Search

My diploma paper introduce the theme "Experimental education", this specific educational style uses for its work authentic elements. It means that the educator tries to ignite the changes in behaviour of the individual. The aims of this kind of education are social, moral and personality related changes. The educator working with this method shows to all participants different situations and also provides an offer of several applicable solutions. All procedure is based on activities such as games which should serve as a mirror of real processes as a later resource of authentic experience. This experience is supported by feedback method so that it can be used in real life. Experimental education uses further specific methods of work concerning the preparation of the course for clients. First is dramaturgy - this method works especially well with games. Secondly, motivation is presented as a way to initiate all participants of such a course for the experimental work. Thirdly, all participants are protected against injuries and wounds except for the acceptable risk contained by the re - educational task. In the second part of my paper, I introduce the experiential programme "My future" where I try to analyse the preparation itself and the duration of the experiment. However, the main goal is to reach the...

In view of the dismal prognosis of unresected bronchial cancer, surgical resection should be encouraged even in patients with borderline cardiopulmonary function. Accurate estimation of the cardiopulmonary reserve is therefore desirable to avoid denying potentially curative treatment on the on hand and severe postoperative disability on the other. Various parameters (lung volumes, gas exchange, pulmonary hemodynamics, exercise endurance) are reviewed concerning their predictive values to evaluate functional operatibility. No ideal test exists. During exercise both pulmonary and cardiac risk can be evaluated simultaneously. The high predictive value of maximal oxygen uptake to assess postoperative morbidity and mortality is established. The postoperative values for the forced expiratory volumes, the transfer factor, and maximal oxygen uptake can be predicted by means of quantitative lung scans. A new four-stage algorithm for the functional evaluation is presented. Patients with normal lung function and exercise electrocardiography can undergo lung resection up to a pneumonectomy without further diagnostic procedures. In others, first the predicted postoperative values of forced expiratory volume and transfer factor should be estimated by taking into account the number of segments to be resected. Patients with values30% predicted are regarded as inoperable, whereas values40% predicted quality for resection without the need for further diagnostics. Patients with values between 30-40% predicted are further differentiated with cardiopulmonary exercise testing and for those cases where diagnostic uncertainty still remains, predicted postoperative values can be calculated using quantitative lung scans.