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Relatively little evidence about the validity threats in open-book multiple-choice tests exist. The aim of this study was to examine validity aspects relating to gener-alization, extrapolation and decision of a multiple-choice test of medical knowledge with aids (open-book and internet access). The theoretical framework was modern validity theory, and the study was designed as a ‘known groups com-parison’ study. Test performances of three known groups of test takers hypothe-sized to have different knowledge levels of the test content were compared, and analysis of pass/fail decisions was used to examine implications of decisions based on test scores. Results indicated that it was possible to discriminate between expert and non-expert test taker groups even with the access to aids. In contrast, an inde-fensible passing score was found to be the largest potential threat to test validity. Relatively little evidence about the validity threats in open-book multiple-choice tests exist. The aim of this study was to examine validity aspects relating to gener-alization, extrapolation and decision of a multiple-choice test of medical knowledge with aids (open-book and internet access). The theoretical framework was modern validity theory, and the study was designed as a ‘known groups com-parison’ study. Test performances of three known groups of test takers hypothe-sized to have different knowledge levels of the test content were compared, and analysis of pass/fail decisions was used to examine implications of decisions based on test scores. Results indicated that it was possible to discriminate between expert and non-expert test taker groups even with the access to aids. In contrast, an inde-fensible passing score was found to be the largest potential threat to test validity.

Untreated acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL) is a rapidly lethal blood cancer. Conventional treatment consists of all-trans retinoic acid and chemotherapy. Standard chemo-therapy-containing treatments necessitate the use of blood products. This is a case report of typical APL in a 32-year-old female patient, who due to religious conviction refused supportive therapy with blood products. A treatment regimen consisting of all-trans retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide was successful without the use of blood transfusions.

Acute promyelocytic leukaemia has changed from being a highly fatal to a highly curable disease. Over time, key discoveries have identified the genetic and molecular abnormalities, which cause the disease. First choice of treatment has now changed from all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and chemotherapy to a chemo-free combination of arsenic trixoide and ATRA. This new regimen has shown equal responses and overall cure rates compared with the previous standard of care containing conventional chemotherapy, but with much lower toxicity. This will pave the way for better and easier treatment for elderly and frail patients.

Årets rapport omfatter en præsentation af udbredelsesområde og areal for 34 lysåbne terrestriske naturtyper baseret på de seneste kortlægnings- og overvågningsdata. Rapporten retter særligt fokus på udviklingstendenser i udvalgte indikatorer for tilstanden på de intensivt overvågede stationer i de lysåbne naturtyper tørre overdrev på kalkholdig sand, kalkoverdrev, sure overdrev, tidvis våde enge, hængesæk, tørvelavninger, avneknippemoser samt kildevæld. Udviklingen bygger på overvågningsdata fra 2004 til 2009, da der kun er indsamlet ganske få data i 2010 og 2011

In haematological malignancies, molecular markers like fusion DNA from balanced translocations, point mutations, or over-expressed genes can now be used not only for diagnosis, but also for determination of the minimal residual disease (MRD) after cytoreduction with a sensitivity by far exceeding that of previous methodologies. The sensitivity of quantitative polymerase chain reaction typically reaches a validated identification of 1 malignant cell in 100,000. Udgivelsesdato: 2009-Jan-19