizirane strategije, dok se muškarci okreću eksternaliziranim strategijama suočavanja. Rad se dotiče važnosti podrške i unutarnjih čimbenika prilikom prilagodbe te se navode obrasci prilagodbe, te su prikazane rodne razlike po obrascima. Rad se dotiče pozitivnih i negativnih posljedica prekida partnerske veze gdje žene češće doživljavaju negativne posljedice u odnosu na muškarce, te da muškarci češće ulaze u nove partnerske veze u odnosu na žene., This work deals with gender differences in coping and adjustment to the breakup of a relationship, including the divorce-stress-adjustment perspective, the stages of breakup of a relationship, the reasons, the initiator status as well as the consequences and entering a new relationship. The work lists different forms of relationships, some of which are defined by law. The divorce-stress-adjustment perspective describes the breakup of a relationship as a stressful life event to which partners adjust by coping. Furthermore, the work mentions the stages that partners go through when deciding to break up a relationship and touches on the reasons for breaking up relationship, which are often cited as infidelity and emotional distancing from partner. The work looks at the initiator status in which women lead and is associated with a more successful adjustment. The work presents constructive and maladaptive coping strategies where women more often use internalized strategies while men turn to externalized coping strategies. The work touches on the importance of support and internal factors, and lists patterns of adaptation, and shows gender differences by patterns. The work touches on positive and negative consequences where women experience negative consequences more often than men. The work shows that men enter new relationship more often than women.
- Published
- 2023
17. Hypermobility syndrome and its consequences and method of treatment
- Author
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Mišlov, Tomislav and Vlahek, Pavao
- Subjects
hipermobilni sindrom ,posljedice ,treatment ,BIOMEDICINA I ZDRAVSTVO. Kliničke medicinske znanosti. Fizikalna medicina i rehabilitacija ,hypermobility ,consequences ,BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE. Clinical Medical Sciences. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation ,hipermobilnost ,liječenje ,hypermobility syndrome - Abstract
Hipermobilni sindrom se definira kao povećanje opsega pokretljivosti zglobova. Ovaj pretjerani opseg pokreta nastaje zbog labavosti vezivnog tkiva, uglavnom ligamentarnog tkiva, a srž uzroka problema nalazi se u kolagenu. Naime, kako je kolagen prožet kroz cijeli ljudski organizam ovo oboljenje zahvaća više sustava pa ga nazivamo multisistemskim. Bol je glavni problem s kojim se nose oboljeli, te se ista najčešće reflektira u koljenima, kralježnici, ramenima i stopalima. Nadalje, bol je najčešći razlog zbog kojega se ovi pacijenti javljau u zdravstvene ustanove. Kako bi im se osigurala bolja kvaliteta života treba im se pružiti kvalitetna zdravstvena skrb s naglaskom na holistički pristup. Fizioterapeuti su ti koji osmišljaju plan i program rehabilitacije zajedno s ostalim članovima tima. Kako bi tretman bio odgovarajuć baš za svakog pojedinca potrebno je napraviti cijelokupnu fizioterapijski procjenu koja uključuje razne testove i slale s kojima se mjeri razina laksativna a samim time i utvrđuje ima li osoba ili nema hipermobilni sindrom. Uz sastavnice anamneze i kliničkog pregleda potrebno je provesti oređene laboratorijske testove kako bi se isključila mogućnost pogreške u postavljanju dijagnoze. Nakon sveobuhvatne procjene fizioterapeut i tim kreiraju plan i program rehabilitacije koja uljučuje razne vježbe propriocepcije, jačanja muskulature, dinamičke kontrole i drugih, a sve s ciljem osiguravanja visokokvalitetnog tretmana ovog oboljenja. Nesmije se zaboraviti educirati pacijenta o njegovom zdravstvenom stanju te kako se nositi s njim jer bez visokokvalitetne edukacije rezultati neće biti zadovoljavajući. The definition of joint hypermobility syndrome is an increased range of movement within the joints. This type of increased range of movement is caused by excessive laxity of the connective tissue, mostly fibrous connective tissue, known as ligaments, but the core of the issue is the defect of collagen. Considering that collagen is located all over the human body, this type of syndrome affects several body systems meaning that it is a multisystem syndrome. The main problem for patients suffering from hypermobility syndrome is pain which mostly reflects in the knees, spine, shoulders and feet. Furthermore, pain is the main reason why patients decide to get a health checkup. In order to insure patients a better quality of everyday life, it is important to provide them proper hollistic healthcare. Physiotherapists are those who come up with the plan and rehabilitation program along with thw rest of the healthcare team. For the treatment to be matching with the patients needs, it is essential to make a complete physiotherapy assement which includes various tests and scales that help measure the level or score for ligament laxity and conclude whether the patient has hypermobility syndrome or not. Using the anamnesis and clinical check-up components, it is crucial to require laboratory tests in order to exclude a possibility of formulating a wrong diagnosis. After a comprehensive assesment, the physiotherapist and team create a rehabilitation plan and program which consists of various proprioception exercises, muscle strengthening activities and dynamic controls with the goal of securing high quality care with this syndrome. It is important to remember to educate the patient about their health condition and how to deal with it because without high quality education, the results of the treatment will be unsatifactory.
- Published
- 2023
18. FASHION ILLUSTRATIONS INSPIRED BY THE ANTHROPOCENE AND GLOBAL WARMING
- Author
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Pehar, Nora, Jazvić, Paulina, Mrčela, Ivana, Brlobašić Šajatović, Blaženka, and Sovar, Marin
- Subjects
climate change ,consequences ,Anthropocene ,human effect ,global warming - Abstract
Ovaj rad bavi se tematikom antropocena i globalnog zatopljenja koji je dio naše svakodnevnice, a u hrvatskoj literaturi dosta zapostavljen. U prvom djelu rada opisan je pojam „antropocen“ kao novo doba u kojem se mi trenutno nalazimo, a što još nije dokazano. U drugom djelu obraĎuje se problem globalnog zatopljenja, njegovi uzroci i moguće posljedice za svijet i čovječanstvo. Na kraju drugog djela navode se načini smanjenja globalnog zatopljenja ljudskim aktivnostima i djelovanjem. Treći dio obraĎuje izloţbu inspiriranu antropocenom i čovjekom koji ţivi u tom dobu. Cilj rada je podići razinu sviijesti o problemu globalnog zatopljenja, ljudskom učinku na taj problem te provući poruku da svaki pojedinac moţe poduzeti neke korake kako bih pomogao u borbi protiv globalnog zatopljenja., My work deals with the topic of the Anthropocene and global warming, which is a part of our everyday life, and is neglected in Croatian literature. In the first part of the paper, the term "anthropocene" is described as a new age we are currently in, and which has not yet been proven. The second part deals with the problem of global warming, its causes and possible consequences for the world and humanity. At the end of the second part, I listed some of the ways to reduce global warming through human activities and actions. The third part deals with the exhibition inspired by the Anthropocene and the man who lives in that age. My main goal with the help of this work is to raise the level of awareness about the problem of global warming, the human effect on that problem, and convey the message that every individual can take some steps to help fight against global warming.
- Published
- 2023
19. Gambling as a new age hobby
- Author
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Dragojlov, Dijana and Božičević, Marija
- Subjects
gambling ,posljedice ,hobby ,hobi ,consequences ,pathological gambling ,BIOMEDICINA I ZDRAVSTVO. Kliničke medicinske znanosti. Sestrinstvo ,patološko kockanje ,BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE. Clinical Medical Sciences. Nursing ,kockanje - Abstract
Klađenje ili „igre“ koje traže ulaganje novca imaju zajednički naziv kockanje. Rezultati najviše ovise o sreći, a nikako ili veoma malo o sposobnosti igrača. Aktivnosti koje pojedinac ne radi zbog novaca već zbog svog osobnog zadovoljstva naziva se hobi. Tako bi kockanje kao hobi novog doba mogli definirati kao aktivnost ulaganja nečeg vrijednog u događaj koji može rezultirati boljim ili povoljnijim ishodom za osobu koja ulaže, a osnova im je pružanje osobnog zadovoljstva. To je zapravo kompleksan fenomen čije uporište nalazimo u samoj prirodi čovjekovih potreba. Naime, još u davnoj prošlosti čovjek je svoje slobodno vrijeme provodio kockajući. U posljednjih nekoliko godina popularnost ove aktivnosti povećala je pojava online stranica na kojima se ljudi mogu kladiti, igrati igre, te gledati prijenose najzanimljivijih sportskih događaja. Da je kockanje jedan od najrasprostranjenijih hobija dokazala su mnoga istraživanja. Ovim aktivnostima bave se i žene i muškarci, no istraživanja pokazuju da se kockanjem ipak više bave osobe muškog spola. Na pitanje zašto ljudi vole kockanje možemo dobiti mnogo odgovora, a neki od najzastupljenijih su: mnoštvo reklama, znatiželja, dobra prilika za zaradom i brza zarada, laka dostupnost, stres, socijalizacija. Kockanje može dovesti do ovisnosti i tu ovisnost nazivamo ponašajna ovisnost – patološko kockanje. Kao i svaka ovisnost, patološko kockanje ima velike posljedice. Socijalne i zdravstvene posljedice kockanja očituju se i na individualnoj i na društvenoj razini. Osobne posljedice uključuju izrazitu promjenjivost raspoloženja, razdražljivost, problemi na poslu, problemi u međuljudskim odnosima, zanemarivanje najbliže obitelji i bankrot. Kockanje započinje kao bezazlena zabava i za određeni dio ljudi ostaje bezazlena zabava kroz cijeli život. Kod manjeg broja ljudi nepovoljni životni čimbenici mogu iznenada preokrenuti takvu zabavu u tešku ovisnost. Danas postoje stručnjaci koji su osposobljeni da onima koji se suočavaju s problemom kockanja pomognu otkriti unutarnje snage kojima će lakše savladati svoje probleme. Betting or "games" that require the investment of money are collectively known as gambling. The results depend mostly on luck, and not at all or very little on the ability of the player. Activities that an individual does not for money but for personal satisfaction are called hobbies. Thus, gambling as a hobby of the new age could be defined as the activity of investing something valuable in an event that can result in a better or more favorable outcome for the person who invests, and at the same time the basis is providing them with personal satisfaction. It is actually a complex phenomenon, the basis of which we find in the very nature of human needs. Namely, even in the distant past, man spent his free time gambling. In the last few years, the popularity of this activity has been increased by the appearance of online sites where people can bet, play games, and watch broadcasts of the most interesting sports events. Many studies have proven that gambling is one of the most widespread hobbies. Both men and women engage in these activities, but research shows that gambling is more often done by men. We can get many answers to the question of why people like gambling, and some of the most common ones are: a lot of advertisements, curiosity, a good opportunity to earn money and quick earnings, easy availability, stress, socialization. Gambling can lead to addiction and we call this addiction behavioral addiction - pathological gambling. Like any addiction, pathological gambling has major consequences. The social and health consequences of gambling are manifested both on an individual and a societal level. Personal consequences include extreme mood swings, irritability, problems at work, problems in interpersonal relationships, neglect of immediate family, and bankruptcy. Gambling begins as a harmless pastime and for a certain part of people it remains a harmless pastime throughout their lives. For a smaller number of people, unfavorable life factors can suddenly turn such fun into a serious addiction. Today, there are experts who are trained to help those who have a gambling problem discover inner strengths that will help them overcome their problems.
- Published
- 2023
20. Family influence on youth gambling
- Author
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Sekondo, Marija, Blažeka Kokorić, Slavica, Laklija, Maja, and Leutar, Zdravka
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gambling ,youth ,family ,prevention ,parenting ,consequences - Abstract
Kockanje je aktivnost koja datira od davne povijesti, a naširoko je prisutna i u današnjem društvu. Iako je u Hrvatskoj zakonski zabranjeno sudjelovanje osoba mlađih od 18 godina u igrama na sreću, navedeno zakonsko ograničenje ne provodi se dovoljno restriktivno u praksi, a kontrola pristupa maloljetnika kockanju posebno je otežana u online okruženju. Mladi predstavljaju posebno ranjivu skupinu za razvoj patološkog kockanja. Procjenjuje se da oko 4-8% adolescenata ima ozbiljne probleme vezane uz kockanje i klađenje. Cilj ovog rada je temeljem dosadašnjih istraživačkih i teorijskih spoznaja, pojasniti na koji način različiti aspekti obiteljskog okruženja utječu na kockanje mladih. U radu se ističe da je obitelj, uz individualne i okolišne faktore, jedna od najvažnijih komponenti pri formiranju stavova i ponašanja djece i mladih spram kockanja. Međugeneracijski prijenos kockanja može se objasniti učenjem po modelu, formiranjem stavova o kockanju kroz odgoj djece te direktnim ili indirektnim podržavanjem kockarskih aktivnosti od strane roditelja. Zaključno, ističe se važnost prevencije i pravovremene reakcije obitelji i šire okoline na pojavu problematičnog kockanja kod mladih., Gambling is an activity that dates back to ancient history and is widely present in today's society. Although the participation of persons under the age of 18 in games of chance is legally prohibited in Croatia, the existent legal restriction is not implemented restrictively enough in practice, and control of minors' access to gambling is particularly difficult in the online environment. Young people represent a particularly vulnerable group for the development of pathological gambling. It is estimated that around 4-8% of adolescents have serious problems related to gambling and betting. The goal of this paperwork is to clarify how different aspects of the family environment influence youth gambling, based on research and theoretical knowledge so far. The paper points out that the family, along with individual and environmental factors, is one of the most important components in the formation of the attitudes and behaviour of children and young people towards gambling. The intergenerational transmission of gambling can be explained by model learning, the formation of gambling attitudes through raising children, and direct or indirect support of gambling activities by parents. In conclusion, the importance of prevention and timely reaction of family and the wider environment to the emergence of problematic gambling among young people is emphasized.
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- 2022
21. Attitudes and behavioral changes of pregnant women in postpartal period regarding smoking
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Namjesnik, Lea and Meštrović, Tomislav
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posljedice ,harmfulness ,consequences ,trudnoća ,pregnancy ,BIOMEDICINA I ZDRAVSTVO. Javno zdravstvo i zdravstvena zaštita. Javno zdravstvo ,cigarettes ,cigarete ,štetnost ,BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE. Public Health and Health Care. Public Health - Abstract
Dim cigarete je složena, heterogena mješavina više od 4000 spojeva, uključujući nikotin, ugljik monoksid, karcinogenih i teških metala. U trudnoći dim cigarete negativno utječe na ograničavajući opskrbu kisikom i hranjivim tvarima, mijenjajući njegov rast i utječe na razvoj organa kao što su mozga i pluća. Pušenje u samoj trudnoći negativno utječe na zdravlje majke i fetusa, pa se zbog toga zagovara prestanak pušenja kako bi se eliminirao ovaj čimbenik rizika i poboljšao ishod trudnoće. Pušenje se dugo povezivalo s povećanom stopom pobačaja, mrtvorođenih beba, abrupcija posteljice, prijevremenih poroda i niske porođajne težine. Novi dokazi upućuju na to da in utero izloženost pušenju ima dugotrajne neonatalne štetne posljedice kao što su poremećeni neurološki razvoj, endokrina disfunkcija i onkogeneza. Istraživanje je provedeno pomoću kvalitativnog pristupa metodom problemski usmjerenog polustrukturiranog intervjua koji omogućava ulazak u problematiku teme dublje i učinkovitije te bolji uvid u način razmišljanja trudnica. U istraživanje u ovom radu je bilo uključeno 14 trudnica od kojih 4 nikad nije nikad pušilo, 3 ih je prestalo pušiti kod samog saznanja trudnoće i 7 koje su aktivne pušačice. Rezultati su pokazali različitu informiranost žena o štetnosti pušenja tokom trudnoće, ali ipak mali broj se odlučuje na prekid pušenja i kod većine pitanja svaka ima različiti način razmišljanja. Svakako je trudnice važno informirati da se uključe u adekvatne programe ili savjetovališta da prestanu s pušenjem poželjno kod same spoznaje trudnoće ili barem da smanje koliko se to može. Cigarette smoke is a complex, heterogeneous mixture of more than 4,000 compounds, including nicotine, carbon monoxide, carcinogens, and heavy metals. In pregnancy, cigarette smoke negatively affects limiting the supply of oxygen and nutrients, altering its growth and affecting the development of organs such as the brain and lungs. Cigarette smoking during pregnancy adversely affects maternal and fetal health, therefore smoking cessation is advocated to eliminate this risk factor and improve pregnancy outcome. Smoking has long been associated with increased abortion rates, stillbirths, placental abruption, premature births, and low birth weight. New evidence suggests that in utero exposure to smoking has long-term neonatal adverse effects such as impaired neurological development, endocrine dysfunction, and oncogenesis. This research was conducted with a qualitative approach using the method of a problem-oriented semi-structured interview, which enables a deeper and more effective way to find out the issues of this topic and a better understanding of how pregnant women think. 14 pregnant women were included in this research, 4 of them had never smoked, 3 of them stopped smoking when they found out about the pregnancy, and 7 of them are active smokers. Results showed that women have different information about the harmful effects of smoking during pregnancy, but still only a small number decide to stop smoking, and everyone has a different way of thinking about most questions. It is certainly important to inform pregnant women to join adequate programs or counseling centers, to stop smoking, preferably as soon as they find out about the pregnancy, or at least to reduce it as much as possible.
- Published
- 2022
22. THE IMPACT OF IMPLEMENTATION OF ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGES ON EMPLOYEE BEHAVIOR
- Author
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Pintera, Viktorija, Stanić Šulentić, Marina, Stanić, Milan, and Bartolović, Višnja
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organizational change ,employees ,consequences ,control ,behaviour - Abstract
Organizacijska promjena odnosi se na promjenu struktura, strategija, procedura ili kultura organizacija. Pojam obuhvaća sadržaj onoga što se mijenja (tj. "što"), te proces kojim se to događa (tj. "kako"). Po definiciji, promjena znači prijenos organizacije iz jednog stanja u drugo. Promjena može biti namjerna kako bi se dobile ili izgubile određene karakteristike organizacije kako bi se postigao navedeni cilj, ili možda nije namjerna i može se dogoditi kao rezultat događaja koji su izvan kontrole organizacije. Kada se prolazi kroz drastične promjene, drugi dijelovi organizacije mogu biti nenamjerno pogođeni. Nenamjerne posljedice organizacijske promjene mogu biti pozitivne ili negativne, a veća je vjerojatnost da će se dogoditi kada je za provedbu odluke o promjeni potreban veliki broj transakcija i kada su potrebne mnoge specijalizirane sposobnosti za rješavanje problema. U svakom slučaju, organizacijska promjena predstavlja nešto novo i intrinzično nepoznato za organizaciju i njezine članove, što može dosta poremetiti postojeće strukture i procese., Organizational change refers to a change in the structure, strategy, procedures or culture of an organization. The term includes the process by which it happens (ie "how") and what is changed (ie "what"). By definition, change means the transfer of an organization from one state to another. This change may be intentional in order to gain or lose specific characteristics of the organization in order to achieve a stated goal, or it may be unintentional and may occur as a result of events beyond the organization's control. Additionally, other parts of the organization may be unintentionally affected during the change process, especially when the change is perceived as excessive. This unintended consequence of organizational change can be positive or negative, and is more likely when a large number of transactions are required to implement change decisions and when many specialized problem-solving skills are required.
- Published
- 2022
23. Immediate and long-term effects of child abuse and neglect in the family
- Author
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Busija, Ivana, Ajduković, Marina, Rajhvajn Bulat, Linda, and Rezo Bagarić, Ines
- Subjects
prevention ,child abuse ,consequences ,child neglect ,protection - Abstract
Tematika zlostavljanja i zanemarivanja djece vrlo je osjetljivo područje, a osobito zato što su u pitanju djeca kojima je potrebna zaštita i briga roditelja, drugih organizacija i sustava općenito kako bi im se osigurao zdrav rast, razvoj i napredak na svim područjima života. Navedena tematika obrađuje se u brojnim radovima, međutim kako se mijenja stil i uvjeti života tako se mijenja i poimanje zlostavljanja i zanemarivanja pa je ono još uvijek predmet istraživanja. Zlostavljanje se može grupirati kao fizičko zlostavljanje, psihičko zlostavljanje, seksualno zlostavljanje i zanemarivanje pri čemu obično jedna vrsta zlostavljanja odnosno zanemarivanja, u sebi nosi i drugu vrstu zlostavljanja. Zlostavljanje i zanemarivanje ostavlja ozbiljne i teške posljedice po dijete, a to pokazuju i brojna istraživanja koja se posljednjih desetak godina sve više bave tom tematikom. Sva istraživanja pokazuju da je zlostavljanje i zanemarivanje u djetinjstvu povezano sa lošijim životnim ishodima. Zlostavljanje i zanemarivanje djece negativno utječu na neurološki i na psihički razvoj, a kao najčešće utvrđene posljedice navodi se depresija, anksioznost, posttraumatski stresni poremećaj, neposredno lošiji akademski uspjeh (kognitivno funkcioniranje) te sveukupno lošija opća razina dobrobiti djece. Budući da izloženost nasilju ostavlja posljedice za čitav život izuzetno je važno raditi na prevenciji i zaštiti djece od nasilja, odnosno zlostavljanja i zanemarivanja u obitelji., The matter of child abuse and neglect is a very sensitive domain, especially because it includes children who need the protection and care of their parents, other organizations and systems in general, in order to ensure their healthy growth, development and progress in all areas of life. The aforementioned topic is covered in numerous researches, however, as the style and living conditions change, so does the concept of abuse and neglect, so it is still the subject of research. Abuse can be grouped as physical abuse, psychological abuse, sexual abuse and neglect, where usually one type of abuse or neglect carries with it another type of abuse. Abuse and neglect have serious and difficult consequences for the child, as shown by numerous studies that have been increasingly dealing with this topic in the last ten years. All researches show that childhood abuse and neglect is positively associated with poorer functional outcomes. Child abuse and neglect has a negative effect on neurological and psychological development, and the most frequently identified consequences are depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, immediately worse academic performance (cognitive functioning) and an overall worse general level of children's well-being. Since exposure to violence leaves consequences for the whole life, it is extremely important to work on the prevention and protection of children from violence, that is, abuse and neglect in the family.
- Published
- 2022
24. The impact of growing up in poverty on later life chances
- Author
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Župan, Anamarija, Družić Ljubotina, Olja, Kletečki Radović, Marijana, and Majdak, Marijana
- Subjects
life chances ,eduaction ,poverty ,consequences ,childhood poverty ,helath - Abstract
Ovaj rad pregled je znanstvenih radova koji istražuju i proučavaju siromaštvo i njegove utjecaje. Cilj rada je spoznati kako siromaštvo u dječjoj dobi utječe na životne prilike u odrasloj dobi. Problem siromaštva prepoznat je kao višeznačan fenomen koji utječe na različite aspekte života. Jedan od aspekata siromaštva je i dječje siromaštvo koje je aktualan problem. Dječje siromaštvo utječe na daljnje životne prilike u odrasloj dobi na što se ovaj rad posebno osvrće. Utjecaj dječjeg siromaštva na životne prilike u odrasloj dobi prikazan je kroz posljedice na zdravlje, posljedice na obrazovanje i mogućnosti zapošljavanja te kroz rizik od siromaštva u odrasloj dobi. Pregledom literature spoznato je da odrastanje u siromaštvu negativno utječe na psihofizičko zdravlje te da djeca odrasla u siromaštvu imaju lošije obrazovne rezultate od ostalih vršnjaka. Lošiji obrazovni rezultati često znače smanjenu mogućnost zapošljavanja ili rad na slabije plaćenim poslovima što može biti rizik za život u siromaštvu u odrasloj dobi., This paper is an overview of scientific articles and research that are studying poverty and its effects. The purpose of this paper is to find how poverty in childhood affects later life chances. Poverty is recognized as an ambiguous phenomenon which has an impact on different aspects of life. Childhood poverty has long-term effects on life chances and this problem is the focal point of this paper. Effects of childhood poverty on the life of a grown-up person are shown through consequences on health, education, employability and lastly trough risk of continuing poverty in adulthood. Results of reviewing the literature showed that childhood poverty has negative effects on psychophysical health and that children who grew up in poverty have lower education than their peers. Lower education is often connected with working in low-wage jobs or the risk of becoming unemployable which can later lead to poverty in adulthood.
- Published
- 2022
25. Cyberbullying LGBTQ+ osoba; žrtvine percepcije vlastitih iskustava, motiva počinitelja i posljedica
- Author
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Tomić, Oliver and Cepić, Dražen
- Subjects
posljedice ,power imbalance ,motives ,LGBTQ+ community ,DRUŠTVENE ZNANOSTI. Sociologija. Posebne sociologije ,consequences ,disbalans moći ,LGBTQ+ osobe ,SOCIAL SCIENCES. Sociology. Specific Sociologies ,motivi ,cyberbullying - Abstract
Cyberbullying je društveni fenomen koji se zasniva na disbalansu moći između žrtve i počinitelja. To je aktivan, namjeran, ponavljajući, destruktivni proces s ciljem da se žrtvu uvrijedi, omalovažava te u konačnici izolira iz društva putem Interneta (društvene mreže, forumi i sl.). Viktimizacija dolazi kao posljedica objektivizacije žrtve od strane počinitelja. Presjek prethodnih podataka u kontekstu istraživanja cyberbullying-a LGBTQ+ osoba pokazali su kako su osobe neheteroseksualne orijentacije u prosjeku višestruko izloženije nekom obliku nasilja, kako putem Interneta, tako i uživo. Dosadašnja istraživanja na temu, uglavnom su kvantitativne metodologije i ne pružaju dubinski uvid u istraživani fenomen. Iskustva neheteroseksualnih žrtava cyberbullying-a temeljenog na njihovoj seksualnoj orijentaciji, pružaju uvid u potencijalne motive počinitelja, mehanizme cyberbullying-a i percepciju žrtve ukupnog iskustva - percepcija motiva počinitelja i posljedice žrtve takvog iskustva. Motivi uporište mogu imati u raznim ideologijama te se putem istih perpetuiraju i rezultiraju destruktivnim ponašanjem pojedinaca. Cyberbullying is a social phenomenon based on the imbalance of power between the victim and the perpetrator. It is an active, deliberate, repetitive, destructive process with the aim of insulting, belittling and ultimately isolating the victim from society via the Internet (social networks, forums, etc.). Victimization comes as a result of objectification of the victim by the perpetrator. A cross-section of previous data in the context of research into cyberbullying of LGBTQ+ people showed that people of non-heterosexual orientation are, on average, multiple times more exposed to some form of violence, both via the Internet and in person. Previous researches on the subject are mainly quantitative methodologies and do not provide in-depth insight into the investigated phenomenon. The experiences of non-heterosexual victims of cyberbullying based on their sexual orientation provide insight into the perpetrator's potential motives, cyberbullying mechanisms and the victim's perception of the overall experience - the perception of the perpetrator's motives and the victim's consequences of such an experience. Motives can be based in various ideologies and are perpetuated through them and result in the destructive behavior of individuals.
- Published
- 2022
26. YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT IN THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA
- Author
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Petrović, Nikolina, Knežević Kušljić, Sanja, Sigurnjak, Lena, and Kulaš Mirosavljević, Anita
- Subjects
sources ,Unemployment ,consequences ,impact ,labor market ,youth unemployment - Abstract
Nezaposlenost, problem s kojim svaka država ima problem, te možda jedna od riječi koja se najviše spominje u današnjem svijetu. Upravo iz tog razloga odlučila sam se za ovu temu. Nažalost danas se sve više susrećemo s time da naša mladež odlazi, te s problemom odljeva mozgova. Uložimo u naše mlade ljude, no u njihovu budućnost i u njihov ostanak ovdje ne uložimo puno. Znamo da nezaposlenost utječe na smanjenje gospodarskog razvoja, ali ima i društvene posljedice. Prikupljanjem mjesečnih statistika se može usporediti naša zemlja s drugim zemljama, te otkriti koliko je napredovala ili pak nazadovala u odnosu na druge zemlje. Iako naša zemlja nije jedina koja ima problem s nezaposlenošću, ali je upravo naša zemlja izgubila puno mladih jer im nije pružala prilike kakve su trebali dobivati. Više praksa u srednjim školama, te na fakultetu se treba uvoditi. Jer nažalost ponekad nakon završetka školovanja, mladi nisu usvojili ekonomske pojmove. U državi koja je predivna, mirna i lijepa događaju se stvari poput nezaposlenosti gdje ljudi svih uzrasta gube nadu u nju., Unemployment, a problem with which every country has a problem, and perhaps one of the most mentioned words in today's world. It is precisely for this reason that I decided on this topic. Unfortunately, today we are increasingly faced with the fact that our youth are leaving, and with the problem of brain drain. We invest in our young people, but we don't invest much in their future and their stay here. We know that unemployment affects the reduction of economic development, but it also has social consequences. By collecting monthly statistics, it is possible to compare our country with other countries, and find out how far it has progressed or regressed in relation to other countries. Although our country is not the only one that has a problem with unemployment, it is precisely our country that has lost a lot of young people because it did not provide them with the opportunities they should have received. More practice in secondary schools and at the university should be introduced. Because unfortunately, sometimes after finishing school, young people have not adopted economic concepts. In a country that is wonderful, peaceful and beautiful, things like unemployment are happening where people of all ages are losing hope in it.
- Published
- 2022
27. BETTER'S SOCIAL BACKGROUND: MEN'S EXPERIENCES
- Author
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Škrtić, Anamarija, Bandalović, Gorana, Stanić, Sanja, and Buzov, Ivanka
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gambling ,betting ,family ,motives ,consequences ,experiences ,social background - Abstract
Ovaj diplomski rad donosi pregled socijalne pozadine kladioničara.Socijalna pozadina je uključivala motive, iskustva i posljedice klađenja kod pojedinaca. Kockanje ili kocka zajednički je naziv za skup raznovrsnih igara, ponašanja i aktivnosti, koje uključuju ulaganje novca, uz rizik i nadu u očekivanje pozitivnog ishoda, tj. igrač riskira i nada se da će povratiti uloženo ili dobiti više od toga (Koić i sur., 2009). Istraživanje je provedeno kroz lipanj i srpanj 2022. godine putem Google Meet aplikacije i uživo na uzorku od 10 sudionika. Uzorak je neprobabilistički te je dobiven metodom sniježne grude. Rezultati su pokazali kako je kod većine sudionika prisutna motivacija zabava i adrenalin, dobiveni novac uvelike bio vraćen nazad u kladionicu, također i potrošen je novac namijenjen za bitnije stvari, zatim obitelj je kod većine je bila dosta negativna u vezi zatim roditelji su bili upoznati s tim aktivnostima. I za kraj, nitko od sudionika se nije osjećao radi toga etiketirano od strane drugih, osim jednog sudionika, kojeg član obitelji etiketira. Istraživanje upućuje na prevenciju kockanja u ranoj socijalizaciji, to jest u školama., This graduation thesis provides an overview of the social background of bettors. The social background included the motives, experiences and consequences of betting in individuals. Gambling or gambling is a common name for a set of various games, behaviors and activities, which include investing money, with risk and hope in the expectation of a positive outcome, i.e. the player takes a risk and hopes to return the investment or get more than that (Koić et al. , 2009.). The research was conducted through June and July 2022 via the Google Meet application and live on a sample of 10 participants. The sample is non-probabilistic and was obtained by the snowball method. The results showed that the majority of the participants were motivated by fun and adrenaline, the money received was largely returned to the betting shop, the money was also spent for more important things, then the family was quite negative in most cases, then the parents were familiar with those activities. And finally, none of the participants felt labeled by others because of this, except for one participant, who was labeled by a family member. The research points to the prevention of gambling in early socialization, that is in schools.
- Published
- 2022
28. Migrantska kriza 2015. godine i posljedice 'politike otvorenih vrata' Angele Merkel u Njemačkoj
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Vrbek, Kristina, Cvrtila, Vlatko, Barić, Robert, and Tatalović, Siniša
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Germany ,consequences ,migration ,open door policy ,migrant crisis - Abstract
Ovaj rad bavi se analizom političkih, ekonomskih, sigurnosnih i društvenih posljedica političkog poteza Angele Merkel pod nazivom „politika otvorenih vrata“. Svrha ovog rada je istražiti korelaciju demogeografskih podataka zabilježene migrantske populacije u razdoblju 2015. do 2019. godine na području Savezne Republike Njemačke (nadalje: Njemačke) sa političkim, društvenim, ekonomskim i sigurnosnim indeksima kako bi se jasnije ustvrdila prisutnost posljedica političkog poteza Angele Merkel tj. dopuštanja ulaska migrantima na teritorij Njemačke. Slijedom pronađenih podataka, istražit će se i segmentirati političke, ekonomske, društvene i sigurnosne posljedice na način da će svaki segment biti istraživan zasebno. Jedinica istraživanja je Savezna Republika Njemačka u vremenskom periodu od 2015. do 2019. godine. Za segment sigurnosnih posljedica, koristit će se indikatori ljudske sigurnosti radi prikaza stanja kriminaliteta i percepciju sigurnosti kroz istraživanja javnog mijenja. Istraživat će se i promjena strukture stanovništva i procese društvene integracije migranata kako bi se ustanovile društvene posljedice, dok će ekonomske posljedice biti istraživane kroz stopu zaposlenosti i razinu prosječne zarade izbjeglica i migranata u Njemačkoj. Isto tako, kritični unutarnji politički događaji koji su se zbili tijekom istraživanog razdoblja navesti će se kako bi objasnili političke posljedice. Glavna hipoteza je da su posljedice „politike otvorenih vrata“ generalno pozitivne za njemačko društvo. Negativno se odrazilo na pad podrške dotad vladajuće koalicije CSU/CDU zbog čega su prosperirali desničarski populisti AfD. Ekonomske posljedice integracije migranata su generalno pozitivne, ali nužno je poraditi na opsežnijoj i bržoj integraciji migranata i izbjeglica u ekonomski sustav i tržište rada. Društvene posljedice su uvelike pozitivne kroz razvoj daljnjeg multikulturalizma, a politička i društvena inkluzivnost migranata i izbjeglica u Njemačkoj je zajamčena i prisutna. Sigurnosne posljedice su bile vidljive i prisutne u porastu stope ubojstava za 2016. godinu te u porastu broja zadržanih osoba u pritvoru. Navedeno se i poklapa sa padom percepcije građana o povjerenju u nacionalne institucije i EU. Analizom pronađenih relevantnih podataka i izvora uspješno smo odgovorili na navedena istraživačka pitanja i time ispitali gore navedenu hipotezu., This paper deals with the analysis of the political, economic, security and social consequences of Angela Merkel's political move entitled "Open Door Policy". The purpose of this paper is to investigate the correlation of demographic data of the recorded migrant population in the period 2015 to 2019 in the Federal Republic of Germany (here in after: Germany) with political, social, economic and security indices to more clearly establish the presence of Angela Merkel's political move, allowing migrants to enter German territory. Based on the data found, the political, economic, social and security consequences will be investigated and segmented in such a way that each segment will be investigated separately. The research unit is the Federal Republic of Germany in the period from 2015 to 2019. For the security implications segment, human security indicators will be used to show the state of crime and the perception of security through opinion polls. Changes in population structure and social integration processes of migrants will also be explored in order to establish social consequences, while economic consequences will be explored through the employment rate and the level of average earnings of refugees and migrants in Germany. Likewise, critical internal political events that occurred during the period under study will be cited to explain the political implications. The main hypothesis is that the consequences of "Open Door Policy" are generally positive for German society. It had a negative effect on the decline in the support of the then ruling coalition CSU / CDU, which is why the right-wing populists AfD prospered. The economic consequences of the integration of migrants are generally positive, but it is necessary to work on a more extensive and faster integration of migrants and refugees into the economic system and the labor market. The social consequences are largely positive through the development of further multiculturalism, and the political and social inclusion of migrants and refugees in Germany is guaranteed and present. The security consequences were visible and present in the increase in the homicide rate for 2016 and in the increase in the number of detainees. This coincides with the decline in citizens' perceptions of trust in national institutions and the EU. By analyzing the found relevant data and sources, we successfully answered the above research questions and thus tested the above hypothesis.
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- 2022
29. Cybernetic crime during the Covid-19 pandemic
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Kolar, Valentina and Šimunić, Mislav
- Subjects
consequences ,cybercrime ,COVID-19 ,challenges - Abstract
Kibernetički kriminal koji koristi računala za počinjenje drugih kaznenih djela može uključivati upotrebu računala ili mreža za širenje zlonamjernog softvera, ilegalnih informacija ili ilegalnih slika. Glede razvoja računalnog kriminaliteta, prva računala su korištena u znanstvene i vojne svrhe te za poslovanje gospodarskih subjekata. Poticaj za razvoj računalnog kriminaliteta je bio primjena modema, koja omogućava vezu između međusobno udaljenih sustava. Izbijanje koronavirusa (COVID-19) uzrokovalo je povećanje vjerojatnosti i učinka kibernetičkih napada, jer organizacije brzo reagiraju na potencijalno značajne operativne i financijske izazove. Priroda prijetnje također se mijenja, napadači iskorištavaju neizvjesnost i situacije bez presedana. Povećanje udaljenog rada zahtijeva veći fokus na kibernetičku sigurnost, zbog veće izloženosti kibernetičkom riziku. Čini se da mnogi hakeri unapređuju svoju djelatnost kako bi iskoristili novi prelazak tvrtki na rad na daljinu te su razvili novi zlonamjerni softver za napade i infiltriranje u sustave. Prije pandemije, oko 20% kibernetičkih napada koristilo je neviđeni malware ili metode. Tijekom pandemije udio je porastao na 35%. Važno je zapamtiti da se očekuje da će Covid-19 biti privremen, s vremenskim horizontom koji se mjeri u tjednima ili mjesecima. No, to će zakomplicirati ionako složen krajolik za IT i kibernetičko sigurnosno osoblje. Dok troše, razvijaju i razvijaju nove sposobnosti tijekom krize, moraju imati na umu posljedice na cjelokupnu organizaciju., Cybercrime that uses computers to commit other crimes may involve the use of computers or networks to spread malware, illegal information, or illegal images. Regarding the development of computer crime, the first computers were used for scientific and military purposes and for business entities. The impetus for the development of cybercrime was the use of modems, which allow connection between mutually distant systems. The coronavirus outbreak (COVID-19) has caused an increase in the likelihood and impact of cyber attacks, as organizations respond quickly to potentially significant operational and financial challenges. The nature of the threat is also changing, attackers exploiting uncertainty and unprecedented situations. Increasing remote work requires a greater focus on cyber security, due to greater exposure to cyber risk. Many hackers seem to be improving their business to take advantage of companies ’new shift to teleworking and have developed new malware to attack and infiltrate systems. Prior to the pandemic, about 20% of cyber attacks used unprecedented malware or methods. During the pandemic, the share rose to 35%. It is important to remember that Covid-19 is expected to be temporary, with a time horizon measured in weeks or months. But it will complicate an already complex landscape for IT and cyber security staff. As they spend, develop, and develop new skills during a crisis, they must keep in mind the consequences for the entire organization.
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- 2022
30. SAFETY AT WORK IN THE COMPANY HŽ INFRASTRUKTURA D.O.O
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Dodig, Branimir and Krolo - Crvelin, Anita
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posljedice ,training ,safety at work ,consequences ,SOCIAL SCIENCES. Economics ,zaštita na radu ,DRUŠTVENE ZNANOSTI. Ekonomija ,osposobljavanje ,HŽ Infrastruktura - Abstract
Zaštita na radu je pravo i obveza svih subjekata koji u tom procesu sudjeluju bez obzira na spol, vjeru, naobrazbu, nacionalno podrijetlo ili druge osobine. Zaštitu na radu u poduzećima provode poslodavci, njihovi ovlaštenici ,stručnjaci na radu, odbori zaštite na radu, a nadziru inspektori zaštite na radu i drugi državni organi primjenom pravila zaštite na radu. Mjesni sudovi su nadležni za rješavanje sporova. Zadatak provođenja zaštite na radu je smanji ti broj nezgoda na radu i profesionalnih bolesti te stvaranje sigurnih uvjeta rada. Važno je ispravno identificirati nepravilnosti i primijeniti sigurnosna tehnička pravila na radu. U HŽ Infrastrukturi d.o.o. zaštita na radu je vrlo važan dio tehnološkog procesa rada jer angažmanom i produktivnosti smanjuje ozljede na radu i trošak poslodavcu što je iz dokumentacije poduzeća. Occupational safety is the right and obligation of all entities that participate in this process, regardless of " gender, religion, education, national origin or other characteristics. Occupational safety in companies is carried out by employers, their authorized persons, occupational experts, occupational safety committees, and supervised by occupational safety inspectors and other state bodies by applying occupational safety rules. Local courts have jurisdiction to resolve disputes. The task of implementing occupational safety is to reduce the number of accidents at work and occupational diseases and to create safe working conditions. It is important to correctly identify irregularities and apply safety technical rules at work. In HŽ Infrastruktura d.o.o. Safety at work is a very important part of the technological process of work because engagement and productivity reduce, injuries at work and the cost to the employer, which is evident from the documentation.
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- 2022
31. The impact and consequences of social networks use : The impact and consequences of social networks use
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Perhoč, Bojana and Ružić, Erik
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Internet ,social networks ,posljedice ,DRUŠTVENE ZNANOSTI. Ekonomija. Marketing ,consequences ,marketing ,impact ,SOCIAL SCIENCES. Economics. Marketing ,utjecaj ,društvene mreže - Abstract
Danas društvene mreže snažno i neposredno utječu na živote ljudi, na poslovanje poduzeća te na brojne marketinške aktivnosti jer su potpuno promijenile dosadašnji način života, poslovanja i marektinškog utjecaja na ljude. Putem društvenih mreža mnogo je brže, učinkovitije i racionalnije doprijeti do ciljnih kupaca, omogućiti ljudima nesmetanu i direktnu komunikaciju, ali i olakšati poslovanje poduzeća u svru racionalizacije troškova i vremena. Međutim, postojanje društvenih mreža donijelo je i određene posljedice na ljudsko ponašanje, strukturu poslovanja poduzeća te način izvršavanja marketinških aktivnosti i provedbe marketinga. U tom smislu, potpuno je izmijenjen način na koji se danas oblikuju životi ljudi pod utjecajem društvenih mreža što dovodi do određenih divergencija u ljudskom ponašanju, način poslovanja poduzeća ostvario je niz prednosti, a i sam marketing je potpuno izmijenjen jer je sve orijentirano na viralni utjecaj na kupce. Pojava društvenih mreža je transformirala tradicionalan način života i druženja među ljudima, unaprijedila mogućnosti marketinpkih aktivnosti, ali i uvelike utjecala na promjene u ljudskoj osobnosti. SUMMARY Today, social networks have a strong and direct impact on people's lives, the company's operations in many market activities, because the current way of life, business and marketing impact on people have completely changed. Through social networks, it is much faster, more efficient and rational to reach targeted customers, enable people to communicate smoothly and directly, but also to facilitate business operations in order to rationalize costs and time. However, the existence of social networks has brought certain consequences to human behavior, the structure of business operations and the way of performing market activities and proven marketing. In this sense, the way in which the lives of people under the influence of social networks are shaped today has completely changed, which leads to certain divergences in human behavior, the way companies do business has a number of advantages, and marketing has completely changed because everything is oriented . The emergence of social networks has transformed the traditional way of life and socializing among people, improved the possibilities of market activities, but also greatly influenced changes in the human personality.
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- 2022
32. CONSEQUENCES OF ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES
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Vrančić, Lorena, Kosić, Radoslav, Bukvić, Marija, and Manojlović, Mirjana
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understanding ,trauma ,consequences ,emotions ,ACE - Abstract
Nepovoljna dječja iskustva (NDI) su traumatična iskustva koja uzrokuju preplavljujući stres te imaju dugoročne negativne posljedice na psihičko i fizičko zdravlje. Dijete može biti prisiljeno svjedočiti nasilju u obitelji što ima dugotrajne negativne posljedice na dijete iako dijete nikada nije u bilo kojem obliku napadnuto. Nedostatak znanja medicinskog osoblja o brizi za traumatizirane ljude može utjecati na njihove reakcije i sposobnosti za pomoć osobama koje su proživjele nepovoljna dječja iskustva i imaju poremećaj ovisnosti. Kada postoji razumijevanje za ono što je osoba prošla onda se otvaraju vrata ka razumijevanju ponašanja, strahova, mehanizama obrane te mehanizama nošenja sa stresom i zauzvrat se dobiva poboljšana komunikacija i međusobno povjerenje. Ljudska bića kao vrsta nisu evoluirala kao neovisna, samostalna bića već kao društvene životinje čiji je opstanak ovisio o snažnim emocionalnim vezama s obitelji i širom zajednicom. Socijalne i emocionalne veze sastavni su dio našeg biološkog funkcioniranja. Neke od posljedica nepovoljnih dječjih iskustava su: loše opće zdravstveno stanje, učestale somatske tegobe, depresija, jaka tjeskoba, samoubojstvo, antisocijalno i nasilno ponašanje, delinkvencija, ovisnost o alkoholu i drogama, akademske i profesionalne (poslovne) poteškoće, osjećaj izoliranosti te transgeneracijski prijenos traume., Adverse childhood experiences are traumatic experiences that cause overwhelming stress and have long-term negative consequences on mental and physical health. A child may be forced to witness domestic violence which has long-term negative consequences for the child even though the child has never been attacked in any form. Lack of knowledge in medical staff about caring for traumatized people can affect reactions and the ability to help people who survived adverse childhood experiences and have addiction disorders. There needs to be an understanding of what a person has gone through. With the broader picture, a door opens to discernment the behaviours, fears, defense mechanisms and stress coping mechanisms. Its the way medical staff gains improved knowledge about a patient, better communication and trust. Human beings as a species did not evolve as independent, self-contained beings but as social animals whose survival depended on strong emotional ties with family and community. Social and emotional connections are an integral part of our biological functioning. Some of the consequences of adverse childhood expirience are: poor general health, frequent somatic complaints, depression, severe anxiety, suicide, antisocial and violent behavior, delinquency, substance use, academic and professional difficulties, feelings of isolation and transgenerational trauma transmission.
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- 2022
33. Diagnosis and Consequences of Obesity
- Author
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Bekavac, Marinela and Zenić - Sekulić, Nataša
- Subjects
obesity ,disease ,prevention ,diagnosis ,consequences - Abstract
Pretilost se prema Svjetskoj zdravstvenoj organizaciji definira kao bolest u kojoj se višak masnog tkiva nakuplja u tolikoj mjeri da ugrožava zdravlje i svakodnevni život. Zbog raznih utjecaja (globalizacija, urbanizacija, ubrzani način života, povećani stres) ubrzano se povećava udio onih koji se bore sa prekomjernom kilažom i pretilosti. Pretilost je bolest izrazito kompleksnog karaktera koja razvija niz rizika za ostale sustave tijela. Izrazito je bitno dijagnosticirati pretilost u ranoj fazi. U dijagnostici se koriste antropometrijska mjerenja (cilj utvrđivanje dimenzija ljudskoga tijela) i to određivanje indeksa tjelesne mase (ITM), opsega struka, omjera opsega struka i bokova, te analiza sastava tijela. Indeks tjelesne mase predstavlja koeficijent koji prikazuje uhranjenost, a izračunava se kroz odnos mase (kg) i visine (m) i to na način da se masa podjeli sa kvadratom visine (kg/m2). Opsegom struka, te opsezima bokova i struka (waist to hip ratio) otkrivamo o kojem tipu pretilosti se radi, dok mjerenjem kožnih nabora (kaliperom), te mjerenje bioelektričnom impedancom definiramo sastav tijela. Kardiovaskularne bolesti su bolesti koje zahvaćaju srce i kardiovaskularni sustav. Predstavljaju vodeći uzrok smrtnosti u svijetu, te su u korelaciji sa pretilošću. Hipertenzija je bolest tlaka u krvim žilama, te je šest puta češća u pretilih nego u ljudi s normalnom tjelesnom težinom. Osim navedenih komplikacija, važno je istaknuti kolorektalni karcinom, karcinom endometrija i karcinom dojke kao tumore koji se najčešće javljaju kod pretilih osoba. Pretilost ima jaku tendenciju utjecaja i na hormonski sustav, razvojem metaboličkog sindroma i dijabetesa tipa II., te izaziva radnu onesposobljenost i kroničnu bolest zbog osteoartritisa. Respiratorni, urogenitalni i gastrointestinalni sustavi su također pogođeni zbog pretilosti. Prevencija pretilosti uključuje pravilnu i uravnoteženu prehranu, te tjelesnu aktivnost. World Health Organization izdao je jasne upute koliko je tjelesne aktivnosti potrebno u tjednu ljudima u dobi od 18. do 64.
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- 2022
34. Socioeconomic consequences of the 2020 earthquakes in Zagreb and Petrinja
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Dubić, Ivana and Valožić, Luka
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posljedice ,earthquake ,consequences ,INTERDISCIPLINARNA PODRUČJA ZNANOSTI. Geografija ,Petrinja ,INTERDISCIPLINARY AREAS OF KNOWLEDGE. Geography ,Zagreb ,potres - Abstract
U ožujku i prosincu 2020. godine, u Hrvatskoj su se dogodila dva razorna potresa jačine 5.4 i 6.2 s epicentrima u Zagrebu i pokraj Petrinje. Oni su bili popraćeni mnogobrojnim slabijim potresima. Hrvatska se nalazi u seizmički aktivnom području te su ovim potresima prethodili čak i jači potresi u prošlosti. Svi oni bili su očekivani dijelu znanstvene zajednice i stručnjacima jer se Hrvatska nalazi na vrlo nestabilnom području s nekoliko rasjednih zona, ali činjenica da se potrese ne može predvidjeti te da ih često vremenski razdvajaju dulja mirnija razdoblja, prati ih element iznenađenja, čuđenja i šoka u široj javnosti. Potresi ostavljaju niz prostornih ekonomskih i socijalnih posljedica koji se očituju na gotovo svima poljima gospodarstva i kvalitete života građana. In March and December 2020, two devastating earthquakes of magnitude 5.4 and 6.2 occurred in Croatia, with epicenters in Zagreb and near Petrinja. They were accompanied by many weaker earthquakes. Croatia is in a seismically active area and these earthquakes were preceded by even stronger earthquakes in the past. All of them were expected by the scientific community and experts because Croatia is in a very unstable area with several fault zones, but the fact that earthquakes are unpredictable and that they are often separated by longer peaceful periods, they caused surprise, amazement, and shock. Earthquakes leave several spatial economic and social consequences that are reflected in almost all fields of the economy and the quality of life of citizens.
- Published
- 2022
35. Geopolitika klimatskih promjena i posljedice na savezništva i suparništva
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Siročić, Antonela, Zorko, Marta, Popović, Petar, and Kekez Koštro, Anka
- Subjects
China ,climate change ,rivalries ,consequences ,geopolitics ,Paris Agreement ,alliances ,EU ,USA - Abstract
Klimatske promjene trenutno su najveća globalna prijetnja. Nema kutka na kugli zemaljskoj gdje one nemaju izravan ili neizravan utjecaj. Posljedice klimatskih promjena sve se više osjete. Upravo te posljedice imaju moć promijeniti geopolitički kartu svijeta kakvu poznajemo. Također, imaju snažan utjecaj na gospodarstvo, nacionalnu stabilnost i sigurnost, migracije, održivi razvoj, proizvodnju hrane... Najvažniji globalni akteri u klimatskoj diplomaciji su SAD, EU i Kina (ujedno i najveći zagađivači). Zbog različitih klimatskih interesa i ciljeva, države se svrstavaju u međunarodna savezništva i suparništva. Zadnjih nekoliko desetaka godina, sve je više globalnih summita, konferencija i sporazuma koji se bave ovom problematikom. Vjerojatno najpoznatiji sporazum takve vrste je Pariški sporazum o klimatskim promjenama. Mnogi međunarodni akteri polažu velike nade u njegovu implementaciju, no zbog neefikasnog mehanizma poštivanja odredbi samog sporazuma, vrlo je upitno koliko će on imati utjecaja. Problem predstavlja i to što je SAD kao ključan akter izašao iz sporazuma i ničim ga se ne obvezuje poštivati. Ako se hitno ne promijeni svijest država, ali i pojedinaca oko ovog problema, u narednom periodu očekuje nas povećana mogućnost nasilnih sukoba i ratova kojima će se bitno promijeniti geopolitička slika svijeta i odnosi između glavnih aktera., Climate change is currently the biggest global threat. There is no corner of the globe where they do not have direct or indirect impact. The effects of climate change are increasingly being felt. These consequences have the power to change the geopolitical map of the world as we know it. They also have a strong impact on the economy, national stability and security, migration, sustainable development, food production ... The most important global actors in climate diplomacy are the United States, the EU and China (also the biggest polluters). Due to different climatic interests and goals, countries are classified as international alliances and rivalries. In the last few decades, there have been more and more global summits, conferences and agreements dealing with this issue. Probably the most famous agreement of its kind is the Paris Agreement on Climate Change. Many international actors have high hopes for its implementation, but due to the inefficient mechanism of compliance with the provisions of the agreement itself, it is very questionable how much impact it will have in the future. Another problem is that the United States, as a key player, has withdrawn from the agreement and does not undertake to respect it in any way. If the consciousness of states and individuals about this problem does not change urgently, in the coming period we will have an increased possibility of violent conflicts and wars that will significantly change the geopolitical picture of the world and relations between the main actors.
- Published
- 2022
36. »OSTAVLJAJTE SVE, A SPAŠAVAJTE GOLI ŽIVOT« - (OSVRT NA PLAVLJENJA DRAVE OD 18. STOLJEĆA DO 20. STOLJEĆA).
- Author
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ŽIVAKOVIĆ-KERŽE, Zlata
- Abstract
Copyright of Economic & Ecohistory / Ekonomska i Ekohistorija is the property of Society for Croatian Economic & Environmental History and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
37. Procjena rizika pomorske nezgode za akvatorij luke Šibenik.
- Author
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Belamarić, Goran, Kurtela, Željko, and Bošnjak, Rino
- Abstract
Šibenik is a large and one of the oldest and best protected natural harbor on the Croatian Adriatic coast. The Old Port is located in the submerged estuary of the river Krka. Limited available room for maneuvring within the harbour, new passenger terminal and part of the port for handling different types of cargo reduce the space for safe navigation and mooring / unmooring of merchant and cruise ships. Approach to the port of Šibenik from the open sea, especially the navigation through St. Anthony channel and maneuvering inside the waters of the city port present a particular challenge to each seafarer. As far as safety is concerned, the mentioned circumstances significantly contribute to increasing the threat of possible maritime accidents. Therefore, there is a need to evaluate the potential threats of maritime accidents in the Šibenik St. Anthony channel. To determine the threat of maritime accidents a qualitative method was used: ranking of threats. Each maritime accident in the narrow area of the St. Anthony channel and the port of Šibenik could result in severe consequences on the overall economic and other activities of the port of Šibenik. St. Anthony channel is the only entrance into the central Dalmatian town of Šibenik and international port of Šibenik. Because of its characteristics, the length which is not in a straight line, it is necessary to frequently change course at shorter intervals. Channel width in some places is reduced and causes problems, and due to sea currents and occasional strong winds, the channel is from the point of safe navigation very difficult for navigation. Moreover, passing ships over 50 GT within the channel is dangerous. The possibility of a collision, grounding and / or sinking of large ships during transit through the St. Anthony channel may eventually lead to a complete closure of maritime passenger and freight traffic to the port of Šibenik. It is therefore of utmost importance to assess the threat of a collision, grounding and / or sinking of ships in the waters of the port of Šibenik. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Assessing the consequences and welfare of children in high conflict divorces
- Author
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Topolovac, Tamara, Sladović-Franz, Branka, Branica, Vanja, and Vejmelka, Lucija
- Subjects
conflicts ,consequences ,assessment ,adaptation ,divorce - Abstract
Razvod braka predstavlja događaj u životu koji je izrazito stresan za cijelu obitelj, a posebno za djecu. S obzirom da je obitelj mjesto koje djetetu pruža sigurnost i zaštitu, nestabilnost poput razvoda braka će djeci predstavljati potpuno nepoznatu situaciju u kojoj će se sukladno svojim resursima i mogućnostima morati prilagoditi. Čitav je niz psiholoških zadataka i faza koje djeca prolaze nakon razvoda, a sve ovisi o početnoj prilagodbi. Neki s lakoćom uspiju u prilagodbi, dok su kod neke djece vidljive posljedice, koje mogu opstati i u odrasloj dobi, a stručna ih literatura dijeli na kratkotrajne i dugotrajne. U konfliktnim razvodima, roditelji su često zaokupljeni međusobnim sukobima, neprijateljstvom, velikim brojem sudskih postupaka te ponekad nisu sposobni primjetiti i prepoznati reakcije kod djece koje mogu izazvati ozbiljnije posljedice. Zbog toga, važna se uloga pripisuje stručnjacima koji uz pomoć psiholoških instrumenata i instrumenata socijalnog rada provode sveobuhvatnu procjenu aspekata dobrobiti djeteta, kako bi se djeci pružila adekvatna pomoć s ciljem očuvanja njihove, odnosno, dječje dobrobiti. Slijedom toga, u radu je opisana prilagodba djece na razvod braka roditelja, čimbenici koji utječu na nju, razlike u prilagodbi s obzirom na dob i spol djeteta, moguće posljedice razvoda kod djece te prikaz slučaja iz prakse i procjena s naglaskom na „Listu za procjenu ugroženosti psihosocijalne dobrobiti djeteta u situacijama konfliktnog razdvojenog roditeljstva u svrhu procjene posljedica i dobrobiti djeteta“., Divorce is an event in life that represents itself as an extremely demanding occurence for the whole family, and especially for children. Considering that the family is a place that provides security and protection to the child, instability of a divorce will be a completely unknown situation for children which they will have to adapt to according to their resources and abilities. There are a number of psychological charges and stages that children go through after a divorce, and it all depends on the initial adaptation. While some manage to adapt easily, in others the repercussions are visible, surviving into adulthood, and the professional literature divides them into the short-term the and long-term ones. In high conflict divorces, parents are often preoccupied with disagreements, hostility, a large number of lawsuits, which in some cases makes them unable to notice and recognize reactions in children that can cause more serious repercussions. Therefore, an important role is assigned to professionals who, with the help of psychological and social work instruments, supervise a comprehensive assessment of child welfare aspects, in order to provide children with adequate assistance so as to preserve their or children's well-being. Accordingly, this thesis describes the adjustment of children to parental divorce, the factors that condition it, differences in adjustment in regard to both age and sex of the child, the possible consequences of divorce in children and the description of practical case and assessment with emphasis on "Lists for assessing separated parenting in purpose of evaluating the consequences and well-being of the child ”.
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- 2021
39. VAŽNOST KOMUNIKACIJE U PREVENCIJI POSLJEDICA KRIZE.
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Mirenić, Ana
- Abstract
Copyright of International Conference: Crisis Management Days is the property of University of Applied Sciences Velika Gorica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2015
40. Studentski volonterski angažman na području Zadra
- Author
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Lukan, Dora and Doolan, Karin
- Subjects
students engagement ,barriers ,consequences ,volontiranje ,SOCIAL SCIENCES. Sociology ,societal value ,posljedice ,volunteering ,studentski angažman ,motivation ,DRUŠTVENE ZNANOSTI. Sociologija ,prepreke ,motivi ,društvena važnost - Abstract
Jedan od načina aktivnog sudjelovanja u zajednici je volontiranje, definirano kao planirano, prosocijalno ponašanje za dobrobit drugih. Takvo ponašanje sve je više potrebno s obzirom na rastuće nejednakosti u društvu, kao i učestalije katastrofe kao posljedice klimatskih promjena. Osim postizanja društveno korisnog angažmana, volontiranje nudi i mogućnost izgradnje znanja o društvu i razvoj različitih vještina. Fokus ovog istraživanja je iskustvo volontiranja studenata na području Zadra, kao mladih koji su društveno angažirani u svojoj zajednici. Cilj ovog rada bio je metodom polu-strukturiranog intervjua dobiti uvid u pojedinačna studentska iskustva volonterskog angažmana. Dobiveni su rezultati za pet ispitivanih područja. Prvo se odnosi na motive za volontiranjem, drugo na prepreke, odnosno, otežavajuće okolnosti djelatnosti volontiranja, kao i prepreke za potencijalno uključivanje drugih u proces. Treće područje su posljedice volontiranja, podijeljene u četiri kategorije: osobni razvoj, karijera, emocije i društveni život. Naposljetku, dobiveni su uvidi u procjenu važnosti volontera u društvu te karakteristike koje bi dobar volonter trebao imati prema mišljenju intervjuiranih volontera. One way to actively participate in society is volunteering. Volunteering is defined as planned, prosocial behavior for the benefit of others. This kind of behavior is becoming more important because of growing inequalities in society and the effects of climate change. In addition to its societals contributions, volunteering also offers the opportunity to develop knowledge about society, as well as develop a wide range of skills. The focus of this study is on student volunteers from Zadar. The goal of this paper was to gain insight into individual student experiences of volunteer engagement through semi-structured interviews. Results were obtained for five examined areas. The first refers to motives for volunteering, the second to the obstacles, i.e. aggravating circumstances of volunteering, and obstacles to the potential involvement of others in the process. The third area is the consequences of volunteering, divided into four categories: personal development, career, emotions, and social life. Finally, insights were gained in assessing the importance of volunteers in society and the characteristics that a good volunteer should have according to the interviewed volunteers.
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- 2021
41. The impact of divorce on the child and opportunities for professional support
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Butigan, Nikolina, Pećnik, Ninoslava, Urbanc, Kristina, and Modić Stanke, Koraljka
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child ,support ,consequences ,divorce - Abstract
U ovom se radu objašnjava razvod kao jedan od najstresnijih događaja u životu koji utječe na dijete. Nastoji se objasniti sam pojam „razvoda“ kao i njegove vrste, od kojih je posebna pažnja usmjerena na visokokonfliktni razvod. U radu se objašnjava način na koji razvod utječe na dijete, a navode se i rezultati određenih istraživanja. Spominju se roditeljska manipulativna i otuđujuća ponašanja kao čimbenici razvoda koji ostavljaju brojne posljedice na dijete. U radu je istaknuto kako razvod ostavlja brojne posljedice na određene sfere djetetova života, od kojih se najčešće spominje ona ekonomska. Posebna se važnost pridaje postizanju nekonfliktnog razvoda usmjeravajući pažnju ovog diplomskog rada na najbolji interes djeteta. U radu se navode različiti programi stručne podrške roditeljima, ali i djeci, koji pomažu u lakšem prevladavanju cjelokupnog brakorazvodnog procesa ili situacije nakon. Ističe se kako programi spriječavaju ili barem ublažavaju nepoželjne posljedice razvoda. Također se obrađuje uloga socijalnog rada kao profesije koja je usmjerena na dijete i zaštitu njegove dobrobiti., This paper explains divorce as one of the most stressful life events affecting a child. An attempt is made to explain the very notion of "divorce" as well as its types, of which special attention is paid to high-conflict divorce. The paper explains the way in which divorce affects the child and also presents the results of certain research. Parental manipulative and alienating behaviors are mentioned as divorce factors that leave numerous consequences on the child. The paper points out that divorce leaves numerous consequences on certain spheres of a child's life, of which the economic one is most often mentioned. Particular importance is attached to achieving a non-conflict divorce by focusing the attention of this paper on the best interests of the child. The paper lists various professional support programs for parents, but also for children, which help to more easily overcome the entire divorce process or the situation after. It points out that the programs prevent or at least mitigate the undesirable consequences of divorce. The role of social work as a profession aimed at the child and the protection of his/ her well-being is also addressed.
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- 2021
42. Diagnosis and Consequences of Obesity : Undergraduate Thesis
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Bekavac, Marinela and Zenić - Sekulić, Nataša
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prevencija ,bolest ,obesity ,disease ,posljedice ,DRUŠTVENE ZNANOSTI. Kineziologija ,SOCIAL SCIENCES. Kinesiology ,prevention ,diagnosis ,consequences ,pretilost ,dijagnostika - Abstract
Pretilost se prema Svjetskoj zdravstvenoj organizaciji definira kao bolest u kojoj se višak masnog tkiva nakuplja u tolikoj mjeri da ugrožava zdravlje i svakodnevni život. Zbog raznih utjecaja (globalizacija, urbanizacija, ubrzani način života, povećani stres) ubrzano se povećava udio onih koji se bore sa prekomjernom kilažom i pretilosti. Pretilost je bolest izrazito kompleksnog karaktera koja razvija niz rizika za ostale sustave tijela. Izrazito je bitno dijagnosticirati pretilost u ranoj fazi. U dijagnostici se koriste antropometrijska mjerenja (cilj utvrđivanje dimenzija ljudskoga tijela) i to određivanje indeksa tjelesne mase (ITM), opsega struka, omjera opsega struka i bokova, te analiza sastava tijela. Indeks tjelesne mase predstavlja koeficijent koji prikazuje uhranjenost, a izračunava se kroz odnos mase (kg) i visine (m) i to na način da se masa podjeli sa kvadratom visine (kg/m2). Opsegom struka, te opsezima bokova i struka (waist to hip ratio) otkrivamo o kojem tipu pretilosti se radi, dok mjerenjem kožnih nabora (kaliperom), te mjerenje bioelektričnom impedancom definiramo sastav tijela. Kardiovaskularne bolesti su bolesti koje zahvaćaju srce i kardiovaskularni sustav. Predstavljaju vodeći uzrok smrtnosti u svijetu, te su u korelaciji sa pretilošću. Hipertenzija je bolest tlaka u krvim žilama, te je šest puta češća u pretilih nego u ljudi s normalnom tjelesnom težinom. Osim navedenih komplikacija, važno je istaknuti kolorektalni karcinom, karcinom endometrija i karcinom dojke kao tumore koji se najčešće javljaju kod pretilih osoba. Pretilost ima jaku tendenciju utjecaja i na hormonski sustav, razvojem metaboličkog sindroma i dijabetesa tipa II., te izaziva radnu onesposobljenost i kroničnu bolest zbog osteoartritisa. Respiratorni, urogenitalni i gastrointestinalni sustavi su također pogođeni zbog pretilosti. Prevencija pretilosti uključuje pravilnu i uravnoteženu prehranu, te tjelesnu aktivnost. World Health Organization izdao je jasne upute koliko je tjelesne aktivnosti potrebno u tjednu ljudima u dobi od 18. do 64.
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- 2021
43. Factors associated with the fear of crime
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Šajer, Petra, Bezić, Reana, Maršavelski, Aleksandar, and Roksandić, Sunčana
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Key words: fear of crime ,theoretical models ,consequences ,media influence on fear of crime ,predictors associated with fear of crime - Abstract
Cilj ovog rada bio je istražiti čimbenike koji su povezani sa strahom od kriminala te otkriti koje posljedice taj strah ostavlja na pojedince koji ga osjećaju i na cijelo društvo. Čimbenici koji se najčešće stavljaju u usku vezu sa pojavom straha od kriminala objašnjeni su kroz tri teorijska modela (model ranjivosti, model socijalne kontrole i model socijalne integracije) koji nastoje shvatiti korelaciju navedenih pojmova. Smatra se da su socijalno-demografske karakteristike spola, dobi i socioekonomskog statusa, kao i iskustvo izravne kriminalne viktimizacije, glavni prediktori povezani sa strahom od kriminala. Osim individualnih karakteristika pojedinaca, za objašnjavanje straha od kriminala važne su makro-varijable prisutne u mjestu stanovanja pojedinaca te utjecaj medijskog izvještavanja o kriminalu. Rad se bazira na pregledu dosadašnje literature i interpretiranju rezultata međunarodnih i hrvatskih istraživanja o pojavi straha od kriminala te nastoji objediniti ključne spoznaje o svakom prediktoru zasebno. Strah od kriminala možemo promatrati kao svojevrsni fenomen zbog nepostojanja jedinstvene definicije (što vodi problemu određivanja precizne operacionalizacije i mjernih instrumenata) i zbog činjenice da je strah emocija koja se kod svakog pojedinca individualno javlja, bez određene zakonitosti. Ipak, spomenuti prediktori pokazali su se značajnima za razumijevanje tako kompleksne pojave kao što je strah od kriminala., The aim of this paper was to research the factors associated with the fear of crime and to find out what consequences this fear leaves on both a personal, and a societal level.. The factors are explained through three theoretical models, i.e. vulnerability model, social control model and social integration model. The current consensus is that the main prognosticators of this fear are seen through the socio-demographic categories of sex, age socio-economic status, as well as the experionce of direct criminal victimization. In addition to an individual's personal characteristics, two more factors are responsible for inciting this fear: the macro variables present in an individual's place of residance and the impact that covering crime leaves. The paper is based on examining already published sources, interpreting the results of international and Croatian research done on the emergence of said fear, and summarizing the key findings of each prognosticator. Due to a lack o fan official definition, and to the that fear, as an emotion, is subjective , the fear of crime can be seen as a kind of phenomenon. Nevertheless, the mentioned predictors proved to be important for understanding such a complex phenomenon.
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- 2021
44. Učinak siromaštva na dobrobit djece
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Kranjčec, Diana, Kletečki Radović, Marijana, Majdak, Marijana, and Družić Ljubotina, Olja
- Subjects
child well-being ,effect of poverty ,consequences ,impact ,child poverty - Abstract
U ovom radu razmatra se učinak siromaštva na dobrobit djece. Nema općeprihvaćene definicije koncepta siromaštva djece. Radi se o djeci koja odrastaju bez pristupa ekonomskim, socijalnim, kulturnim, fizičkim, obrazovnim i drugim resursima koja su od vitalnog značaja za njihovu dobrobit i za ispunjenje punog potencijala. Siromaštvo djece najčešće se veže uz nedostatak materijalnih sredstava, nestabilnost prihoda obitelji, nisku razinu obrazovanja roditelja, porast životnih troškova, određenu strukturu obitelji, a trenutno i uz pandemiju COVID-19. U daljnjem tekstu, opisan je koncept dobrobiti djece, kako se definira i što sve uključuje. Dobrobit djece uključuje indikatore koji su podijeljeni u nekoliko grupa: materijalna situacija, smještaj, zdravlje, obrazovanje, subjektivna dobrobit, socijalne veze, sigurnost i građansko sudjelovanje. U radu se na temelju literature analizira učinak siromaštva na pojedine aspekte dječje dobrobiti: uvjete života, psihofizički razvoj, kognitivni razvoj, obrazovanje, emocionalnu dobrobit, socijalne veze uključujući vršnjačke odnose, obiteljske odnose i općenito socijalnu isključenost djece. Cilj ovog preglednog rada je dobivanje uvida u učinak siromaštva na dobrobit djece koja žive u siromaštvu na temelju pregleda dosadašnjih spoznaja i istraživanja odnosno empirijskih podataka. Svrha preglednog rada je bolje razumijevanje učinaka siromaštva na dobrobit i kvalitetu života djece, ali i općenito skretanje pozornosti na globalni problem siromaštva djece kako bi se moglo djelovati prema smanjenju negativnih učinaka., This thesis considers the effect of poverty on the well-being of children. There is no generally accepted definition of child poverty. These are children who grow up without access to economic, social, cultural, physical, educational and other resources that are vital to their well-being and fulfillment of their full potential. In the sequel, attention is devoted to the causes of child poverty. Child poverty is most frequently associated to lack of material assets, income instability, low level of education of parent, increase in the cost of living, certain family structure, COVID-19 pandemic. Further, the concept of child well-being. Child well-being includes indicators that are divided into several groups: material situation, accommodation, health, education, subjective well-being, social relations, security and civic participation. This paper analyzes the effect of poverty on certain aspects of child well-being: living conditions, psychophysical development, cognitive development, education, emotional well-being, social relations including peer relationships, family relationships and general social exclusion of children. The main cause of this article is to gain an insight into the effect of poverty on the well-being of children living in poverty. The main purpose of this article is to give contribution to the understanding of the impact of poverty on the well-being of children, as well as drawing attention to the global problem of child poverty in order to prevent and reduce negative effects.
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- 2021
45. POTRES U AQUILI - PRAVNE I EKONOMSKE POSLJEDICE.
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Markotić, Ivan, Boić, Vitomir, and Mojsović, Nenad
- Subjects
NATURAL disasters ,EARTHQUAKES ,PROFESSIONAL ethics ,GROSS domestic product - Abstract
Copyright of International Conference: Crisis Management Days is the property of University of Applied Sciences Velika Gorica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
46. Klimatske promjene i gospodarstvo
- Author
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Cvetko, Ivana and Šverko Grdić, Zvonimira
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climate change ,economy ,consequences ,greenhouse gases ,climate - Abstract
U svakodnevnom životu susrećemo se s problematikom klimatskih promjena vezanih uz globalno zatopljenje. Brojna istraživanja potvrđuju da se kao rezultat ljudskih aktivnosti od početka industrijske revolucije klima na Zemlji drastično promijenila. Klimatska promjena označava promjenu na globalnoj razini, a koja je uzrokovana povećanim vrijednostima emitiranja stakleničkih plinova u atmosferu u razdoblju od industrijske revolucije do danas, a sve kao rezultat korištenja fosilnih goriva. Šesnaest od sedamnaest najtoplijih godina dogodilo se u periodu od 2001. godine do danas, s time da je 2016. godina bila najtoplija, a količina stakleničkih plinova u atmosferi nikada nije bila tako visoka kao što je sada. Šteta na imovini i infrastrukturi te zdravlju ljudi radi posljedica klimatskih promjena predstavlja velike troškove za društvo i gospodarstvo. Naročito su pogođeni sektori koji u velikoj mjeri ovise o određenim temperaturama i količinama padalina, kao što su poljoprivreda, šumarstvo, energetika i turizam. Čak i blaže klimatske promjene od gore opisanih mogle bi imati znatan utjecaj na društvo i život.. Dakle, buduće klimatske promjene ne moraju uvijek donijeti i negativne posljedice. Bez obzira na krajnji ishod valja se za njih unaprijed pripremiti kako bismo im se lakše prilagodili., In everyday life we encounter the issue of climate change related to global warming. Numerous studies confirm that as a result of human activities since the beginning of the industrial revolution, the climate on Earth has changed drastically. Climate change means a change on a global scale, caused by increased values of greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere in the period from the industrial revolution to the present day, all as a result of the use of fossil fuels. Sixteen of the seventeen warmest years occurred between 2001 and today, with 2016 being the warmest and the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere never being as high as it is now. Damage to property and infrastructure and to human health as a result of climate change is a major cost to society and the economy. Particularly affected are sectors that depend heavily on certain temperatures and rainfall, such as agriculture, forestry, energy and tourism. Even milder climate change than described above could have a significant impact on society and life. Thus, future climate change may not always have negative consequences. Regardless of the end result, we need to prepare for them in advance so that we can adapt to them more easily.
- Published
- 2021
47. Brexit i njegov utjecaj na gospodarstvo i turizam
- Author
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Galović, Ana and Jelušić, Adriana
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consequences ,Referandum ,Brexit ,European Union - Abstract
Brexit je referendum, proveden 23. lipnja 2016. godine, na kojem se stanovništvo Ujedinjene Kraljevine izjasnilo da više ne želi da njihova država bude dijelom Europske unije. 31. siječnja 2020. godine Ujedinjena Kraljevina postaje prvom zemljom, koja nakon dugogodišnjeg članstva, napušta Europsku uniju. Nakon izlaska slijede dugogodišnji pregovori o budućim odnosima između dviju strana. Ovim radom se na temelju rezultata prethodnih istraživanja, objavljenih u znanstvenoj literaturi, odgovorilo na pitanje hoće li provedba Brexita imati pozitivan ili negativan utjecaj na budućnost europskog kontinenta i same Ujedinjene Kraljevine. Nakon općenitog, teoretskog, dijela rada, koji obuhvaća instituciju Europske unije i osnovne podatke te gospodarske i turističke pokazatelje Ujedinjene Kraljevine, prikazane su posljedice Brexita sagledane sa gospodarskog i turističkog stajališta te sa stajališta mobilnosti stanovništva. U zaključku su navedeni sveukupni rezultati istraživanja na temelju kojih se došlo do odgovora na pitanje o posljedicama Brexita na Ujedinjenu Kraljevinu i ostatak Europske unije., Brexit is a referendum, held on June 23, 2016. On that day the population of United Kingdom declared that they want to leave European Union. On 31 January 2020 the United KIngdom becomes the first country which have left European Union after many years of membership. The release will be followed by long – term negotiations about future relations between these two sides. Based on the results of previous research published in the scientific literature this paper answers the question of whether the implementation of Brexit will have positive or negative impact on the future of the European continent and the United Kingdom itself. After the general theoretical part of this paper, which includes the institution of European Union and the economic and tourism indicators of the United Kingdom, will be presented the consequences of Brexit from economic and touristic point of view, also in this paper will be presented the consequences on population mobility. In conclusion are presented the overall results of this research.
- Published
- 2021
48. RAZLIKE U PERCEPCIJI, ZNANJIMA I STAVOVIMA STUDENATA FIZIČKOG VASPITANJA I SPORTA O KORIŠČENJU NEDOZVOLJENIH SUPSTANCI U SPORTU.
- Author
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PAVLOVIĆ, RATKO, KHAN, ZAMIRULLAH, and IDRIZOVIĆ, KEMAL
- Abstract
Copyright of Sports Science & Health / Sportske Nauke i Zdravlje is the property of Pan-European University Apeiron and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. EKONOMSKI I DRUŠTVENI TROŠKOVI OVISNOSTI O KOCKANJU U HRVATSKOJ – DRUGA STRANA MEDALJE
- Author
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Lucija Rogić Dumančić, Neven Ricijaš, Tomislav Globan, and Mislav Ante Omazić
- Subjects
gambling ,gambling addiction ,economic costs ,social costs ,consequences ,Sociology and Political Science ,kockanje ,ovisnost o kockanju ,ekonomski trošak ,društveni trošak ,posljedice ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,Education - Abstract
Kockanje, kao ponašanje prije svega usmjereno prema zabavi i razonodi, rizično je zbog potencijalnog razvoja štetnih psihosocijalnih posljedica, odnosno razvoja simptoma ovisnosti o kockanju. One uključuju cijeli spektar problema vezanih uz zdravlje (fizičko i mentalno), odnose (obiteljske, prijateljske, u zajednici) te resurse (zaposlenje, financije i kriminalitet). Cilj ovog istraživanja je izračunati ekonomske i društvene troškove ovisnosti o kockanju u Republici Hrvatskoj, sa svrhom osiguravanja znanstveno utemeljenih pokazatelja za poticanje pozitivnih regulatornih izmjena kojima bi se osiguralo balansirano tržište između profitabilnih i rizičnih elemenata djelatnosti igara na sreću. U radu se polazi od rezultata znanstvenih istraživanja prevalencije ovisnosti o kockanju u odrasloj populaciji hrvatskih građana i službenih podataka o prihodima u državni proračun temeljem igara na sreću. Za izračun društvenih i ekonomskih troškova korištene su dvije najčešće korištene metodologije: National Opinion Research Centre – NORC i Australian Productivity Commission – APC. Istraživanje je koristilo originalne i strože kriterije prevalencije ovisnosti o kockanju, a neovisno o korištenoj metodologiji izračuna, rezultati pokazuju da društveni troškovi ovisnosti o kockanju u Hrvatskoj čine između 34% i 77% ukupnih godišnjih prihoda od igara na sreću. Rezultati su interpretirani u kontekstu općih smjernica za unaprjeđivanje politika odgovornog priređivanja igara na sreću, a s ciljem smanjivanja vjerojatnosti razvoja štetnih psihosocijalnih posljedica., Gambling, as a behavior primarily aimed at entertainment and leisure, is risky due to the potential development of harmful psychosocial consequences, i.e. the development of gambling addiction symptoms. These include the full range of health (physical and mental), social (family, friends, community), and economic (employment, finances, and crime) adverse consequences. The aim of this research is to calculate the economic and social costs of gambling addiction in the Republic of Croatia in order to provide science-based indicators to encourage positive regulatory changes that would ensure a balanced market between profitable and risky elements of the gambling industry. The research starts from the scientific research on the prevalence of gambling addiction in the adult Croatian population and the official data on revenues in the state budget from all gambling activities. Two of the most commonly used methodologies were used to calculate the social and economic costs: National Opinion Research Centre - NORC and Australian Productivity Commission - APC. The research uses original and strict criteria for the prevalence of gambling addiction. Regardless of the methodology used, the results show that the social costs of gambling addiction in Croatia account for between 34% and 77% of the total annual gambling revenue. The results were interpreted in the context of general guidelines for improving the policy of responsible gambling, with the aim of reducing the likelihood of developing harmful psychosocial consequences in society.
- Published
- 2021
50. Involvement of the Choroid Plexus in the Pathogenesis of Niemann-Pick Disease Type C
- Author
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Lien Van Hoecke, Caroline Van Cauwenberghe, Kristina Dominko, Griet Van Imschoot, Elien Van Wonterghem, Jonas Castelein, Junhua Xie, Wouter Claeys, Charysse Vandendriessche, Anna Kremer, Peter Borghgraef, Riet De Rycke, Silva Hecimovic, and Roosmarijn E. Vandenbroucke
- Subjects
RECRUITMENT ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities ,Niemann-Pick type C disease ,Endosome ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,Microgliosis ,Pathogenesis ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,INFLAMMATION ,blood-CSF-barrier ,In vivo ,hemic and lymphatic diseases ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,medicine ,BRAIN ,Original Research ,choroid plexus ,CONSEQUENCES ,Niemann–Pick disease, type C ,I INTERFERON ,extracellular vesicles ,autophagosomes ,business.industry ,Biology and Life Sciences ,nutritional and metabolic diseases ,Basic Medical Sciences ,BARRIER ,medicine.disease ,Astrogliosis ,ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE ,MODEL ,Choroid plexus ,NPC1 ,business ,RC321-571 ,Neuroscience - Abstract
Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) disease, sometimes called childhood Alzheimer’s, is a rare neurovisceral lipid storage disease with progressive neurodegeneration leading to premature death. The disease is caused by loss-of-function mutations in the Npc1 or Npc2 gene which both result into lipid accumulation in the late endosomes and lysosomes. Since the disease presents with a broad heterogenous clinical spectrum, the involved disease mechanisms are still incompletely understood and this hampers finding an effective treatment. As NPC patients, who carry NPC1 mutations, have shown to share several pathological features with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and we and others have previously shown that AD is associated with a dysfunctionality of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier located at choroid plexus, we investigated the functionality of this latter barrier in NPC1 pathology. Using NPC1–/– mice, we show that despite an increase in inflammatory gene expression in choroid plexus epithelial (CPE) cells, the blood-CSF barrier integrity is not dramatically affected. Interestingly, we did observe a massive increase in autophagosomes in CPE cells and enlarged extracellular vesicles (EVs) in CSF upon NPC1 pathology. Additionally, we revealed that these EVs exert toxic effects on brain tissue, in vitro as well as in vivo. Moreover, we observed that EVs derived from the supernatant of NPC1–/– choroid plexus explants are able to induce typical brain pathology characteristics of NPC1–/–, more specifically microgliosis and astrogliosis. Taken together, our data reveal for the first time that the choroid plexus and CSF EVs might play a role in the brain-related pathogenesis of NPC1.
- Published
- 2021
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