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A series of piperazine derivatives containing bis‐isoxazole were successfully synthesized by the reaction between piperazine and substituted isoxazole derivatives under the optimal reaction condition. The structures of all products were confirmed by IR, HRMS, 1H and 13C NMR. The antibacterial activities of all products against Mycobacteria smegmatis in vitro were tested using rifampin as a positive control. Two compounds presented wonderful anti‐mycobacterium activity, and their minimum inhibitory concentrations were respectively 2.60±1.11 μmol/mL and 4.35±0.00 μmol/mL, which indicated that they can be regarded as candidates for development of anti‐TB drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An efficient and convenient synthesis of 2‐substituted benzimidazoles catalyzed by magnetic Fe3O4 supported by modified bentonite (MB) was developed. Herein, a separable, magnetic catalyst Fe3O4/MB was successfully prepared on the basis of exploring Fe3O4 synthesis by co‐precipitation method. Fe3O4 was obtained in 96.09 % yield using sweet orange oil as a reducing and protecting agent. The result showed that the sweet orange oil played a crucial role in the preparation of Fe3O4. Fe3O4 and Fe3O4/MB were characterized by powder XRD, SEM, EDX, XPS and BET, and were further applied to catalyze the synthesis of 2‐substituted benzimidazoles. The applicability of the substrate was investigated on the basis of optimizing the reaction conditions. As a consequence, 2‐substituted benzimidazoles were obtained in 37.01–91.68 % yield. It suggested that Fe3O4/MB was an environmentally friendly and low‐cost catalyst possessing good catalytic activity, broader substrate adaptability and excellent recyclability. It is a promising catalyst in industrial production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unusual structural colors are demonstrated in thin‐film coatings due to a combination of optical interference and light scattering effects. These vivid colors are concealed under ambient illumination but can be observed when light is reflected from the film surface. The origin of the effect is explored computationally and it is shown that, in thin‐films of lossless dielectrics coated on near‐perfect conductors, incident electromagnetic waves form standing waves. Electric field intensities at the thin film interfaces are maximized for wavelengths that fulfil destructive interference conditions, while nanoscale roughness can enhance scattering at these boundaries. The interplay of these two factors yields vivid, thickness‐dependent colors. This approach increases the repertoire of optical effects and perceived colors in thin coatings. When combined with traditional thin‐film interference colours, dichromatic images with distinctly changing colors can be generated, which can function as a covert, optical security feature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bismuth (Bi)‐doped laser glasses with broadband emission are of current interest in the fields of sensing, bio‐imaging, and photonics. For practical applications, it must be considered how to improve the emission efficiency, in particular, for borate glasses with wide glass‐forming range, low melting point, and excellent fiberizing ability. Herein, we experimentally demonstrate that addition of GeO2 to aluminoborate glasses can effectively enhance Bi NIR emission by more than 300 times with prolonged decay time (~500 μs) and good homogeneity, which is, to our best knowledge, seldom achieved in Bi‐doped borate multi‐component glasses. The addition of second glass‐former GeO2, as revealed by detailed optical and structural analysis, leads to the facile regulation on local glass structure, forcing the conversion of aluminum species from AlO5 and AlO6 to AlO4 and consequently pushes the conversion of Bi3+ to Bi+ and Bi0 and stabilizes Bi NIR centers, which finally results in highly enhanced Bi NIR emission. We believe these results could contribute to designing Bi‐activated multi‐component laser glass and fibers with efficient NIR photoemission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Because of ultra‐broadband near‐infrared (NIR) emission bismuth‐activated glasses and fibers offer a new promising platform for novel photonic devices such as new type of optical amplifiers and broadly tunable fiber lasers. Yet, challenge remains to manipulate the NIR emission behavior of bismuth (Bi) in photonic glasses for efficient Bismuth‐doped fiber and fiber lasers. Here, by engineering phosphorus and aluminum's topology, broadly tunable NIR emission has been realized in Bismuth‐doped phosphate laser glass. Structural and optical analyses on 27Al magic‐angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR), 31P MAS NMR, fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and static emission spectra suggest that polymerization of glass network can be improved by proper addition of aluminum into the system, which can be evidenced by partial conversion of Q2 to Q3 species of phosphorus and the shift of P–O–P asymmetric stretching vibration toward lower frequency, and this turns out beneficial to Bi NIR emission. Embedding aluminum tetrahedra into phosphorus glass network can reduce the local crystal field around bismuth and therefore lead to the blueshift of Bi emission. This work presents new insights into the luminescent behavior of Bi ions in phosphate glass and it helps the design and fabrication of Bismuth‐doped glasses and fibers in future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bismuth-doped (Bi) glasses and fibers have raised considerable attention for broadband emission and tunable fiber lasers in the near infrared (NIR) region. However, they suffer from low efficiency and it remains challenging to enhance Bi NIR emission. Here, we propose a facile way to enhance and tune the Bi NIR emission by adjusting optical basicity and modulating the boron and aluminum coordination in borate glasses. We find that BO4 and AlO5 species favor Bi NIR emission, right followed by the analyses of static emission spectra, the Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Furthermore, abnormal Bi NIR luminescence phenomenon and boron anomaly were observed, which are attributed to the synthetic effect of B and Al coordination transformation. Besides, we find that BO4 tetrahedron plays a major role in enhancing Bi NIR emission at low Al content, while AlO5 hexahedron group will dominate at high Al concentration. Our investigation may give an insight into the luminescent behaviors of Bi in borate glasses and contribute to improving the performance of Bi-doped fiber and fiber lasers in future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]