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The article discusses a study which investigated the flora of paper-mill lime waste dumps near Glasgow, Scotland. The topography and description of the lime dumps on which the current work is being conducted is presented. The constituents of the lime dumps come from the accumulation of all the refuse from the paper mills for a period of 6 to 7 years and contains mud and a large variety of substances, such as old beltings and boots. A chart is presented which shows an analysis of the substances found in the area.

This paper reviews the work of the Glasgow Quality of Life Group, a limited life project (1986–1990) within the Applied Population Research Unit of the then Department of Geography and Topographic Science at the University of Glasgow. It explores the contribution of Ronan Paddison, and the wider innovations and impact of the group's work. It argues that these innovations were methodological, strategic, and challenged the prevailing wisdom of the day that understood GB to riven by a simple north-south divide, in which the 'north' was perceived to be the poorer partner in every way. Although of a time and place, the work of the GQLG remains pertinent to contemporary challenges and concerns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arboriculture & Urban Forestry is the property of International Society of Arboriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article offers information on the 16th International Conference on Condition Monitoring and Asset Management to be held at the Principal Grand Central Hotel, Glasgow, Scotland from June 25-27, 2019 which will include presentations and industrial sessions.

Purpose: Place-based community events fulfil important functions, internally and externally. They provide opportunities for people from diverse communities and cultures to encounter each other, to participate in pleasurable activities in convivial settings and to develop mutual understanding. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the value of such events as a means of resisting or challenging the deleterious effects of territorial stigmatisation. Design/methodology/approach: The authors explore two place-based community events in areas that have been subject to territorial stigmatisation: Govanhill in Glasgow, Scotland, and South Dunedin, New Zealand. They draw on in-depth case study methods including observation and interviews with key local actors and employ inductive analysis to identify themes across the datasets. Findings: The demonstrate how neighbourhood events in both Glasgow and Dunedin actively seek to address some of the deleterious outcomes of territorial stigmatisation by emphasising strength and asset-based discourses about the areas they reflect and represent. In their planning and organisation, both events play an important mediating role in building and empowering community, fostering intercultural encounters with difference and strengthening mutuality within their defined places. They make use of public and semi-public spaces to attract diverse groups while also increasing the visibility of marginalised populations through larger showcase events. Research limitations/implications: The empirical element focuses only on two events, one in Glasgow, Scotland (UK), and the other in South Dunedin (New Zealand). Data generated were wholly qualitative and do not provide quantitative evidence of "change" to material circumstances in either case study community. Practical implications: Helps organisers think about how they need to better understand their communities if they are to attract diverse participation, including how they programme public and semi-public spaces. Social implications: Place-based community events have significant value to neighbourhoods, and they need to be resourced effectively if they are to sustain the benefits they produce. These events provide an opportunity for diverse communities to encounter each other and celebrate what they share rather than what divides them. Originality/value: This paper is the first to examine how place-based community events help resist narratives of territorial stigmatisation, which produce negative representations about people and their environments. The paper draws on ethnographic insights generated over time rather than a one-off snapshot which undermines some events research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the details on the symposium organized by the International Network for Learning and Teaching Geography in Higher Education (INLT) in 2004. The four stages in the process are offered, including a call for contributors and grouping them, preparation of outline of the papers, discussion of the papers in the workshop, and editing of papers. It discusses the papers from the INLT Glasgow workshop, which included topics about the concept of co-learning, the effectiveness of fieldwork in learning, problem-based learning (PBL), and distance education.

This paper sets out a research agenda for oral history in/and geography, with a particular focus on emotional historical geographies. With three families' relocation from inner‐city Glasgow to the new town of East Kilbride as the empirical backdrop, I argue that oral history methodology is uniquely well placed to capture both the emotionality and spatiality of historical narratives. Whilst previous reviews across geography and oral history theory have considered important emotional markers such as tone of voice, the expression of feeling and body language, I intervene by focusing on different narrative strategies employed throughout the interview and argue that the geographical remit of an interviewee's memories is inseparable from their emotional brevity. The focus of the paper is therefore threefold. Firstly, I consider the subjective temporalities and spatialities that oral history narrators employ when seeking composure, considering how they might "re‐place" their narratives (and thus themselves) in the interview setting. Secondly, I argue that how interviewees might "re‐place" themselves is inextricable, and as such so is any emotional reading of the interview, from the inter‐subjective relationship produced by such an encounter. Finally, I explore the implications of this methodology for carefully elaborating on the intersection between the intimate geographies of the home, and geographies of violence. How the interviewees witnessed domestic abuse among their families was moulded by the context of their relocation. Moreover, the inter‐subjective relationship, an analysis of which I argue is crucial to the findings of the paper, was also distinctly moulded by that same family context – as I was conducting these interviews with members of my own family. This paper establishes the merits of using oral history methodology to explore the emotionality and spatiality of historical‐geographical narratives. Using the new town of East Kilbride in the 1970s as a case study, I set out an emerging research agenda for the interaction between oral history theory and emotional historical geographies ‐ which in turn reveals new avenues for exploring the intimate geographies of domestic abuse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents summaries of various papers related to dermatology. One paper aims to compare the prevalence of naevi in schoolchildren in Australia and Scotland and examine the relationship between naevus prevalence and sun exposure. Schoolchildren, aged 13-15 years, from 5 schools in Glasgow, Scotland, and 2 schools in Brisbane, California, were enrolled in the study. Another paper focuses on community/hospital action on scabies management. This paper analyzes the case histories of children referred in a two year period to try to identify new approaches for better management of this condition.

This paper locates trade union banners and those of other campaigns and left organisations as part of the ongoing work and labour of producing democratic political cultures. It argues that engaging with the ways in which they were used, shaped, produced and re‐worked can shed important light on often neglected spatial practices and forms of agency of democratic politics. We contend that engaging with the geographical imaginaries and practices shaped by trade union engagements with democracy offers important and original perspectives on different articulations of spatial relations, labour, and democratic politics. The paper engages with Clive Barnett's influential work on the geographies of democracy and outlines an alternative position based on engaging with the generative character of political activity. The empirical part of the paper offers three cuts through different articulations of labour and democratic politics. The paper engages with the Banners of Glasgow Shipwrights to explore aspects of trade union politics and struggles for democratic reform. We discuss the relations between the STUC Black Workers' Committee and generative spaces of organising and the relations between banners and the peace movement to engage forms of antagonist democratic cultures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is concerned with both the affective and material dimensions of encounters among people, and between people and the city, during the COP26 summit in Glasgow, focusing on protest activities that aimed to engage the broader public. The discussion draws from my participation in, and observations of, two protests, the Youth Activist Climate March and the Climate Activist March, and observations of changes in public open spaces in Glasgow for COP26. Fieldwork street photography was instrumental in this study for discovering diverse encounters that were sometimes too transient to register through observations alone. It was deployed as a heuristic method, drawing from personal 'in the moment' experiences of the protests, as well as theories of public space and urban morphology, with the aim to discover how changing interactions between bodies and material spaces temporarily reconfigured Glasgow's public realm. By making material/social relationships more transparent, this paper aims to address shortcomings in protest literature through addressing the material specificity of urban space. I argue that the diversity of Glasgow's urban spaces enabled varied engagement with protest activities, among protesters, and between protesters and onlookers, and as a result created an overall inclusive, affective experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper represents a short ethnographic encounter with the site of the COP26 Climate Conference in Glasgow in 2021. It communicates an experiential picturing of the site as it was assembled and disassembled, as this was recorded in notes, conversations, via phone footage and in a short talk afterwards with human geography colleagues at the University of Glasgow. The paper seeks to make sense of this short experiential encounter by drawing from scholarship on ethnography, security and events of emergency assemblage. The paper concludes by reflection on the ordinary purpose of walking sites of climate security and emergency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to examine the provision of education and training programmes for young people in Scotland for work and lifelong learning within the context of the skills ecosystem approach adopted by the Scottish Government. Design/methodology/approach: The research drew upon findings from a large EU-funded multi-country project which ran from 2016 to 2019 that comprised experiences and perspectives with young people who were affected by these programmes as well as the managers and practitioners tasked with delivering them. The work was conducted in Aberdeenshire and Glasgow and included in-depth interviews with young people and programme managers and practitioners. Findings: The research showed that there is a gap between the rhetoric of the intentions of the policies and how those involved at ground level experience the programmes enacted under policies which draw on a skill ecosystem approach. Whilst there was public funding for training, it was not clear from the enactment of the relevant policies where employers' responsibilities lie. Locating the findings in the skills ecosystem model highlights the weak engagement of employers in their pivotal role in the education and training system and the resulting increased precarity of the young people's futures. Research limitations/implications: The paper sheds light on the shape of education and training provision in Scotland, the range of participants engaged in the provision and the commitment of providers in comparison to policy language and intentions. Originality/value: Through the skill ecosystem approach, this paper draws together policy narratives and the experiences of young people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Islamophobia, as a form of cultural racism, can take different forms in different contexts. Previous research suggested that there is a perception among some Muslims that anti-Muslim racism is higher in areas where there is a high density of Muslim residents such as Glasgow. In contrast, some others suggest that ethnic minority people are at greater risk of racism in less racially diverse areas because of less community support and less police protection. This paper draws on a research which involved 10 semi-structured interviews with Muslims in different Scottish towns and small cities. The data is collected from marginal contexts that are typically overlooked or neglected in mainstream studies. To discuss the importance of the low or high density of Muslim communities, and any other possible factor, in the experience of Islamophobia the result of this research is compared to the experiences of 33 Muslim participants in Scottish major cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research examining migrant homemaking is multi-disciplinary and well-developed, providing evidence that 'home' exists in multiple places. However, only a small component of this work examines the role of the senses. This paper draws on research conducted between 2015 and 2019 in Glasgow, a city in Scotland, UK, with migrant, refugee and asylum-seeking women that used photo elicitation interviews, to bridge the gap between scholarship on migrant homemaking and the senses. The paper empirically demonstrates how the senses allow migrants to cultivate the embodied experience of physically being elsewhere by drawing on sensory memories, practices, and material cultures, specifically engaging taste and smell. The paper analyses the experience of four participants who described this sensation, and addresses the impact of the security of migrant status and financial resources in sensory homemaking. The concluding discussion proposes the concept of 'sensory space-time compression' as a novel way of understanding the sensory experiences of home in the context of migration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many sector-level cooperative initiatives involving both national governments and non-state actors were launched around the 2021 Glasgow climate conference (COP26). However, there have been questions about whether and to what extent these initiatives could substantially contribute to achieving the Paris Agreement's goal to limit global warming to 1.5 °C. To this end, this paper examines the prospects of the 14 Glasgow sector initiatives by investigating their aggregate mitigation ambition under current national signatories and the institutional robustness of each initiative. We find that the additional emission reduction ambition of the current national government signatories would, even if fully implemented, only fill about a quarter of the emissions gap in 2030 between the aggregate of existing national targets (nationally determined contributions: NDCs) and the required emission levels consistent with keeping warming below 1.5 °C, while the institutional robustness varied considerably across the initiatives. We also find that most national government signatories did not mention Glasgow initiatives in their updated NDCs submitted after COP26. Expansion of the national government participation, national government signatories' incorporation of the initiatives' goals into their updated NDCs by setting quantifiable domestic targets, and enhanced institutional capacity are key to successful emission reduction outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Co-production is now an established part of public service delivery. Despite its popularity, there is only a limited understanding about how co-production works in practice, particularly with marginalised groups. This paper identifies and explores insights from three case studies of a successful co-productive approach in Glasgow, Scotland. Operation Modulus is a criminal justice initiative involving public and third sector partners in the co-production of services with marginalised young people to reduce their involvement in crime and antisocial behaviour. The data highlighted the importance of leadership, the role of public service professionals and the process of working with marginalised young people; these are explored, all within the context of the authorising environment created at the level of a collaborative governance body. The findings underscore, first, the importance of distributed leadership and process in developing trust amongst partners and in turn in the relationships of partners with young people. Second, the essential role of effective co-management amongst service providers in creating the requisite conditions for meaningful co-production with marginalised citizens. Third, the potential for and importance of shared management to facilitate changes in professional relationships and ways of working, even if these do not lead to organisational systems change. Fourth, the significance of public service professionals having the authority and agency to explore collaborative ways of working. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper concerns the practice of Glasgow-based painter Louise Hopkins. Most known for her detailed, laboured repainting of furnishing fabrics, Hopkins appropriates found images and everyday mass-produced fabrics into her work. Founded on the interstices between semiotics and formalism, her aim is the turning of found images into painting. Unravelling this particular aspect of her practice will form the central concern of this paper. Based on ethnographic research with the artist, this paper will explore the artist's commitment to the discipline of painting through the lens of an anthropological analysis and specifically, how her work evokes modernist concerns with aesthetics and formalism long since thought dead. In what follows I will address how artists are currently engaged with aesthetic concerns, ensuring its continual transformation and revival and how, like the medium of painting itself, its prophesied death has never really materialised. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An emerging theme within the mega-events literature is the ways they affect the provision, regulation and design of urban public spaces. Parks, streets and squares host competition venues, and are also used for supplementary occasions and facilities associated with hosting mega-events. Using examples from the London 2012 Olympic Games and Glasgow 2014 Commonwealth Games, this paper examines the long-term significance of mega-events for urban public spaces. The paper contends that these events can be used as 'Trojan Horses', allowing new systems to be introduced under the cover of an event. It also emphasizes how temporary mega-events transform public spaces into venues for subsequent commercial events. Finally, the paper acknowledges more positive legacies, showing how mega-events can change how public space is imagined by users and by those responsible for managing it. Both cases highlight how events influence the ways spaces are used, designed and managed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eco-conferences like COP26 in Glasgow (UK) in 2021 have brought the debate on energy consumption and climate change to the fore. Given that a third of the energy produced worldwide is consumed in the home, it is pertinent to investigate how households use emerging technologies that allow households to monitor their energy consumption. This paper investigates how Danish households use green IT to monitor and manage their energy use and studies the related meaning householders attach to the green IT. We present qualitative data collected through interviews with 14 households, electric car owners mostly, who have adopted an application to monitor green energy availability – and its derived consumption. The paper highlights these householders' green energy monitoring practices with an emphasis on the meaning they make of the green IT application they used. Our study found that households can use more green energy without interacting continuously with the green IT application. This contrasts with a common assumption in the field of green IT design that consumers must continuously engage with the green IT to consume more green energy. We also posit that including householders in future green IT design is paramount for designing successful green IT applications. Finally, this paper calls for household energy consumption studies to view energy consumption as a service where specific practices are matched to energy sources – rather than viewing energy availability as a solitary incident. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A particular challenge for Scottish housing is the sustainability of its older tenemental housing stock. Nearly 200,000 such properties exist in the main cities and towns of Scotland. Many of these properties are in poor repair, which makes it particularly hard to retrofit in order to meet carbon reduction targets that seek to tackle climate change. Through examination of a specific case study, this paper reviews policy options for funding and delivering such retrofitting in the context of specific initiatives already underway in Glasgow. The paper considers technical but primarily also the financial, economic and policy choices and trade-offs facing older tenement retrofit. The carbon reduction challenge has, additionally, to be understood alongside the wider tenemental conservation argument and the underlying long-term problems relating to conditions and multiple ownership of the tenement stock. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper uses the concept of intersectionality to think about the ways people negotiate diversity on a daily basis in Glasgow, Scotland. The paper draws on ethnographic fieldwork, in‐depth interviews and focus groups carried out in semi‐formal spaces such as public libraries, community‐centres and local cafes. Discussing the ways in which people speak about their experiences of encountering others across ethnicity, age, gender, religion, and class, the paper examines situations where different positionalities interconnect to produce mundane and fleeting moments of relation. Despite tensions, misunderstandings and moments of uneasiness, the paper finds that connections and relations are built. Set in the political context of contemporary Scotland, the paper argues that being together in diversity can be a decisive act that marks the everyday as political. It contends that an openness to and through these intersectional relations can counteract notions of crisis and emergency normatively constructed around issues of immigration and multiculturalism in Scotland. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Annual Scientific Meeting of the Association of Surgeons of Great Britain and Ireland takes place this year at the Scottish Exhibition and Conference Centre, Glasgow, UK (13th-15th May 2009), under the presidency of Professor Michael Horrocks. To view the abstracts from this meeting, please click the pdf link on this page. Copyright © 2009 British Journal of Surgery Society Ltd. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Annual Scientific Meeting of the Association of Surgeons of Great Britain and Ireland takes place this year at the Scottish Exhibition and Conference Centre, Glasgow, UK (13th-15th May 2009), under the presidency of Professor Michael Horrocks. To view the abstracts from this meeting, please click the pdf link on this page. Copyright © 2009 British Journal of Surgery Society Ltd. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focuses on research publications from the department of general practice at Glasgow University in Scotland. Importance of publications in learning; Use of proper key words for computer reference systems; Tips to help contributors of medical journals.

This paper foregrounds the centrality of reproductive politics in constituting the spaces of migrant activism. Addressing social reproductive issues as racial issues, it exposes how "premature death" and questions of survival shape migrants' lives throughout the uneven geographies of racial capitalism. Drawing on the political experiences of the "No Evictions Network"—a migrant and activist‐led group campaigning for asylum seekers' rights in Glasgow (Scotland)—the paper suggests the concept of "political reproduction", grasping the interchange between care, trust, empowerment, political subjectivation, and the overcoming of barriers towards political action that take place within spaces of migrant activism. Building upon migrant voices and Black and Brown histories of organising, the paper explores the racialised, gendered, and classed character of reproductive activist labour in these spaces, evidencing the ways the notion of "political reproduction" breaks racialised and gendered constructions of political work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate change will mean cities are exposed to more frequent short‐term shocks such as floods. City‐scale resilience is achieved by understanding how these shocks interact with longer‐term stressors (e.g., social inequality). The Urban Systems Abstraction Hierarchy (USAH) has been developed for this purpose. In this paper, Glasgow (UK) is used as a case study application, to demonstrate how resilience theory can be operationalized through the application of the USAH. Results demonstrate how the USAH can quantify interdependencies between tangible physical entities in the city and intangible outcomes that monitor city stressors, and specifically how these outcomes change in response to a 1:200‐year fluvial flood return period in Glasgow. Resilience concepts such as multifunctionality, redundancy and diversity are applied to interpret the results and their implications for longer‐term resilience in Glasgow. The findings from the application of the USAH show that the outcome Social equality and equity is influential for longer‐term resilience in Glasgow, whilst Reliable communications and mobility is an important outcome for flood resilience. Plain Language Summary: Flood hazards are projected to increase under climate change. Understanding how flood exposure interacts with the urban environment is important for longer‐term resilience planning. A resilience tool called the Urban Systems Abstraction Hierarchy models how city resources (such as train stations, parks, hospitals) enable processes which aggregate over different scales to enable resilient outcomes (such as social equality). In this paper, the tool is applied to Glasgow (UK) and modified for a flood hazard. Interaction analysis reveals which urban processes, tasks and outcomes are impacted by a flood through the application of resilience concepts. Applying the tool to a case study provides a fresh perspective on how cities might respond to hazards, and enables an interdisciplinary framework for resilience planning. Key Points: A resilience tool is applied to capture functional interdependencies between system components in Glasgow across scalesResults show how these interdependencies change as a result of flood exposure, impacting longer‐term resilient outcomesA new perspective is provided for applying resilience theory in flood management [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information about several papers discussed during the 7th Palliative Care Congress in Glasgow, Scotland on April 29-May 1, 2008 is presented. Topics include the big lottery fund palliative care initiative, widening access to people with conditions other than cancer, specialist palliative care for HIV in the HAART era, a qualitative study of HIV and palliative medicine physicians and the use of sedative drugs at the end of life in UK hospice.

Reports that the International Association of Human-Animal Interaction Organizations is inviting individuals to submit abstracts for presentation during its 10th forum. Forum entitled "People and Animals: A Timeless Relationship"; October 6-9, 2004 in Glasgow, Scotland; Abstract to be evaluated for originality of ideas and methods, as well as concise presentation of hypotheses, methods, and results.

Focuses on the six papers presented during the International Geographical Union's Spatial Modelling sessions at a conference in Glasgow, Scotland in August 2004 and was published in the 2005 issue of the "Journal of Geographical Systems."

The aim of the study was to explore the potential of a timed word association task to generate detailed insights into the perception of Glasgow city and its people which could inform destination and brand marketing. Destination marketers have a challenge to convey the tourist destination image to attract and satisfy the expectations of its visitors. Yet destination perceptions are often the result of multiple tourist visitor experiences at a location, neglecting the voice of the resident. The extent to which word associations varied by participants' relationship to Glasgow was identified in terms of Aaker's brand personality scale, an extension of personality research on brands and destinations. Surveying of 1,219 UK participants generated a total of 5,993 terms (city; 1,144 unique) and 5,034 terms (people; 944 unique). The value of capturing the perceptions of a destination by its residents is identified. The results showed that the city of Glasgow was often described as cold and busy, while the people were primarily described as friendly and funny. Evidence was found in support of dual-processing theory suggesting word associations based on lived experiences of a city may be generated later (in terms of the order in which the terms were generated) in a word association task, while common linguistic associations (e.g. synonyms, antonyms, hierarchies etc.) tend to be generated earlier in the task. As hypothesised, analyses revealed a significant relationship between several of the Aaker-dimensions of brand personality, and the consumers' relationship to Glasgow, extending marketing research with an empirical approach to identifying differences in the perceived personality of a destination. The study offers a practical, fast, and replicable method for destination marketers to study consumer perception at scale, which is currently not widely utilised in this field. In particular, the use of semantic distance and word embeddings provides a readily available approach to automatically categorise content derived from word associations studies, or indeed, any text-based content. In contrast, financial investment in non-validated branding and destination marketing campaigns appear to be increasingly problematic. Advances were made in testing an approach to interpreting word associations through the lens of linguistic and situated simulation (LASS) theory to provide deeper analysis to both categorise and interpret consumers' perception. Traditional approaches to tourism marketing and destination branding rarely provide such a level of analytical appraisal. The analysis presented in this paper challenges the orthodoxy and validity of investment in brand and destination marketing at a city level and the potential for word association tasks to be used as a valuable alternative method to create more effective destination marketing and branding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present deterministic algorithms for maintaining a (3 / 2 + ϵ) and (2 + ϵ) -approximate maximum matching in a fully dynamic graph with worst-case update times O ^ (n) and O ~ (1) respectively. The fastest known deterministic worst-case update time algorithms for achieving approximation ratio (2 - δ) (for any δ > 0 ) and (2 + ϵ) were both shown by Roghani et al. (Beating the folklore algorithm for dynamic matching, 2021) with update times O (n 3 / 4) and O ϵ (n) respectively. We close the gap between worst-case and amortized algorithms for the two approximation ratios as the best deterministic amortized update times for the problem are O ϵ (n) and O ~ (1) which were shown in Bernstein and Stein (in: Proceedings of the twenty-seventh annual ACM-SIAM symposium on discrete algorithms, 2016) and Bhattacharya and Kiss (in: 48th international colloquium on automata, languages, and programming, ICALP 2021, 12–16 July, Glasgow, 2021) respectively. The algorithm achieving (3 / 2 + ϵ) approximation builds on the EDCS concept introduced by the influential paper of Bernstein and Stein (in: International colloquium on automata, languages, and programming, Springer, Berlin, 2015). Say that H is a (α , δ) -approximate matching sparsifier if at all times H satisfies that μ (H) · α + δ · n ≥ μ (G) (define (α , δ) -approximation similarly for matchings). We show how to maintain a locally damaged version of the EDCS which is a (3 / 2 + ϵ , δ) -approximate matching sparsifier. We further show how to reduce the maintenance of an α -approximate maximum matching to the maintenance of an (α , δ) -approximate maximum matching building based on an observation of Assadi et al. (in: Proceedings of the twenty-seventh annual (ACM-SIAM) symposium on discrete algorithms, (SODA) 2016, Arlington, VA, USA, January 10–12, 2016). Our reduction requires an update time blow-up of O ^ (1) or O ~ (1) and is deterministic or randomized against an adaptive adversary respectively. To achieve (2 + ϵ) -approximation we improve on the update time guarantee of an algorithm of Bhattacharya and Kiss (in: 48th International colloquium on automata, languages, and programming, ICALP 2021, 12–16 July, Glasgow, 2021). In order to achieve both results we explicitly state a method implicitly used in Nanongkai and Saranurak (in: Proceedings of the twenty-seventh annual ACM symposium on theory of computing, 2017) and Bernstein et al. (Fully-dynamic graph sparsifiers against an adaptive adversary, 2020) which allows to transform dynamic algorithms capable of processing the input in batches to a dynamic algorithms with worst-case update time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cities play a central role in the circular economy (CE) as they are important centres of production and consumption, responsible for 80% of global GDP. European cities are particularly important due to their position of power in the global economy as major markets, and places of industrial and social innovation. Yet urban CE policies and discourses remain poorly researched and understood. This paper addresses this research gap by analysing and comparing the CE policies and discourses in different European cities to draw critical insights and recommendations. It does so by first reviewing academic literature on urban CE policies to develop a new conceptual framework to analyse CE discourses and policies. This framework is then used to analyse and compare the CE policies of three European cities: Glasgow, Amsterdam, and Copenhagen. Results show that technocentric approaches to CE are dominant in the three cities. Moreover, they have very limited social justice policies for a fair distribution of the costs and benefits of a CE transition. Key policy recommendations to address these shortcomings are thus proposed. The insights brought about by this paper are valuable for both practitioners and academics seeking to improve urban CE policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Urban Studies (Sage Publications, Ltd.) is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The European Union takes significant steps to support the development of the electric sector of the automotive market. This is confirmed by the signed declaration in Glasgow, which leads to a ban on the sale of cars with combustion engines from 2035. This document changes the car industry and makes it dependent on electricity production. The problem identified in this article is the actual impact of implemented solutions concerning the type of engine in cars offered for sale in Czechia, Germany, and Poland. Therefore, the aim of this scientific paper is car engines' multilevel comparative analysis. The aim of the article is accompanied by a research question: are electric vehicles less harmful to the natural environment? The paper compares cars of the same producer, class, and type with petrol, diesel, hybrid (petrol-electric), and electric engines in terms of the environmental impact. The research method is a comparative SUV analysis supported by the comparison of selected countries' conditions for electromobility development. The results of this study indicate that vehicles with electric engines emit the least amount of carbon dioxide and are the most environmentally friendly solution in the given comparison criteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

City leaders around the world are setting ambitious targets for emissions reductions. Yet the pathway to achieving this remains largely unspecified. Starting with this objective, the paper explores the merits of deploying a mission-oriented framework within the context of a 'wicked problem' by looking at a mid-sized city, Glasgow, which has a target for net zero by 2030. Focusing on themes drawn from one high-emitting sector – transport – the paper points to the real-world policy implications that stem from such a mission-oriented approach to suggest aspects of the approach that may be usefully developed further. The latter hinges on a-priori considerations given to: agency, boundaries and inter-temporality, leading to questions about the nature and scope of wickedness and argues that core issues of wickedness – uncertainty, contestation and complexity – can be amplified in local and multi-layered policy making contexts. Key policy insights Many cities are looking to reduce emissions including establishing net zero targets and a mission-oriented framework – 'concrete targets within a challenge that act as frames and stimuli for innovation' (Mazzucato and Dibb, 2019) – has been a popular framing vehicle. Such a framework reveals challenges inherent in such a 'wicked problem' at urban scales, which are interwoven with regional and national issues, institutions and influences. Exploring these for Glasgow, which hosted COP26, we highlight the policy 'problem' and 'solution' space for mid-sized cities more generally. We highlight three dimensions that reflect the nature of the urban decarbonization challenge: agency – the responsibilities of various actors in delivering change; boundaries – the interactions between actions to reduce emissions alongside wider policy ambitions such as a 'Just Transition' and 'green jobs'; and intertemporal issues – including how ambitions for rapid change might interact with the glacial progress of structural policy change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Scotland, experimental and non-commercial art and music practices have long shared physical space, with a great deal of crossover between who is making visual art and music, as well as fluidity between artists and their audiences. Whilst Scotland's—and in particular Glasgow's—DIY scene and its history has been well documented by writers such as Sarah Lowndes and Hans Ulrich Obrist offering art-historical perspective, there has been less focus on the ways in which connections are embodied through music and sometimes experimental writing and publishing practices in these communities. This paper contains two qualitative studies of projects that operate within both visual art and music contexts: The Rhubaba Choir, an experimental choir attached to Edinburgh artist-run organisation Rhubaba and The Grass is Green in the Fields for You a small-press publishing project focused on music culture, run by Matthew Walkerdine. Working with a definition of DIY as an ethic or methodology rather than a style of production, it explores the philosophical overlap between DIY art and music practices as well as their differences and the influence they have had and continue to have on each other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relationship between urban greenspaces and the benefits to psychological, social, and physical aspects of human wellbeing are important to study, particularly in rapidly urbanizing areas and underrepresented communities. This interaction was theorized, analyzed, and measured in this paper through the transactional paradigm and operationalized through the use of a volunteer geographic information questionnaire, SoftGIS, which activated the urban greenspace–human wellbeing interaction through its map-based data collection. Over 450 unique place-based relationships were statistically analyzed within the Greater Glasgow Urban Region of Paisley, Scotland, a vulnerable community. This study revealed that multiple components of human wellbeing are supported through interactions with urban greenspaces. The Paisley region's respondents visited greenspaces, generally, and most often to receive psychological benefits such as reduction of stress and mental relaxation through interactions which included sitting and relaxing in quiet spaces, enjoying natural surroundings, and viewing nature and wildlife. The physical and social wellbeing benefits were not as frequent in these urban greenspace interactions but were distinctly present. The results imply pathways towards management and multifunctional greenspace design responses in urbanizing regions and indicate strategies for public policy, human health, and urban planning, which deliver wellbeing benefits to communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Canaria de Estudios Ingleses is the property of Universidad de La Laguna and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Executive Committee of the European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, during its annual meeting in Glasgow, Scotland, in July 1990, decided to transform the Subcommittee on Skin Tests to the Subcommittee on AIlergen Standardization and Skin Tests. Furthermore, the business meeting of this Subcommittee decided to produce a revised version of the 1989 Position Paper on skin tests used in type 1 allergy skin testing and include in the new version a chapter on "Allergen standardization by in vito and in vivo methods," replacing the chapter on "Biologic standardization." The new chapter includes a general description of factors which affect the potency, and composition of allergen extracts and a second part focusing on standardization of allergenic extracts used for skin testing.

This paper opens a special issue (SI) commemorating the contributions of Ronan Paddison (1945–2019), founder and original Editor-in-Chief of Space and Polity. It outlines Paddison's academic accomplishments before introducing the pieces that follow. It narrates Paddison as scholar, teacher, theorist and critic based on reading a student geographical magazine, the Drumlin, 'published' annually 1955–2009. This medium allows glimpses of Paddison as a 'radical geographer' nourishing eclectic versions of political and urban geography. The paper raises signposts for many of the concerns, to do with Paddison's conceptualizing, practising and instructing about 'space and polity', covered by the SI as a whole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The spectre of Brexit has raised issues of concern for Roma communities living and working in Scotland and other parts of the UK. The effective ending of freedom of movement has produced new uncertainties and insecurities for people living outside their EU countries of origin, especially for those who are racialised and stigmatised by 'hostile environment' policies. Brexit is best understood as both a process and effect of everyday bordering as well as a continuation of historically embedded structural divisions. This paper looks at everyday Roma life in Glasgow, via the work of the NGO Romano Lav (Roma Voice), to assess how Brexit is impacting on people's lives. Further, the paper examines how Scotland can best move forward in terms of independence and the European project. It is argued that a second independence referendum that gives full political independence to Scotland is the only way to secure future EU membership and freedom of movement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Following the first Glasgow gathering in June 1999, further bande dessinée conferences saw the creation of IBDS (2001), plans for a new journal (2005, with European Comic Art first appearing in 2008) and a shared gathering with the Graphic Novels and Comics Conference (2011 onwards). The initial part of this overview will be an unashamed nostalgia-fest as we look back on IBDS events from 1999 to 2019. As befits a good comic, the fun will nonetheless lead to more serious considerations. The evolution of IBDS stands as a marker of the evolution of comics studies, both in terms of the variety of works studied and approaches taken, and with respect to the acceptance of the discipline (if it is such). More generally, a retrospective on the last twenty years allows us to question the very nature of the canon - literary or otherwise - as it now stands, and to look forward speculatively to the developments of future decades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper critically examines the processes of categorisation of Roma migrants in Glasgow, contributing to debates on the (unsuccessful) attempts of the EU and individual European states to tackle the social exclusion of various Roma populations living in Europe. Hitherto little attention has been paid to how measures aimed at improving the lives of Roma actually 'work' in practice, especially in the context of more recent Roma migration within Europe. Moreover, the role that ethnicity plays 'on the ground' has often been overlooked or taken for granted in the relevant literature. Based on 12 months of ethnographic fieldwork with Czech- and Slovak-speaking migrants, including Roma, in Glasgow in 2012, this paper aims to address this gap in the literature. Adopting a boundary-making perspective on ethnicity to analyse interactions in institutionalised settings, it traces and discusses various practices through which 'the Roma' were constructed as 'a risk population' in the city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Climate Change Conference (COP26) in Glasgow, Scotland affirms the climate emergency findings of the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The summit pursues the commitment to reduce carbon emissions to keep the earth’s rise in temperature to 1.5 degrees Celsius. COP 26 recognizes the impact of the climate crisis on human well-being. Environmental disasters are a result of policy failures at the national level of governance. Global warming aggravates environmental degradation. The Covid-19 pandemic has truncated the economic growth in many countries. Human impoverishment accentuates the pressure on the environment. This paper analyses the problem when it comes to deficient state-centric decisionmaking procedures that preclude participatory mechanisms. It will be argued that to correct the system, policy gaps must be addressed in terms of technological and organizational support, communal leadership, and solidarity at different levels of governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ethnic boundaries and friendship are intricately related in Malaysia. Many concerns have arisen about this issue, especially when it could indicate inter-ethnic acceptance, tolerance, and understanding. The objective of this paper is to discuss the importance of ethnic boundaries in Malaysian youth friendships. The data were drawn from ethnographic fieldwork conducted through in-depth interviews with Malaysian students in two universities located inside and outside Malaysia’s geographical territory. A comparative study was selected due to the possibility that variations might exist across Malaysia’s boundary. Through a comparative analysis in Penang in Malaysia and Glasgow in Scotland, this article demonstrates how, when, and why ethnicity becomes essential within Malaysian friendships. The findings demonstrate that the respondents’ friendships worked within cultural boundaries—religion and language—but at different levels depending on the location of the interview. It can be inferred that ethnicity and its boundaries within the friendship are not fixed but are socially constructed, maintained, and heightened depending on social actors’ particular needs, situations, and socio-political context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article seeks to examine Scottish politics in the decade or so following the Second World War. The objective is to uncover the texture of Scottish politics in a period that has been characterised rather simplistically. Much of the evidence for the paper is drawn from the Scottish popular press, most notably newspapers such as the Bulletin, which was a Glasgow publication with a unionist outlook, motivated by a concern to keep Scottish issues to the fore and to resist centralisation. The article will examine the way in which interpretations of this period in Scottish politics, as being one dominated by a unionism that was common to the main parties, serve to flatten what was an interesting and contested landscape. There is a considerable literature on this period in British historiography that engages in a debate about the value of the idea of 'consensus' in British politics. The apparent consensus over the Union hid a range of important debates about the way in which the Union ought to operate that were of such an extent as to bring the idea of a unionist consensus into question. Given that the Scottish National Party was such a marginal force in Scottish politics in this period, it seems more sensible to focus on the debates about the meaning of the Union rather than to adopt an existential focus that was simply not present in day-to-day political debate in the decade following the Second World War. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Queer safe space is commonly understood simply as space that is safe for queer people. In this paper we seek to develop a more nuanced conceptualisation of queer safe space attuned to how the process of creating space as simultaneously queer space and safe space can mean making compromises with both safety and queerness. Our research uses a case study of 'Free Pride' a grassroots LGBT Pride group in Glasgow, Scotland that sought to create a radical and inclusive event space, particularly for transgender people, but attracted controversy when it banned drag performers from the event, before reversing this decision. Drawing on in-depth, semi-structured interviews with the organizers of Free Pride, alongside online statements collected from those involved in the controversy, we show how the contradictions and complexities that arose from the group's decision and its reversal highlights the contested political underpinnings of contemporary Pride events and the potentially fraught relations that can exist between certain identities within LGBT communities. Ultimately, Free Pride's decision-making raised questions over how queer people relate to one another at Pride events, the inclusiveness of drag for trans identities, and the importance of seeing and being with one another in Pride spaces. We argue that although the process of queer space-making involved these complex and contradictory negotiations between safety and queerness, Free Pride ultimately created a queer safe space focused on queer collectivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alcohol-associated hepatitis has a poor prognosis in terms of short-term mortality and often presents with symptoms, such as jaundice, acute renal failure, and ascites. There are many prognostic models that have been developed to predict short-term and long-term mortality in these patients. Current prognostic models can be divided into static scores, which are measured at admission, and dynamic models, which measure baseline and after a certain amount of time. The efficacy of these models in predicting short-term mortality is disputed. Numerous studies across the world have compared prognostic models, such as the Maddrey's discriminant function, the model for end-stage liver disease score, model for end-stage liver disease score-Na, Glasgow alcohol-associated hepatitis score, and the age-bilirubin-international normalized ratio-creatinine (ABIC) score, to each other to determine which score is more useful for a particular context. There are also prognostic markers such as liver biopsy, breath biomarkers, and acute kidney injury that are able to predict mortality. The accuracy of these scores is a key to determining when treatment with corticosteroids is futile since there is an increased risk of infection in those treated with it. Furthermore, although these scores are helpful in predicting short-term mortality, the only factor that is able to predict long-term mortality in patients with alcohol-related liver disease is abstinence. Numerous studies have proven that even though corticosteroids provide a treatment for alcohol-associated hepatitis, it is a temporary one, at best. The purpose of this paper is to compare the historical models to current ones in their ability to predict mortality in patients with alcohol-related liver disease by analyzing multiple studies that have examined these prognostic markers. This paper also isolates the knowledge gaps in the ability to delineate which patients would benefit from corticosteroids and patients who would not and provides potential models for the future that could narrow this gap. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Urban Studies (Sage Publications, Ltd.) is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose — The purpose of this paper is to chart the development and growth of open access and institutional repositories at the University of Glasgow, Scotland from initial work in 2001 to the University's recently launched service, Enlighten. The University of Glasgow is a signatory to the Scottish Open Access Declaration and recently released a statement on Open Access. Design/methodology/approach — The study will focus on the key lessons learned through a twin track approach of advocacy and service development during the DAEDALUS Project (2002-2005) and the transition of that work to a University service called Enlighten. This service includes a repository for published and peer-reviewed papers which has now had over 2 million hits and over 270,000 PDF downloads since it was established in February 2004. Findings — The paper reveals the lessons learned by the Library and the project team. It also identifies the range of issues which must be addressed in the successful implementation of a repository and its transition to a production service. These include the development of content policies, copyright clearance and the cultural change necessary to populate a repository service. These challenges have and continue to be addressed by the repository team at the University of Glasgow. Originality/value — This paper provides details of the lessons learned in the practical experience of setting up an institutional repository and ensuring its transition to a full and supported University service. It will be of particular interest to institutions implementing a repository or running a pilot service. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]