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Copyright of Media4u Magazine is the property of Ing. Jan Chromy, Ph.D. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper examines evolution of the opinions of the Slovenian public regarding cohabitation in socialist Yugoslavia before its breakup. Data from regular Slovenian sociological surveys from 1970s and 1980s and the design of these surveys are analysed. A sudden increase of ethnic issues is observed in the questionnaire in 1987 which illustrates growth of importance of the topic even among those intellectuals who had focused on other political issues up to then. The results of the surveys show, at the same time, continually increasing ethnical sensibility and fading identification with Yugoslavia among the Slovenian public during the entire decade with an acceleration in 1987. Since the second half of that year, growing nationalism in Slovenia was extensively discussed also by the local communist elites. They, however, mostly gave in to the nationalist radicalisation and quickly absorbed it into their own attitudes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with the adoption of School Supervision Act from 1869 in Bohemia, taking into account both Czech and German speaking milieus. Using the example of appointment of District School Inspectors and looking into their activities, it analyses the system deficiencies and complications that the state authorities had to cope with in the first years after adoption and that, eventually, led into an amendment of the aforementioned act four years later. Apart from the inadequate organisational background and salary conditions of district inspectors, the paper points out the financial requirements that the school reform brought about and that had to be covered mostly by local municipalities. This fact significantly contributed to a generally passive or even negative attitude held by autonomous corporations as for the new school legislature implementation, which was enhanced by oppositional stance of Czech political representation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the concept of media events and the role that media rituals play in mass communication. Audience participation on various media events have strong effects on many aspects of human life and media rituals play important part in this process. The paper serves to elucidate the function and the structure of the ritual phenomenon in the sphere of mass communication through comparation of two different conceptions made by Dayan & Katz and Couldry. It attempts to show differences in the authors' attitudes about the functioning of media rituals through the Fink's elaborated ontology of play. The paper assumes that Fink's work can be used as a tool to uncover the hidden elements of the functioning of media rituals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with the dedications made by authors and usually placed af-ter the title page. The author observes any characteristic features of these texts, their forms and informative values, structure, attitude of address, expressiveness, inven-tiveness or even potential ideological background. The research sample comprised several publications written in Latin and published in the 18th century in the territo-ry of Slovakia, coming mainly from the environment of the historic Trnava Univer-sity. A more detailed analysis of dedications as a paratext part of the work leads the author to the conclusion that an often simple text can reveal a whole range of hidden connections and deep associations that hold a direct link to the person of the author and the place where the subject matter of the work originated. By placing the find - ings into their cultural-historical context, the study concludes with a summary of se-veral possibilities regularly occurring in connection with the research of dedication texts in Baroque literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Psychologie Pro Praxi is the property of Charles University Prague, Karolinum Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper summarizes selected current attitudes towards the study of moral reasoning. The study refers certain key philosophical bases of moral reasoning in connection/regard to psychological concepts. The authors critically challenge the philosophical background (Kant, Mill, Bentham, Rawls, Arendt, etc.) that is either specifically expressed or covertly assumed. The study argues for the measurement of moral reasoning and methodological approaches concerning this research area. The authors recommend conducting a validation study of frequently used methods for measuring moral reasoning, especially Defining Issues Test and the Moral Judgment Test. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Goal. The paper occupies with the analysis of attitudes of authoritarian personality to morally problematic behavior like cheating during written exams or taking bribes by policemen. Sample and conditions. A sample of 279 students of three different Prague on humanities focused faculties took part in the study. The authoritarian personality was operationalized by scales of the authoritarian submission, political orientation, and conservatism concerning the gender roles. The moral problematic forms of behavior were personality operationalized by the scale of morally problematic behavior. The respondents fulfilled the questionnaire in small groups. The inquiry was quite anonymous and voluntary. Hypotheses. Three hypotheses were tested in the study. According to the first one, the attitudes of authoritarian individuals to behavior that is contradictory to the traditional role of woman (e.g. marital adultery, women careerism) are less tolerant than the attitudes of less authoritarian individuals. According to the second one, these individuals on the contrary have more tolerant attitudes to behavior that is even though contradictory to laws but its initiator is an authority (violent propagation of faith, taking bribes by policemen) than the less authoritarian individuals. According to the third hypothesis, the authoritarian individuals do not differ in their attitudes to amoral behavior that is not connected to the authority nor is contradictory to the traditional role of woman (promises non-fulfillment, fellow workers slandering) from the less authoritarian individuals. Statistical analyses. The obtained data were first put through the psychometric analyses (factor analysis and analysis of reliability of particular scales) and then they were analyzed by the series of correlation and regression analyses. Results. The results of statistical analyses are in relatively good correspondence with the hypotheses. Except of that it was shown that the scales of authoritarian submission and conservatism are moderately firmly correlated but none of them is correlated to the political orientation scale. Moreover, the political orientation scale was not correlated to any scale of morally problematic behavior. The author thus comes to the conclusion that the construct of right authoritarianism is not valid in our conditions. Limitations. Taking into consideration that participants in the study were students of humanities who are traditionally liberal it would be appropriate to include also more conservative individuals in the further study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pedagogická Orientace is the property of Pedagogicka Orientace and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)