1,802 results
Search Results
2. Editorial: Digital linguistic biomarkers: beyond paper and pencil tests, volume II
- Author
-
Jon Andoni Duñabeitia, Dimitrios Kokkinakis, and Gloria Gagliardi
- Subjects
linguistic biomarkers ,cognitive evaluation ,aging ,paper and pencil ,cognitive test ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Autism spectrum disorder in the workplace: a position paper to support an inclusive and neurodivergent approach to work participation and engagement
- Author
-
Kathy Zhou, Bushra Alam, Ali Bani-Fatemi, Aaron Howe, Vijay Kumar Chattu, and Behdin Nowrouzi-Kia
- Subjects
Autism spectrum disorder ,Employment outcomes ,Family support ,Transitional needs ,Employer capacity ,Workplace accommodations ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
Abstract Autistic individuals often experience a wide range of barriers and challenges with employment across their lifetime. Despite their strengths and abilities to contribute to the workforce, many individuals experience unemployment, underemployment and malemployment. However, current supports and services are often inadequate to meet their needs. To allow autistic people to achieve vocational success, we explore four contributors to employment and expand upon the issues and potential solutions to each. These positions include the importance of family support and its consideration in the application of vocational support interventions, addressing transitional needs for autistic youth, building employer capacity, and conducting research that advises the development of meaningful programs and policies. By advocating for these positions, we aim to foster greater inclusivity and support for individuals with ASD in the workplace.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. The relevance of the contribution of psychoneuroendocrinoimmunology and psychology of reasoning and decision making to nursing science: A discursive paper.
- Author
-
Milani, Alessandra, Saiani, Luisa, Misurelli, Eliana, Lacapra, Silvana, Pravettoni, Gabriella, Magon, Giorgio, and Mazzocco, Ketti
- Subjects
- *
PREVENTION of medical errors , *MEDICAL logic , *NURSING theory , *NURSE-patient relationships , *AUTOIMMUNE thyroiditis , *NURSING care plans , *NURSING assessment , *DECISION making in clinical medicine , *PROBLEM solving , *PSYCHOLOGY , *PHILOSOPHY of nursing , *HIP joint , *NURSING practice , *PAIN , *CONCEPTUAL structures , *PSYCHONEUROIMMUNOLOGY , *HIP osteoarthritis , *PSYCHOLOGY of nurses - Abstract
Aim: Patients' death or adverse events appear to be associated with poor healthcare decision‐making. This might be due to an inability to have an adequate representation of the problem or of the connections among problem‐related elements. Changing how a problem is formulated can reduce biases in clinical reasoning. The purpose of this article is to explore the possible contributions of psychoneuroendocrinoimmunology (PNEI) and psychology of reasoning and decision‐making (PRDM) to support a new nursing theoretical frame. Design: Discursive paper. Method: This article discusses the main assumptions about nursing and nurses' ability to face patient's problems, suggesting a new approach that integrates knowledge from PNEI and PRDM. While PNEI explains the complexity of systems, highlighting the importance of systems connections in affecting health, PRDM underlines the importance of the informative context in creating a mental representation of the problem. Furthermore, PRDM suggests the need to pay attention to information that is not immediately explicit and its connections. Conclusion: Nursing recognizes the patient–nurse relationship as the axiom that governs care. The integration of PNEI and PRDM in nursing theoretics allows the expansion of the axiom by providing essential elements to read a new type of relationship: the relationship among information. PNEI explains the relationships between biological systems and the psyche and between the whole individual and the environment; PRDM provides tools for the nurse's analytical thinking system to correctly process information and its connections. Impact on Nursing Practice: A theoretical renewal is mandatory to improve nursing reasoning and nursing priority identification. Integrating PNEI and PRDM into nursing theoretics will modify the way professionals approach patients, reducing cognitive biases and medical errors. No Patient or Public Contribution: There was no patient or public involvement in the design or writing of this discursive article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. ISC psychology exam postponed due to lost question paper packet: CISCE
- Subjects
Psychology - Abstract
March 27 -- The Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE) on Tuesday postponed the 2024 ISC psychology examination that was slated on Wednesday March 27 as one of [...]
- Published
- 2024
6. Data from the Paper Entitled 'Application of a Bayesian Approach for Exploring the Impact of Syllable Frequency in Handwritten Picture Naming'
- Author
-
Cyril Perret and Clara Solier
- Subjects
handwritten production ,response syllables ,error production ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
The data presented here comes from the Perret and Solier (2022) study. 30 participants handwrote labels for 150 black-and-white drawings. The experiment was carried out using the DmDx program. Response times and production errors were the two behavioral reported measures. DmDx scripts and data are available on the OSF platform (DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/GAZF3). These data should be useful for pre-testing to explore new hypotheses, as well as for methodological elements (e.g., sample size estimation, estimation of a priori distributions for Bayesian analyses).
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. A registered report survey of open research practices in psychology departments in the UK and Ireland.
- Author
-
Silverstein P, Pennington CR, Branney P, O'Connor DB, Lawlor E, O'Brien E, and Lynott D
- Subjects
- Humans, United Kingdom, Ireland, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Universities, Adult, Female, Research Personnel psychology, Research Design, Pre-Registration Publication, Psychology
- Abstract
Open research practices seek to enhance the transparency and reproducibility of research. While there is evidence of increased uptake in these practices, such as study preregistration and open data, facilitated by new infrastructure and policies, little research has assessed general uptake of such practices across psychology university researchers. The current study estimates psychologists' level of engagement in open research practices across universities in the United Kingdom and Ireland, while also assessing possible explanatory factors that may impact their engagement. Data were collected from 602 psychology researchers in the United Kingdom and Ireland on the extent to which they have implemented various practices (e.g., use of preprints, preregistration, open data, open materials). Here we present the summarized descriptive results, as well as considering differences between various categories of researcher (e.g., career stage, subdiscipline, methodology), and examining the relationship between researcher's practices and their self-reported capability, opportunity, and motivation (COM-B) to engage in open research practices. Results show that while there is considerable variability in engagement of open research practices, differences across career stage and subdiscipline of psychology are small by comparison. We observed consistent differences according to respondent's research methodology and based on the presence of institutional support for open research. COM-B dimensions were collectively significant predictors of engagement in open research, with automatic motivation emerging as a consistently strong predictor. We discuss these findings, outline some of the challenges experienced in this study, and offer suggestions and recommendations for future research. Estimating the prevalence of responsible research practices is important to assess sustained behaviour change in research reform, tailor educational training initiatives, and to understand potential factors that might impact engagement., (© 2024 The Authors. British Journal of Psychology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The British Psychological Society.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Systematic Review of Conference papers in Social Psychology (stage 1 protocol revision 1) (Updated June 18, 2024)
- Subjects
Psychology ,Mental health ,Conferences and conventions ,Health - Abstract
2024 JUL 5 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Health & Medicine Week -- According to news reporting based on a preprint abstract, our journalists obtained the [...]
- Published
- 2024
9. Systematic Review of Conference papers in Social Psychology (Updated June 18, 2024)
- Subjects
Psychology ,Mental health ,Conferences and conventions ,Health - Abstract
2024 JUL 5 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Health & Medicine Week -- According to news reporting based on a preprint abstract, our journalists obtained the [...]
- Published
- 2024
10. Exposing the Hazards of Teaching 19th Century Genetic Science
- Author
-
Jason McCartney
- Abstract
Science should provide students an accurate and contemporary education on genetic influence, particularly how it impacts trait variability and developmental norms. Stories involving familial, racial, and sexual differences routinely appear in the popular media and sales of over-the-counter genetic tests are mounting. Unfortunately, research suggests genetic curricula in secondary education and university courses have little impact on genetic literacy; instead they appear to amplify genetic essentialism. This position paper reports on genetic essentialism, the impact of three components of science education (teachers, students, curriculum), and critiques existing genetic lessons in two prevalent scientific disciplines, biology and psychology. Two entrenched 19th century genetic paradigms (e.g., Mendelian inheritance and behavioral genetics) are specifically examined. The paper closes with specific recommendations for improving students' genetic literacy including important contemporary genetic science (e.g., epigenetics) and instructional approaches (e.g., learning progression, refutational teaching).
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Psychoanalytical Perspective of Shakespeare's Characters in Love
- Author
-
M. Malathy and Senthil Kumar Sivamathiah
- Abstract
This paper delves into the intricate realm of Shakespearean characters in love, employing a psychoanalytical lens to unravel the depths of their emotions, desires, and conflicts. Drawing on psychoanalytic theories, particularly those of Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung, this paper aims to dissect the subconscious motivations and psychological intricacies of characters such as Romeo and Juliet, Orsino and Viola, and other iconic figures. Through this analysis, the paper seeks to offer a nuanced understanding of how Shakespeare masterfully crafted characters whose emotional journeys resonate with universal human experiences. In addition to exploring the psychoanalytical aspects of Shakespearean characters' love, this paper also investigates the socio-cultural influences shaping their romantic dynamics. By examining the historical context in which these plays were written and performed, it aims to illuminate the ways in which societal norms and expectations intersect with individual psychology to influence characters' behaviors and choices. Furthermore, it analyzes how Shakespeare's portrayal of love reflects broader themes of power, gender, and identity, shedding light on the complex interplay between personal desire and societal constraints in Renaissance England. Through this multidimensional approach, it endeavors to provide a comprehensive examination of Shakespearean love that resonates with contemporary audiences while honoring the timeless brilliance of the Bard's storytelling.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Linking Positive Psychology with Reciprocal Action Learning
- Author
-
Paul Lyons
- Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this paper, intended primarily for practitioners, is to demonstrate how features of psychological capital (PsyCap) may be combined with manager efforts to collaborate with an employee on an action learning project. In reciprocal action learning, manager and employee create a partnership to learn, achieve work-focused goals and advance their relationship. Initiatives aimed at positively stimulating employee assets and psychological or behavioral attributes can overlay the action learning process. Design/methodology/approach: A narrative synthesis was used to examine three sources of empirical research from organizational psychology and human resource management--reciprocity, action learning and PsyCap. Information was integrated to create a guide, a model for managers for use in considering options about how to structure employee and self-learning, as well as options for use in stimulating employee assets and PsyCap. Findings: The approach presented may serve as a practical guide for manager consideration. Research identifies several types of behaviors and activities intended to positively stimulate and reinforce the learning of both participants. The literature on PsyCap offers many initiatives for a manager to consider in assisting an employee to develop talent and positive attitudes. Such efforts have to be carefully tailored to the individual employee, the tasks at hand and the manager's own learning needs. Originality/value: The value of action learning is supported by a relatively large research base. The significance of PsyCap also has substantial support. Innovatively, this paper offers guidance to a manager in consideration of combining the attributes of both concepts to maximize positive effects on learning, personal growth, skill development and work achievement.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Approaching the Self: Alternative Perspectives of Selfwork in Education
- Author
-
Julie Allan and Valerie Harwood
- Abstract
In this paper we respond to this special issue's critical focus on mental health in education by considering the medicalised and homogenising approaches to the mental health of young people and the severely negative consequences for young people. Our argument is underpinned by the need to destabilise the hegemony of the current dominant discourses and practices of mental health used in education. The problem with these discourses and practices, informed by particular forms of psychiatry and psychology, is precisely their dominance and their popularised proxy take-up of these. We firstly outline this problem, explore the emergence and saturation of a 'damaged self' in education and consider the impact on young people. We offer counter-narratives that involve a reframing of the self in relation to ethics, politics, capability and the arts and can assist in countering the psy-dominance in education. The paper concludes with some reflections on how teachers might work against the damaging effects of the psy-disciplines and instead support young people in finding their counter-narrative selves.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Exploring the Role of Generic Competencies in Employability and Academic Performance of Students of Psychology
- Author
-
Teresa de Dios Alija, David Aguado García, and Noemy Martín Sanz
- Abstract
This paper analyses the relation between generic competencies of students of Psychology and their academic performance and employability. A sample of 43 students of Psychology in a Spanish university was used to measure their generic competencies, academic performance and employability. Correlational and regression tests were conducted to evaluate the relation between the variables. The generic competence 'adhering to principles and values' is positively related to employability, while the competencies 'achieve results/client satisfaction' and 'socialise and create networks' are positively related to academic performance. No significant relationship was found between academic performance and employability. Generic competencies favour both academic performance and employability. The competencies which influence only one of these aspects are different. Our research offers insights to teacher learning communities to engage in a profound reflection on the inclusion of methodologies that facilitate the development of competencies related to academic performance and those most in demand in the labour market within the field of Psychology. Generic competencies are essential part of the education of students of Psychology. These competencies are institutionally developed with the aim of orienting the education of psychologists towards their future professional practice. It is essential to understand how the development of generic competencies may facilitate academic performance and employability of graduates in Psychology.
- Published
- 2024
15. Psychology and white collar crime - compliance recommendations based on the social and psychological reality dictating perception
- Author
-
Teichmann, Fabian Maximilian Johannes and Wittmann, Chiara
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Perceptual constancy of pareidolias across paper and digital testing formats in neurodegenerative diseases.
- Subjects
ELECTRONIC paper ,NEURODEGENERATION ,CLINICAL health psychology ,LEWY body dementia ,CLINICAL psychology - Abstract
This article discusses a study on the use of a digital format for testing pareidolias, which are visual perceptual deficits where ambiguous shapes take on meaningful appearances. The study compared the results of paper-based and digital testing approaches on healthy controls and patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease, Dementia with Lewy body disease, and Parkinson's disease. The findings suggest that the illusionary phenomenon of pareidolia is consistent across both paper and digital modalities of testing, and that perceptual constancy is maintained across patient groups. The study also found that pareidolic misperceptions can be stabilized on a digital format, demonstrating a practical way of testing pareidolias on smartphones without compromising the functionality of the test. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
17. A field test of computer-vision-based gaze estimation in psychology.
- Author
-
Valtakari, Niilo V., Hessels, Roy S., Niehorster, Diederick C., Viktorsson, Charlotte, Nyström, Pär, Falck-Ytter, Terje, Kemner, Chantal, and Hooge, Ignace T. C.
- Subjects
GAZE ,COMPUTER science conferences ,TECHNICAL literature ,PSYCHOLOGY ,VIDEO recording ,CONFERENCE papers - Abstract
Computer-vision-based gaze estimation refers to techniques that estimate gaze direction directly from video recordings of the eyes or face without the need for an eye tracker. Although many such methods exist, their validation is often found in the technical literature (e.g., computer science conference papers). We aimed to (1) identify which computer-vision-based gaze estimation methods are usable by the average researcher in fields such as psychology or education, and (2) evaluate these methods. We searched for methods that do not require calibration and have clear documentation. Two toolkits, OpenFace and OpenGaze, were found to fulfill these criteria. First, we present an experiment where adult participants fixated on nine stimulus points on a computer screen. We filmed their face with a camera and processed the recorded videos with OpenFace and OpenGaze. We conclude that OpenGaze is accurate and precise enough to be used in screen-based experiments with stimuli separated by at least 11 degrees of gaze angle. OpenFace was not sufficiently accurate for such situations but can potentially be used in sparser environments. We then examined whether OpenFace could be used with horizontally separated stimuli in a sparse environment with infant participants. We compared dwell measures based on OpenFace estimates to the same measures based on manual coding. We conclude that OpenFace gaze estimates may potentially be used with measures such as relative total dwell time to sparse, horizontally separated areas of interest, but should not be used to draw conclusions about measures such as dwell duration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Researcher at University of Innsbruck Releases New Data on Experimental Psychology (Let's do it: Response times in Mental Paper Folding and its execution).
- Subjects
PAPER arts ,EXPERIMENTAL psychology ,STIMULUS & response (Psychology) ,RESEARCH personnel ,DATA release - Abstract
A recent study conducted at the University of Innsbruck in Austria explored the relationship between action imagery and action execution in experimental psychology. The researchers found that the performance of mental imagery and physical execution tasks were strongly correlated and decreased as the complexity of the task increased. The study also suggested that mental paper folding primarily involves dynamic visual representations rather than being associated with one's own movements. This research provides valuable insights into the cognitive processes involved in action imagery. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
19. Testing the Effects of a Utility Value Intervention in an Online Research Methods Course: A Conceptual Replication of Hulleman Et Al. (2017, Study 2)
- Author
-
Paul C. Price, Kiana Crisosto, Anthony Carvalho, Constance J. Jones, Meaghan McCready, Amber Shaver, and Andrea N. Wiemann
- Abstract
Background: Utility-value (UV) classroom interventions typically involve students completing assignments that involve writing about the usefulness of the course material. They are widely recommended and have received some empirical support. Objective: This study tested the effectiveness of a UV intervention in an online research methods course. It was a conceptual replication of a study by Hulleman et al. (2017, Study 2). Method: Students (N = 264) were randomly assigned to complete three assignments that required them to write about the usefulness of course material or three assignments that required them to summarize course material. The groups were compared in terms of their scores on a research methods knowledge test, their final papers, their final exams, and their final point totals, along with measures of the interestingness and usefulness of the course material. Results: There were no differences between conditions on any of the outcome variables. Conclusion: The UV intervention was ineffective. Further research is needed to establish the conditions under which such interventions are and are not effective. Teaching Implications: UV interventions do not necessarily improve student performance. Instructors who use them should consider doing so in a way that allows for an assessment of their effect in their local context.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. The digital transformation in the psychology of workplace spirituality
- Author
-
Walter, Yoshija
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. The impact of relationship management on manufacturer resilience in emergencies
- Author
-
Yang, Jianhua, Liu, Yuying, and Kholaif, Moustafa Mohamed Nazief Haggag Kotb
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. The logical inconsistency of the model and experiment presented in the paper of Busemeyer and Wang "Is there a problem with quantum models of psychological measurements?" (Updated June 20, 2024).
- Abstract
According to a preprint abstract, the methodology and formalism of quantum theory have been applied in various fields outside of physics, including cognition, psychology, decision making, social science, finance, and AI. However, the combination of the question order effect (QOE) and response replicability effect (RRE) in psychological measurements challenges the possibility of quantum-like modeling of human judgments. The authors of the abstract argue that the claims made by Busemeyer and Wang regarding QOE and RRE are logically inconsistent, and suggest that more advanced methods of quantum measurement theory should be employed in quantum-like modeling. This preprint has not been peer-reviewed. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
23. Religion, personality traits and the nature of entrepreneurial activities: insights from Scottish Muslim entrepreneurs
- Author
-
Rahman, Md Zillur, Ullah, Farid, and Thompson, Piers
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. How generative artificial intelligence has blurred notions of authorial identity and academic norms in higher education, necessitating clear university usage policies
- Author
-
Duah, James Ewert and McGivern, Paul
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. How Does the Curriculum Contribute to the Experiences of Belongingness in Higher Education?
- Author
-
Alende Amisi, Elizabeth A. Bates, and Susan J. Wilbraham
- Abstract
This paper is a critical discussion about how the curriculum contributes to the sense of belonginess within Higher Education (HE), and how the ongoing aim of decolonisation needs to incorporate a more consistent intersectional lens with the curriculum within psychology. Psychology as a discipline has been criticised for its focus on primarily conducting research with people from countries that are Western, Educated, Industrialised, Rich and Democratic (WEIRD; Henrich et al., 2010). This approach has neglected a number of social groups within the wider literature and has indeed marginalised the voices and experiences of many. Through the topic of decolonisation, there has been the discussion of the importance of belonging and belongingness, but the intersectional experiences of various social groups within the curriculum has been neglected. In summary, this discussion reveals that there are several key ways in which curricula and decolonial research can contribute to belonging: 1) communication of what (who) is important; 2) consideration of student learning needs; 3) appreciation of course content that is salient to students; 4) demonstration of alignment with a wider range of philosophical approaches; 5) promotion and celebration of cultural differences which allow students to be themselves; and 6) inclusion of a wide range of factors within teaching that contribute to belonging, for example the importance of place.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Troubling and Diffracting Winnicott's Pioneering Approach to Playing through Deleuze's Ontology for Early Childhood Education
- Author
-
Gabrielle Ivinson
- Abstract
This paper diffracts Deleuze and quantum physics through Winnicott's work to argue for an enrichment to playing. The roots of the play-cognitive hierarchy in Freudian psychoanalysis makes visible that progression and the stages that a child must pass en route to rationality continue to feed educational assumptions that a child must leave playing behind in order to learn. Addressing critiques of Freud's psychosexual theory of child development, I introduce Winnicott's work on playing as creative activity and transitional phenomena which cast playing in a positive light. I then turn to Deleuze's critique of Freud's foundational concepts of child development influenced by Newtonian physics to argue that a Deleuzian concept of energy aligns with quantum physics, which unsettles the binary play-cognition hierarchy. I introduce a vignette to illustrate a rich array of concepts involved in playing that are read through Winnicott. In the final step, I argue that Winnicott's transitional object provides a juncture with Deleuze's concept of the partial/virtual object paving the way to graft an alternative and more processual ontology onto Winnicott's work on playing that acts beside cognitive connections in ways that bring learning alive and liberate teachers to enter less constrained relationships with children.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. When Pedagogies Pathologize: Theorizing and Critiquing the Therapeutic Turn in Education
- Author
-
Enrique Niño P. Leviste
- Abstract
This conceptual and theoretical paper seeks to analyze the dynamics and consequences of psychologization and therapization, key mechanisms of the therapeutic turn in education. In particular, it focuses, on how the pathologization of social problems occasions individualization and the production of self-reliant and inward-looking subjects trained to maximize human capital according to the tenets of neoliberalism. Second, it explains the principles of a critical approach to education that is informed by the concept of intersectionality. It shows how this concept might be helpful in interrogating and addressing structurally embedded inequalities and injustices. Informed by the insights of Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw, this approach engenders a contextualized and nuanced analysis of social forces, social identities, and ideological instruments through which power and disadvantage are expressed and legitimized. To further illustrate its importance, insurgent citizenship education, a concept drawn from the experiences of a Philippine school for displaced indigenous groups will be discussed.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Cash for catching scientific errors.
- Author
-
Nowogrodzki, Julian
- Abstract
The ERROR project offers researchers a bounty for spotting mistakes in published papers — a strategy borrowed from the software industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. New Herpes Simplex Virus Study Results Reported from Department of Neurology (Cognitive functioning of a patient with herpes simplex virus encephalitis - a case study. An exemplary paper for the State Examination in the field of clinical...).
- Abstract
A new study on herpes simplex virus has been published by the Department of Neurology. The study focuses on a case report for a state examination in the field of clinical psychology - neuropsychology. The article serves as a case study on the cognitive functioning of a person with active herpes encephalitis, using various screening scales and tests to assess the patient. The publication aims to address the difficulties in accessing exemplary works of this type. For more information, readers can refer to the article published in Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
30. Data on Behavior Disorders Discussed by Researchers at Department of Psychology [Some Critical Comments On the Frick (2022) Paper Titled "some Critical Considerations In Applying the Construct of Psychopathy To Research and Classification of...].
- Subjects
BEHAVIOR disorders ,PSYCHOPATHY ,RESEARCH personnel ,PSYCHOLOGY ,CLASSIFICATION - Abstract
A recent report discusses research on behavior disorders in children. The report focuses on a paper by Frick (2022) that criticizes the use of the psychopathy construct in studying childhood disruptive behavior disorders (DBDs). While the paper cautions against using psychopathy components in the examination of DBDs, it argues that a multidimensional model of psychopathy could enhance our understanding of the etiology, mechanisms, prognosis, and treatment outcomes of DBDs. The research suggests that future studies should examine the broad construct of psychopathy to gain a better understanding of its relationship with DBDs. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
31. Studies from Vienna University Economics & Business Administration in the Area of Psychology and Psychiatry Reported (Exploring Economic Dimensions of Social Ecological Crises: a Reply To Special Issue Papers).
- Subjects
INDUSTRIAL management ,MANAGERIAL economics ,PSYCHIATRY ,ADLERIAN psychology ,CRISES ,PSYCHOLOGY ,ENVIRONMENTAL ethics - Abstract
A report from Vienna University Economics & Business Administration discusses research on the economic dimensions of social ecological crises. The research explores shifts away from neoclassical environmental economics towards a more realist theory and multiple methods. The study draws on various disciplines, such as applied philosophy, social psychology, and political science, to rethink economics and develop social ecological economics. The research concludes with comments on the failings of orthodox economics and the conduct of scientific research for social ecological transformation. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
32. Introducing Yoga-integrated Psychotherapy (YiP): A discussion paper (Updated June 20, 2024).
- Subjects
PSYCHOTHERAPY ,MENTAL health personnel ,MENTAL health services ,YOGIC therapy ,MENTAL illness - Abstract
This article discusses the potential benefits of integrating yoga into psychotherapeutic practice as a new model of treatment for mental health issues. The author argues that current interventions are not sufficient, as evidenced by increasing suicide rates. They suggest that combining yoga with psychotherapy could provide a holistic approach to healing and improve treatment outcomes. The article acknowledges the need for further research and scientific investigation in this area. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
33. Publication bias in psychology: A closer look at the correlation between sample size and effect size.
- Author
-
Linden, Audrey Helen, Pollet, Thomas V., and Hönekopp, Johannes
- Subjects
PUBLICATION bias ,SAMPLE size (Statistics) ,SOCIAL psychology ,PSYCHOLOGICAL research ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Previously observed negative correlations between sample size and effect size (n-ES correlation) in psychological research have been interpreted as evidence for publication bias and related undesirable biases. Here, we present two studies aimed at better understanding to what extent negative n-ES correlations reflect such biases or might be explained by unproblematic adjustments of sample size to expected effect sizes. In Study 1, we analysed n-ES correlations in 150 meta-analyses from cognitive, organizational, and social psychology and in 57 multiple replications, which are free from relevant biases. In Study 2, we used a random sample of 160 psychology papers to compare the n-ES correlation for effects that are central to these papers and effects selected at random from these papers. n-ES correlations proved inconspicuous in meta-analyses. In line with previous research, they do not suggest that publication bias and related biases have a strong impact on meta-analyses in psychology. A much higher n-ES correlation emerged for publications' focal effects. To what extent this should be attributed to publication bias and related biases remains unclear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Digitally mediated psychotherapy: Intimacy, distance, and connection in virtual therapeutic spaces.
- Author
-
Tucker, Ian
- Subjects
PSYCHOTHERAPY ,DIGITAL technology ,COVID-19 pandemic ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Copyright of European Journal of Psychotherapy & Counselling is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Investigators at Sun Yat-sen University Discuss Findings in Mental Health Diseases and Conditions (Mental Health and Well-being In Tourism: a Horizon 2050 Paper).
- Subjects
MEDICAL tourism ,MENTAL illness ,MENTAL health ,MENTAL health services - Abstract
Researchers from Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou, China have conducted a study on mental health and well-being (MHW) in tourism. The study aims to explore how tourism can contribute to Sustainable Development Goal No. 3 (SDG 3) set by the United Nations. The researchers reviewed existing literature on MHW in tourism, focusing on the perspectives of tourists, residents, and tourism workers. They found that there is a need for interdisciplinary approaches to understand how tourism can promote mental health for various stakeholders. The study suggests incorporating tourism products and services into mental health care and designing tourism experiences based on positive psychology principles. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
36. Exponential Authorship Inflation in Neuroscience and Psychology from the 1950s to the 2020s (Updated June 20, 2024).
- Subjects
TWENTY twenties ,AUTHORSHIP ,NEUROSCIENCES ,PSYCHOLOGY ,PRICE inflation - Abstract
A recent study examined the trend of authorship size in neuroscience and psychology research papers from the 1950s to the present. The study found that the average number of authors per paper has been increasing exponentially, reaching a record high of 10.4 authors in neuroscience and 4.8 authors in psychology in 2021. Single-authored papers have become rare, particularly in primary research papers, while group authorship has become more common. The increase in authorship size is attributed to various factors, including increased research complexity, collaboration benefits, government-funded research, changing norms in authorship practices, and biased incentives in evaluation. The study raises concerns about research reproducibility, innovation, equity/diversity, and ethics, calling for policy considerations to address potential negative consequences. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
37. Critical Periods In Language Acquisition.
- Author
-
Pochynok, Mariia
- Subjects
LANGUAGE acquisition ,FOREIGN language education ,PSYCHOLOGY ,COGNITIVE psychology ,PHONEME (Linguistics) - Abstract
Were you able to read and understand what that foreign word means? If not, it is never too late to start learning a new language. However, is it possible to become fluent in a foreign language despite the age at which you start? To answer this question this paper delves into the critical periods in language acquisition and their importance. This paper highlights infants' gradual acquisition of different aspects of language, such as phonemes, words, and grammar. To conclude the importance of critical periods, I compare different strategies for infants and adults learning a language, referring to the example of German word order acquisition. Furthermore, this paper focuses on second language learning. It gives some successful examples of perfectly acquired language by foreigners beyond childhood and highlights the phenomenon of exposure to a native-speaking environment. Additionally, I will discuss the degree of plasticity after the critical period ends and some challenges learners might experience when acquiring a second language. In conclusion, this paper offers a comprehensive review that contributes to our understanding of language development and its implications for language learning beyond childhood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. The effect of absent audiences on Mixed Martial Arts performance during COVID-19.
- Author
-
KOTRBA, VOJTECH
- Subjects
COVID-19 pandemic ,MIXED martial arts ,MONETARY incentives - Abstract
Copyright of Ido Movement for Culture. Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology is the property of Idokan Poland Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Welcoming the Other: Actualising the humanistic ethic at the core of counselling psychology practice.
- Author
-
Cooper, Mick
- Subjects
COUNSELING ,PSYCHOLOGY ,HUMANISTIC psychology ,SIMILARITY (Psychology) ,PSYCHOLOGISTS - Abstract
This paper examines the question of how counselling psychology might move forward into the future. It argues that, for many counselling psychologists, the defining feature of our profession lies in a humanistic value-base; and that, to move forward, we need to look at how that could be more fully actualised. The paper argues that this value-base is most succinctly expressed in Levinas's concept of 'Welcoming the Other,' and it proposes five ways in which this ethic might be taken forward: developing our capacity to see beyond diagnoses, enhancing our responsiveness, focusing more fully on our client's intelligibility, taking a lead in giving psychology away, and developing our evidence base. The paper concludes by suggesting that the key issue is not the survival of counselling psychology as a profession; but the survival, development and proliferation of this value-base. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. University of Verona Reports Findings in Psychology and Psychiatry (The relevance of the contribution of psychoneuroendocrinoimmunology and psychology of reasoning and decision making to nursing science: A discursive paper).
- Subjects
DECISION making ,PSYCHIATRY ,NURSES ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
A report from the University of Verona in Italy discusses the potential contributions of psychoneuroendocrinoimmunology (PNEI) and psychology of reasoning and decision-making (PRDM) to nursing science. The article suggests that integrating PNEI and PRDM into nursing theory can improve healthcare decision-making by reducing cognitive biases and medical errors. PNEI explains the relationships between biological systems and the psyche, while PRDM emphasizes the importance of context and connections in problem-solving. The research concludes that a theoretical renewal is necessary to enhance nursing reasoning and priority identification. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
41. Bayesian versus Frequentist approaches in Psychometrics: a bibliometric analysis.
- Author
-
Zagaria, Andrea and Lombardi, Luigi
- Subjects
BIBLIOMETRICS ,PSYCHOMETRICS ,HISTORY of psychology ,PROMPTS (Psychology) ,BIBLIOTHERAPY ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
The increasing popularity of the Bayesian approach in Psychology has prompted metascientific efforts to quantify its prevalence. However, despite enduring debates between proponents of Frequentist and Bayesian schools of thought, no systematic comparison of their prominence has been conducted in existing literature. This brief report fills this gap, examining Bayesian and Frequentist trends in the period from 1964 to 2023 through a meticulous search in PsycINFO. The findings reveal that the Frequentist approach has consistently been more popular than the Bayesian approach in the realm of Psychometrics and Statistical Psychology. However, Bayesian contributions steadily increased from the 80's onward and appear to be almost as important or even surpassing the Frequentist counterparts in the latest years investigated (2019–2023). Although this observation applies primarily to specialized literature rather than the entire domain of Psychology, it underscores the growing prevalence of the Bayesian approach, signaling attention among specialists in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Exploring the Association Between Textual Parameters and Psychological and Cognitive Factors.
- Author
-
Uludag, Kadir
- Abstract
Background: Textual data analysis has become a popular method for examining complex human behavior in various fields, including psychology, psychiatry, sociology, computer science, data mining, forensic sciences, and communication studies. However, identifying the most relevant textual parameters for analyzing complex behavior is still a challenge. Goal of Study: This paper aims to explore potential textual parameters that could be useful in analyzing behavior through complex textual data. Furthermore, we have examined the randomly generated text based on different textual parameters. Methods: To achieve this goal, we conducted a comprehensive review of the literature on textual data analysis and identified several potential topics that could be relevant, such as sentiment analysis, discourse analysis, lexical analysis, and syntactic analysis. We discuss the theoretical background and practical implications of each parameter and provide examples of how they have been used in previous research. Furthermore, we highlight the importance of considering the context in which these parameters are applied and the need for interdisciplinary collaboration to gain a deeper understanding of complex behavior through textual data analysis. Furthermore, we have provided Python code in the Supplementary Materials to facilitate a comprehensive analysis of such behaviors. In addition, to generate the text for analysis, we utilized ChatGPT 3.5 Turbo by requesting it to generate a random text of 1000 words divided into five paragraphs. Afterwards, we applied the provided Python code to analyze the randomly generated text. Conclusion: Overall, this paper provides a foundation for researchers to identify relevant textual parameters to analyze complex human behavior in their respective fields such as linguistics, sociology, psychiatry, and psychology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Second-Line Parades: A Trauma-Informed Response to Grief.
- Author
-
Hunter, Lauren D.
- Subjects
WOUNDS & injuries ,POST-traumatic stress disorder ,MUSIC ,CONVERSATION ,CLASSIFICATION of mental disorders ,RITES & ceremonies ,PSYCHOLOGY ,EMOTIONAL trauma ,EXPERIENCE ,CONCEPTUAL structures ,SPIRITUALITY ,GRIEF ,THEORY - Abstract
New Orleans is no stranger to trauma. The Crescent City has a vast history of environmental calamities and oppression. Yet, New Orleans is renowned for its "joie de vivre"—or "love of life." Specifically, this community is known for its unique practice of second-line parades. Researchers have noted the healing power of second-line processions, but none have analyzed the practice and psychology of this ritual through a trauma-informed lens. The aim of this conceptual paper is to begin the conversation, rather than deliver hard fast conclusions, on the potential therapeutic function of second-line parades in response to grief. Relevant literature is presented to illustrate second-line parades, trauma theory, and to provide evidence that the therapeutic effects of second-lining may, in part, be explained by trauma theory. This paper concludes with remarks on conceptualizing the second-line funeral as a sophisticated trauma-informed approach to grief and a note for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. "It's Like POOF and It's Gone": The Live-Streaming of Child Sexual Abuse.
- Author
-
Christensen, Larissa S. and Woods, Jodie
- Subjects
CHILD sexual abuse ,WEBCAMS ,LIVE streaming ,CRIMINOLOGY ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
The live-streaming of child sexual abuse is an established, and prolific, form of abuse, with high international demand. It involves transmitting the sexual abuse of children in 'real time' via a webcam to individuals in any geographical location. Despite it being identified as a global key threat in the area of child sexual exploitation, there is a dearth of literature on this type of offending, limiting our understanding. Until further research is conducted, the current paper fills an important purpose by offering a stop gap of current research on the live-streaming of child sexual abuse. In particular, it draws from a breadth of literature to offer a synthesis of where geographically CSA live-streaming appears to mostly occur; the technological and legal barriers in detecting and prosecuting the behavior; what we know about viewers; what we know about facilitators; and the victims of CSA live-streaming and the impact of the abuse on them. In doing so, this paper offers critical knowledge for research, policy, and practice professionals across psychology, criminology, and law disciplines, who are interested in understanding, preventing, and responding to this form of sexual offending against children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. The intersection of self-determination theory and workplace spirituality: an innovative framework for advancing social work administration.
- Author
-
Susmerano, Exxon B.
- Subjects
EMPLOYEE psychology ,SOCIAL service associations ,CORPORATE culture ,SOCIAL workers ,PROFESSIONAL practice ,SOCIAL services ,PSYCHOLOGY ,SOCIAL case work ,JOB satisfaction ,MOTIVATION (Psychology) ,SOCIAL work research ,SPIRITUALITY ,THEORY ,HEALTH promotion ,WELL-being - Abstract
This conceptual article aims to explore how self-determination theory can be utilized in integrating workplace spirituality in social work administration to help address issues such as those related to employee well-being, job satisfaction, and motivation. The paper examines the interconnection between self-determination theory, workplace spirituality, and social work administration through a review of pertinent literature on these interrelated concepts. The complementation of self-determination theory and workplace spirituality in the realm of administration hopes to create a spiritually sensitive environment that boosts self-determination and promotes the well-being of social workers for them to become healthy and productive members of human service organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Neurocommunication and the public: Trump's announcement to run for the 2024 U.S. presidential election.
- Author
-
Barberá González, Rafael and Lohan, Rhona Patricia
- Abstract
This paper analyses how political discourse reaches different audiences through neurocommunication. The specific case studied is the speech delivered by Donald J. Trump to announce his candidacy for the 2024 U.S. presidential election. A review of concepts such as neurocommunication, neuropolitics and sociolinguistics is carried out. All of these are key elements in understanding how the public perceives leaders' speeches, especially in a competitive environment where leaders are trying to reach as many people as possible. The audiovisual material of the speech is used to investigate, through a codebook, the interaction between the ideas of the speaker and the audience, the way of speaking and the tone used by the leader to convince the different audiences or the deliberate use of certain words to achieve the intended purpose, in this case, to secure votes. With these codes, results are achieved that indicate that many of the registers used in Trump's speech influence the psychology of voters when making their decisions, again in an environment where there is a large number of offers. These are factors that serve to convince and persuade the public. This paper offers, through innovative approaches and methods, an analysis of how political discourse can be competitive in the current international context. The main advantage of using these codes is that they make speeches more efficient for different audiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Evaluating the Usefulness of Counterfactual Explanations from Bayesian Networks.
- Author
-
Butz, Raphaela, Hommersom, Arjen, Schulz, Renée, and van Ditmarsch, Hans
- Subjects
BAYESIAN analysis ,ARTIFICIAL intelligence ,PSYCHOLOGY ,UNCERTAINTY ,CAUSAL inference - Abstract
Bayesian networks are commonly used for learning with uncertainty and incorporating expert knowledge. However, they are hard to interpret, especially when the network structure is complex. Methods used to explain Bayesian networks operate under certain assumptions about what constitutes the best explanation, without actually verifying these assumptions. One such common assumption is that a shorter length of the causal chain of one variable to another enhances its explanatory strength. Counterfactual explanations gained popularity in artificial intelligence over the last years. It is well-known that it is possible to generate counterfactuals from causal Bayesian networks, but there is no indication which of them are useful for explanatory purposes. In this paper, we examine how to apply findings from psychology to search for counterfactuals that are perceived as more useful explanations for the end user. For this purpose, we have conducted a questionnaire to test whether counterfactuals that change an actionable cause are considered more useful than counterfactuals that change a direct cause. The results of the questionnaire indicate that actionable counterfactuals are preferred regardless of being the direct cause or having a longer causal chain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Navigating grey areas in HIV and mental health implementation science.
- Author
-
Harkness, Audrey, Giusto, Ali, Hamilton, Alison B., Hernandez‐Ramirez, Raul U., Spiegelman, Donna, Weiner, Bryan J., Beidas, Rinad S., Larson, Michaela E., Lippman, Sheri A., Wainberg, Milton L., and Smith, Justin D.
- Subjects
MALIGNANT hyperthermia ,HIV ,HIV infection transmission ,MENTAL health ,PSYCHOLOGY ,AIDS - Abstract
Introduction: Implementation science (IS) offers methods to systematically achieve the Ending the HIV Epidemic goals in the United States, as well as the global UNAIDS targets. Federal funders such as the National Institutes of Mental Health (NIMH) have invested in implementation research to achieve these goals, including supporting the AIDS Research Centres (ARCs), which focus on high‐impact science in HIV and mental health (MH). To facilitate capacity building for the HIV/MH research workforce in IS, "grey areas," or areas of IS that are confusing, particularly for new investigators, should be addressed in the context of HIV/MH research. Discussion: A group of IS experts affiliated with NIMH‐funded ARCs convened to identify common and challenging grey areas. The group generated a preliminary list of 19 grey areas in HIV/MH‐related IS. From the list, the authors developed a survey which was distributed to all ARCs to prioritize grey areas to address in this paper. ARC members across the United States (N = 60) identified priority grey areas requiring clarification. This commentary discusses topics with 40% or more endorsement. The top grey areas that ARC members identified were: (1) Differentiating implementation strategies from interventions; (2) Determining when an intervention has sufficient evidence for adaptation; (3) Integrating recipient perspectives into HIV/MH implementation research; (4) Evaluating whether an implementation strategy is evidence‐based; (5) Identifying rigorous approaches for evaluating the impact of implementation strategies in the absence of a control group or randomization; and (6) Addressing innovation in HIV/MH IS grants. The commentary addresses each grey area by drawing from the existing literature (when available), providing expert guidance on addressing each in the context of HIV/MH research, and providing domestic and global HIV and HIV/MH case examples that address these grey areas. Conclusions: HIV/MH IS is key to achieving domestic and international goals for ending HIV transmission and mitigating its impact. Guidance offered in this paper can help to overcome challenges to rigorous and high‐impact HIV/MH implementation research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. May I know my EQ? Factors to automate EQ prediction using technology.
- Author
-
Karani, Ruhina and Desai, Sharmishta
- Subjects
- *
EMOTIONAL intelligence , *EMOTIONS , *ELECTRONIC paper , *DEEP learning , *ARTIFICIAL intelligence - Abstract
Emotional intelligence (EI) involves recognizing, regulating, and understanding emotions in oneself and others, enabling effective relationship management. Emotional Intelligence acts as a differentiator in both personal and professional lives. Nevertheless, many people lack the ability of conveying and interpreting human emotions efficiently due to which they fall short in their social and professional lives. However, this can be improved if people know their Emotional Quotient (EQ) score and work towards improving it by implementing certain skills. Although traditional methods for measuring EQ exist, majority of them are manual and are built on self-efficacy based questionnaire which are often susceptible to faking. In order to overcome these lacuna, this paper proposes a digital approach that can be used for an automatic evaluation of EQ of a person via audio visual signal input. The paper devises four major factors self-awareness, self-regulation, self-motivation and social relationships with their weightages that can be utilised for automatic evaluation through the use of technology. The paper also proposes quantifiable parameters for measuring these factors. The proposed criteria were developed with the emergence of deep learning and its applicability in assessing a person's EQ in mind. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. A Psychology of Sustainable Career Development: Hypernormalized Ideology or Inherently Sustainable?
- Author
-
Bal, P. Matthijs and Alhnaity, Roxana
- Abstract
Sustainable career development is a great priority for organizations, governments and individuals alike. Facing the grand challenges of our global world, careers and their development have to be re-designed to incorporate more sustainable ways of living and working. However, most work around sustainable careers is centered around neoliberal modes of organizing, amplifying individual responsibility of individuals for their careers, while treating careers merely as an instrumental 'tool' towards organizational performance and viability. Hence, sustainable careers are a hypernormalized ideology. In the current paper, a psychology of sustainable career development is introduced that deviates from earlier, more conservative models, of career development towards a more radical interpretation and recognition of truly sustainable ways of organizing and developing careers. Anchored in an interpretation of sustainable careers as promoting dignity and capabilities of people, this conceptual paper formulates a new psychology of the sustainable career, towards integration rather than individualization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.