Search

Showing total 47,736 results

Refine your results

47,736 results

1. Transitioning from Traditional Courses to Technologically Supported Classrooms. IDEA Paper #62

Author

IDEA Center, Proctor, Janice, and Bumgardner, Tiffany

Abstract

This paper focuses on the authors' experiences teaching on Ohio University's Learning Network (OULN), which uses interactive television and real-time face-to-face interaction as a distance-education (DE) delivery tool. One of the authors is a sociology professor, and the other is her former student and an experienced OULN system operator. The transition to DE from a traditional, less technological approach presents numerous challenges as well as opportunities. This paper compares the semester-long progress of two different sociology courses that used the OULN. It presents an analysis of each class's strengths and weaknesses, along with qualitative data based on interviews with each class's students, as recorded in a diary that the authors kept throughout the semester on the progress of each class. One class experienced more success than the other, which presented numerous teaching challenges. The paper concludes by offering guidance for integrating traditional teaching methods, including group work, into DE environments.

Published
2016

2. What Is a 'Good' Social Network for a System?: The Flow of Know-How for Organizational Change. Working Paper #48

Author

Michigan State University, Education Policy Center and Frank, Kenneth

Abstract

This study concerns how intra-organizational networks affect the implementation of policies and practices in organizations. In particular, we attend to the role of the informal subgroup or clique in cultivating and distributing locally adapted and integrated knowledge, or know-how. We develop two hypotheses based on the importance of intra-organizational coordination for an organization's capacity for change. The first emphasizes the importance of distributing know-how evenly to potential recipient subgroups. The second emphasizes the importance of restricting know-how to flow from high know-how subgroups. We test our hypotheses with longitudinal network data in 21 schools, finding stronger support for the second hypothesis than the first. Our findings can help managers cultivate know-how flows to contribute to organizational change. The following are appended: (1) Technical Appendix; and (2) Multilevel Estimation of Main Models.

Published
2014

3. Conceptual Frameworks for Child Care Decision-Making. White Paper

Author

Administration for Children and Families (DHHS), Office of Planning, Research & Evaluation, Child Trends, Chaudry, Ajay, Henly, Julia, and Meyers, Marcia

Abstract

This working paper is one in a series of projects initiated by the Administration for Children and Families (ACF) to improve knowledge for child care researchers and policy makers about parental child care decision making. In this paper, the authors identify three distinct conceptual frameworks for understanding child care decisions--a rational consumer choice framework, a heuristics and biases framework, and a social network framework--and review the major assumptions, contributions, and possible limitations of each of these frameworks. They then discuss an integrated conceptual model, the accommodation model that draws from each of these frameworks. The first three frameworks come primarily from the fields of economics, psychology, and sociology, respectively. It is the authors' sense that most research about child care decision making has been informed by the theories, assumptions, and empirical methods of one or more of these frameworks, either explicitly or implicitly, and they provide some examples and elaborate the basic tenets of each framework. The integrative accommodation model was first presented by Marcia Meyers and Lucy Jordan (2006). They develop and elaborate this model more fully here with explicit attention to its relation to the rational consumer choice framework, the heuristics and biases framework, and the social network frameworks. These frameworks are presented as complementary, rather than mutually exclusive. For a process as complex as parental child care decisions, each can provide a different and useful lens through which to understand unique aspects of the factors, processes and outcomes of parental child care decisions. When considered together, they believe they may inform one another and the development of more integrative models, such as the accommodation model presented here. It is the authors' hope that researchers working primarily within one of the conceptual frameworks discussed here will benefit from learning about other frameworks. In some cases, this may simply suggest additional or new variables to consider when specifying a particular model, while still working from the same conceptual framework. In other cases, it may result in integrative approaches that address multiple dimensions of the decision making process--dimensions that may not be as obvious when working within a single framework. In the concluding section the authors discuss some of the issues and the implications for future research. A goal of this paper is to advance knowledge that can inform public policy efforts. Given that the Child Care Development Fund (CCDF) has an explicit goal of supporting parental choice for child care, it is critical that they expand and deepen everyone's knowledge about the processes through which parents make decisions and the consequences for the choices they make (Zaslow, Halle, Guzman, Lavelle, Keith, Berry, & Dent, 2006). The different perspectives offered by each of the three frameworks and the integrative accommodation model may help policy makers identify the policy and program levers that can prove important at different stages of the decision making process. (Contains 7 footnotes.)

Published
2010

4. Reflections on the Proceedings from HPSST Conferences: A Profile of Papers on Chemistry Education.

Author

Erduran, Sibel

Abstract

Proceedings from the first three History and Philosophy of Science and Science Teaching Conferences are examined to identify the profile of papers in science content areas. Those papers with a chemistry education emphasis are investigated more closely. Results indicate that papers with physics content dominate. Chemistry and biology content were addressed at about the same frequency. The chemistry topics covered in the papers include air pressure, equilibrium, atomic theory, and periodicity. Student cognition and language in science are the least studied areas among those covered while sociology of chemistry and teacher cognition are examples of domains that have not been addressed. (DDR)

Published
1997

5. Forty Years On: Norbert Elias and the Young Worker Project. CLMS Working Paper.

Author

Goodwin, John and O'Connor, Henrietta

Abstract

A study performed in 1962 by Norbert Elias on the adjustment of young people to the transition from school to work had five areas of inquiry; adjustment to relationships with older workers and supervisors; adjustment to job problems; adjustment to role as workers; adjustment to role as money-earner in home relations; and adjustment to role as money-earner in leisure time. The study was an interview-based survey of nearly 900 young adults. The original study concluded that there is a "shock" experience during the transition from school to work young people have difficulties adjusting to the new role and in their relationships with older workers, their family and their income. However, a current look at the original interviews and background materials and concludes that while shock is experienced, it was not to the degree predicted. The origins of the shock conclusion are unclear, there may be differences between the experiences of working class and middle class youth, and it may not be shock that emerges from the difference between the expectations of work and the actual experience of work. (SLR)

Published
2002

6. Power and Politics in the Higher Education Policy Arena. ASHE Annual Meeting Paper.

Author

Parsons, Michael D.

Abstract

The purpose of this paper, the initial report of an ongoing study, is threefold. One is to present and demonstrate the use of the sociology of translation as a methodological framework for the study of power within the higher education policy arena. The second is to define the boundaries and shape of that arena, and the third is to define the meaning of power within this context. The paper notes that the nation's Executive branch has forfeited its role as a policy participant and become a policy barrier, leaving Congress to look for an intersection of policy interests that can be negotiated or forced past the Executive. Through an examination of the student financial aid reauthorization process, the paper reveals the importance of knowledge, communications, coalition building, and grounding policy proposals in the history and culture of the policy arena. The social relationships that foster the exchange and interaction between the Congress and the associations it deals with in policymaking constitute a communication community. The power of this type of community is the product of a common language, cooperative activities, mutual needs, shared history and values, and widely understood signs and symbols. (Contains over 170 references.) (GLR)

Published
1992

7. The Contribution of Latino Studies to Social Science Research on Immigration. JSRI Occasional Paper No. 36. Latino Studies Series.

Author

Michigan State Univ., East Lansing. Julian Samora Research Inst. and Pedraza, Silvia

Abstract

This paper offers a conceptual "map" of issues and approaches in immigration research and illustrates features of the map with the significant contributions of Latino Studies to immigration research. One axis of the map concerns the time line of various waves of immigration. Although research on immigrants and immigration processes was a foundation of American sociology, Latino immigrants were largely ignored until the 1960s. In 1964, two Mexican social scientists published their research on illegal Mexican immigrants and on the "bracero" (migrant worker) program. Since then, Latino scholarship has contributed to the history of Spanish-speaking groups in the United States; the history of regions heavily impacted by Latino immigration; and the development of two major conceptual models of ethnic relations in America--acculturation and internal colonialism. The other axis of the map concerns levels of analysis: micro-level factors that drive individual behavior versus structural perspectives that emphasize major economic or political forces driving migration. The map's "Blue Highways" consist of research themes in Latino scholarship such as the heterogeneity of Latino immigrants, immigrants' involvement in small businesses, impact of migration on sending communities in the underdeveloped world, female labor migrants, and poverty among U.S. Latino immigrants. "Unpaved roads" or research needs are also suggested such as links between micro and macro levels of analysis, the "brain drain" from Third World to First World countries, and the distinctive issues of refugees and exiles. (Contains 69 references.) (SV)

Published
1998

8. National Assessments of Teacher Quality. Working Paper Series, Working Paper No. 96-24.

Author

American Institutes for Research in the Behavioral Sciences, Washington, DC. and Ingersoll, Richard M.

Abstract

This report discusses evaluation and measurement of the quality of school teachers, emphasizing the problem of assessing competence, performance, and effectiveness through large-scale national sample surveys. Part 1 outlines types of issues and questions surrounding teacher quality that must be addressed, highlighting conventional and new approaches to teacher assessment. Part 2 provides an interpretive and critical review of the predominant approaches to assessing competence, performance, and effectiveness of teachers. Part 3 offers an alternative, sociological approach to assessment. This view presents employee and organizational assessment as social phenomena, suggesting that all evaluation is shaped by social context, is value-laden and purposeful, and is based on particular norms of appropriate behavior. In this view, the role of research should be to uncover viewpoints, interests, criteria, and values underlying and shaping any particular theory and assessment method in order to illuminate its strengths and limits. The goal of research should be to help develop a range of complementary methods representing a range of viewpoints. Part 4 draws out implications of these approaches for large-scale national survey assessments of teacher quality. Part 5 lists sources and examples of existing survey measures of teacher quality (self-assessment, and administrator and peer assessment). (Contains 58 references.) (SM)

Published
1996

9. Disciplinary and Departmental Effects on Faculty and Student Misconduct. ASHE Annual Meeting Paper.

Author

Anderson, Melissa S.

Abstract

This study investigated how academic norms, expectations and rules affect the experiences of graduate students, particularly in regards to reported academic misconduct at disciplinary and departmental levels. The study used a hierarchical linear analysis with data from a nationwide survey of 2,000 graduate students in chemistry, civil engineering, microbiology, and sociology. The survey asked participants about their doctoral programs, academic and social experiences in their departments, their mentors, and experiences with ethical issues and research misconduct. The analysis suggests that the most localized contexts in which graduate students live, the discipline and department, have a great impact on their exposure to misconduct, which appears to be a profound socialization experience. Rates of observed misconduct appear to be department and discipline specific, and alterable characteristics of departmental environments condition the exposure of graduate students to a wide array of different forms of behavior that conflict with the image of "the good scientist." Two appendixes present additional technical information about the survey. (Contains 36 references.) (JB)

Published
1992

10. Proceedings from the Child Care Policy & Research Symposium (Kingston, Ontario, June 3, 1991). Occasional Paper No. 2.

Author

Toronto Univ. (Ontario). Centre for Urban and Community Studies. and Kyle, Irene

Abstract

This symposium brought together researchers, policymakers, advocates, and child care practitioners to consider information relevant to child care policy which was available from several disciplines and how it could be applied to developing child care policy. The symposium's goals were not only to stimulate discussion among researchers and policymakers and researchers from different disciplines but to underline the importance of conducting Canadian child care research and making it widely available. Seven papers are included in the proceedings: (1) "The Implications of Early Childhood Education and Psychological Research for Canadian Public Policy on Day Care" (Nina Howe and Ellen Jacobs); (2) "Economics and Child Care Policy" (Gordon Cleveland); (3) "A Sociological Perspective on Child Care Research" (Maureen Baker); (4) "School-Age Child Care: A Preliminary Report" (Ellen Jacobs and others); (5) "Talking to Children: The Effects of the Home and the Family Day Care Environment" (Hillel Goelman and Alan Pence); (6) "The Effect of Price on the Choice of Child Care Arrangements" (Gordon Cleveland and Douglas Hyatt); and (7) "Ideology, Social Policy, and Home-Based Child Care" (June Pollard). The papers are followed by comments by Kathleen Brophy and Ruth Rose. A copy of the symposium program is also included. (MDM)

Published
1991

11. Entering the Social Media Stratosphere: Higher Education Faculty Use of Social Media with Students across Four Disciplines

Author

Crystal Machado, Pao Ying Hsiao, Christian Vaccaro, and Christine Baker

Abstract

In this practice-based pedagogical paper, we, the university faculty of Education, Food and Nutrition, Sociology, and History in the U.S., describe how we started a Reflective Practice Teaching Circle at our institution for interdisciplinary dialogue about the effective use of social media (SM) for teaching and learning. Our discussions led to the design of the Social Media Entry Model that educators can use for decision-making. We begin this paper with a brief synthesis of scholarly literature describing students' SM use and how higher education faculty use SM to support 21st-century skills development. Next, we describe the institutional, individual, and pedagogical barriers that prevent faculty from embracing SM as a teaching and learning tool. Based on our shared vision and praxis, we present the Social Media Entry Model and describe how educators can use it when deciding how to integrate SM into the formal or informal curriculum. Through our narratives, we illustrate how we use a variety of SM platforms and different entry points in the model to enhance students' 21st-century skills. We also discuss the legal and ethical issues that educators must consider to ensure that university students use SM in a socially responsible manner.

Published
2024

12. Program Assessment in Sociology: The Case for the Bachelor's Paper.

Author

Hartmann, David J.

Abstract

Suggests the bachelor's paper as an alternative to testing for sociology majors. Explains that the paper enables the student to use the discipline's theoretical and methodological tools to address an important topic. Explores the advantages and disadvantages of the paper. Suggests that the assignment promotes assessment both of the student and the program. (SG)

Published
1992

13. An Alternative Comprehensive Final Exam: The Integrated Paper.

Author

Chandler, Theresa Mariani

Abstract

Describes a final assignment in an introductory sociology course that helps students apply their sociological knowledge. Students choose a book or movie, provide a plot summary, analyze it using a minimum number of sociological terms gathered from different chapters or topic areas, and provide a brief conclusion. (MJP)

Published
1997

14. Information and argument patterns in the Introduction sections of sociology research papers.

Author

Wei-Ning Cheng and Khoo, Christopher S. G.

Subjects
ENGLISH language, SOCIOLOGY, ACADEMIC discourse, RHETORIC, ORATORY
Abstract

Copyright of Iberica is the property of Asociacion Europea de Lenguas para Fines Especificos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

15. Writing a Sociological Student Term Paper: Steps and Scheduling.

Author

Kamali, Ali

Abstract

Provides advice for constructing an activity log directing students in writing a sociology term paper. Includes topic selection, outline, critical thinking, information gathering, analysis of findings, and completing a semifinal draft. Recommends that each step have a firm due date to reduce procrastination. Suggests that sequencing activities reduces students' fear of writing. (DK)

Published
1991

17. A Balance Sheet for East-West Exchanges. IREX Occasional Papers, Volume 1, Number 1.

Author

International Research and Exchange Board, New York, NY. and Kassof, Allen H.

Abstract

Four papers discuss research exchanges between the United States and the USSR and East Europe. The first paper considers the evolution of perceptions of social scientists in these countries during the Cold War and Detente. The dominant view of American researchers during the Cold War was that the United States, as the most modern society, was the yardstick for measuring other societies. The United States experienced rapid growth of training and research related to the Soviet orbit. However, Soviet scholars were constrained by Marxist-Leninist doctrine and by educational and research policies. In the 1960s, American social scientists gained a greater appreciation for the complexities of modern societies and East European social scientists began innovative studies. The second paper discusses evaluations of research exchanges between the United States and the Soviet Union. The conclusion is that these exchanges are scientifically valuable to both countries. The most serious problem is Soviet political repression of its scientific community. The third paper discusses problems and accomplishments of East European studies in the United States. Although progress seems to be steady, American social scientists have come to pursue topics that are politically safe, and thus often of secondary importance. The final paper suggests that in exchanges between the Soviet Union and the United States, both academic and government communities profit. The point that Soviet exchanges are generally in sciences and engineering and American exchanges are in history and literature illustrates that each side sends whom it wishes. Thus, the author concludes that this type of exchange is neither unbalanced nor unfair. (Author/KC)

Published
1980

18. Building Assistive Communities: The Potential of Liberating Structures for In-Class Peer Mentorship

Author

Robinson, Oral and Wilson, Alexander

Abstract

Peer mentorship programs have mostly emphasized formal structures, wherein a more experienced student guides a less experienced student. However, these practices are hierarchical and require substantive resources to organize and implement. Searching for alternatives, we research the effectiveness of an informal teaching technique that facilitates active learning and peer-mentorship from everyday classroom settings and processes. Drawing on formative feedback from students enrolled in a lower-level Sociology course over a term, this paper analyzes how a "Liberating Structures" (LS) technique called Five Whys (an adaptation of the Nine Whys of LS) can promote in-class collaboration, peer mentorship, and increased engagement without training and the need to design a formal peer-mentorship program. Students identified many benefits, including that Five Whys promoted community, reflective learning, and deepened engagement with course content. However, the structuring of interactions was seen to be stifling to natural group processes. Broader implications for LS and in-class mentorship are discussed. [Articles in this journal were presented at the University of Calgary Conference on Postsecondary Learning and Teaching.]

Published
2022

19. Using Sociology: The Application of Concepts. A Paper for the Pennsylvania Sociological Society.

Author

Cuyahoga Community Coll., Warrensville Township, OH. Eastern Campus., Clavner, Jerry, and Sumodi, Veronica

Abstract

The interrelatedness of the fields of nursing and sociology is discussed in this paper in an effort to encourage a sympathetic symbiosis between these two fields and between technical and general education. First, an overview is provided of recent trends in sociology, citing the influences of anthropologists and cultural historians on current views of U.S. society. Next, changes in the delivery of health services are examined, with focus on the implications of these changes for health services education. The need for health services personnel to understand and get along with people is underscored, and several key factors in this understanding are explored, including the importance of a patient's motivation, background, behavior, and involvement in the effective delivery of health services; organizational characteristics of hospitals, such as limited resources, a racial and cultural caste system, work pressures, and management policies; and interpersonal relationships with colleagues, patients, and patients' families. The paper then suggests that learning experiences on such sociological topics be developed and integrated into existing technical courses. After suggesting steps for the development of such modules, a series of concepts are discussed around which learning experiences could be developed. These include power and authority, values and the process of socialization, ethnicity, religion, the aged, language, and wellness. Eight learning activities related to these topics are appended. (AYC)

Published
1983

20. 'It Happened to Me': How Faculty Handle Student Reactions to Class Material. Working Paper No. 132.

Author

Adler, Emily Stier

Abstract

This paper addresses the problem of faculty members being confronted, in or out of the classroom, with students' personal reactions to some of the subject matter, especially sex and gender material, found in today's college sociology courses. The paper suggests some ways in which sociologists view student sharing of personal reactions and discusses how faculty can respond. Also discussed are the sociological courses and topics that are especially likely to spark student reactions and sharing behavior; some faculty reactions when such occurrences have taken place; ideas for coping with this behavior in the classroom; and observations from faculty on handling students' personal problems that come to them out of the classroom setting. It is suggested that faculty should think about the content of the materials that they will be presenting, the structural and organizational approaches they should use, and the goals of the course prior to content presentation in order to anticipate students' reactions and better meet their academic and personal needs. Contains 11 references. (GLR)

Published
1984

21. Five Contemporary Novelists' Views of Growing Up Turkish in the 1980s: A Literary Sociology. Occasional Papers. Turkish Studies Series Number Five.

Author

Connecticut Univ., Storrs. Thut (I.N.) World Education Center. and Stone, Frank Andrews

Abstract

Literary sociology is a multifaceted process of analyzing texts. It moves beyond traditional literary criticism to incorporate such varied approaches as: appreciating literary schemata; textual analysis; seeking form, sound, and content regularities; examining the lasting values of the work; and contemplating the reader's own authentic life-world and experience. This paper seeks to provide a literary sociology about growing up Turkish in light of the contents of five works of recent fiction. The titles of the books (with English translation) are: "Korku'nun Bedeli" (The Price of Fear), Ibrahim Ulvi Yavuz, 1983; "Aile Savaslari" (Family Struggles), Bekir Yildiz, 1984; "Yalcin Nereye Kosuyor?..." (Where's Yalcin Running?), Emin Colasan, 1985; "Koca Ren" (Great Rhine), Fakir Baykurt, 1986; and "Geriye Donenler" (Those Who Go Back), Gulten Dayioglu, 1986. A central theme running throughout these works is the cultural conflicts of growing up Turkish. These conflicts take on three dimensions: a fundamental clash between adhering to traditional Islam or adopting modern Turkish behavior; the tension in the socio-political arena between ideologies of the right and left; and the struggle of Turkish guest workers in West Germany and other European countries between the rural Anatolian root values of the older generation and the European values of their children. According to the five books, the 1980s were turbulent times for Turkish youth. Economic fluctuations at home and abroad as well as changing dynamics in the relationships between today's Turkish parents and their children were among the sources of upheaval. Two charts and two figures supplement the text and an 11-item bibliography is included. (DB)

Published
1988

24. Processes of Prejudice and the Roots of Racism: A Socio-Cognitive Approach. Prepublication/Working Paper No. 3.

Author

Amsterdam Univ. (Netherlands). and van Dijk, Teun A.

Abstract

A cognitive theory about the representation and processing of ethnic attitudes is presented, and strategies people use to express ethnic attitudes in conversations are discussed. Recent developments in cognitive and social psychology and in microsociology have shown that ethnic prejudices or attitudes are both cognitive and social results of social information processing in intergroup relations. Ethnic prejudice, formulated in terms of attitude schemata about minority groups, can be categorically organized in terms of their major social functions: dominance, differentiation, distance, depersonalization, diffusion, diversion, and the various forms of daily discrimination. Ethnic groups are represented according to prototypical characteristics, e.g., origin, appearance, socio-economic position. There are many strategies which can be used to manipulate these cognitions, including irrelevant participant categorization, use of negative prototypical properties of minorities, favoritism in ambiguous situations of ingroup members, and negative information spreading. How everyday talk exemplifies many of these cognitive and social strategies of prejudice is shown. (RM)

Published
1983

25. Issues and Challenges: A Kaleidoscope of Change. The Academy Papers, No. 13.

Author

American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance (AAHPERD)., American Academy of Physical Education, Washington, DC., and Scott, M. Gladys

Abstract

Issues and challenges which must be dealt with in the rapidly changing physical education disciplines and professions are discussed. Subjects include overviews of the development of educational philosophies, contemporary problems, and curriculum. Physiological, psychological, administrative, and sociological views are expressed concerning the challenge of change in physical education. (CJ)

Published
1979

27. A Proposal for a Course on the Sociology of Work and the Family. Working Paper No. 133.

Author

Wellesley Coll., MA. Center for Research on Women. and Adler, Emily Stier

Abstract

The task of transforming the undergraduate curriculum to reflect feminist concerns should involve a consideration of the way existing curricula are structured. This paper pursues the question of structure and considers two existing and separate courses: the sociology of work (or occupational sociology) and the sociology of the family. Alternative ways of structuring these courses are discussed, including one that would focus on the two spheres of life (work and family) together and the design of a course that has as its core the area where the spheres overlap. An outline for a course on work and families is presented and includes lists of readings for several different topics within the larger concepts. (DB)

Published
1984

28. Abstracts of Research Papers 1983. Presented at the Minneapolis, Minnesota Convention of the American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance in the Research Consortium Meetings (April 7-11, 1983).

Author

American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance, Reston, VA. and Adrian, Marlene J.

Abstract

This volume contains all research consortium abstracts which were accepted for presentation at the Minneapolis, Minnesota Convention of the American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance (AAHPERD), April 7-11, 1983. Abstracts represent "state of the art" research encompassing the entire spectrum of AAHPERD disciplines. Abstracts are grouped according to topics (pedagogy, physiology, health, biomechanics and skill acquisition, health, handicapped, motor development, curriculum, history, physiology, measurement and evaluation, sociology, and psychology). Also included are abstracts of poster sessions, which were multidisciplinary in nature and provided greater opportunity for the researcher to share ideas and results. (JD)

Published
1983

29. Feasibility and effectiveness of electronic vs. paper partograph on improving birth outcomes: A prospective crossover study design.

Author

Rahman, Aminur, Begum, Tahmina, Ashraf, Fatema, Akhter, Sadika, Hoque, Dewan Md. Emdadul, Ghosh, Tarun Kanti, Rahman, Monjur, Stekelenburg, Jelle, Das, Sumon Kumar, Fatima, Parveen, and Anwar, Iqbal

Subjects
*ELECTRONIC paper, *MIDDLE-income countries, *LONGITUDINAL method, *CHILDBIRTH, *LOW-income countries, *CHILDBIRTH at home
Abstract

Background: The partograph has been endorsed by World Health Organization (WHO) since 1994 which presents an algorithm for assessing maternal and foetal conditions and labor progression. Monitoring labour with a partograph can reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes such as prolonged labor, emergency C-sections, birth asphyxia and stillbirths. However, partograph use is still very low, particularly in low and middle income countries (LMICs). In Bangladesh the reported partograph user rate varies from 1.4% to 33.0%. Recently, an electronic version of the partograph, with the provision of online data entry and user aid for emergency clinical support, has been tested successfully in different settings. With this proven evidence, we conducted and operations research to test the feasibility and effectiveness of implementing an e-partograph, for the first time, in 2 public hospitals in Bangladesh Methods: We followed a prospective crossover design. Two secondary level referral hospitals, Jessore and Kushtia District Hospital (DH) were the study sites. All pregnant women who delivered in the study hospitals were the study participants. All nurse-midwives working in the labor ward of study hospitals were trained on appropriate use of both types of partograph along with standard labour management guidelines. Collected quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS 23 statistical software. Discrete variables were expressed as percentages and presented as frequency distribution and cross tabulations. Chi square tests were employed to test the association between exposure and outcome variables. Potential confounding factors were adjusted using multivariate binary logistic regression methods. Ethical approval was obtained from the institutional review board of the International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b). Findings: In total 2918 deliveries were conducted at Jessore DH and 2312 at Kushtia DH during one-year study period. Of them, 1012 (506 in each facility) deliveries were monitored using partograph (paper or electronic). The trends of facility based C-section rates was downwards in both the hospitals; 43% to 37% in Jessore and from 36% to 25% in Kushtia Hospital. There was a significant reduction of prolonged labour with e-partograph use. In Kushtia DH, the prolonged labour rate was 42% during phase 1 with the paper version which came down to 29% during phase-2 with the e-partograph use. The similar result was observed in Jessore DH where the prolonged labour rate reduced to 7% with paper partograph from the reported 30% prolonged labour with e-partograph. The e-partograph user rate was higher than the paper partograph during both phases (phase 1: 3.31, CI: 2.04–5.38, p < .001 and in phase 2: 15.20 CI: 6.36–36.33, p < .001) after adjusting for maternal age, parity, gestational age, religion, mother’s education, husband’s education, and fetal sex Conclusion: The partograph user rate has significantly improved with the e- partograph and was associated with an overall reduction in cesarean births. Use of the e-partograph was also associated with reduced rates of prolonged labour. This study has added to the growing body of evidence on the positive impact of e-partograph use. We recommend implementing e-partograph intervention at scale in both public and private hospitals in Bangladesh. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

30. The Notion of Friend between Offline and Online on Facebook

Author

Hamasaiid, Aram Tofiq

Abstract

In recent years, 'Facebook' is considered a widely used social network site, used by a vast cross section of persons worldwide, regardless of age, job and education level. Facebook was commenced in February 2004 as a social networking site for Harvard students and expanded to all over the world, thus offering an extensive attain within a defined geographical area, unlike most internet sites (Lewis, J. West, A. 2009). It is the practically 'universal social networking site and it has the highest share of users' daily visits' (Hampton, K.N. et al et al, 2011). As a result, it made communication with different people and groups in various locations possible and easy. 'Facebook's mission' is to give people the power to share and make the world more open and connected' (www.facebook.com). In this paper, my interest is in the term 'Friend' on Facebook. Especially, in the way it is socially shaped, and how the users are using it and understand it. In addition, the aims of this essay are to explore reasons for having friends on Facebook, and methods or ways that have been used by users to select friends. It also aims to illustrate types and main themes of conversation and chatting with friends on Facebook. However, the main purpose of the paper is to critically compare the notion of friend online and offline, via a quantitative data collection and interviews with the Facebook users. [For the complete volume, "Proceedings of International Conference on Studies in Education and Social Sciences (Antalya, Turkey, November 11-14, 2021). Volume 1," see ED625228.]

Published
2021

31. Migrant workers occupational health research: an OMEGA-NET working group position paper

Author

Damien McElvenny, Mario Marinov, Evangelia Nena, Valentina Milenkova, Bertina Kreshpaj, Lode Godderis, Barbara Bergbom, Deborah Catherine Glass, Ingrid Sivesind Mehlum, Dana Mates, and Emine Aktas

Subjects
MIGRATION, Ethnic group, Working conditions, Review Article, Migrant workers, Occupational safety and health, Health care, Humans, Sociology, Work-related health, Occupations, Public, Environmental & Occupational Health, RISK, Transients and Migrants, Science & Technology, Occupational health, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, COVID-19, Study design, social sciences, Native workers, female genital diseases and pregnancy complications, PREVALENCE, PRECARIAT, Systematic review, IMMIGRANT WORKERS, Cross-Sectional Studies, Work (electrical), behavior and behavior mechanisms, Position paper, population characteristics, Demographic economics, business, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, MENTAL-HEALTH, geographic locations, Qualitative research, Cohort study
Abstract

Objective The aims of the study were: (1) to clarify the definitions of “migrant” used in occupational health research; (2) to summarize migrant workers’ industry sectors, occupations and employment conditions; (3) to identify the occupational health and safety services available to migrant workers; (4) to summarize work-related health problems found among migrant workers; (5) to identify the methodological challenges to research into occupational health of migrant workers; and (6) to recommend improvements in migrant occupational health research. Methods This position paper was prepared by researchers from several European countries and Australia, working within the EU COST Action OMEGA-NET. The paper drew on two recent systematic reviews on the occupational health of international migrant workers and other literature, and also identified uncertainties and gaps in the research literature. Migrants may, for example, be temporary or permanent, moving for specific jobs migrants or other reasons. Their ethnicity and language capabilities will affect their work opportunities. Results The occupational health literature seldom adequately identifies the heterogeneity or characteristics of the migrant group being studied. Migrants tend to work in more physically and mentally demanding environments with higher exposures than native workers. Migrants tend to have an increased risk of physical and mental ill health, but less access to health care services. This has been demonstrated recently by high rates of COVID-19 and less access to health care. There have been a number of cross-sectional studies of migrant health but few long-term cohort studies were identified. Other study designs, such as registry-based studies, surveys and qualitative studies may complement cross-sectional studies. Mixed-methodology studies would be valuable in research on migrants’ occupational health. Language and lack of trust are barriers to migrant research participation. Conclusion Targeted research, especially longitudinal, identifying how these economically important but often-vulnerable workers can be best assisted is needed. Researchers should identify the characteristics of the migrant workers that they are studying including visa/migration circumstances (temporary, permanent, undocumented), racial and ethnic characteristics, existing skills and language abilities.

Published
2021

32. Using Design Thinking to Solve Real-World Problems: A Pedagogical Approach to Encourage Student Growth

Author

Jill Waity, Alicia Sellon, and Bailey Williams

Abstract

Providing students with opportunities to wrestle with and engage with messy, real-world problems can be challenging in traditional, higher education courses. However, for students in helping and applied professions, engaging with challenging problems in a supportive environment is critical to developing their skills and confidence. This paper presents an innovative pedagogical pilot project that utilizes design thinking in the context of a community-engaged applied learning experience to guide students as they worked on a real problem for real organizations. Undergraduate sociology and master's level social work students engaged in the experience during their regular course work. Their instructors coached them through the process. At the conclusion of the project, they reflected on the process and what they learned. These student reflection papers were analyzed using both a deductive and inductive approach. We found three themes present in these reflection papers: skill development, deeper understanding, and meaningful experience. We conclude our paper by describing how instructors can incorporate aspects of this project into their own classrooms.

Published
2023

33. On the Problems of Violence and Civility: Rethinking Transformative Powers of Adult Education.

Author

Lukenchuk, Antonina

Abstract

The nature of violence and civility were explored from sociological and philosophical perspectives to contextualize violence and civility in terms of their implications for the theory and practice of adult education. The exploration focused on the following topics: (1) the nature of violence and civility and their relevance to contemporary realities; (2) the nature of violence in relation to the problem of good and evil; and (3) the question of whether the "axis of evil" is myth or reality. The terrorism of September 11th was deemed a form of violence that, although illegitimate, was justifiable by those who committed it for the purpose of interrupting civil order in the United States. It was argued that our best hope for counteracting the evil that led to the violence of the September 11th attacks lies in working to transform life through active participation in a civil society. Adult education was seen as a vehicle for nurturing transformation of life by actively engaging individuals in thinking and acting according to constructive powers of reason. Adult educators were urged to think and act wisely and to exercise their transformative powers. (14 references) (MN)

Published
2002

37. From Paper to Screen: Encouraging Theory of Sociology through Sosiopedia by Heutagogy Approach.

Author

Perguna, Luhung Achmad, Idris, and Widianto, Ahmad Arif

Subjects
MOBILE learning, SOCIAL theory, SOCIOLOGY, SMARTPHONES, ARTIFICIAL intelligence, DISRUPTIVE innovations
Abstract

The advance of increasingly sophisticated technology, in the industrial revolution 4.0 era, led to the patterns of digital economy, artificial intelligence, big data, and robotic, referred as the phenomenon of disruptive innovation. This change was addressed by the University in how the learning process was carried out and how students learned. This study aims to develop a mobile learning application "Sosiopedia", which tries to offer a fundamental change in the process of learning paper to the screen, smart phones. The heutagogy approach was chosen to provide easy access to various information indirectly (asynchronous). This approach offers freedom for learners to determine by themselves the way how they learn. Meanwhile, for the development method, the research and development (R&D) was used along with the Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate model or 4D. Furthermore, sociological theory was chosen as the material in this development. Media and material validation in this research showed that product development was excellent and worth proving. In addition, Sosiopedia developed encourage student to motivate in learning sociology rather than in conventional approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

39. Identity in Forms: Paper Technologies in Dutch Anthropometric Practices Around 1900

Author

Saskia Bultman, Geertje Mak, NL-Lab, and ASH (FGw)

Subjects
History, media_common.quotation_subject, Theory of Forms, paper identity, Identity (social science), lcsh:A, Prison, Registration system, Knowledge-based systems, Categories Contested, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), 0601 history and archaeology, Sociology, anthropometry, Bertillon, praxiography, racial science, reform schools, science studies, media_common, Europe in a Changing World, anthropometry, 060101 anthropology, praxiography, 060102 archaeology, business.industry, New guinea, 06 humanities and the arts, Anthropometry, Public relations, Child protection, paper technology, forms, lcsh:General Works, business
Abstract

This article analyses anthropometric forms used in three different Dutch contexts around 1900: an expedition in Dutch New Guinea, the Dutch police and prison registration system, where ‘Bertillonage’ was used to identify recidivist criminals, and a state-owned reform school for girls. The authors identify the loose form as an innovative ‘paper technology’ within anthropometry that opened up entirely new ways of linking bodies to identities and was critically important in inscribing bodies into knowledge systems. The article demonstrates how this crucial innovation within anthropometry took shape in practice. In order to show the techniques through which the inscription of bodies into knowledge systems took place, the article demonstrates how the forms organized, standardized and directed measuring practices and prepared the data for further use in filing systems. Moreover, it draws attention to the tension between the forms’ potential and actual practices. The article concludes by considering the ways these forms were filed and used as ‘data’ by judicial authorities, child protection professionals and racial and criminological scientists, each of whom produced different forms of ‘paper identity’ and whose anthropometric practices enacted different bodies.

Published
2019

40. Pedagogical and Intercultural Facets in an International Students' Research Training Program in Times of Pandemic: A Case Study on 'The 'Intersections' of Gender, Family, and Society in Kyrgyzstan'

Author

Schrader, Heiko, Gorborukova, Galina, and Mamatova, Makhinur

Abstract

This paper discusses the conception of a joint intercultural students' research program of one German and two Kyrgyzstani teachers and students from the Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg (Germany) and the American University of Central Asia (Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan). The paper conceptualizes such a research training program and gives reference to qualitative methods teaching in the two corresponding universities. What follows is a description of the chosen research topic: "The 'Intersections' of Gender, Family, and Society in Kyrgyzstan" and the course program. With different academic cultures concerning research ethics in the Anglo-Saxon and continental European contexts, a challenge for such a program will be addressed. A short review of the research results of the different students' teams is provided, and the paper is finalized with a self-reflection upon such a joint intercultural undertaking.

Published
2022

41. Teaching Inequality in Brazil: A Study Abroad Exploration of Race, Class, Gender, Sexuality, and Geography

Author

Brito, Edvan P. and Barnum, Anthony J.

Abstract

This paper presents and analyzes a case study of a five-week study abroad course called "Inequality in Brazil: An exploration of race, class, gender, sexuality, and geography." The course was constructed to teach social inequality in the context of Brazil by using place-based and experiential learning within the framework of critical pedagogy (Freire, 1989). By examining inequality through the lens of culture and geography, students were empowered to become "student-teachers" in their explorations of race, class, gender, and sexuality as they linked theory to practice and lived experience. This paper provides an example of how study abroad can be used to teach about issues of inequality by partnering with community members to build learning environments where students and community members can all benefit.

Published
2022

42. Research Workshop Collected Paper: Explorations in concepts and the visual arts

Author

Frances Liddell, Marco Pini, Racelar Ho, Sarah Vollmer, and Graham Diprose

Subjects
Publishing, business.industry, Media studies, Mainstream, Sociology, Early career, Concept art, business, Mental health, Full paper
Abstract

The EVA London Research Workshop is one of the more unique elements of our Conference that we have been keen to develop over many years. Often Postgraduate Students, at Masters or PhD level, or Unaffiliated Early Career Artists may feel excluded from prestigious conferences until their research is completed and they can submit a full paper proposal. However, over many years, EVA London has recognised the importance of offering an almost unique opportunity to submit projects that can be truly described as ‘Work in Progress’. With an audience of International Academics and acknowledged experts in a field, the Research Workshop presentations have often lead to very positive interest and support, and sometimes to future collaborations. Others return to EVA London a year or two later with a completed piece of Research and a successful Full Conference Proposal. In previous years the presentations have been very popular with all of our delegates and we are delighted to include all of the presentations as part of our mainstream July 2021 Online conference. Although we will once again miss some of the informal networking opportunities, we have, as always, selected an exciting, ground breaking and quite eclectic group of RW delegates. We hope that by publishing their papers here, either grouped together, or individually published, some of you will be keen to contact our RW authors, to discuss and develop their ideas further.

Published
2021

43. Professional orality as a special field of knowledge in teacher education – a position paper

Author

Kristin Solli Schøien and Anna-Lena Østern

Subjects
Educational model, the teacher person, Orality, Relational communication, Performative utterance, basic arts educational model, Teacher education, professional orality, performative and aesthetic approach, ethical integrity, lcsh:Education (General), Education, Transformative learning, Pedagogy, Position paper, Sociology, lcsh:L7-991, Competence (human resources)
Abstract

An important part of teachers’ work constitutes being seen, heard and understood in communicative practice in encounters with pupils, colleagues and parents. This performative relational communication practice is a cross-disciplinary competence, which, independent of subject, is of great importance for the performance of pedagogical practice. The teaching profession is a phonic profession, and personal expression through language, voice, body, gaze and face is of decisive importance in a teacher’s daily work. In this position paper the elements of this competence are described. The authors identify and make visible how it can be trained, developed and learnt. They make an argument for professional orality (PO) as a transdisciplinary field of knowledge and compound competence in need of exploration and research. Based on a review of relevant research the authors outline three perspectives on teaching and research in the field of knowledge connected to PO: ethics, teaching and learning of PO with a performative and aesthetic approach, and adults’ transformative learning. The characteristics of training of PO are illustrated through development of a basic arts educational model. In the conclusion the challenges regarding developing a vocabulary for the teaching and learning of PO are presented, and the distinct areas in need of exploration and research are acknowledged. Norwegian Abstract Norwegian title: Profesjonell muntlighet som spesifikt kunnskapsfelt i laererutdanning - en posisjoneringsartikkel En viktig del av laereres arbeid bestar av a bli sett, hort og forstatt i en kommunikativ praksis i mote med elever, kolleger og foreldre. Denne utovende relasjonelle kommunikasjonspraksisen er en fagovergripende kompetanse som, uavhengig av fag, er av stor betydning for utovelsen av pedagogisk praksis. Laereryrket er et fonisk yrke, og det personlige uttrykket gjennom sprak, stemme, kropp, blikk og ansikt er avgjorende for laererens daglige virke. Gjennom a identifisere og beskrive hvilke delferdigheter denne uttrykkskompetansen bestar av, og synliggjore hvordan de kan utvikles, laeres og trenes, argumenterer forfatterne for profesjonell muntlighet (PMU) som et transdisiplinaert felt og en samlet kompetanse som trenger a utforskes. Relevant forskning knyttet til delomrader av muntlig uttrykk presenteres. Basert pa forskningsoversikten skisserer forfatterne tre perspektiv pa undervisning og forskning innenfor det kunnskapsfelt PMU horer til: et etisk perspektiv, en performativ og estetisk tilnaerming til didaktikk i PMU, og et laeringsperspektiv knyttet til voksnes transformative laering. En grunnleggende kunstdidaktisk modell presenteres for trening av muntlige uttrykksferdigheter. I konklusjonen presenteres utfordringer knyttet til a utvikle vokabular for undervisning og laering av PMU, og omrader som behover undersokes og forskes pa anerkjennes.

Published
2019

44. Value supported decision-making in paper conservation: Research announcement

Author

Márcia Almada and Spiros Zervos

Subjects
Value-led conservation, Conceptos, media_common.quotation_subject, Context (language use), Valores em conservação-restauração, Historical evidence, Terminology, Scarcity, conservación de documentos gráficos, Conceitos, Valores en conservación-restauración, Regional science, Conservação de documentos gráficos, Tomada de decisões, Sociology, Value (mathematics), Paper conservation, Toma de decisiones, media_common, Diversity (politics), Decision-making, Concepts
Abstract

This research announcement outlines the fundamentals, initial reflections, objectives, and methodology of a research project developed jointly by the University of West Attica, Greece, and the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil. It presents the variability of the concept of value in the context of the preservation of cultural assets, the diversity of the terminology and the scarcity of specific discussions in the area of paper conservation. It outlines the conceptual contribution based on the relationship between values, historical evidence, and layers of data in cultural objects, as well as on the impact of conservation procedures on their interconnections. Finally, this article supports both the societal and material approach to decision-making in preservation and conservation through the interdisciplinary investigation of paper-based objects to understand them as complex artefacts. El presente artículo describe la fundamentación, reflexiones iniciales, objetivos y metodología de un proyecto de investigación desarrollado entre la Universidad West Attica, Atenas, Grecia, y la Universidad Federal de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Aborda la variabilidad del concepto de valor en el contexto de preservación del patrimonio, la diversidad de la terminología y la escasez de discusiones específicas en el área de conservación de papel. Presenta una contribución conceptual basada en la relación entre valores, evidencias históricas y de datos/informaciones presentes en objetos culturales, así como en el impacto de procedimientos de conservación en dichos datos. Los autores defienden el abordaje social y material para la toma de decisiones en relación a la preservación de la complejidad en los artefactos gráficos. Este artigo descreve os fundamentos, reflexões iniciais, objetivos e metodologia de um projeto de pesquisa desenvolvido em conjunto pela University of West Attica, Grécia, e pela Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Apresenta a variabilidade do conceito de valor no contexto da preservação dos bens culturais, a diversidade da terminologia e a escassez de discussões específicas na área da conservação de papel. Delineia a contribuição conceitual baseada na relação entre valores, evidências históricas e camadas de dados em objetos culturais, bem como no impacto dos procedimentos de conservação nestas camadas. Finalmente, o artigo apoia a abordagem social e material para a tomada de decisão em preservação e conservação por meio da investigação interdisciplinar de documentos gráficos, compreendendo-os como artefatos complexos.

Published
2021

45. Cultivating the Sociological Imagination: Fostering Inclusive and Democratic Classrooms

Author

Andrew B. Jones

Abstract

This paper advocates for the integration of the 'sociological imagination', as proposed by the sociologist C. Wright Mills, into pedagogical practices to foster inclusive and democratic classrooms. Departing from narrow evidence-based approaches, it explores how the sociological imagination connects personal experiences with broader societal structures, enhancing critical thinking and social awareness among students. Practical strategies for implementation across diverse subjects are discussed, emphasising its potential to empower school-age students as agents of social change amidst contemporary challenges.

Published
2024

48. The methodology behind digital papers

Author

Catherine Gough-Brady, Abbatescianni, Davide, and Connell, Dan

Subjects
Essay film, 05 social sciences, 050801 communication & media studies, documentary practice, lcsh:Visual arts, General Medicine, Audio-visual medium, lcsh:N1-9211, digital paper, Visual arts, Digital paper, 0508 media and communications, Documentary practice, essay film, 0502 economics and business, Creative practice methodology, Sociology, creative practice methodology, 050203 business & management, audio-visual medium
Abstract

In 2015 Ross Gibson wrote about the need in the academy for “linguistic explication” of the artwork and creative process, in particular to encourage debate on knowledge that arises from the work. I began my creative practice PhD after spending twenty years as a successful documentary practitioner. When it was time to start writing about my research and the new knowledge, instead of using text I turned to the audiovisual medium as my method of communication. I created “Filming” (2017), which combines the theory-rich mode of academic papers with the audio-visual form of my art, documentary. I called it a “digital paper”. The digital paper form has become an integral part of my PhD. This hybrid creative practice uses my artform medium as my method of communicating Gibson’s “linguistic explication”, rather than using text alone. This report will locate the digital paper within my PhD practice.

Published
2019

49. Hispanic Serving Institution Student Success during a Pandemic

Author

Flores, Sylvia L., Flores, Luis A., and Harris, Crystal

Abstract

The Pandemic has affected the success rates among students in Higher Education. In general, Higher Education success rates are typically lower among minority groups. Considering the Pandemic effects in Hispanic Serving Institutions, this research study will focus on understanding the impact of the pandemic on currently enrolled undergraduate students in a Hispanic Serving Institutions and how technology may have played a role in their success. A qualitative approach will be used. Specifically, researchers interviewed 7 students whom were currently enrolled in a Hispanic Serving Institution in a Sociology class. The data will be analyzed using a grounded theory approach. Findings showed students saw technology as a contributing factor towards their success, the pandemic positively impacted their lives with the increase of flexible schedules, and males mentioned more barriers for success with high rates of struggling with anxiety. These data imply the need for a department focused on helping students succeed. Specifically, a department focused on providing all the resources needed by students in a Hispanic Serving Institution. These needs were amplified after the pandemic. [For the full proceedings, see ED631133.]

Published
2022