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The article discusses research on the use of natural language processing (NLP) to mine data from electronic medical records. The article discusses a paper by Søren Brunak in the journal "Computational Biology" which examined how structured disease definition codes and free-text analysis could be used to discover comorbidities and examine links between diseases. The article discusses the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), a system used for the description of diseases, and looks at a paper by the biomedical informatics professor S. Trent Rosenbloom in the "Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association" on how computer-based documentation can be used by health care providers.

False or unverified information spreads just like accurate information on the web, thus possibly going viral and influencing the public opinion and its decisions. Fake news and rumours represent the most popular forms of false and unverified information, respectively, and should be detected as soon as possible for avoiding their dramatic effects. The interest in effective detection techniques has been therefore growing very fast in the last years. In this paper we survey the different approaches to automatic detection of fake news and rumours proposed in the recent literature. In particular, we focus on five main aspects. First, we report and discuss the various definitions of fake news and rumours that have been considered in the literature. Second, we highlight how the collection of relevant data for performing fake news and rumours detection is problematic and we present the various approaches, which have been adopted to gather these data, as well as the publicly available datasets. Third, we describe the features that have been considered in fake news and rumour detection approaches. Fourth, we provide a comprehensive analysis on the various techniques used to perform rumour and fake news detection. Finally, we identify and discuss future directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The wide usage of relational databases motivated researchers to develop more user friendly interfaces which would allow a larger population of users to access databases. Such interfaces range from visual to natural language based. This paper contributes a question driven query model which falls under the natural language based category. The proposed model supports fuzziness where every user is given the freedom to define his/her own understanding of fuzzy terms. The developed system captures the fuzzy understanding of each user to utilize it while deciding on the result to be communicated back as answer to a raised question. Data mining techniques are employed to guide users in defining their fuzzy understanding. The developed model is intended to help users to retrieve data from a relational database without expecting them to know SQL. The system handles different types of questions, including (1) simple questions, (2) complex questions with inner joins and where conditions, (3) questions that involve usage of aggregate functions (e.g., min, max, etc.), and (4) questions with fuzzy terms. The reported test results demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of the developed system in handling various types of questions raised by a heterogeneous set of users ranging from professional to naive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]