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Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of biophysics and physical chemistry Candidate: Zuzana Pokorná Supervisor: Doc. RNDr. Petr Klemera, CSc. Title of diploma thesis: Resveratrol - effect on the biological age Objective: Resveratrol is a natural polyphenol contained in number of plants. It is a potent antioxidant, which is known to have a number of beneficial health effects and be part of many biological processes. The compound is produced by plants to increase their survival and resistance to disease. We found the effect of Resveratrol on parameters of biological age-on the threshold of perception of the intensity of the volume (hearing) and reaction rate. Methods : A group of people used the resveratrol in a dose of 170 mg per day for 40 days. We measured by the PC program the selected parameter of hearing and reaction rate. Results : It has been shown that statistically significant improvement of hearing has occurred. The exact mechanism of the effect is not known. Probably operates through a group of enzymes, sirtuins. Reaction rate was not affected by substance. Conclusions : We have reviewed the potential effect of Resveratrol on human biological age. The improvement of hearing has been shown at the 0,01 significance level. The biggest improvement was...

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is a treatment method using the effect of oxygen inhaled under increased atmospheric pressure. This leads not only to a complete saturation of hemoglobin by oxygen but also to an important increase of oxygen dissolved in plasma. The oxygen dissolved in body fluids is able to ensure the basal metabolic rate of hypotoxic tissue. Auricular medicine applies hyperbaric oxygen therapy to treatment of hearing impairment and tinnitus. Sensorineural hearing impairments, i e. impairments caused by disfunctions in the inner ear, can be treated by HBO. Acute, sudden sensorineural hearing impairments are indicated for HBO treatment. Patients with an impairment of the inner ear of lesser extent and impact have a greater chance to be treated by HBO successfully. The paper aimed at determining whether the HBO treatment is more effective than the common medicamentous therapy for the sensorineural hearing impairment. The following hypotheses were set for the research survey. H1: By means of HBO treatment sensorineural hearing impairment can be improved. H2: HBO treatment is more effective than common medicamentous therapy for sensorineural hearing impairment. H3: HBO treatment reduces tinnitus in sensorineural hearing impairment more frequently than medicamentous treatment. H4: Nurses know the principles of nursing care for patients undergoing HBO treatment. H5: Patients undergoing HBO treatment have sufficient information on safety measures. All set hypotheses have been confirmed and the goal of the paper has been fulfilled. The research survey was successful and much interesting information was received that is to be used to improve the care for patients, especially in co-operation with ULZ Praha (Institute of aviation medicine), that is interested in the results of the research survey in order to to apply them in its practice.

It was observed that in hypertension hearing is severely damaged. By analysis of the otological symptomatology in 50 hypertonic patients (42 women, 8 men) a bilateral hearing disorder was revealed in 47 subjects, a unilateral one in three subjects, otoscopy revealed dilatation of the artery supplying the handle of the malleus or even hyperaemia of Schrapnell's membrane. The patients reported low-frequency tinnitus, vertigo, pressure in the ears pain in the ears, headache, weather-dependence of complaints. In the initial stages roof-shaped type of audiometric curve was found, in the group were 45% mixed types of deafness. If during hypertension sodium is retained and the extracellular volume is enlarged, then in the inner ear the volume of perilymph increases in particular and this leads to impaired conduction through the inner ear fluids with affection of high and low frequencies, disorders of the conduction function of the fenestrae with the conduction component on the audiogram. Hypertension is for the organ of hearing an important risk factor in pre-disposed subjects with and affection of the inner ear is equally malignant and has a similar pathological background as glaucoma.

Partial hearing loss has been proved audiometrically in 38/82 patients submitted to the chronical intermittent or transplantation program in 1985. However, in only 27 patients the interrelationship with the main renal disease or its management was established on the basis of anamnestical data, age and type of audiometric curve. The audiometric control examination delayed up to 1 year resulted in one case of expressive partial hearing loss as related to the administration of ototoxical drugs. In order to evaluate precisely the dependence of progressive partial hearing loss on the dialysis, the long-term monitoring is required.

Analysis of hearing of 140 blacksmiths from three workships (280 ears) revealed considerable differences in the development of occupational perception deafness between different individuals and also as regard the affection of the right and left ear. The author worked out the decibel increment and average audiogram after 40 years exposure to noise after dividing the aers into five groups with regard to the affection on the main four frequencies. In the majority of ears the audiometric curve is not higher than 60 dB which is due to the numerical atrophy of the external ciliated cells. A drop of the audiometric curve below 60 dB was recorded in 13 ears (4.6%); in the group during the subsequent development of deafness a decline of the audiometric curve was recorded also at lower frequencies which suggests affection of the inner ciliated cells in the course of development of progressive necrosis. For investigation of hearing during preventive examinations ensues that occupational deafness develops after a prolonged period of exposure to noise typically at a frequency of 4 kHz to 60 dB on the audiogram. A drop of the audiometric curve below 60 dB in the area of a frequency of 4 kHz and concurrently below 20 dB at lower frequencies means that the hearing of the person is threatened due to overexposure.

Audiometric examinations are essential in the diagnosis of acoustic neuroma. Experience with the diagnosis of 41 neurinomas of the acoustic nerve show, however, that the tactics of audiometric examinations vary from one case to the other. The basic examination is in all instances an accurate examination of the threshold of hearing. When the threshold is normal or there are slight or medium severe losses on the side of the lesion, the tympanogram, impedance and speech audiometry and BERA are supreme examinations and all other audiometric examinations are redundant. For BERA alone limiting losses are above 3000 to 4000 Hz. As soon as they pass at the above frequencies the borderline of 60 dB HL in proportion to the magnitude of these losses the amount of falsely positive findings increases rapidly and the importance of BERA in the diagnosis declines. The same applies to impedance audiometry if major losses interfere with medium and lower frequencies. In all these instances the importance of speech audiometry as well as of STAT (Supra Threshold Adaptation Test) increases, i.e. of traditional audiometric examinations, the latter of which can be used successfully also in very high losses round 80-90 dB HL.