1. Enlarged hyperechogenic substantia nigra as a risk marker for Parkinson's disease.
- Author
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Berg D, Behnke S, Seppi K, Godau J, Lerche S, Mahlknecht P, Liepelt-Scarfone I, Pausch C, Schneider N, Gaenslen A, Brockmann K, Srulijes K, Huber H, Wurster I, Stockner H, Kiechl S, Willeit J, Gasperi A, Fassbender K, Gasser T, and Poewe W
- Subjects
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Biomarkers, Cohort Studies, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Disease Progression, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Risk Assessment, Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color, Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial, Parkinson Disease diagnostic imaging, Substantia Nigra diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Background: SN hyperechogenicity (SN+), determined by transcranial sonography, has been proposed as a risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD). Recently, we reported a 17.4-fold increased risk for PD in individuals with SN+ older than 50 years within 3 years., Methods: This is the second follow-up of a prospective, longitudinal, three-center observational study after 5 years. Of the initial 1,847 at baseline PD-free participants 50 years or older, 1,271 underwent the 5-year reassessment., Results: Within 5 years, 21 individuals developed incident PD. Participants with SN+ at baseline had a more than 20.6 times increased risk to develop PD in this time span than those without this echo feature., Conclusion: We thus confirm our finding of the 3-year follow-up examination in a longer observation time and higher number of individuals with incident PD and suggest SN+ as an important risk marker for PD., (Copyright © 2012 Movement Disorders Society.)
- Published
- 2013
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