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A popular explanation for the rise of (authoritarian) populism nowadays draws on individuals’ feelings of being left behind. One of the reasons why people may feel that way is insufficient access to basic services. Relying on ESS data collected during the Covid-19 pandemic and data about healthcare institutions acquired from Open Street Maps, our study investigates how access to healthcare services impacts the support for authoritarian populists in three countries – Czechia, Slovakia, and Hungary. The results of this study provide useful insights that further deepen our understanding of the influence of spatial context on political preferences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the change in the electoral system used in elections to the Chamber of Deputies has attracted the attention of lawyers, political scientists, and sociologists, we still lack a comprehensive comparative analysis of the new system with the original one or other alternatives. The main reason for this is the lack of empirical data. This article overcomes this problem using a simulation of electoral results that correspond to the real Czech election environment. On the basis of this simulated dataset it is possible to generate generalisable conclusions about the proportionality, integration effect, and legitimacy of three electoral formulas: the original D'Hondt divisor, the newly adopted Imperiali quota, and the Hare quota. Our results show that the Hare quota is clearly the best choice. Its advantages in proportionality significantly outweigh its disadvantages in integrative effect. Moreover, this formula sees the least disruption to the logical sequence of results, i.e. where a party with fewer votes gets more seats, a phenomenon that is undesirable and undermines the legitimacy of elections. We are convinced that among the three formulas compared the Hare quota is the one that best fits the constitutional requirements of the electoral system as interpreted by the Constitutional Court, and that - unless the legislature is planning to change other parameters of the electoral system - it is the one that should be implemented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The semantic analysis of conditional sentences does not entirely align with their morphosyntactic structure. I substantiate this hypothesis with instances from both Czech and English that extend beyond conventional textbook examples. I also highlight that logicians and philosophers often make terminological errors when they disregard the insights from linguistic disciplines. Despite the early analytic philosophy’s emphasis on terminological precision, the practical application falls significantly short of this ideal. I firmly believe that a proper understanding of the morphosyntax and semantics of conditional sentences is a prerequisite for their classification and analysis. In our pursuit of a comprehensive exploration of conditional clauses, we must also grapple with methodological challenges that delve into the very core of the philosophy of language. The primary issue revolves around the fact that two out of the three a priori methods in philosophy rely heavily on the analysis of conditional sentences: thought experiments and modal metaphysics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Archeologické Rozhledy is the property of Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Archaeology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The author describes the circumstances of the creation of one of the most famous advertisements in Czechoslovak contemporary history. It is a birthday greeting addressed to the dissident Václav Havel, alias Ferdinand Vanek. The study makes extensive use of narrative sources, taken using the oral history method. On this basis, it depicts the background of the creation of the advertisement, but then also presents the personality of its initiator and author, Petr Rygr’s. The present text is a microhistorical look at the life of a man oscillating between the worlds of dissent, parallel culture and the grey zone in the Náchod region in the 1970s and 1980s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Museum: Museum & Regional Studies is the property of National Museum and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Archeologické Rozhledy is the property of Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Archaeology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article analyses the attitude of the Civic Democratic Party towards the implementation of the direct elections of mayors in the Czech Republic through three separated case studies. The first study focuses on party election manifestos and ideological documents. The second study conducts the statistical analysis of both the parliamentary and the media outputs by party members and representatives. Finally, the third study consists of three in-depth semistructured interviews. The results suggest that the Civic Democratic Party takes a negative attitude towards the direct elections of mayors, that it is monolithic within this attitude, that there are no significant attitudinal differences between ordinary members and party elites, and that this negative attitude was even amplified after the fall of the Petr Nečas's cabinet. The results are critically discussed within the context of the rising popularity of the direct elections in Czech society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Medicina Sportiva Bohemica et Slovaca is the property of Ceska spolecnost telovychovneho lekarstvi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper presents the interdisciplinary survey of the phonographic cylinders collection of National Museum - Czech Museum of Music. The text was created for the New Phonograph: Listening to the History of Sound project. The paper focuses on the characterisation of long-term storage of the collection and a common form of degradation - a fair overlay on the cylinder's surface. As for dealing with the wide spectrum of samples in the collection, the survey is focused on the most commonly occurring phonographic cylinders and their enclosures. A representative selection of samples was analysed to clarify the character of the degradation products and its origin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unattractive stains on gold coins - sometimes wrongly described or mistakenly understood as gold corrosion - remained in focus of increased interest of scholars especially because of development of modern analytical techniques in the last decades. It is impossible to answer the primary questions about character and reasons of appearance of these stains without deep interdisciplinary knowledge. There is also another important question dealing with prevention of these stains and possibility of their gentle removal. The presented study tries to discover what caused appearance of the dark stains on the surface of the gold medal from Olomouc celebrating handover of the rule to Franz Joseph I and what is their chemical substance, and if it could be - in this case - a result and external effect of violation of the declared fineness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Listy Cukrovarnicke a Reparske is the property of VUC Praha a.s. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Physical Culture / Tělesná Kultura is the property of Palacky University in Olomouc and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Unattractive stains on gold coins - sometimes wrongly described or mistakenly understood as gold corrosion - remained in focus of increased interest of scholars especially because of development of modern analytical techniques in the last decades. It is impossible to answer the primary questions about character and reasons of appearance of these stains without deep interdisciplinary knowledge. There is also another important question dealing with prevention of these stains and possibility of their gentle removal. The presented study tries to discover what caused appearance of the dark stains on the surface of the gold medal from Olomouc celebrating handover of the rule to Franz Joseph I and what is their chemical substance, and if it could be - in this case - a result and external effect of violation of the declared fineness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Medicina Sportiva Bohemica et Slovaca is the property of Ceska spolecnost telovychovneho lekarstvi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Medicina Sportiva Bohemica et Slovaca is the property of Ceska spolecnost telovychovneho lekarstvi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Archeologické Rozhledy is the property of Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Archaeology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this article is to describe Bulgaria’s policies towards its Turkish minority in the 1970s and 1980s, analyzing its causes and consequences. The text is based upon the author's study of unpublished sources and published editions of documents from the Bulgarian archives, as well of secondary literature of Bulgarian and Western provenience. In the first subchapter, Bulgaria’s minority policies in 1956-1971 are introduced because they are important for contextualizing later developments. The main part of the study is composed of two related texts that analyze the assimilationist character of Bulgaria’s policy for its Turkish minority, which reached its highwater mark in the so-called “renewal process”. These subchapters analyze the measures undertaken by Zhivkov's administration in detail, and then examine reactions by members of the Turkish minority and the impact of the repressive policy on bilateral relations between Sofia and Ankara. In conclusion, the author attempts to evaluate the intentions behind these measures within the context of their time, and to answer the question of whether or not the initiative fulfilled its authors' expectations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Slovakia is a unitary state with a common legal and macroeconomic environment for all regions. However, such environment may hinder regions with production setting, different from the majority of the regions. Hence, the aim of the following paper is to present an empirical analysis of the production technologies used across Slovak regions and to identify potential regional differences. For this purpose two-factor Cobb-Douglas production function was analysed, using annual historical panel data for NUTS 3 Slovak regions. The panel-data structure allowed the distinguishing of the differences in capital and labour elasticities between the analysed regions and the average of the rest of the regions. Additionally, the same methodology was performed with Cobb-Douglas model built on the first differences of the used data. The results of the two approaches indicate that region "Banskobystrický kraj" has significantly different production setting for capital and labour input than the rest of Slovak regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Příspěvek představuje devět nově lokalizovaných archeologických lokalit v Doupovských horách, v prostoru aktivního vojenského újezdu Hradiště, okres Karlovy Vary. Byly identifikovány pomocí archeologické interpretace antropomorfních prvků digitálního modelu reliéfu území újezdu. Ve všech případech se jedná o relikty sídelních areálů z počátků středověkého osidlování vyšších partií Doupovských hor. V bezprostřední blízkosti tří vesnic se rozprostíraly i relikty opevněných sídel – tvrzišť. Díky spolupráci Památkového ústavu, ú. o. p. v Lokti, se správou újezdu se na pěti z nich podařilo provést povrchový průzkum, během nějž bylo ověřeno zmíněné pozorování a získána pestrá škála vrcholně až pozdně středověké keramiky. Technologická variabilita keramiky odráží vztah k blízkým regionům Podbořanska a historického Loketska, čímž odpovídá tranzitnímu charakteru sledovaného území.

Copyright of Physical Culture / Tělesná Kultura is the property of Palacky University in Olomouc and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Knihovna is the property of Library Institute of the Czech National Library and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The EU has been gradually increasing its emphasis on a common approach to energy security among its members in the last couple of years, and these member states have had to take this tendency into account when developing their own approach to energy policy. Additionally, both EU and its members have been forced to react to several challenges regarding energy security. Reactions and tendencies within energy policies can be assessed on the basis of theoretical approaches that can not only clarity reasons for implementing specific tools and procedures, but also can help to anticipate future development. This article is focused on the energy policy of the Czech Republic and the European Union from the perspectives of strategic as well as market-oriented approaches, which are the two dominant theoretical approaches in this field of study. The aim is to identity how these approaches are reflected in policy documents on both levels during the selected period of time (2004-2012) and what it means in terms of energy policy coordination within the EU. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the presented paper is to frame specific alternatives for the regional reform of the second chamber of the Czech legislature on the basis of a comparative analysis of regional second chambers in Western Europe. The similarities and differences between second chambers of parliament in Italy, Spain, the Netherlands and France are identified (with respect to their historical origin, the method of election, size, political composition, constitutional powers, relation to the first chamber and relation to the executive branch of power). Also the strength of the second chambers is analyzed and the chambers are put on Lijphart's typological scale according to the criteria of congruence and symmetry. The analysis is then the source for two main alternatives for the possible regional reform of the Czech Senate - representative regional reform and functional regional reform. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Medicina Sportiva Bohemica et Slovaca is the property of Ceska spolecnost telovychovneho lekarstvi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article uses the method of thematic discourse analysis to study jihadi discussion forums in cyberspace. Firstly, this paper deals with propaganda as a form of communication, shows the Internet as a medium that has absorbed all other media, and analyses the terrorist ideas spread through the Internet. The main part of this study focuses on the jihadi discourse, through which jihadists present the Islamic world as suffering under the oppression of the West to persuade a passive Muslim audience to join the jihad. Through an analysis of text extracts from three popular jihadi forums (Alqimmah, Al Fallujah and Ansar Al Mujahideen) the paper deals not only with different types of propaganda, but also with the intentions of the propagandists and the means they use to achieve their goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Physical Culture / Tělesná Kultura is the property of Palacky University in Olomouc and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Physical Culture / Tělesná Kultura is the property of Palacky University in Olomouc and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper deals with a debate that has gone on for more than half a century about the role of German atomic scientists during the Second World War. There have been two opposing views regarding the activity of the German physicists in the Uranium club. The prevailing and traditional version pointed out that German scientists did not want to construct an atomic bomb for Hitler for moral reasons. The second opinion holds that German scientists were working extensively not only on the atomic reactor but also on the atomic weapon. The paper interprets the latest documents, which clearly tend to support the second version. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Archeologické Rozhledy is the property of Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Archaeology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article is focused on the analysis of export performance of the German economy, including the model scenarios that illustrate the transmission of shocks to the external environment of the Germany into the Czech economy. The analysis is motivated by the fact that the German economy is by far the largest trading partner of the Czech Republic since its establishment in 1993 and that Germany plays the role of an economic «locomotive» in the broader European region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dr. Rudolf Turek belonged among well-known and esteemed natives born in the city of Mladá Boleslav. Due to his life-long dedication to history and archaeology, Dr. Turek also paid his attention to recognition of prehistoric and Early Mediaeval archaeological monuments in the region of Mladá Boleslav such as Řepov, Jezerní Vtelno and Chlum - just to mention only a few of them. He was immensely active in this field and the Municipal Museum of Mladá Boleslav and its collections largely benefited from it. He remained concerned with his native city also during his career in the National Museum in Prague, and frequently published archaeological news in local newspapers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with the application of theories of European integration on a case study. In the first part of the article the current state of the Czech-EU structural policy is described. The second part deals with the theoretical definition of the topic and leads to a definition of the hypothesis and the research method. The main theoretical approach for the case study is the multilevel governance theory, which describes the multi-level sharing of authority among various types of actors. None of those actors has the power to define the final version of a given policy. The case study, which in detail examines the development and the efficiency of the implementation system of structural policy in Czech Republic, proves that this environment can cause an overuse of free-riding tactics and consequently the so-called system rigidity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim of this paper is to describe development tendencies of Czech photojournalism in interwar period in the twentieth century. It analyzes and interprets visual materials and period photographic discourse and traces the ways it influenced content as well as visual aspects of illustrated magazines. The result of this paper is description of the role of these magazines during the period of establishing of photojournalism in Czech context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]