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Enfuvirtide (ENF) is a peptide medicine clinically used for the treatment of HIV infections. The outcome shows that mesoporous HSNs having pores that are thought to be larger than ENF are better substances for the ingression of ENF with MW = 4492.1 g/mol than microporous HSNs. HPSNs that can internally keep peptide medicine like ENF can provide the peptide with good protection from external protease digestion, which are generally considered as 10 times bigger than peptides, reduce the biodegradability of the medicine, and maintain the remedial effect longer. They are not so different from that of ENF lane in which ENF amount is 10 g. Therefore, ENF was consistently released from HPSN every about 8-10% after 14, 19, and 33 days. [Extracted from the article]

Abstract: Initiation factor 1 (IF1) is an essential protein in Escherichia coli involved in the initiation step of protein synthesis. The protein level of IF1 increases when E. coli cells are subjected to cold shock, however, it remains unclear as to how this increase occurs. The infA gene encoding IF1 contains two promoters, the distal P1 and the proximal P2 promoter. In this study, we found that infA mRNA was greatly increased, and that this increase resulted from transcriptional activation of P1, not P2, during cold shock although stability of transcripts from both promoters concomitantly increased. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]