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Different things are at stake when organizations face difficult decisions amidst value conflicts. Individuals who participate in those decisions bring their own values to the table that they weigh against the values that their organization promotes. How should we weigh personal values versus collective values when they are in conflict?

Since 2005, scope and content of the biomedical laboratory scientist education have been defined by national guidelines to ensure equal final competence for all candidates. From 2019, a new regulation on national guidelines was approved. Both new and old guidelines have regulated the learning outcomes and scope of practice in education. In this study, the scope and organization of the practical studies at the various study programs are characterized, in order to investigate differences and similarities and to facilitate that the study programs can learn from each other. Data has been obtained from each study program for the scope and organization of supervised internal practice, external practice and the bachelor thesis are reported for all study programs before and after the introduction of new guidelines. This study shows differences in the scope and organization of the practice and the bachelor thesis between the study programs in Norway and especially in the organization of internal practice. At the same time, the new guidelines open up for a further interpretation of the concept of practice and of requirements for the scope and organization of practice. In order to ensure equal final competence for the graduates, regardless of place of study, there is a need to agree to a greater extent on what provides sufficient scope and good quality of clinical practice in the study programs of biomedical laboratory scientists. This descriptive study shows the need for further research collaboration between the educational institutions, in order to develop a biomedical laboratory scientist education of the best possible quality for the future.

For this open issue of the Etikk i Praksis: Nordic Journal of Applied Ethics, we put together a broad mix of different articles tackling current important issues in the field.

As the year 2022 ends, we continue to face challenging issues and uncertainties about what should be the right approach to various ethical problems society face. In approaching these problems we reflect on our existing guiding values but also discover new ones. We then try to figure out how our actions and decisions could align with our well-considered judgments until we achieve some degree of reflective equilibrium.

The editorial introduces original articles, a commentary and book review.

This special issue of Etikk i Praksis – Nordic Journal of Applied Ethics features four articles that address a number of urgent ethical issues that arise in the COVID-19 pandemic.

This open issue of the Nordic Journal of Applied Ethics consists of four papers that discuss topics covering fetal diagnostics ethics, value conflicts in the use of artificial intelligence, abortion and population ethics.

This open issue of the Nordic Journal of Applied Ethics consists of four papers that discuss the topics covering vaccination, sustainability, development ethics research and family ethics. It also includes a book review.

The current issue provides readers with a range of perspectives on sustainable governance and related matters, such as the ethics and politics of climate change. The articles display the complexity of environmental problems, while offering guidance on how to deal with them. We hope to inspire further discussion of the important topics raised by the authors. The open section brings to light some well-reasonded responses to ethical issues in healthcare financing and delivery that we need to address in Scandinavian societies. These discussions are very relevant to the ethical challenges faced by healthcare systems in the rest of the world as well.

This issue provides readers the opportunity to broaden understanding of methods used in applied ethics. We hope you will be inspired to decide on which method, or a combination of different ones, to use towards achieving reflective balance that can enhance understanding of all considerations relevant to deciding what should be done. Like tools, methods are used because they are well suited to the task we seek to accomplish.

Four papers are included in this November 2018 special issue Open Section. First is by Bjørn Hofmann and Siri Granum Carson titled Filosofiens rolle i det offentlige ordskiftet: Hvordan har debatten om sorteringssamfunnet i 2017 påvirket forholdet mellom filosofi og samfunn? En innholdsanalyse (The role of philosophy in public debate - A content analysis of the debate on the "sorting society" in Norway in 2017). Second, Provokativ offentlig filosofi (Provocative Public Philosophy) by Aksel Braanen Sterri. Third, Steinar Bøyum’s The Democratic Duty to Educate Oneself. And fourth, Jonas Jakobsen and Kjersti Fjørtoft’s In defence of moderate Inclusivism: Revisiting Rawls and Habermas.

This open themed issue of Etikk i praksis compiles five diverse papers that overlap at key conceptual intersections around trust, care and responsibilities across national boundaries. Our globalized social environments have become more and more complex, and the information needed to understand society and our moral responsibilities have grown ever more challenging. The ‘fake news’ buzzword, used by various societal actors to cast doubt on political rivals, is shaking the trust needed to be confident about institutional sources of information. The caring attitude that serves to cement social groups and communities seems to be weakening in certain contexts, resulting in individual acts of unimaginable violence that shock us to the core. On the other hand, we are inspired when the same caring attitude mobilizes groups and individuals to reach across national boundaries and aid those who are suffering. In sorting through the generalizations and attempts to categorize the many highly complex social phenomena that occur in our interconnected global realities, we apply careful analysis of both facts and values that facilitate ethical reflection, helping us to make ethical decisions.

The editors of Etikk i praksis are pleased to introduce six papers in this open-themed issue for the journal’s 10th year anniversary.

This article argues that protection of the environment requires reconsidering basic liberal ideas relating to value and growth. It selects a central thinker in the liberal tradition, John Locke, as a starting point. The article first shows how Locke’s political writings at first glance might support a “possessive individualist” position that gives primacy to individuals and their rights to property in a way that blocks governmental action to protect the environment, much as some modern versions of liberalism and libertarianism maintain. However, there are other aspects of Locke’s writings that undermine this position. In particular, a reconsideration of his views on private property in combination with his views on the harm principle, the common good, and future generations can support the position that an individual’s right to exploit nature is indeed limited. These elements of Locke are strengthened considerably if Locke’s view of nature is updated by reconsidering nature as composed of ecosystems and as providing ecosystem goods and services. That land should continue to produce abundantly is foundational to Locke, and the failure to protect the ecosystems that provide key services supporting this abundance harms both the property of others and the viability of society: preservation of these constitute a collective good that transcends the individual good. The protection of ecosystem services also works to protect the value of individual holdings as well as the value of land still held in common. Finally, Locke’s writing supports the view that it is the role of government to act to protect the abundance of nature, even against the wishes of an individual property owner. Article first published online: 25 Feb 2017

Climate change mitigation effort is being translated into several actions and discourses that make collateral benefits and their rationale increasingly relevant for sustainability, in such a way that they are now a constant part of the political agenda. Taking a border and consensual perspective, co-benefits are considered here to be emerging advantages of the implementation of measures regarding the lowering of greenhouse gases. Departing from the analysis of policy documents referring to two European urban transportation strategies, the emergent co-benefits are problematized and discussed to better understand their moral aspect. Further ethical reflection is conducted after an analysis of some unintended consequences of co-benefits rationale coming from the mentioned examples. The focus is primarily on the challenges of an integrative moral justification for co-benefits and also for their role in the climate change mitigation effort. We also discuss the limitations of the current normative models that frame co-benefits rationale, from a moral viewpoint and in relation to the overall climate change mitigation strategy. In this article, we propose the concepts of well-being and freedom, as portrayed by Capabilities Approach, as possible guiding notions for the moral and social evaluation of goodness of these emergent benefits and their rationale too. Additionally, some preliminary conclusions are drawn regarding the potential of the presented concepts to favour the climate change mitigation action. Finally, a scenario is drawn where Capabilities Approach is the moral guideline for co-benefits rationale showing this way its potential in terms of enhancing climate change mitigation strategy.

Dette nummeret av tidsskriftet er et åpent nummer. Der fire av fem bidrag handler om profesjonsetikk. Ett av disse drøfter profesjonsetikk mer generelt, mens de andre tre fokuserer på bestemte profesjoner. Det ene bidraget drøfter spionvirksomhet, mens de andre to ser på toppfotball og global helseetikk. I tillegg har vi et bidrag som sammenlikner etikk og identitetsbygging innenfor ulike nasjonale kontekster.

Temanummer om «etikkbølgen» i yrkesutdanning og -praksisHøstens utgave av Etikk i praksis er et temanummer om «etikkbølgen» innen yrkesutdanning og -praksis, altså tendensen til å gjøre etikk til et eksplisitt tema for fag, kurs, kodekser og retningslinjer innen ulike profesjoner og utdanningsløp. Den tematiske delen består av fire artikler som omhandler ulike yrkesgruppers møte med «etikkbølgen». I den åpne delen har vi to artikler: en som drøfter vårens store profesjonsetiske slag i norsk politikk, nemlig fastlegenes reservasjonsrett, og en som tar for seg en ofte oversett side ved global rettferdighet, nemlig de fattige landenes forpliktelser.

Dette nummeret av Etikk i praksis – Nordic Journal of Applied Ethics er et temanummer om styring av naturressurser. Den tematiske delen inneholder tre artikler, mens den åpne delen har to artikler som drøfter svært dagsaktuelle tema.

Dette nummeret av Etikk i praksis – Nordic Journal of Applied Ethics er kommet i stand i stafettpinneskiftet mellom avtroppende og påtroppende redaksjon. Vi byr på bidrag fra et variert utsnitt av det mangfoldige forskningsfeltet som omfattes av anvendt etikk. Tematisk er det bredde i utvalget, men felles for alle bidragene er at de drøfter svært relevante tema som også er til stede i offentlige medier.

Both the scholarly and certainly the popular literatures surrounding information and computing ethics make frequent reference to one or more revolutions. To be sure, in an age that has witnessed—and is increasingly driven by—rapid technological innovation and diffusion, it is tempting to believe that new technologies cannot help but to transform our lives and worlds in radical, dramatic, and thus revolutionary ways.