26 results
Search Results
2. Control variable selection in applied quantitative sociology: a critical review.
- Author
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Kohler, Ulrich, Class, Fabian, and Sawert, Tim
- Subjects
QUANTITATIVE research ,SOCIOLOGY ,COEFFICIENTS (Statistics) ,ACYCLIC model ,MATHEMATICAL variables - Abstract
A review of all research papers published in the European Sociological Review in 2016 and 2017 (N = 118) shows that only a minority of papers clearly define the parameter of interest and provide sufficient reasoning for the selected control variables of the statistical analysis. Thus, the vast majority of papers does not reach minimal standards for the selection of control variables. Consequently, a majority of papers interpret biased coefficients, or statistics without proper sociological meaning. We postulate that authors and reviewers should be more careful about control variable selection. We propose graphical causal models in the form of directed acyclic graphs as an example for a parsimonious and powerful means to that end. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. 'People are Trapped in History and History is Trapped Inside Them': Exploring Britain's Racialized Colonial Legacies in Criminological Research.
- Author
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Parmar, Alpa, Earle, Rod, and Phillips, Coretta
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CRIMINOLOGICAL research ,RACISM ,RACIAL identity of white people ,SOCIOLOGY ,COLONIES - Abstract
In this paper, we advocate identifying the colonizing logics of race in criminological analysis, in recognition of their enduring postcolonial presence in societies like the United Kingdom. Our argument unfolds through the life stories narrated by three men entangled by colonial remnants of power(lessness), subservience, and criminalization. For Cairo (black) and Rafan (Asian), their subalternity is exposed through their vulnerability to racialized stereotypes which have a foundation in colonial histories. Both young minority ethnic men are also situated in a transnational, glocalized frame in which their racialized and gendered identities prescribed the nature of their belonging to a British nation-state irrevocably connected to the Empire. Our reflections on a third narrative interview of Barry reveal the dividends of whiteness, simultaneously occluded, disavowed, and yet wilfully upheld, but in a competitive and exclusive form of belonging. In the articulation and analysis of these stories of crime and order, we mine styles of reasoning from postcolonial theory, sociology, history, and philosophy to embolden a postcolonial criminology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Conceptual foundations of a gender equality index.
- Author
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Crammond, Bradley R, Maheen, Humaira, and King, Tania
- Subjects
LEISURE ,SOCIAL theory ,SOCIAL norms ,DISCRIMINATION (Sociology) ,RACE ,CONCEPTUAL structures ,FEMINIST criticism ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,INTERSECTIONALITY ,HEALTH equity ,GENDER inequality - Abstract
Gender equality indexes (GEIs) have become a popular tool for the quantification of unequal resource distribution between males and females. Creating such an index implies an understanding of what gender inequality is, though this question has remained the province of theoretical feminism with little explicit treatment in the methodologically focussed literature. This paper presents an empirically minded, theoretical account of gender inequality, which can be used broadly to inform the development of GEIs. The account proceeds in three steps. First, we argue for a broad understanding of the types of resources that structure gender inequality. Drawing on the work of Bourdieu, we highlight the importance of including symbolic capitals (and indeed viewing gender itself as a symbolic capital). By considering gender as a symbolic capital, we are drawn to the ways that normative maleness hides some types of gender inequality. Thus, caregiving norms and leisure time inequality are brought to the foreground. Finally, in recognizing that there is no single unifying female experience, we describe the ways that gender inequality intersect with other forms of disadvantage, motivating the incorporation of (particularly) race into the index. The result is a comprehensive—and theoretically defensible—set of indicators for the measurement of gender inequality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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5. Experiences of Old Age in Indian Fiction: A Study of Two Indian Short Stories.
- Author
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Kumar, Saurav
- Subjects
SOCIOLOGY ,SPIRITUALITY ,EXPERIENCE ,DEMENTIA ,AGING ,LONELINESS ,LITERATURE ,STORYTELLING ,RELIGION - Abstract
In India, where around 19,500 dialects are spoken, there is a great abundance of fiction quite rich in varied descriptions of old age and aging. While scholars like Pramod K. Nayar and Ira Raja have recently begun studying Indian literary texts written in English from the perspective of literary gerontology, those literary experiences of aging (which are originally in languages like Bengali, Tamil, Hindi, Oriya, etc.) are yet to be analyzed from a gerontological point of view. The present paper aims at studying the experiences of old age in 2 Indian short stories (one from Bengali Literature and another from Tamil Literature)—Bibhutibhusan Bandyopadhyay's "Drabomoyee Goes to Kashi" ("Drabomoyeer Kashibash" in Bengali) and T. Janakiraman's "The Puppet" ("Vilayattu Bommai" in Tamil). Regarding "Drabomoyee Goes to Kashi," the paper interrogates the problems in the emplacement of Hindu older widows to Kashi and explores the possibilities in Drabomoyee from ecofeminist and creatural perspectives. The discussions on "The Puppet" chiefly reflect on the social exclusion of the aging bodies of people living with dementia. Through the story of Venu, the paper shows that what the society or family generally expects from the older persons suffering from dementia may not do any good to them, and may instead lead to their institutionalization and other forms of exclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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6. Countering Corporate Power Through Social Control: What Does a Social Licence Offer?
- Author
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Haines, Fiona, Bice, Sara, Einfeld, Colette, and Sullivan, Helen
- Subjects
SOCIAL control ,SOCIAL license to operate ,BUSINESS enterprises ,SOCIAL conflict ,SOCIOLOGY - Abstract
This paper interrogates the capacity for social control to act as a complement and alternative to the law in controlling corporate harm. Social control can manifest as demands that businesses obtain a social, not just a legal, licence to operate which can provide an avenue for communities to reject or shape company operations. Drawing on parallels with the ambiguities that hinder the criminalization of business conduct, this paper shows how the social licence can also be used to silence critical voices or justify harmful practices. This ambiguity hinges on struggles around what is or is not socially desirable, which can engender significant conflict. Whilst this conflict might be inevitable, even productive in reducing corporate harm, it can leave a debilitating social legacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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7. Forty Years of Reflection, Sixty Years of Solitude: Promising Early Pedagogical Initiatives in Social Forces that were Unsustainable.
- Author
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Touma, Fatima and Aldrich, Howard E
- Subjects
TEACHING ,SOCIAL sciences ,STUDENTS ,STUDENT engagement ,SOCIOLOGY - Published
- 2023
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8. Pragmatism, partnerships, and persuasion: theorizing philanthropic foundations in the global policy agora.
- Author
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Petzinger, Janis, Jung, Tobias, and Orr, Kevin
- Subjects
PLAZAS ,PERSUASION (Psychology) ,PRAGMATISM ,SCHOLARLY method ,SOCIOLOGY - Abstract
Foundations are one of the oldest organizational forms globally; their number and resources, as well as their socio-political and economic importance, have steadily continued to grow. Yet, foundations' attributes, activities, and actual achievements remain underexplored and poorly understood. This is particularly noticeable in the context of global policy and transnational administration, an area where foundations tend to be subliminal players, acting as a widely unrecognized socio-political undercurrent. Addressing the resulting need for better and alternative conceptualizations of foundations, our paper uses French pragmatic sociology of critique (FPSC), a non-structuralist, post-Bourdesian, approach to sociology, to theorize philanthropic foundations within the policy agora. Through FPSC, we present foundations as a composite setup of activity, where critically reflexive actors bring normative ideologies and knowledge to policy, providing a new avenue for how scholarship can interpret and critique foundations and their influence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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9. Deaf Identity, Social Relationships, and Social Support: Toward a Microsociological Perspective.
- Author
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Chapman, Madeleine, Dammeyer, Jesper, Jepsen, Kim Sune Karrasch, and Liebst, Lasse Suonperä
- Subjects
CULTURE ,SOCIAL participation ,SOCIAL support ,SOCIOLOGY ,DEAFNESS ,ATTITUDE (Psychology) ,SOCIAL networks ,GROUP identity ,SURVEYS ,HEALTH ,SOCIAL skills ,PEOPLE with disabilities ,TECHNOLOGY ,GROUP process - Abstract
This study is the first to analyze data from a national survey to investigate the significance for deaf identity of the different forms of social and technological support that deaf people rely upon. Data were derived from a survey among 839 deaf people and were analyzed with regard to social identification as deaf, hearing, bicultural, and marginal. Findings showed connections between technology and identity, including the use of a range of technology to support being culturally deaf. Findings also showed that the deaf and hearing groups had strong homophilous social networks, while the bicultural group tended toward more mixed but equally strong social connectivity. The marginal group had a much thinner social connectivity and relied more upon institutional social support, findings that are in line with previous research revealing a sub-group struggling with social participation and well-being. Theoretically, the paper builds bridges between the fields of social identity and microsociology and shows how a microsociological perspective brings attention to the significance of reiterated social relations and practice for constructing social identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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10. Policing, punishment and comparative penality.
- Author
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Newburn, Tim and Jones, Trevor
- Subjects
PUNISHMENT ,CRIMINAL justice policy ,CRIME ,CRIMINOLOGY ,SOCIOLOGY - Abstract
Apparently growing punitiveness in many countries toward the end of the twentieth century prompted considerable criminological activity which focused on attempting to understand trends and contrasts in systems and patterns of punishment. Although to date this literature has tended to treat policing and punishment as being largely separate spheres of activity this paper advances two reasons for paying greater attention to policing in this context. First, and briefly, to reflect the fact that the police are the 'gatekeepers' to the penal system, and therefore in some senses inseparable from other penal practices. Second, and more centrally, that in various forms policing both involves, and is often experienced as, punishment. Attempts to understand the nature of and differences between penal states will be enhanced by the inclusion of policing within its ambit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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11. Why Precarious Work Is Bad for Health: Social Marginality as Key Mechanisms in a Multi-National Context.
- Author
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Macmillan, Ross and Shanahan, Michael J
- Subjects
PRECARIOUS employment ,SOCIAL marginality ,SOCIOLOGY ,INDUSTRIES & society ,WELFARE state - Abstract
The expansion of precarious work in recent decades has motivated a large body of research on its implications for health. While considerable work has focused on whether precarious work undermines health, much less is known about why it matters. To fill this gap, this paper offers and tests a conceptual model whereby the effects of precarious work on health are mediated by social marginality, specifically reduced self-efficacy, weaker social integration, and lower social capital. All three mechanisms are understood as both social consequences of precarious work and important determinants of health. Empirically, we use data from the European Social Survey and investigate (1) conditional direct effects of precarious work on self-rated health and (2) extent of mediation via the three mechanisms. Furthermore, we assess the generalizability of the model across five welfare state regimes that prior work has deemed to be important moderators of the health–precarious work relationship. Results indicate precarious work has significant conditional direct effects and indirect effects through all three mediators that significantly reduce effect of precarious work on health. This is robust in the general sample and for four of five welfare state regimes. These findings highlight a previously unexplored vector connecting precarious work to health and indicate that the effects of precarious work on perceptions of self and social relations is a key link to poorer health. The study also expands conceptualization of the broad role of socioeconomic status for health inequalities and furthers understanding of the mechanisms at work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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12. Open But Segregated? Class Divisions And the Network Structure of Social Capital in Chile.
- Author
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Otero, Gabriel, Volker, Beate, and Rozer, Jesper
- Subjects
SOCIAL capital ,SOCIOLOGY ,SOCIAL classes ,CLASS differences ,SOCIAL structure - Abstract
This paper studies how social capital is divided across classes in Chile, one of the most unequal countries in the world. We analyse the extent to which upper-, middle-, and lower class individuals congregate in social networks with similar others, while following Bourdieu and expecting that in particular the networks of the higher social strata are segregated in terms of social capital. We test our argument with large-scale, representative survey data for the Chilean urban population aged 18–75 years (n = 2,517) and build an integrated indicator of people's social class that combines measures of education, occupational class, and household income. Our regression analyses show that upper-class individuals have larger networks and access to more varied and prestigious social resources than their middle- and lower class counterparts. Interestingly, however, we found a U-shaped relationship between social class and class homogeneity, indicating that network segregation is high at the top as well as at the bottom of the class-based social strata. In contrast, the classes in the middle have more heterogeneous class networks, possibly forming an important bridge between the "edges" of the class structure. These findings demonstrate that whereas social and economic capital cumulates in higher classes, the lower classes are socially deprived next to their economic disadvantage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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13. History and Sociology: A Twenty-First Century Rapprochement?
- Author
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Savage, Mike
- Subjects
TWENTY-first century ,SOCIOLOGY ,SOCIAL change ,GROUP identity ,SOCIAL forces ,HISTORY of archives - Abstract
This article reflects on the significance of re-analysing material from social-science archives in the context of John Goldthorpe's critique of the use of data from the Affluent Worker project. Drawing on my own role in elaborating this approach, most comprehensively in my book Identities and Social Change , I defend the value of re-analysis both as a means of bringing out previously unknown popular testimonies, and also in reflecting on the way that social scientific research has itself been a significant force for social change in recent decades. I consider how the practice of re-analysis can be defended even when social-science protocols regarding replication cannot be used, and reflect more broadly the significance of the Affluent Worker study in shaping understandings of social change in Britain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. South, Southerners, and Social Forces.
- Author
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Andrews, Kenneth T
- Subjects
PUBLISHED articles ,PUBLISHING ,SOCIAL sciences ,SOCIOLOGY - Published
- 2022
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15. Linked generations: child's transition into unemployment and parents' mental well-being.
- Author
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Albertini, Marco and Piccitto, Giorgio
- Subjects
UNEMPLOYMENT ,SOCIOLOGY ,ECONOMICS ,MENTAL health ,SOCIAL contact - Abstract
Unemployment has a negative effect on the mental well-being of individuals who experience it. The well-being of the partners and children of these individuals is also negatively affected by this transition. Little is known, however, on the effect of the transition into unemployment on the mental well-being of the parents of unemployed people. This article analyses the association between child's transition into unemployment and parents' minor psychiatric morbidity, using the General Health Questionnaire score as a proxy. The effects of the length of the unemployment spell and the specific pathway into unemployment are investigated. Eventually, the moderating role of the national level of unemployment is also explored. Data from the British Household Panel Survey and Understanding Society are used. The results of the analyses indicate that child's transition into unemployment has a small, statistically significant, negative effect on mothers' mental well-being, whereas the effect on fathers' distress is negligible. The association between mother's mental well-being and child's unemployment does not vary by the duration of the unemployment spell, or by the specific path into unemployment (from employment, studentship, or other inactive status). Differently, the negative effect of child's unemployment on mother's well-being is larger at higher levels of unemployment at the country level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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16. Organizing School-to-Work Transition Research from a Sustainable Career Perspective: A Review and Research Agenda.
- Author
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Blokker, Rowena, Akkermans, Jos, Marciniak, Julian, Jansen, Paul G W, and Khapova, Svetlana N
- Subjects
CAREER development ,LABOR market ,PSYCHOLOGY ,SOCIOLOGY ,HAPPINESS - Abstract
A successful school-to-work transition is crucial to an individual's initial entry into the labor market and overall sustainable career development. Scholarly interest in how emerging adults (i.e. late teens to late 20s) can achieve a successful transition to work has grown considerably, stemming from various disciplines, such as educational sciences, psychology, sociology, and economics. These disciplines have all produced valuable knowledge, yet, they mostly exist as separate silos, without clear integration. To create an overview of the literature, we systematically reviewed school-to-work transition literature and used a sustainable career lens to organize it. Based on 365 articles from the past 28 years, our review findings show that there are different conceptual and theoretical approaches to studying school-to-work transitions. We subsequently organize these perspectives into antecedents categorized into the sustainable career perspective's person, context, and time dimensions. Moreover, we categorize school-to-work transition outcomes as proximal and more distal outcomes related to happiness, health, and productivity indicators. Finally, we reflect on the implications of our review article and suggest ways forward for conceptualizing and theorizing modern school-to-work transitions, along with an agenda for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Women, alcohol consumption and health promotion: the value of a critical realist approach.
- Author
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Kersey, Kate, Hutton, Fiona, and Lyons, Antonia C
- Subjects
SOCIOLOGY ,SOCIAL determinants of health ,PUBLIC health ,PSYCHOLOGY ,CONCEPTUAL structures ,SOCIAL context ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,ALCOHOL drinking ,WOMEN'S health ,HEALTH promotion ,MEDICAL research - Abstract
Research on women's drinking occurs in largely disparate disciplines—including public health, health promotion, psychology, sociology, and cultural studies—and draws on differing philosophical understandings and theoretical frameworks. Tensions between the aims and paradigmatic underpinnings of this research (across and within disciplines) have meant that knowledge and insight can be frequently disciplinary-specific and somewhat siloed. However, in line with the social and economic determinants of the health model, alcohol research needs approaches that can explore how multiple gender-related factors—biological, psycho-social, material, and socio-cultural—combine to produce certain drinking behaviours, pleasures and potential harms. We argue that critical realism as a philosophical underpinning to research can accommodate this broader conceptualization, enabling researchers to draw on multiple perspectives to better understand women's drinking. We illustrate the benefit of this approach by presenting a critical realist theoretical framework for understanding women's drinking that outlines interrelationships between the psychoactive properties of alcohol, the role of embodied individual characteristics and the material, institutional and socio-cultural contexts in which women live. This approach can underpin and foster inter-disciplinary research collaboration to inform more nuanced health promotion practices and policies to reduce alcohol-related harm in a wide range of women across societies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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18. Social investment as a conceptual framework for analysing well-being returns and reforms in 21st century welfare states.
- Author
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Hemerijck, Anton, Ronchi, Stefano, and Plavgo, Ilze
- Subjects
TWENTY-first century ,PUBLIC welfare ,WELL-being ,WELFARE state ,CAPITAL stock ,SUBJECTIVE well-being (Psychology) ,EDUCATIONAL change - Abstract
Welfare provision is often conceived through the lens of decommodification and analysed in (re)distributive terms. This article argues that a distributive approach does not sufficiently capture the complexity of 21st century welfare state dynamics. It proposes re-conceptualizing provision as a mix of three policy functions: raising and maintaining human capital stock; easing the flow of gendered life-course and labour-market transitions; guaranteeing social safety-net buffers. This analytical perspective allows theorizing life-course multiplier effects and policy (non-)complementarities, both at the level of individual objective and subjective well-being and in terms of aggregate employment, poverty and fiscal sustainability. This perspective also enables us to extend the temporal horizon of welfare politics beyond short-term electoral logics for explaining welfare reform. The article underscores how methodological pluralism remains key for understanding contemporary welfare states, and for grasping welfare outcomes and institutional change in a research endeavour that involves both generalization and contextualization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Responding to Local Needs by Mobilizing Community Assets: Age-Friendly Community Initiatives During the COVID-19 Pandemic.
- Author
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Greenfield, Emily A, Pestine-Stevens, Althea, and Scher, Clara
- Subjects
ASSETS (Accounting) ,PATIENT advocacy ,SOCIOLOGY ,RESEARCH methodology ,INTERVIEWING ,SOCIAL capital ,PUBLIC health ,SOCIAL context ,QUALITATIVE research ,EMERGENCY management ,INDEPENDENT living ,COMMUNITY-based social services ,NATURAL disasters ,NEEDS assessment ,DATA analysis software ,THEMATIC analysis ,COVID-19 pandemic ,LONGITUDINAL method ,SOCIAL case work - Abstract
Background and Objectives Age-friendly community initiatives (AFCIs) strive to make localities better for long and healthy lives by fostering improvements across social, physical, and service environments. Despite the heightened need for community supports during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, very little research has addressed the work of AFCIs in the context of this crisis. We aimed to develop theory on how AFCI core teams have contributed to community responses during the pandemic, as well as what contexts have influenced the initiatives' ability to contribute. Research Design and Methods As part of a multiyear, community-partnered study on the development of philanthropically supported initiatives in northern New Jersey, we conducted qualitative interviews with 8 AFCI core teams during the winter of 2020–2021. The interviews focused on the leaders' efforts at that time, with probing questions concerning enabling factors for their community responses. We analyzed the data using an inductive coding process encompassing open, axial, and subcoding. Results The analysis indicated four distinct roles of AFC core groups: good community partner , creator , advocate , and communications broker. We further found that AFC leaders primarily drew on three types of capital—human, social, and tangible—to enact these roles, oftentimes in cumulative ways. Discussion and Implications We interpret our study's findings and their implications by integrating insights from theories of social impact. We further highlight the importance of continued research on community-centered approaches to promote aging in community during times of societal crisis, and otherwise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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20. Crying for Flicka: Boys, Young Men, and Emotion at the Cinema in Britain in the 1930s and 1940s.
- Author
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Tebbutt, Melanie
- Subjects
MOTION pictures & youth ,EMOTIONS ,EXPERIENTIAL learning ,INFLUENCE of motion pictures ,MOTION pictures ,SOCIOLOGY - Abstract
This article re-visits contemporary surveys of the cinema in the 1930s and 1940s to explore the implications that the cinema's role as an "emotional frontier" between everyday life and the imagination had on the emotional lives of boys and young men. It makes a novel contribution to the history of youth and emotions, arguing that for boys and young men who were disconnected from social life, the cinema was an "emotional refuge," a space of heightened emotional encounter, in which conventional assumptions about masculinity could be fractured and "feminine" sensibilities otherwise difficult to express publicly could receive cathartic release. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. The Trembling Network or a Sociology of Feeling: W. E. B. Du Bois's The Quest of the Silver Fleece.
- Author
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Class, Claire Marie
- Subjects
SOCIOLOGY ,SHIVERING ,AFFECT (Psychology) - Abstract
I argue that W. E. B. Du Bois generates the beginnings of what I call a "sociology of feeling" in his first novel, The Quest of the Silver Fleece (1911). Bill Hardwig and Sarah Wilson contend that Du Bois developed Quest and other fictional works as alternatives to his prior experiments in quantitative sociology, which he found to be reductive. Although it may be tempting to think that Du Bois's literary experimentation is proof of his disillusionment with the discipline, I claim that he actually works to augment the explanatory power of an affective sociology in Quest. He moves away from overly statistical methods but not sociology as a framework. As a Black sociologist, Du Bois was deeply invested in network thinking, which, among other insights, identifies separate incidents of racial oppression as components of a greater system. In Quest , Du Bois enriches his network thinking through a formal innovation hitherto unremarked by scholars: a persistent motif of trembling. Quivers and shivers mark moments of heightened affective connection between characters and environments in Quest. Through trembling bodies and objects, Du Bois interweaves social and economic relations with affective ones in a multivalent network contextualizing living persons. Harnessing the formal flexibility and duration of the novel to convey the affective complexity of embodied networks, Quest is a multidisciplinary enterprise that furthers sociological knowledge and anticipates affect theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Coercive Law†.
- Author
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Adams, Thomas
- Subjects
JURISPRUDENCE ,VIOLENCE ,PHILOSOPHERS ,SOCIOLOGY ,CRITICAL theory - Abstract
In this review article I consider Kenneth Einar Himma's argument that law is necessarily coercive. While casting doubt on Himma's framing of the issues as well as on his specific claims in support of that conclusion, I suggest some alternate avenues for arguing that law is a coercive institution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Gender Gap in Workplace Authority: Variation across Types of Authority Positions.
- Author
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Stojmenovska, Dragana, Steinmetz, Stephanie, and Volker, Beate
- Subjects
GENDER inequality ,GENDER differences (Sociology) ,SEX discrimination in employment ,GENDER wage gap ,AUTHORITY ,SOCIOLOGY - Abstract
The finding that men are disproportionately represented in positions of workplace authority to an extent that cannot be explained by human capital attributes and location within the structure of the economy is well documented. Arguing that different authority positions are differentially gendered, this article tests a more refined hypothesis: that the gender gap in authority is larger in positions that are relatively seen as more suitable for men. We distinguish authority positions by the amount of authority and the gender-typed control over resources they involve, hypothesizing a larger gender gap in positions with larger proportions of supervisory, as opposed to nonsupervisory tasks, and in positions with control over organizational, as opposed to human, resources. Our findings, based on Dutch linked survey and administrative data from about 32,000 employees who have started their careers between 1999 and 2016, largely support these ideas. We find an overall larger gender gap in positions with largely supervisory tasks as opposed to positions with only some supervisory tasks. Additionally, the authority gender gap is the largest in largely supervisory positions with control over organizational resources and smallest in positions with control over human resources. We discuss both theoretical and practical implications of our findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Celebrating international criminal justice: a sociology of the twentieth anniversary of the International Criminal Court.
- Author
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Christensen, Mikkel Jarle
- Subjects
INTERNATIONAL criminal courts ,ANNIVERSARIES ,SOCIOLOGY ,CRIMINALS - Abstract
The article analyses events that marked the twentieth anniversary of the Rome Statute. Building on sociological methods and original data, the article shows how these events were dominated by particular elites and by an orthodox perspective on international criminal justice that excluded other points of view and professional groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Walking and talking with volunteers: what does walking offer the study of volunteering, space and place?
- Author
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Daly, Siobhan and Allen, Michele
- Subjects
VOLUNTEER service ,HELPING behavior ,INDIVIDUALISM ,POLITICAL doctrines ,SOCIOLOGY - Abstract
The walking interview is used to explore the lived experiences and meanings individuals attach to place(s). Despite scholarly interest in place and volunteering, attention to the walking interview is lacking. This article presents an exploratory study, which invited five volunteers to participate in a walking interview. Our aim is to discuss the walking interview to expand the range of methodologies employed in research on volunteering, particularly volunteering and place. The walking interview has novel implications for the conceptualization of volunteers and for the meanings individuals identify in their volunteer experience(s). Volunteers can be conceptualized as mobile subjects to explore the implications of physiological movement in place for the volunteer experience. Walking can unearth the significance of emotions and memories to volunteers' negotiation of the 'everyday politics' of volunteering. The mobility of people and objects in sites of volunteering are salient as they reveal embodied aspects of the volunteer experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Gender in military conflict: LGBT+ marginalization, mental health, movement and rights in the 2022 military conflict in Ukraine.
- Author
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Alibudbud, Rowalt
- Subjects
MARRIAGE law ,SOCIOLOGY ,WAR ,PSYCHOLOGY of LGBTQ+ people ,DISCRIMINATION (Sociology) ,MENTAL health ,SOCIAL justice ,GENDER identity ,CONFLICT (Psychology) ,DECISION making ,PSYCHOLOGY of military personnel ,CIVIL rights - Abstract
The article focuses on the marginalization of LGBT+ individuals during the military conflict in Ukraine. Topics include It discusses their discrimination, mental health risks and the movement for their rights amidst the conflict; the Ukrainian government's response towards the issue; and the need for equitable policies.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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