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Author: Petra Michalová Title: Possible orthotic solutions of Pes equinovarus congenitus Objective: The aim of this thesis is to point out and summarize the available options for solving the issue of Pes equinovarus congenitus. This thesis should also out provide vital information regarding the functional principles and technical composition of equipment and assess the influence of individual types of correction braces and create a basic overview of the relevant subject. The work is focused on the influence of knee-ankle-foot orthosis (KAFO) and ankle- foot orthosis (AFO) orthoses in one-sided congenital malformation of Pes equinovarus congenitus demonstrated on one case report. Methods: A proband at the age of about 1 with diagnosis of unilateral congenital malformation of the right lower limb (pes equinovarus congenitus) was involved. The proband was measured accordingly to provide specific data for the production of orthoses and then the subsequent production of three variants of orthosis suitable in the specific case of the solved proband took place. Results: The KAFO brace was proved to be the most efficient choice in this particular case. Keywords: pes equinovarus congenitus, congenital defect, lower limb deformity, orthotics, orthosis, KAFO, AFO

The bachelor's thesis deals with a topic: "The System of the prenatal diagnosis of fetal harm" and it's divided to two parts, the theoretical part and the research section. The theoretical part, which is the introductory part of the thesis, has three main chapters. The first chapter is focused on the prenatal care. This chapter describes the prenatal care in general, who provides that. It is dealt by pregnancy card, which is the essential component of the prenatal care and frequency of checks. The biggest part of the chapter is devoted to a detailed overview regularly and irregularly, or examination carried out in time. The second chapter is focused on prenatal diagnosis of congenital defects in the fetus and describes individual screening methods of investigation and diagnostic methods of congenital defects in the fetus. At the end of this chapter is a mention of Prenascan. It means new and only diagnostic noninvasive tests for congenital defects in the fetus. The last chapter deals with a role of the midwives in the prenatal care. In this chapter it doesn't lack the definition of the midwife, the psychological side of the midwife and the relationship midwife and clients. It's important that the interrelationship was based on trust and respect. The end of this chapter is focused on educational activities of midwives. The education has an important role in the prenatal care. It's very challenging activities from the perspective of midwives, which places demands on knowledge and skills. The midwife educates a pregnant woman about healthy habits, care of herself. It's in connection with prenatal diagnosis of congenital defects in the fetus. The research section focuses on worries of woman, maps quality and satisfaction of woman with the provided information and satisfaction with the attitude of healthy personal. The bachelor's thesis has these goals: The goal 1- Map methods prenatal diagnosis of fetal harm. The goal 2 Find out what information and approaches consider women as important in the area of prenatal diagnosis, when the screening in I. trimester of pregnancy is positive.Based on the above objectives were determined these research question: The Research question 1 What are women afraid of most? (There are women who have increased risk of birth defects). The Research question 2 What quality information have they about the fallowing procedures? The Research question 3 What satisfaction of women is whit attitude of health personal?

The aim of the thesis is to elaborate a literary overall summary of male reproduction system by dogs. In addition to the hereditary defects, the most frequent non-hereditary defects which affect the dog reproduction will be described as well. Further the terms animal breeding, heredity and congenital defect will be explained. The results of the present research will be presented in the conclusion.

The aim of the bachelor thesis is to create comprehensive literature review about dog?s eyes inherited diseases. The thesis covers themes such as the diseases symptoms, cause of the diseases and diseases transmittion to the parent?s offspring. The notions of congenital and inherited defects are described further in the thesis. The eye diseases are divided into groups according to place where in the eye can occur.

The subject of this bachelor thesis is to create a well-arranged and comprehensible review of the current status and possibilities of the prenatal diagnosis, as it nowadays represents an integral part of almost all pregnancies and many pregnant women decide whether to undergo a prenatal diagnosis and which method of the prenatal diagnosis should be employed in order to achieve a maximum guarantee that they will not give birth to a child with a defect. This thesis has a total of six aims. To find out if the midwives are informed about possibilities of screening examinations in the pregnancy, whether they proceed in compliance with the recommendations of the Society for Gynaecology and Obstetrics during these examinations, whether the pregnant women according to the midwives understand the meaning of the screening examinations, whether the pregnant women according to the midwives are interested in performance of screening examinations in pregnancy and whether the pregnant women are interested in optional, above standard examinations that are not fully covered from the health insurance. In order to ascertain these aims, a total of six hypotheses were postulated on the grounds of which an anonymous questionnaire was created that was focused on evaluation of the theoretical knowledge of the midwives about possibilities of screening examinations in pregnancy and on evaluations of pregnant women{\crq}s interest in these examinations based on the opinions of the midwives. The questionnaire contained a total of 26 questions. The cohort of respondents consisted of the midwives working with pregnant women in 79 selected gynaecological-obstetric outpatient departments in Prague where the research was carried out. A total of 146 questionnaires were distributed, the rate of return of which was 66%. The interpretation of the results is based on the total of 94 respondents. The first hypothesis was based on a presumption that the midwives are informed about possibilities of the screening examinations in pregnancy. This presumption was confirmed as the opinions of the respondents were in 66% in accordance with this hypothesis. In the hypothesis 2, there was a presumption that in the field of the screening examinations, the midwives do not proceed according to the recommendations of the Society for Gynaecology and Obstetrics. This hypothesis was not confirmed as nearly all midwives claimed to proceed in compliance with these recommendations. In the third hypothesis, there was a presumption that according to the midwives, the pregnant women do not know the meaning of the screening examinations in pregnancy. This hypothesis was not confirmed as the average of 86% midwives gave a positive answer at this point. The fourth hypothesis was based on a presumption that midwives positively evaluate the importance of the screening examinations in pregnancy. This hypothesis was confirmed as the average of 92% of responders evaluated the importance of these examinations positively. In the fifth hypothesis, there was a presumption that the pregnant women are according to the midwives interested in performance of screening examination in pregnancy. This hypothesis was confirmed as the average of 95% of respondents gave opinions that were in accordance with this hypothesis. The last hypothesis was based on a presumption that the pregnant women are not interested in the optional, above standard examinations that are not fully covered from the health insurance. This hypothesis was not confirmed as the average of 51% of respondents reported the pregnant women to be interested in these examinations. This thesis and the results of the research part should help the midwives and other medical staff to increase the awareness on screening examination methods of the prenatal diagnosis.