1. Enhanced rate performance of nanoporous nickel-antimony anode for sodium ion batteries.
- Author
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Ma, Wensheng, Guo, Zhiyuan, Xu, Yanzhao, Bai, Qingguo, Gao, Hui, Wang, Weimin, Yang, Wanfeng, and Zhang, Zhonghua
- Subjects
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SODIUM ions , *NANOPOROUS materials , *ANODES , *CHARGE transfer , *MASS spectrometry , *X-ray diffraction , *ANTIMONY - Abstract
• Nanoporous NiSb (np-NiSb) alloy was fabricated by a facile dealloying strategy. • The np-NiSb anode exhibits good cycling stability and superior rate capability. • Operando XRD reveals the sodiation/desodiation mechanism of the np-NiSb anode. • On-line DEMS verifies the gas release of half cells with NiSb anode during cycling. Engineering Sb-based anode materials is the key to enhance their electrochemical performance for sodium ion batteries (SIBs) by solving the issues of the rapid capacity decay and poor rate capability. In this work, a nanoporous NiSb alloy (np-NiSb) with a three-dimensionally interconnected ligament-channel structure was synthesized by a facile dealloying strategy. As an anode for SIBs, the np-NiSb alloy exhibits excellent cycling performance, rate capability and stability with a reversible capacity of 334.6 mAh g −1 at 0.2 A g −1 after 100 cycles, 155.6 mAh g −1 at 20 A g −1 and a capacity retention rate of 97% after 100 cycles at 1 A g −1. The nanoporous structure and the introduction of inactive Ni effectively tolerate the dramatic volume changes during the charge/discharge processes, restraining the pulverization of np-NiSb. The unique ligament-channel network structure with an average size of about 30 nm significantly shortens the ion transmission distance, ensuring the fast charge transfer at high rates. Operando X-ray diffraction reveals the sodiation/desodiation mechanism of the np-NiSb anode during the discharge/charge processes. In addition, on-line differential electrochemical mass spectrometry further explores the reaction mechanism of np-NiSb. This work highlights constructing nanoporous Sb-based alloys as an effective strategy to improve the performance of SIBs. [Display omitted] As an anode for SIBs, the np-NiSb alloy with bicontinuous ligament-channel structure exhibits good cycling stability with capacity retention rate of 97% over 100 cycles at 1 A g −1 (279.7 mAh g −1). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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