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This study deals with a transmission electron microscopic examination of the nose cilia. Dyskinetic or dysfunctional cilia result clinically in the immotile-cilia syndrome. Differentiation between congenital and acquired anomalies is important. An early diagnosis as part of the therapeutic approach should be considered.

The authors draw the attention on the existence of dyskinetic and immotile cilia in patients with chronic respiratory infections of unknown origin. The study of the ultrastructure of the ciliae is done by a transmission electron microscope. It is very important to make a difference between primary and acquired anomalies. Furthermore, the authors emphasize the importance of early diagnosis in view of a treatment.