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Tick saliva contains a lot of biological active substances helping them to succesfully complete their feeding which is neccesary for their next development. Both proteinaceous and non-proteinaceous molecules including protease inhibitors are present in tick saliva. The biggest family of these proteases are serpins. Serpins are involved in many biological processes as blood coagulation, fibrinolysis, apoptosis or inflammation. The aim of this diploma work was to determine expression profiles of 10 serpins from nymphs of Ixodes ricinus fed for different times using quantitative real time PCR. For chosen genes (IRS 10, IRS 20) dsRNA for silencing of the gene was prepared and using RNA interference the role of these genes during tick (I. ricinus nymphs) feeding and transmission of Borrelia afzelii spirochetes, a vector of Lyme borreliosis, was evaluated.Tick saliva contains a lot of biological active substances helping them to succesfully complete their feeding which is neccesary for their next development. Both proteinaceous and non-proteinaceous molecules including protease inhibitors are present in tick saliva. The biggest family of these proteases are serpins. Serpins are involved in many biological processes as blood coagulation, fibrinolysis, apoptosis or inflammation. The aim of this diploma work was to determine expression profiles of 10 serpins from nymphs of Ixodes ricinus fed for different times using quantitative real time PCR. For chosen genes (IRS 10, IRS 20) dsRNA for silencing of the gene was prepared and using RNA interference the role of these genes during tick (I. ricinus nymphs) feeding and transmission of Borrelia afzelii spirochetes, a vector of Lyme borreliosis, was evaluated.

MicroRNA (miRNA) are small non-coding 21-23 nucleotides long one strand RNAs. They are among the major posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression that regulate both physiological and pathological processes. Some of microRNAs, amount of their expression respectively, are specific only for certain type of tissue or pathological condition. The hypothesis for my diploma thesis was that gene expression of 28 cardiovascular disease associated microRNAs (miR-1-3p, miR-16-5p, miR-17-5p, miR- 20a-5p, miR-20b-5p, miR-21-5p, miR-23a-3p, miR-24-3p, miR-26a-5p, miR-29a-3p, miR-92a-3p, miR-100-5p, miR-103a-3p, miR-125b-5p, miR-126-3p, miR-130b-3p, miR-133a-3p, miR-143-3p, miR-145-5p, miR-146a-5p, miR-181-5p, miR-195-5p, miR- 199a-5p, miR-210-3p, miR-221-3p, miR-342-3p, miR-499a-5p, miR-574-3p) would differ in umbilical cord blood between groups of women with physiological pregnancies (FG), gestational hypertension (GH), preeclampsia (PE) and fetal growth restriciton (FGR). The studied cohort consisted of 184 pregnant women involving 44 controls, 47 GH pregnancies, 56 PE pregnancies and 37 FGR pregnancies. Relative quantification of microRNAs was performed by quantitative real-time PCR. Results showed a trend to miR-195-5p down-regulation in umbilical cord blood of GH patients. On the other hand, mild PE...

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs of length 18 to 25 nucleotides that regulate gene expression posttranscriptionally. Expression of some miRNAs is tissue specific. I assumed that pregnancy induced complications associated with placental insufficiency could be characterized by a unique profil of placental-specific miRNAs in maternal circulation. I measured concentration and gene expression of selected miRNAs (miR-516-5p, miR-517*, miR-518b, miR-520a*, miR-520h, miR-525 and miR-526a) in the plasma of patients with preeclampsia (PE), fetal growth restriction (FGR) and gestational hypertension (GH). The control group consisted of patients with a normal course of pregnancy (FG). I processed 168 plasma samples, the representation of individual diagnosis were as follows: PE 63, FGR 27, GH 23, FG 55. Detection and quantification was carried out by quantitative real-time PCR. I identified three miRNAs with elevated levels in a group of preeclamptic patients: miR-517*, miR-520a* and miR-525. The severity of the PE, which was characterized by a form of the disease (mild or severe PE) and term (before or after the 34th week of pregnancy), did not have a statistically significant effect on the levels of miRNAs. More than a quarter of patients had PE superimposed on previous hypertension. Previous history of...

This work is aimed at the study of the effect of 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) on the production and characteristics of ligninolytic enzymes (laccase, Mn-dependent peroxidase and lignin peroxidase) in I. lacteus, T. versicolor, P. chrysosporium and P. ostreatus cultures grown on two types of liquid media. Enzyme activity production in fungal cultures was affected by the composition of culture medium. In the case of P. chrysosporium, the addition of EE2 to the complex- medium cultures led to a MnP activity stimulation and simultaneously LiP production was partially repressed in these cultures. In the mineral MM medium, no effect of EE2 on enzyme production by P. chrysosporium was observed. In EE2 treated MM cultures of P. ostreatus lower MnP activities were found when compared to biotic controls. In the case of T. versicolor cultures, the addition of EE2 to the complex medium caused laccase and LiP stimulation in the cultures. In the MM medium, however, only laccase production was affected by EE2. I. lacteus MnP production was partially repressed by EE2 in MM medium. In contrast to that, significantly higher MnP activities were detected in complex- medium I. lacteus cultures after the treatment with EE2. Further EE2 degradation by the fungal cultures was studied. The highest degradation effeciency was...

Introduction. The aim of the study was to introduce a new BKV PCR protocol in our centre and to verify its accuracy as well as to assess the prevalence, risk factors of BK virus replication, course of BKV infection and therapeutic approaches in simultaneous pancreas and kidney (SPK) recipients in order to design a screening protocol. Methods. The results analysed by both Affigene® and Transplantation Virology, Basel PCR protocols were compared. Thereafter 183 SPK patients were examined to assess the prevalence of BK viremia, viruria and BKVN and to identify the risk factors of BKV replication. The cases of retransplantation after a graft loss due to BKVN were retrospectively described. Results. 100 of results were analysed according to the Affigene ® and Transplantation Virology, Basel PCR protocols with the accordance of 95%, Rho = 0,946, 95% CI: 0.920 - 0.963, P107 copies/mL detected in 3,7% of patiets, high-level virémia >104 in 1,6% of patients simultaneously with high-level viruria. BKVN was found in 0,5% of patients. Diabetes duration...