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Tinea capitis and tinea corporis are dermatophytoses mostly appearing in childhood. Depending on the type of causative dermatophyte they might present as a superficial mycosis or a deep infection with a serious inflammatory reaction. Microsporum canis is the most common pathogen in our climate. Tinea capitis is treated by systemic antifungals, mostly terbinafine and intraconazole, tinea corporis requires local or systemic treatment according to the disease extent. We present three children with tinea capitis and corporis caused by an atypical dermatophyte Arthroderma benhamiae, spreading from an infected guinea pig. The first case manifested as a strong inflammatory lesion on the scalp of a ten-year old girl with systemic symptoms. Systemic terbinafine therapy failed. The second case describes infection in two siblings successfully treated by combination of systemic terbinafine and local therapy. The former systemic therapy of tinea capitis by fluconazole and local ciclopirox olamine treatment was not successful in one of the siblings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the study was to evaluate the spectrum of causative agents of the main clinical forms of dermatophytoses in the Czech Republic by molecular genetic methods (MGM). During two years (from July 2011 to June 2013), 3255 cultivation specimens were positive for dermatophytes. The highest number of specimens was isolated from tinea unguinum (55,5%), then tinea corporis (29,2%), tinea pedis (14,6%) and tinea capitis (0,7%). The identification of isolated species (n = 672) except for Trichophytom rubrum (n = 2563) was performed by MGM (PCR fingerprinting or sequencing of ITS segments of rDNA). For T. rubrum only morphologically non-clear isolates were identified (n = 189). In total, 14 species of dermatophytes were identified. The most important change noticed compared to previous results was an increased detection of Arthroderma benhamiae in the cases of tinea corporis (22,9%) and tinea capitis (29,2%). Geophilic species caused only 1,3% of all infections even if this group comprised the highest number of species with two newly described ones and also Microsporum persicolor and M. fulvum wich are usually overlooked in the morphological examination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tinea capitis profunda caused by Trichophyton tonsurans is rare, especially in children. The author describes the clinical manifestations, epidemiological investigation, diagnosis and treatment of this disease in a child aged four and half years. Attention is drawn to the diagnostic and therapeutic problems in outpatient practice and the risk of infection spreading in a population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The skin of the scalp differs from the skin on the other areas of the body because of a higher density of hair follicles and higher sebum production. These, together with the presence of hair, provide a suitable environment for superficial infections, infestations and inflammatory diseases. The good condition of the scalp has a significant impact on the patient's mental well-being and social interaction. The visibility of this part of the skin and the presence of hair itself restrict the range of possible therapeutic agents that can be used due to the complicated application and poor cosmetic outcome. That is the reason why different galenic forms are usually chosen for the scalp compared to the other sites of the skin. The article provides an overview of the most common scalp disorders, the diagnostic approach and recommendations for the treatment.