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Employment or, more precisely, participation of women on the labor market is one of the most apparent gender inequalities on the labor market. Economic theories explaining the segregation can be divided into three broader categories: neo-classic and human capital theories, theory of discrimination and finally institutional theory and labor market segmentation theory. The elimination of causes of these inequalities by appropriate policies implementation would help the better use of women working potential and the higher labor market effectivity. There are applied several policies in the Czech Republic which not only does not support the female participation but have rather negative influence. In this study, I investigate the impact of the two policy means, which can negatively influence the labor supply of women in the Czech Republic. First, joint taxation of spouses was enabled. The marginal tax-rate of women increases very often in case of profiting spouses; women might therefore lower their labor supply. Second, the system of the parental leave influences the female participation. The current Czech system can create significant barrier to women in entry and return to the labor market. Therefore, it leads to an excessive loss of the women human capital which markedly lowers their further employability.

Problems of women labor market is currently one of the most discussed issues. The member states of the European Union are supposed to perform an effort to increase female employment rate for which, namely the support of women's participation, is needed. In this study, I investigate the impact of the two policy means, which negatively influence the labor supply of women in the Czech Republic. First, joint taxation of spouses was enabled. The marginal tax-rate of women increases very often; women might therefore lower their labor supply. Second, the system of the parental leave influences the female participation. The current Czech system can create significant barrier to women in entry and return to the labor market. Therefore, it leads to an excessive loss of the women human capital. Better accessibility of part time jobs could ease the re-entry of women to the labor market. However, part-time work is also connected to various negative factors, especially the lower wages. The last part of my thesis analyzes the wage gap between the men and women. The decrease of the gender pay gap does not mean that the position of women has improved because it can be caused by participation lowering of women with potentially low wage. The pay gap consists of several components which stem not only from discrimination but...

UNIVERZITA KARLOVA V PRAZE FAKULTA SOCIÁLNÍCH VĚD Institut ekonomických studií Jindřich Matoušek Flexicurity on the Czech Labour Market: An Application in European Context Abstract of Bachelor Thesis Praha 2011 Abstract During the course of my bachelor thesis, I deal with a concept of flexicurity in the Czech Republic. The concept merges two apparently opposite components of labour market, i.e. flexibility and security. Furthermore, this approach has been spontaneously developed in Denmark and the Netherlands and became an inherent part of socio-legal labour market policies promoted by European Union at the beginning of the twentieth century. First part of this paper reviews a situation of both components of flexicurity in the Czech Republic at the time when this thesis is formed. It describes the evolution of unemployment as well as the degree of flexibility and security on the Czech labour market and compares them with current situation in the rest of European states. Second part analyses flexible forms of employment in the Czech Republic, such as part-time jobs and its microeconomic implications. In the final section, I focus on the evaluation of elements which affected the unemployment rate in the Czech Republic from 1993 to 2008. Title: Flexicurity on the Czech Labour Market: An Application in European...

This bachelor thesis studies social policies across Europe and models that can be detected among social security systems. Analysis of models is based on earlier studies that had examined the EU member states before the states of Eastern Europe joined in 2004. In this thesis the author extended the theory to examine current situation, when the European Union comprises 27 members. With an emphasis on social policy, social models are set in the context of strategies that the European Commission issued as incentives for social reform. Part of this work is the evaluation of social models and their possible convergence to the European social model.