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The following fourth and fifth chapters are devoted to paper-based electrochemical devices, including interesting and new points of view such as the role of paper in electroanalytical devices with special emphasis on its use as reactor as well as on the employ of different electrochemical techniques (amperometric, voltammetric, impedimetric or potentiometric), on the development of lateral and vertical flow paper-based microfluidic devices or on the detection in liquid and gas phases. The first chapter explores paper as a substrate for electrochemical micro-devices, being this principle of detection the most promising in the (bio)sensor field. The following three chapters (nineth, tenth and eleventh) are more specific, related to nanopaper-based (optical and electrical) sensors, nanoparticle-based lateral flow assays, and flexible cellulose-based devices for monitoring physical parameters. [Extracted from the article]

This document is a preface to a themed section in the journal Hydrobiologia, dedicated to honoring the legacy of Dr. Brij Gopal. Dr. Gopal was a respected scientist and member of the Hydrobiologia Advisory Board, known for his work in river, lake, and wetland ecology. He made significant contributions to understanding biodiversity, ecosystem functioning, water quality, and natural resources conservation. Dr. Gopal also mentored numerous students and received several national and international awards for his work. The papers featured in this themed section explore the ecological aspects of the ecosystems that Dr. Gopal studied, including wetlands, streams, mangroves, and reservoirs around the world. [Extracted from the article]

Microfluidics has also influenced other fields recently, especially diagnostics in low-resource environments, which the book covers with two chapters on paper microfluidics. However, the book should not be understood as a basic introduction in the physical phenomena at the microscale or fabrication aspects of microfluidic devices, but rather summarizes the capabilities in the particular fields of biology and medicine. Readership recommendation This book should be recommended for any scientist or medical practitioner, seeking to get a glimpse of the recent capabilities demonstrated with microfluidics in biology and medicine. [Extracted from the article]