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Abstract: We develop and analyze a model for the interactions of T-cells, antigen presenting cells (APCs), and HIV-1. Our model consists of five components: APCs, resting helper T-cells, activated uninfected helper T-cells, activated and infected helper T-cells, and the free virus. We emphasize the impact of APCs during HIV infection and the cell-to-cell contact manner in the transference of HIV-1 in vivo. The existence and stability of the uninfected steady state and those of the infected steady states are discussed. The uniform persistence of the system is also obtained. As a novel approach, multiple exposures of HIV-1 are illustrated and discussed in the paper. Through numerical stimulations, we check the sensitivity of APCs and helper T-cells in impacting the infection outcome and obtain some relevant results. We also give the lowest infectioe dose for certain individuals. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The entry of exogenous antigen into the MHC class I-restricted crosspresentation pathway can contribute to CD8+ T cell tolerance and immunity, in particular to peripheral self-antigens or selected viruses and bacteria showing restricted tissue tropism. Dendritic cells are the key crosspresenting cells and, as such, they are thought to carry specialized machinery dedicated to this purpose. Two recent papers describe intracellular components tailored to the dendritic cell crosspresentation pathway. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]