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The electrical system operation continuously approaches the stability threshold due to the demand growth over time. The continued of demand growth overtime can cause a voltage drop makes system becomes unstable. Placement of flexible alternating current transmission (FACTS) is an alternative to improve load margin of the system also improve the voltage profile of the system. The types of FACTS are unified power flow controller (UPFC), static var compensator (SVC), thyristor-controlled series capacitors (TCSC) and static synchronous series compensator (SSSC) respectively. The authors compare several FACTS on improving the stability of the tested system by improving their voltage profile in IEEE 14 bus test system. Using sensitivity index by performed continuation power flow (CPF) to know the placement of FACTS device is proposed. It is proven that the placement of FACTS in the system can improve system stability and reliability by increasing the voltage profile and loading margin. The placement of the UPFC in critical bus of IEEE 14 Bus system increase the maximum loading parameter by 0.22 p.u. (7.99%) and improve the voltage profile of bus 14 by 0.23 p.u. (34.86%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To improve the voltage profile and reduce power losses in industrialization, one of the methods is by compensating for reactive power in the system, namely, installing a Static VAR Compensator (SVC) and setting the SVC reactive power injection value into an 11 kV distribution system to obtain an optimization value determined by simulation using ETAP software, fast decoupled load flow method, and simulation process with a trial-and-error approach. The 38th simulation produces the effect of changes in the value of SVC reactive power injection, namely a voltage drop of 150 Volt on each 11 kV bus, decreasing the reactive power of 3 kVar on Bus101 and 34 kVar on Bus102, reducing active power losses of 0.8 kW on Bus101 and 3.5 kW on Bus102 and reducing reactive power losses of 0.5 kVar on Bus101 and 3.1 kVar on Bus102. The value required for SVC minimum reactive power injection while still achieving improved working voltage profile and reduced power losses in the system is 0 kVar. The error values in this simulation are the phase voltage difference of 119 Volt or 1.07%, the difference in the active power of -1.459 MW or -8.15%, the difference in reactive power of 0.655 MVar 12.29%, and the difference in factor power of -2.8 or -2.92%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Power loss and voltage drop occurred when the transmission line in loading condition caused by the current flow through impedence and its effect is to lower the performance of the transmisson line. Application of static var compensator (SVC) and capacitor bank as a way to improve the voltage profile and power loss. In this study, the two types of equipment were used to increase the performance of the transmission line with case study 150 kV Nort Sumatra of electric power transmission line. The simulation results using ETAP version 12.6 software show that after the installation of SVC and Bank capacitors, not only does the voltage on the installed bus system increase but also improves the voltage across the bus and reduces the number of system losses. From the simulation results before installing SVC, it is obtained losses decreased from 48.4656 MW to 43.1941 MW or 10.87%. Overall, the installation of capacitor bank losses decreased from 48.4656 MW to 43.5499 MW or as much as 10.14%. Based on simulation result, SVC and Capacitor Bank improved voltage profiles in transmission system. The simulation results can be concluded that to reduce the number of system losses it is more effective to install capacitors than SVC in the transmission system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]