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The focus of this paper is on the problem of appropriate teaching in the open/distance education and the need to practically employ effective evaluative tools for improving the academic achievement of learners involved in these modes of education. This paper introduced KPS method that was formulated on the basis of well stated assumptions as a viable tool at this period of economic recession for checkmating possible challenges capable of being encountered, so as to maximize the opportunities available in open/distance education. The e-module was designed in various packages using the 5-steps of KPS. The teaching/evaluative verbs for each of the ability levels in the packages were coded into the following passwords i.e. 'D,I[superscript 2],R[superscript 3],E,C[superscript 2],T[superscript 2], D,E,V,E,C[superscript 3],Q[superscript 2],U,I,T[superscript 2], S[superscript 3],C[superscript 3],R,I,P,T[superscript 3], A,P,P,R,A,I,S.E[superscript 2]'. Experimenting by juxtaposing KPS with that of the conventional method on 120 selected learners in a quasi-experimental design yielded an empirical data that shows KPS method as a better teaching/evaluative tool than the conventional method. The paper recommends that KPS method should be incorporated into the curriculum of the nation's open/distance educational system as one of the veritable teaching/evaluative tool for improving the academic achievement of all categories of learners.

This paper appraises music as an essential part of Nigerian culture and its implication for national development. It discussed music as important aspect of culture and the rationale for the inclusion of the subject in Nigerian schools at all levels of education. It also explicates music education available in the community as well. The music provides utilitarian education, information, entertainment and enlightenment. It uplifts the soul of the citizenry in a hard economic situation. It corrects and helps to discipline people's behaviour thereby contributing effectively for national development. Some important literatures were reviewed.. The result shows that music contributes to national development of Nigeria. It produces the aesthetics and useful feeling (emotion) used in national development. It is also useful as a medium that preaches the words of faith to the society which uplifts their spiritual feelings making them to possess good morals which aid in national development. The paper ended up with the conclusion that music is the engine which impels the national development when adequately used with recommendation of improvement on the study of the subject in Nigerian schools.

This paper seeks to investigate the implementation of the Productive Pedagogies Framework in Nigerian mathematics classroom setting. The researcher adopted a qualitative case study approach to seeking data for the three research questions postulated for the study. Three mathematics teachers taught mathematics in two secondary schools in two Central states of Nigeria using the Productive Pedagogies framework introduced to them by the researcher. Two major instruments (observation and reflective interviews) were employed to seek information from the teachers and the students. While the researcher uses the grounded theory approached to interpret and or analyzed the data collected. The findings of this study suggest that the teachers made attempts to used Productive Pedagogies framework to achieved quality mathematics classroom instructions. This was demonstrated in their effort to used problem-solving to achieve intellectual quality classrooms instructions, making mathematics classroom instruction relevant to the world around their students, developing an atmosphere of friendship during classroom instruction and identifying and recognizing the differences existed among students during classroom instruction. It was observed that the used of the Productive Pedagogies can increase students' engagement, collaborations, interactions, substantive conversations and effective inclusion during mathematics classroom instruction in which the research finally recommended the adoption of the Productive Pedagogies framework in the Nigerian mathematics classroom.

Physics instruction in secondary schools is a fundamental panacea towards achieving scientific knowledgeable citizens which can propel a nation in the realization of a sustainable economic force. This paper therefore x-rayed ordeals of physics instruction in Nigerian secondary schools and the way forward for the attainment of global competitiveness. The research has descriptive survey design. Ninety-two (92) physics teachers and eight secondary schools (four in each Local Government Area) were selected using a purposive sampling technique for the study. The research instruments used for the study were "Questionnaire on Ordeal in Physics Instruction in Secondary School (QOPISS) and Physics Practical Apparatus Checklist (PPAC). Using a test-retest method and Pearson Product Moment Correlation, a reliability coefficient of 0.83 was obtained for QOPISS. The data were analyzed according to research questions using the frequency count, percentage, mean, standard deviation and ranking. The study revealed that qualified physics teachers are not adequate for proper teaching of physics, laboratory apparatus are insufficient for effective practical activities in physics teaching and learning in both rural and urban schools, the lecture and problem solving methods are the most applied instructional strategy employed during physics instruction and physics teachers do not utilize ICT tools in teaching physics. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended that qualified physics teachers should be employed in the secondary schools, all physics laboratories both in the urban and rural secondary schools should be well equipped by relevant authorities and stake holders, appropriate teaching methodologies and ICT tools integration in the teaching and learning of physics should be employed by physics teachers during physics instruction.

Across the world, the concern of governments to maintain public safety necessitated a reform for reorienting the police organisations to shift from conducting its functions through the incidence driven approach to community participation model. In Nigeria, the reactive model adopted appeared not effective in taming the internal insecurity across the country as crime upheaval is increasing daily. This paper examined the effects of community policing on police statutory functions in Nigeria. Data were collected from relevant textbooks, journals, newspapers and other official records. The data congregated were analysed through descriptive method. Espousing the broken window theory as theoretical framework, community policing is considered as a proactive crime and disorder reducing strategy as against the 'pursue and catch' reactive oriented. The paper found community policing as helpful to curbing internal security threats in Nigeria. It argued that the effectiveness of community policing is overturned by gamut of the police different operational agenda; inconsistency in policy; and resistance from some officers and rank and files. The paper recommended that the police statutory functions of curbing insecurity in Nigeria would remain a daydream without active community policing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the popular youth protest of October, 2020 tagged "ENDSARS" (SARS standing for Special Anti-Robbery Squad) in Nigeria organized to challenge police brutality. In spite of the protest being held during the Covid-19 lockdown, the number of youth that trooped into the streets in the southern part of the country and in the North too, tagging theirs "ENDINSECURITY") signified that beyond police brutality, the Buhari administration was due for questioning. As expected of any protest without effective coordination, the march was later hijacked by hoodlums and looters who burnt down, looted, and pillaged public infrastructure and private property, in the same vein attacking some politicians. The paper treats ENDSARS as Nigeria Spring of October, 2020 which had its roots in the wave of protests that started in the 1980s. The earlier protests were about calls for civilian government, claims of election mandate and fuel hike. The methodology applied in this study is both interview and secondary sources of data collection through the use of Nigerian dailies, journals and textbooks. For the interview, some youths in some towns were asked questions for the purpose of extracting variables that would explain the causes of the protests. The paper reveals that the thought that led to the "ENDSAR" is as a result of lies in the past to end police brutality which never materialized and the frustration is as a result of bad governance. We suggest that in a situation of another popular youth protest, the governments at both the federal and state tiers should act fast to solve the problem before it degenerates into a state of anarchy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work tackles the need to evaluate and identify fresh assessment techniques utilized in LIS education during and after the COVID-19 epidemic. It investigates the impact of digital media, feedback, formative assessments, and concerns such as cheating and authenticity, providing critical insights for future assessment practises in the post-pandemic period. Accordingly, there is a pressing need to employ new assessment tools post-pandemic to adapt to online and hybrid learning challenges. This qualitative study investigates complex social phenomena in higher education assessments by exploring behaviours, preferences, beliefs, customs, attitudes, viewpoints, and experiences. Twelve LIS instructors, 6 teaching and learning administrators, and 20 LIS students from South Africa and Nigeria were chosen using convenience sampling. Key informant interviews were conducted, with constructivist learning orientation-driven questions examining new assessment technologies, the role of digital media in student assessment, authenticity concerns in e-assessment, feedback and formative assessments. The research concludes that incorporating Computer-Based Learning (CLT) in e-assessments for LIS education enhances students' knowledge construction and accessibility. Digital examinations offer benefits like instant feedback and personalized learning experiences, leading to improved problem-solving skills and decision-making. Future research should focus on larger, diverse samples and longitudinal approaches to evaluate intervention effectiveness and sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Teamwork activities are becoming significant in higher education system. Especially professors, lecturers apply teamwork activities such as group assignments, group presentations group discussion, seminars to help students comprehend lectures easily and reveal students' leadership skills such as project planning, reflection, problem solving, team building, decision making, goal setting, time management, project management resource allocation, effective communication networking, conflict resolution, diversity awareness, and selfconfidence. Universities, colleges prepare students to the business life after the graduation, In order to preparing student to their future career path, leadership skills play significant role. The more student leadership skills develop, the more students will adapt to real world situations. Teamwork activities help to improve students' leadership skills. Students that participate group activities to collaborate their teammate's purpose of complete the course, assignments, presentations will be having self-confident, effective communication, decision making, problem solving, conflict resolution skills so on. Students whose student leadership skills improved might have chance to be successful at their future occupations while they work as a part of team, collaborations in organizations. The purpose of this study is to provide a better comprehension of the concept of student leadership skills, teamwork activities at universities and colleges, link between teamwork activities and student leadership skills. We have done this by clarifying student leadership skills within the teamwork activities context identifying the idea of relationship based on project planning, reflection, problem solving, team building, decision making, goal setting, time management, project management resource allocation, effective communication networking, conflict resolution, diversity awareness, and self-confidence skills based on past studies in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Poor mathematics self-efficacy (MSE) has been recorded among learners at all levels in Nigeria. The study reported on here sought to establish the efficacy of differentiated instruction (DI) in raising learners' MSE in inclusive settings. We also explored the differential effects of DI on the MSE of learners with dyscalculia, as well as on high- and low-achieving learners. We adopted a control group quasi-experimental research design involving 1 experimental and 1 control group. A total of 4 mathematics teachers and 158 Senior Secondary II (SSII) learners in 4 regular classes participated in the study. Mathematics teachers participated in a one week DI training workshop to equip them with DI skills for whole-term mathematics instruction. The Students' Mathematics Self-efficacy Scale (SMSES) was used for data collection at pre- and post-intervention evaluations. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The major findings reveal that using DI led to significant improvements in learners' MSE. Prior achievement (PA) had a significant influence on MSE; however, DI was effective in reducing the negative effects of poor PA on the self-efficacy of low-achieving learners and learners with dyscalculia. It was concluded that DI offers teachers the impetus to help all learners to improve their self-efficacy in mathematics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study examines the hate speeches used by the Nigerian politicians within the theoretical framework of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). Some of the hate speeches used by the Nigerian politicians are selected and analyzed. The objectives of this study include identifying and investigating the hate speeches using critical discourse analysis. The random sampling is used to elucidate data from Nigerian dailies. The data includes hate speeches used by Nigerian politicians against the opposing parties or individuals. The methodology for this research is the descriptive approach. The study finds out that the hate speeches are seen in this study as the use of accusations and judgments, mockery and degradation, propagation and solving problems using disdain statements and the use of rhetoric by the members of All Progressive Congress (APC) and People Democratic Party (PDP) in Nigeria to show power and dominance over one another. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study sets out to determine the influence of recognition of information need on the research practices of graduate students in the university libraries of South East, Nigeria. The objective was to ascertain how information recognition need abilities as provided by libraries and librarians can enhance research practices of graduate students. As a guide to the study, three specific objectives which reflect essential components of the recognition of information need standards namely; recognition of nature of information need, and recognition of scope of information need are formulated. Also, three research questions and one hypothesis are also formulated to direct the study. The study adopts ex- post facto research design. Proportionate sampling technique was used to select a sample size of 556 graduate students out of a population of 5,565 registered graduate student users in the university libraries of South East Nigeria. The instrument for data collection is a researcherdeveloped and validated questionnaire. The reliability coefficient of the instrument was .742. The research questions were answered using mean and standard deviation, while regression method was used to test the hypothesis at .05 level of significance. Findings of the study showed that the individual recognition of information need indicators (recognition of nature of information need, and recognition of scope of information need) investigated, all have significant influence on graduate students' research practices in the university libraries of South East, Nigeria, though at varying degrees. Findings of the study also showed a significant combined influence of information need indicators on the graduate students' research practices. It is recommended among others that Librarians should collaborate with faculty members by sensitizing them on the need to engage students in regular information problem-solving tasks so that the students will be adequately trained on recognizing and defining their information need in their learning and research tasks and to do that early in the research process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined effects of the Polya's problem solving Technique (POPSOT) as observed by Shaibu (1987) in Atadoga (2010) and conventional problem-solving Technique (CONPSOT) on cognitive achievement of physics students. A pre -test post - test quasi experimental design used adopted for the study. The sample comprised of 102 senior secondary two (ss11) physics students drawn from the 6(six) public owned secondary schools in Aguata Education zone, Anambra State, Nigeria. Two research questions and one hypothesis guided the study. The instruments consisted of pre-test (PREPHY) and Post-test (POSTPHY) questionnaire comprising of 20 test items constructed by the searcher. There are two groups of Physics students. One group (experimental group) was taught using Polya's problem solving Technique (POPSOT) while the other group (the control group) was taught using conventional problem-solving technique (CONPSOT). The instrument was validated, and reliability tested using pears product moment correlation technique. The internal consistency was found to be 0.87. The research questions were answered using mean and standard deviation while the hypothesis was tested using t-test statistics. The t-test used for analysis was because pre-test adopted in this study established homogeneity. The result showed that student taught with Polya's problem solving technique as in Atadoga (2010) performed better than those taught with conventional problem-solving technique. Based in the findings, the researcher recommended that physics students should be taught with Polya's problem solving technique rather than conventional problem-solving technique to enhance their learning of physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research work studies the information needs and seeking behavior of Engineering lecturers in Nigerian Universities. Descriptive survey research design was adopted. The area of the study was Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Anambra State. A total of 40 engineering lecturers from the Faculty of Engineering Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University formed the population. The researcher used the whole population for the study since the population was small. The instrument for data collection was a self-constructed questionnaire. Data collected were analyzed using simple frequency counts and mean. The bench mark of the results of the mean was 2.50. The result indicated that the major information needs of engineering lecturers are education, research and personal development; Conference participation, workshops and correspondence with fellow professionals are the most accepted means of seeking information; challenges encountered by the lecturers while seeking information is inaccessibility of library information resources. The researcher recommended that, the management of Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Library should strengthen and enrich the library collections with current and relevant resources among others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]