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Keywords: Arteries; Blood Vessels; Health and Medicine; Inflammation EN Arteries Blood Vessels Health and Medicine Inflammation 798 798 1 07/31/23 20230731 NES 230731 2023 JUL 31 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Cardiovascular Week -- Investigators discuss new findings in blood vessels. For more information on this research see: The importance of microvascular inflammation in ageing and age-related diseases: a position paper from the ESH working group on small arteries, section of microvascular inflammation. [Extracted from the article]

This paper models the spread of an SIR-epidemic with infection age in a heterogeneous complex network and the basic reproduction number is obtained. Next, the accuracy of the main results is confirmed in simulations. Finally, we focus on the impact of infection age on the spread of the disease and show that the recovery time distribution has a significant effect on the disease dynamics. When the recovery time conforms to Uniform distribution or unimodal Gamma distribution, keeping the mean unchanged and increasing the variance will reduce the peak point, the final cumulative epidemic incidence and the basic reproduction number, and will increase the epidemic duration. Furthermore, we show the different effects of different distributions. Compared with the unimodal Gamma distribution with an expectation of 1 and a variance less than 1, the unimodal Weibull distributions with the same expectation and variance bring the greater peaks and the greater cumulative epidemic incidences. Beyond the above facts, we try to explain the reasons behind them. • We establish a SIR model with infection age in a heterogeneous networks. • We derive the basic reproduction number of this model. • We focus on the impact of infection age on the spread of the disease. • We find the effects of the infection age and try to explain why. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a multiscale rationale is applied to develop a bottom-up modelling strategy for analysing the elasto-damage response of osteons, resulting in a first step towards a refined mechanical description of cortical bone tissue at the macroscale. Main structural features over multiple length scales are encompassed. A single osteon is described by considering a multi-layered arrangement of cylindrical lamellae and accounting for both lacunar micro-voids and thin interlamellar regions, these latter modelled as soft interfaces. A multi-step homogenization procedure has been conceived and numerically applied to describe the equivalent mechanical response of osteon constituents, upscaling dominant subscale mechanisms. A progressive stress-based damage approach has been implemented via a finite-element technique, allowing to describe interlaminar and/or intralaminar brittle failure modes. Proposed approach has been successfully validated by numerically reproducing available experimental tests of isolated osteons under different loading conditions. Present histologically-oriented multiscale model revealed to be sound and consistent, opening towards further insights about the influence on bone biomechanics of through-the-scales biophysical/biochemical alterations, possibly related to ageing or diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new report from researchers at the University of Montpellier provides a historical view and commentary on the challenges posed by Chagas disease. The disease, which was discovered over a century ago, continues to be a global health concern, particularly in Latin America. The report highlights advancements in diagnostics and treatment strategies, but also discusses ongoing challenges such as vector control, congenital transmission, and socioeconomic barriers to effective management. The researchers emphasize the need for a multidisciplinary approach, enhanced diagnostics, improved treatment accessibility, sustained vector control efforts, and increased funding to reduce the impact of Chagas disease. [Extracted from the article]

The article provides information on the several medical condition such as chronic disease and obesity, which is associated with human metabolism system. It mentions the views of Herman Pontzer, associate professor at Duke university in North Carolina, U.S., on the benefits of maintaining number of calories for healthy metabolism. It also mentions paper published in Science by Pontzer and other authors on the same.

The article discusses The clinical diagnostic criteria for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) have been in existence in various forms since 1968. Still, all versions have emphasized—to varying degrees—problems with inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity as being central to the disorder or at least to its behavioral and cognitive manifestations.

Apollo Health Ventures has positioned itself to place a fresh round of bets on age-related disease biotechs, raising $180 million to funnel into companies targeting everything from cardiovascular conditions to neurodegenerative diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) research, which include Maternal Diabetes linked to risk for Neurodevelopmental Disorders; and risk with effect of exposure to Anesthesia or Abdominal Surgery .

A research study conducted by Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia explores the potential of tocotrienols, a type of vitamin E, in preventing and treating musculoskeletal diseases in aging individuals. The study highlights the importance of maintaining musculoskeletal health in the elderly population, as age-related changes can lead to reduced mobility, increased risk of falls, and discomfort. Tocotrienols demonstrate exceptional antioxidant capabilities and show promise in mitigating inflammation and oxidative stress associated with musculoskeletal disorders. The research emphasizes the significance of tocotrienols in enhancing musculoskeletal health and overall well-being in the context of age-related health concerns. [Extracted from the article]

Macau, People's Republic of China, Asia, Neurodegenerative Diseases and Conditions, University of Macau Keywords: Macau; People's Republic of China; Asia; Neurodegenerative Diseases and Conditions; University of Macau EN Macau People's Republic of China Asia Neurodegenerative Diseases and Conditions University of Macau Investigators publish new report on Neurodegenerative Diseases and Conditions. [Extracted from the article]

The article focuses on the implication of age in determining the rates of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), referencing the report on the study published in the "Journal of Applied Psychology." Topics include the aspects of the attitudes and feelings among ASD patients according to their ages, the analyses of the experiences in the workplace among ASD patients, and the implication of early diagnosis on their attitudes toward social interaction.

The article offers tips for preventing and treating age-related conditions including pelvic muscle tears, bad breath, and heavy sweating. Topics discussed include contracting the muscles in pelvis to prevent leak, using a mouthwash with zinc and cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) to treat bad breath, and using skin-lightening cream to prevent brown spots. Also mentioned are stress urinary incontinence and a study on accidental bowel leakage (ABL).

The article focuses on a study which reveals that gum deterioration, which occurs with increasing age, is associated with a drop in the level of a protein called Del-1.

The hearing threshold for low frequency (LF) tones was measured in a pressure field to investigate the effects of ageing on hearing sensitivity. Participants were young adults around 20 years old and older adults over 60. Measurement results showed that the older listeners had a higher threshold, on average, than the young listeners. The difference of median thresholds between these two groups was about 10 dB at every measurement frequency. Furthermore, hearing abnormalities other than age-related hearing loss showed no great effect upon the LF thresholds. Comparison of LF thresholds and audiograms (i.e. mid and high frequency hearing) of the older listeners revealed only moderate correlation between them. These results suggest that older people retain good hearing sensitivity in the LF region, in contrast to their often-degraded sensitivity at higher frequencies. Therefore, in LF noise evaluation, we should carefully regard the possibility that older listeners can perceive a low level LF noise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reports on the role of work-related stress in the development of musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) based on a study conducted by the academics at the University of Surrey in England. Impact of age, gender and negative moods on the development of the disease; Implication of work-related stress and MSD according to study author doctor Jason Devereux; Need for cultural change in organisations to avoid stressors in the workplace.

The article presents answers to various questions about childhood leukemia. The condition accounts for approximately 30% of childhood cancers in the U.S. Acute leukemia is described by the predominance of highly immature white-blood cell (WBC) precursors, while chronic leukemia is characterized by proliferation of relatively mature WBC. Age influence the incidence of the forms of leukemia. A leukemia cell proliferates rapidly, does not differentiate and is resistant to apoptosis. It also has the tendency to spread throughout the body and infiltrate organs other than marrow.

Focuses on the age-related factors contributing to urinary incontinence (UI). Causes of transient UI; Drugs causing UI; Treatment of UI.

This section presents overviews of research studies published in diabetes-oriented journals. J. Lindström et al. assessed the effect of an intensive lifestyle intervention on the prevention of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in people at high risk. A 10-year follow-up of intensive glucose control in T2D patients was conducted by R. R. Holman et al. The effects of supervised exercise on lipid profiles and blood pressure control in people with T2D are examined by Y. Hayashino et al.

The article discusses the safety of breast reconstruction after mastectomy for older women. It states that age alone should not be a contraindication for breast reconstruction in elderly women, according to a study in "The American Surgeon." Doctor Marco Harmaty says that women's quality of life can be improved after breast reconstruction in comparison with age-matched individuals who do not undergo reconstruction.

The article reports on the common age of the end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients to undergo renal replacement therapy (RRT) in Canada. According to the Canada Organ Replacement Register (CORR), the age of the ESRD patients to initiate RRT is already increasing. According to nephrologists Louise Moist, the scheme indicates that ESRD dialysis is becoming stable.

The article presents a study on the validity of groups of adults that do not meet the DSM-IV's age of onset criterion for the diagnosis of ADHD. Since such a diagnosis requires evidence of onset in a child of seven years or younger, assessments of adults are complicated by retrospective symptom assessment. The study concludes that the DSM-IV age of onset criterion is too stringent at age 7, and that future research is needed to find more appropriate criterion.

Eating plenty of fruit may protect against a severe form of age-related macular degeneration (ARMD), a sight-robbing eye disease common in older people, according to a new study from Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston. Researchers examined the effect of antioxidant vitamins A, C and E, carotenoids, fruits and vegetables on the development of early ARMD or a more severe form of the illness, which frequently involves vision loss, in more than 77,000 middle-aged and older women and nearly 41,000 men. Food intake was collected periodically during eight to 14 years of follow-up.