Search

Provides information on the sessions held during the 43rd annual meeting of the Society for the History of Technology at the Fairmont Hotel in San Jose, California on October 4-7, 2001. 'Silicon Valley, Innovation and the History of Modern Computing'; 'The Many Faces of Cybernetics'; 'Consumers Are Always Right'; 'Factories and Workers in Early Industrial Europe.'

Reports on the 52nd annual convention of the Western States Communication Association at the San Jose Hyatt House, San Jose, California from February 14 to 17, 1981. Schedule of events; Keynote speakers; Topics for discussion; Contact information.

As lifeline networks such as transportation or electricity networks in modern societies are intricately interlocked, a small number of components damaged by natural or man‐made disasters can have a great impact on network performance. For this reason, it is essential to assure the capability of rapid assessment of network reliability to make prompt follow‐up measures. Despite the rapid development of various algorithms and computing power, the capability is still limited due to computational cost for analyzing the connectivity of a single origin and destination (O/D) node pair in large‐scale networks. Therefore, this paper introduces a new algorithm utilizing network centrality, termed "centrality‐based selective recursive decomposition algorithm" (CS‐RDA). By preferentially decomposing the node which is most likely to belong to the min‐cut identified based on the betweenness centrality, the convergence of the bounds on the O/D connectivity can be expedited significantly. This paper also introduces a new multi‐scale analysis approach termed "edge‐betweenness algorithm." The algorithm groups components such that its modularity is maximized, by sequentially removing edges that have the highest level of betweenness centrality. As a result, the reliability of large‐scale networks can be accurately evaluated in a short time owing to the reduced complexity of the simplified network. The proposed methods are successfully demonstrated by a hypothetical network example, the highway bridge networks in San Jose and San Diego in California, USA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information about the 18th International Federation for Information Processing/Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. (IFIP/IEEE) International Workshop on Distributed Systems: Operations and Management (DSOM) held in San Jose, California from October 29 to 31, 2007. The workshop was intended to offer information about technological advances and to foster growth on areas of network, systems, and service management. Randy Katz and Carl Kesselman are keynote speakers of the event.

This paper extends the stop and frisk literature from New York City by examining pedestrian stops made by San Jose, California, police officers from January 2013 through March 2016 with a particular focus on benchmarking. Using violent crime suspects and nuisance-related calls for service (CFS) as comparators, we consider whether San Jose Police Department (SJPD) officers disproportionately stopped individuals from the city's dominant racial and ethnic groups citywide and in certain police beats with high levels of nuisance calls. Using violent crime suspects citywide as a benchmark, Whites were significantly overrepresented among those stopped by the police while Hispanics, Asians, and Blacks were underrepresented. The CFS findings at the beat level were consistent with the citywide findings for Blacks but reversed direction for Hispanics and varied for Asians depending upon beat and call type. We discuss possible reasons for this divergence across benchmarks and racial/ethnic groups and consider the implications for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Provides information on the 2003 Applied Voice Input/Output Society (AVIOS) Speech Developers Conference & SpeechTEK Spring EXPO, held in San Jose, California from March 31 to April 3, 2003. Background on AVIOS; Connection of the "International Journal of Speech Technology," with AVIOS conference; Awards given to research papers on speech technology.

Purpose -- The purpose of this paper is to discuss customizing an open-source program called the Assignment Calculator into a tool designed specifically to serve the needs of students at California State University, Fresno, and at San José State University. The paper aims to discuss information literacy standards, students' need for convenient access to resources, time-management and research help and the technical issues involved in such a project. Design/methodology/approach -- The paper presents how the steps and content of the open-source tool were connected to the Association of College and Research Libraries (ACRL) Information Literacy Competency Standards. Subject matter was researched and evaluated from other tutorials to find the most valuable instructional concepts based on assessment of their students' needs. The paper discusses ways to customize, maintain and continue to revise the Assignment Calculator to keep it relevant and beneficial. Findings -- The customized online tool can help improve understanding of the library's role in information literacy and provides opportunity for librarians and faculty to collaborate. Statistics and a survey can yield information on usage and usefulness. Originality/value -- This case study reviews current research in incorporating information literacy concepts into an online tool. It describes the process for librarians to research and customize an open source tool and concludes that while it is initially time-consuming, it is ultimately a rewarding experience which will improve students' understanding of these concepts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The authors engage a set of critical discussions on key concepts in disaster studies with attention to recent critiques of the concept "community," which decry the term's imprecision and problematic insinuation of consensus. The authors' objective is to explore for enduring and redeeming merit in the use of the term in disaster prevention, response and recovery and in collaborative social science research more broadly. Design/methodology/approach: This paper is based on case studies drawn from the authors' ongoing, longitudinal studies of community-based work with Spanish-speaking community leaders in San José, California and rural Indigenous communities in Alaska. Findings: The authors synthesize unromantic critiques of the community concept that surface important matters of inequality that complicate efforts for decolonizing disaster work with a view of community as an often utopian project servicing redistributions and relocations of the loci of power. It is a term not only invoked in scholarship and the work of governmental and nongovernmental agencies but also one with deeply symbolic and contextualized meaning. Originality/value: The authors' interpretation is that we must at once be critical and unromantic in studying and working with "community" while also recognizing its utopian fecundity. Abandoning the concept altogether would not only create a massive lacuna in everyday speech but also we fear too strong a language in opposition to the community concept metaphor telegraphs a hostility toward those who use it to mobilize scarce social, political and material resources to confront power and contest structural violence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information about papers on user-centered design and information technology (IT) systems presented at the 2007 Computer/Human Interaction (CHI) conference held in San Jose, California is presented. It has discussed how access to information and communication technologies (ICT) can promote social and economic development. Participants argued that mobile telephones provide aid to users on how to use other computing systems. It also cited IT development projects in various countries using HCI.

Reports on highlights of the 8th Videometrics Conference in San Jose, California, from January 18 to 20, 2005. Conference background; Incorporation of the conference under the banner of Electronic Imaging, the joint 17th Annual Symposium of the Society for Imaging Science and Technology and International Society for Optical Engineering; Keynote addresses by Justin Maki from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and Pat Hanrahan from Stanford University.

Road traffic accidents have increased globally, which has led to significant challenges to urban safety and public health. This concerning trend is also evident in California, where major cities have seen a rise in accidents. This research conducts a spatio-temporal analysis of traffic accidents across the four major Californian cities—Los Angeles, Sacramento, San Diego, and San Jose—over five years. It achieves this through an integration of Geographic Information System (GIS) functionalities (space–time cube analysis) with non-parametric statistical and spatial techniques (DBSCAN, KDE, and the Getis-Ord Gi* method). Our findings from the temporal analysis showed that the most accidents occurred in Los Angeles over five years, while San Diego and San Jose had the least occurrences. The severity maps showed that the majority of accidents in all cities were level 2. Moreover, spatio-temporal dynamics, captured via the space–time cube analysis, visualized significant accident hotspot locations. The clustering of accidents using DBSCAN verified the temporal and hotspot analysis results by showing areas with high accident rates and different clustering patterns. Additionally, integrating KDE with the population density and the Getis-Ord Gi* method explained the relationship between high-density regions and accident occurrences. The utilization of GIS-based analytical techniques in this study shows the complex interplay between accident occurrences, severity, and demographic factors. The insight gained from this study can be further used to implement effective data-driven road safety strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics/Fortschritte der Kieferorthopadie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper reports the findings of an exploratory study examining the relationship between homelessness and delinquency in adolescents. Researchers collected data from interviews of 42 homeless youth contacted through a drop-in center in San Jose, California. Participants responded to a structured interview as well as two vignettes describing situations in which crimes were committed. The most striking findings are that (1) reported rates of delinquency are higher than expected based on past research, and (2) despite the high rates of delinquency, answers to a “three wishes” question describe wishes and ideals that are largely consistent with mainstream societal values. This paper provides a survey of existing research on homeless youth and delinquency, a comparison of our findings to those of previous studies, and two detailed case studies that highlight the patterns we observed in the broader survey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose -- This paper aims to examine an unwinding of a lease obligation, where the in-place rental rate exceeds current market. Design/methodology/approach -- The paper examines some of the critical variables in mitigating lease obligations, and uses a case study of a 2003 transaction near San Jose, California to elaborate. Findings -- After a 3 year period of vacancy increases and rental declines, the lease is a liability to a company with no projected need for the premises. The passive Landlord has little incentive to settle the lease in these market conditions, but is eager to avoid potential further credit erosion, and tests the market in a sales process. Originality/value -- The paper provides information of value to all parties interested or involved in property leasing decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This special issue of the IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits highlights some of the best papers from the 2015 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (CICC), held in the DoubleTree Hotel in San Jose, California, USA, on September 28–30. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The article informs that the sixty-fourth annual meeting of the Economic History Association will be held in San Jose, California from 10-12 September, 2004. Many of the sessions will be focused on the theme "Technological Change and Economic Growth in History." The program committee encourages submissions that provide a historical or interdisciplinary perspective on key issues in technological change, social and economic innovation, productivity, and economic growth. Graduate students are encouraged to attend. Complete information regarding the program schedule and other details are provided in the article.

Abstract: This paper provides evidence on the impact of a sub-urban transit-oriented development (TOD) on surrounding single-family home prices. Using a dataset that inventories single-family home sale transactions surrounding Ohlone Chenyoweth TOD in San Jose, CA, the paper employs hedonic regression to estimate the effect of the TOD on home prices. Controlling for the effects of the distance from the light rail line, the station and other transportation facilities, the impact of the TOD on home sale prices is statistically significant at p =0.10 level, with an average home sale price increase of $21,000 (or 3.2%) for every 50% reduction in the distance between the home and the TOD. Further, the paper finds that the TOD’s price effect dissipates after 1/8 mile. Finally, housing prices within 1/8 mile of the TOD were 18.5% higher than the prices more than 1/8 mile from the TOD during the post-TOD construction period; 7.3% higher during the TOD construction period and not statistically different in the pre-TOD construction period. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Today's engineers must be more than just technically competent. To be successful in our increasingly global economy in which teamwork and interdisciplinary interaction are the norm, engineers must have excellent communication skills. In recognition of industry needs, the San José State University College of Engineering redesigned its technical communication course to ensure that students graduate with writing and speaking skills that will transfer readily to their career needs and the global arena. The course aims to motivate students through exploring topics that are meaningful to them and using communication formats that they will see in the workplace. Combining technical communication with study of the environment broadens the course to meet multiple Accreditation Board of Engineering and Technology outcomes. This paper describes the course goals, organization, management, selected assignments, and assessment. Assessment data indicate that at the end of the semester students, on average, have gained between 0.8 and 1.1 points on a 12-point evaluation rubric and have gained an appreciation of the unique characteristics of and need for technical writing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A long-held urban redevelopment strategy has been the investment in flagship cultural projects—large-scale, iconic museums and arts centres that are intended to enhance the city image while catalyzing private sector investment and attracting tourists to the surrounding area. This paper concentrates on an aspect of the flagship cultural strategy that has received surprisingly little focused attention—the role that urban design and context play in realizing project outcomes. The analysis concentrates on two established flagship museums in Los Angeles and San Jose, California. The research demonstrates that certain urban design characteristics can negatively affect the ability of a project to attract visitors and generate commercial activity. However, at the same time, factors beyond the local context may be an overriding factor in project outcomes thus calling into question the concept of cultural catalyst. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Chocolate Watchband, the Count Five, and the Syndicate of Sound were three garage bands from San Jose, California. During the 1960s, before the high-tech economy transformed the Santa Clara Valley into Silicon Valley, San Jose was a culturally sleepy suburb. This paper will examine these three groups in the context of 1960s culture and society and will compare and contrast their image and musical output with that of the better-known “hippie” music scene originating an hour north in San Francisco. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper uses movement as a marker to study interactions in humans and animals to better understand their collective behaviors. Interaction is an important driving force in social and ecological systems. It can also play a significant role in the transmission of infectious diseases and viruses as witnessed during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Although a number of approaches have been developed to analyze interaction using movement data sets, these methods mainly capture concurrent and dyadic interaction (i.e. when two individuals have direct contact or move synchronously in the spatial proximity of each other). Less work has been done on tracing interaction between multiple individuals, especially when the interaction occurs with a delay or via indirect contact (i.e. when individuals visit the same location asynchronously). This paper introduces a new Object-oRiented Time-Geographic Analytical approach (ORTEGA) to extract concurrent and delayed interaction patterns between individuals in space and time. The method leverages the time-geography framework to incorporate the effects of uncertainty and gaps in movement data in the analysis of interaction and tracing contact patterns. Using two different case studies and real GPS tracking data, the method is evaluated in (1) detecting patterns of dyadic, intra and interspecific interactions between two apex predators, tigers and leopards in Thailand; and (2) tracing potential contacts between a large group of individuals of the same and different households in San Jose, California. The results indicate that tigers and leopards have an awareness of each other and their interaction is mainly indirect and delayed. In the human context, the results show that while individuals of the same household have more concurrent interaction, members of different households follow similar patterns asynchronously exhibiting delayed interaction. The delayed interactions and potential asynchronous contacts are often underestimated by the common digital contact tracing technologies. With this study we show how a generic method can be used to identify interesting movement patterns across the human and animal divide. • Movement can be used as a marker to study animal competition and human spatial behavior. • Time geography can improve digital contact tracing for curbing the transmission of airborne diseases. • Temporal delay is an important factor in interaction and survival of tigers and leopards. • Delayed interaction analysis can inform us about similarity in space use of people across urban areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We introduce a nondedicated bridge health monitoring (BHM) system that turns pre-existing telecommunication fiber-optic cables into distributed acoustic sensors to collect bridge dynamic strain responses. Due to extensively installed telecommunication fiber cables in the cities, our telecommunication cable-based system enables efficient and low-cost BHM without the requirement of on-site sensor installation and maintenance; however, it is challenging to extract bridge damage-sensitive information (e.g., natural frequencies and mode shapes) from this nondedicated strain data as it has large measurement noise and error propagation. To overcome the challenge, we develop a physics-guided system identification method that models strain mode shapes based on physics-guided parametric mode shape functions derived from bridge dynamics. We then estimate the displacement mode shape function by analytically double-integrating the modeled strain mode shape. Our method improves the accuracy of estimating bridge damage-sensitive features and reduces error propagation by constraining strain and displacement mode shapes with bridge dynamics. We evaluated our system on a concrete continuous three-span bridge in San Jose, California. Our system successfully identified the first three natural frequencies and reconstructed strain and displacement mode shapes in a meter-scale resolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A magnetometer based on Hall effect sensors was developed using a 1020 steel base, two magnets (K&J Magnetics, Pipersville, PA, USA), and two Hall effect sensors: MLX-90215 (Melexis Inc., San Jose, CA, USA) and AD-AD22151 (Analog Devices, Inc., Wilmington, MA, USA). Both sensors were assembled on an acrylic support and powered with a 5-volt battery. The readings can be taken using bench multimeters (HP 34401A or Iminipa ET-2042D). The magnetometer records magnetic hysteresis loop and saturation by applying a field of up to 0.33 T at room temperature. The device was tested using magnetic hysteresis data from samples of 99% pure nickel sphere and magnetite microparticles. A dipole magnetic model was used to obtain the moment of the samples. The sensor used for reading the induced magnetic field of the sample AD-AD22151 has a sensitivity can be adjusted from to 110 mV/mT. This device is cheap, versatile, and easy to build, and despite its low accuracy, when compared to commercial equipment, it can be useful in low-budget teaching and research laboratories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

INTRODUCTION: Inappropriate mechanical treatment of root canals can result in unfavorable outcome of root canal treatment. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to compare rotational and reciprocal instrumentation techniques by measuring the degree of dentin removal and preserving the original root canal anatomy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty permanent mandibular molars extracted due to periodontal reasons were mechanically cleansed and randomly divided into two groups of ten teeth each. First group was instrumented with a rotational instrumentation technique, F360 system (Komet Dental, Lemgo, Germany), and second group was instrumented with Endo-Eze Genius reciprocating system (Ultradent Products, Utah, USA) according to manufacturers' protocols. Measurements of canal diameter and canal curvature straightening were obtained using standardized X-ray images taken before and after instrumentation at four levels of the root canal by utilizing computer software Adobe Photoshop CC 2020 (Adobe Systems Incorporated, San Jose, California, USA). RESULTS: Rotational technique resulted in a statistically significant increase in the root canal diameter after instrumentation at all levels (all p < 0.05). The reciprocating technique significantly increased the canal diameter at all levels (all p < 0.05), except for the second level (p = 0.063). Regarding the maintenance of root canal anatomy, both techniques led to canal alignment. When compared to reciprocal technique, rotational instruments caused significantly greater straightening of the curve at the third level (p = 0.017). CONCLUSIONS: Both instrumentation systems have similar degree of dentine removal; however, rotational technique is more prone to cause root canal straightening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Canadian Geographer is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The 1861 "Settlers' War" of San Jose illustrates how ideals central to nineteenth- century American political culture undermined Mexican claims to land rights in California. This article argues that the dispossession of Californios must be understood within a larger context of anti-land monopolism and its relationship to race, unionism, and the crisis of secession. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: US preterm-birth rates are 1.6 times higher for Black mothers than for White mothers. Although traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) may increase the risk of preterm birth, evaluating its effect on preterm birth and disparities has been challenging because TRAP is often measured inaccurately. This study sought to estimate the effect of TRAP exposure, measured at the street level, on the prevalence of preterm birth by race/ethnicity.Methods: We linked birth-registry data with TRAP measured at the street level for singleton births in sampled communities during 2013-2015 in Oakland and San Jose, California. Using logistic regression and marginal standardization, we estimated the effects of exposure to black carbon, nitrogen dioxide and ultrafine particles on preterm birth after confounder adjustment and stratification by race/ethnicity.Results: There were 8823 singleton births, of which 760 (8.6%) were preterm. Shifting black-carbon exposure from the 10th to the 90th percentile was associated with: 6.8%age point higher risk of preterm birth (95% confidence interval = 0.1 to 13.5) among Black women; 2.1%age point higher risk (95% confidence interval = -1.1 to 5.2) among Latinas; and inconclusive null findings among Asian and White women. For Latinas, there was evidence of a positive association between the other pollutants and risk of preterm birth, although effect sizes were attenuated in models that co-adjusted for other TRAP.Conclusions: Exposure to TRAP, especially black carbon, may increase the risk of preterm birth for Latina and Black women but not for Asian and White women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focuses on structural engineering courses offered by San Jose State University and San Francisco State University in California through distance-learning technology. Details of course conduct and technology; Assessment of course; Advantages of distance learning; Challenges of distance learning; Conclusion.

A new library, radically different in concept and reality from any library that currently exists, is being developed by the City of San Jose and San Jose State University. Located in downtown San Jose on a site of two earlier libraries, the new building will serve both thc campus and the community. This paper provides the perspective of the Dean of SJSU Library, and a Reference Librarian heavily involved in the planning process. Issues addressed include initial and ongoing visions, barriers encountered, what works well in planning, merging vs. nonmerging of services, unexpected consequences, and hurdles left to clear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduces the Acrobat 5 computer software by Adobe Systems in San Jose, California. Advantages of the software for electronic publishing; Enhancement of online collaboration; Significance of the update of Portable Document Format specification. INSET: Transparency and Trapping: Adobe Delivers What We Wanted 10....