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Serum amyloid A (SAA) is one of the acute phase reactants. Its concentration in the organism rises in response to various stimuli, whether of infectious or non-infectious origin. SAA is an apolipoprotein that interacts with HDL, promotes the accumulation of leukocytes at the site of inflammation and the adhesion of platelets and participates in the removal of damaged cell membranes. SAA is water-insoluble, as is its precursor protein, which forms amyloid A deposits in various organs. Although the SAA value drops back to the minimum value after the reaction subsides, the organism no longer removes the amyloid A deposits from the tissues. Accumulation of amyloid in tissues results in their damage and limitation of function, and in the worst cases, leads to their failure. The formation of deposits in the tissues of organs is the basis of disease called amyloidosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the communication is to remind the issue and the clinical significance of selected laboratory parameters used in the diagnosis and monitoring of patients with AA amyloidosis. Correct typing of amyloid masses, exclusion of AL type of amyloidosis, and in particular the clarification of the underlying disease are among the most important aspects in the diagnosis of disease. An essential prerequisite in the treatment of AA amyloidosis is a control of underlying process with a reduction of amyloidogenic serum amyloid A levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]