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Tento příspěvek je zaměřen na relační databáze a představuje náš inovativní přístup k problematice využívání atributů s výčtovým datovým ty-pem (dále označovány jako doménové atributy). Velkým nedostatkem existují-cích řešení daného problému je např. nezbytný zásah do navrženého schématu databáze při každém požadavku na přidání nového doménového atributu. Námi navržený způsob správy doménových atributů využívá některé dobré vlastnosti dřívějších řešení, není závislý na zvoleném relačním systému řízení báze dat a nevyžaduje zásah do schématu databáze kromě přidání nového doménového atributu. Navržený způsob správy doménových atributů v relační databázi bude využit v námi řešeném projektu Zpřístupnění dotazů jazykové poradny v lin-gvisticky strukturované databázi.

This work deals with the use of NoSQL database systems in an environment of financial institutions. The work has several objectives: to characterize the types of NoSQL database systems, for selected systems to analyze their properties, their potential use in financial institutions to develop proposals case studies for their use, and one of them select and implement a demonstration of the possibilities of using this type of database system in the specific environment of financial institutions. These objectives are to be achieved by providing a description and analysis of the theoretical part, practical part in designing, choosing, implementation, verification and acceptance of one case study - based on acceptances criteria. In the thesis are the basic concepts of database systems explained first. It is explained in more detail the concept of NoSQL and related terms including causes and genesis, classification systems NoSQL in each category. The next part contains a comparison of the characteristics of relational database - relational systems and NoSQL database systems. The next chapter deals with the needs of financial institutions in the context of the use of database systems. There are also analyzed the properties of several selected NoSQL database systems . The next chapter is based on the analytical findings from previous chapters devoted to finding poten-tials lu use NoSQL database systems in an environment of financial institutions, which is the basic theme of the thesis . The penultimate chapter contains a suggestions of case studies, one of which is selected and a description of the results of its implementation are described in the last chapter . The main contribution of this work is a contribution to the theory of NoSQL systems and the possibili-ty of their use by financial institutions, which take into account when choosing a database system, or a combination of database systems, in practical terms can lead not only to increase the efficiency of their use, but also to optimize the acquisition and operational the costs of such systems.

This thesis deals with database systems referred to as NoSQL databases. In the second chapter, I explain basic terms and the theory of database systems. A short explanation is dedicated to database systems based on the relational data model and the SQL standardized query language. Chapter Three explains the concept and history of the NoSQL databases, and also presents database models, major features and the use of NoSQL databases in comparison with traditional database systems. In the fourth chapter I focus on the various representatives of NoSQL databases, in particular the ones that are most frequently used. In the next chapter, I have taken a practical look at a NoSQL database, specifically Apache Cassandra. I briefly describe the steps required to launch Apache Cassandra and its administration tools. In this practically-oriented chapter, I also show basic operations performed over a sample database using Cassandra CLI, its interactive command line interface. The purpose of this chapter is to make the reader familiar with the method of working with the Apache Cassandra database system and to point out some of its specific aspects. The primary objective of this thesis is to acquaint readers with the most important features and representatives of NoSQL databases and the potential for their practical use.

Goal of this paper was to compare chosen open source database management systems from theoretical and practical point and assess their suitable use. For this comparison I chose MySQL, PostgreSQL and MonetDB database systems. Theoretical comparison involved licenses covering the systems, available support, supported platforms, usable interfaces and data types. In practical comparison I conducted basic installation and configuration in real environment and tested performance of execution of certain SQL queries. One of the aspects of performance testing was to determine the influence of data storing architecture on speed of execution of specific types of queries. Documentation available with the compared systems and official web pages of particular systems served as the main source for theoretical comparison. I conducted the practical part using the linux platform. To access the systems and for the SQL queries input I used the standard JDBC interface. As data for testing I used random data from Open Source Database Benchmark, which I ordered into two similar tables. I defined the test queries myself in order to compare the performance of database systems in whole and in particular fields. I've reached a conclusion that MySQL is suitable for corporate and stand-alone users thanks to wide support, choice of licenses and diversified spectrum of available interfaces and supported platforms. However, its performance in many fields including index creation and ordering of data was very poor in tested configuration. PostgreSQL can indeed discourage mostly corporate users by worse choice of commercial support and interfaces shipped with the system, but these problems are mostly compensated by active community, or third parties. The performance of PostgreSQL was outstanding, I find it suitable for larger data collections and it's fast even in cases when indexing of data didn't take place. MonetDB, as a not well-known while academically developed system, has little chance for a breakthrough outside its field of origin. Its column oriented storage of data proved convenient when selecting very small number of columns. Even without any indexation all test queries were executed with good speed. Individual chapters of the theoretical part are divided based on the compared systems. The practical part only consists of one chapter divided according to order of actions. At the end of each chapter there is evaluation of discovered facts.