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AbstractThe Textile Reinforced Engineering Cementitious Composite (TRECC) is a cementitious composite material reinforced with short polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or polyethylene (PE) fibers, possessing exceptional ductility. This unique attribute enhances the utilization of the textile grid’s strength and significantly improves the load-bearing and deformation capabilities of ECC members reinforced with textile grids. In this study, the effects of fiber textile grids and steel wire mesh on the tensile properties of ECC were investigated. The test results showed that the carbon textile grid significantly improved the peak strength of specimens. On the other hand, the glass textile grid significantly improved the ultimate strain of specimens. The carbon combined with glass textile grids can integrate effectively the advantages of both carbon and glass textile grids. When compared with single textile grids, the combination uses of steel wire mesh and fiber textile grids resulted in a significant improvement in ultimate strain and post-peak energy absorption values. Finally, based on the test data, this study proposed the peak strength calculation of TRECC and provided the stress–strain expressions of the initial non-linear strain hardening phase and the tensile softening phase and a related analytical model to describe the stress–strain behavior of TRECC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fiber/metal hybrid composites are perceived as superior materials for applications in machine tools because of their enhanced machinability, lightweight nature, and vibration-damping capabilities. The application of AWJM to hybrid composites introduces challenges, including kerf convergence ratio and surface irregularity issues throughout the machining process. This study is all about the AWJM of a Kevlar fiber/SS wire mesh epoxy composite with silicon carbide filler particles and garnet as the abrasive material. The study aims to investigate the effects of varying machining conditions, such as cutting velocity, abrasive performance rate, and nozzle tip distance, and to determine the most effective machining parameters using TOPSIS technique. To achieve this, a total of 27 different experimental trials were conducted, and two key attributes, namely kerf convergence ratio and surface irregularity, were recorded. This approach empowers all-encompassing evaluation and comparison of diverse machining parameter combinations, thus expediting the selection of the most fitting parameters to attain desired machining outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Parasitoids such as Ganaspis brasiliensis and Pachycrepoideus vindemiae are being researched for biological control of Drosophila suzukii, an important agricultural pest. Parasitoids can be monitored in the field by collecting infested fruit samples or using sentinel traps seeded with host larvae/pupae. Sentinel traps may be covered with a selective barrier to allow parasitoid movement, and prevent nontarget infestation and developing D. suzukii from exiting. In this study, two types of fabric mesh ('square' 1.1 × 1.1 mm2 and 'oval' 1.2 × 0.8 mm2) were assessed for restricting passage of D. suzukii, and enabling passage and parasitism by G. brasiliensis and P. vindemiae. Square wire meshes (1.04, 1.08, 1.11, 1.13, 1.18, and 1.53 mm2) were also tested as a durable alternative to the fabric mesh for G. brasiliensis sentinels. Both fabric meshes and the 1.08 and 1.13 mm2 square wire mesh prevented passage of D. suzukii. Passage was similar through fabric mesh for both parasitoids. For G. brasiliensis, parasitism was higher in open control sentinels than square mesh covered sentinels in one trial, but parasitism was similar at ∼40% in open and square mesh sentinels in another trial. The 1.04, 1.08 and 1.13 mm2 square wire mesh lowered G. brasiliensis parasitism. For P. vindemiae, parasitism was 2-fold higher in oval mesh than open sentinels which may be due to the mesh encouraging this wasp to forage longer. If a selective mesh must be used, the square fabric mesh prevented D. suzukii passage and resulted in the highest G. brasiliensis parasitism compared to wire meshes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pulsed eddy current (PEC) technique has been used to detect corrosion under insulation (CUI) for decades, but whether and how the wire mesh laid in the insulation layer affects the detection remains ambiguous. This paper touches on this issue for the first time. The insulated structure was simplified to a carbon steel plate covered by a cladding with an air gap representing the insulation layer, in which the wire mesh was situated. Finite element simulations were performed on the simplified model and found that the aluminium or stainless steel wire mesh had little effect on eddy currents in the plate, while the mild steel wire mesh could cause a considerable increase in the probe footprint and a significant drop of the eddy current density. For the mild steel wire mesh, the magnetic permeability and wire diameter were the main factors affecting the probe footprint and eddy current density. Afterwards, simulations were conducted to analyse the effect of the mild steel wire mesh on the PEC probe performances for evaluating the CUI depth and found that the mild steel wire mesh led to decreases in both the PEC signal amplitude and decay rate. The simulation results were finally verified by experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reinforced concrete RC is a versatile and durable building material widely used in construction. This study investigated the impact of PVC-coated steel wire mesh layers on the compressive strength of RC. Seven cube specimens (70 × 70×70 mm) with varying numbers of PVC-coated layers were tested after a 28-day curing period. Results showed that specimens with two layers of PVC coating exhibited the highest ultimate compression stress and breaking force, indicating a significant 38% increase in compressive strength compared to those without PVC coating. The findings suggest that PVC-coated steel wire mesh provides a sustainable and costeffective method for reinforcing RC structures. By mechanically enhancing these structures, their overall mechanical properties can be improved. This research highlights the potential of PVC-coated steel wire mesh as an effective reinforcement technique, offering practical solutions for strengthening concrete structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pulverized coal (PC) pyrolysis is an indispensable process for coal thermal conversion and utilization. The transformation of fuel-N into fast pyrolysis is a basis for the investigation of nitrogen migration in coal combustion. In this paper, a wire mesh reactor was used to study the initial decomposition processes and to reveal the final pyrolysis yield and composition distribution during the fast pyrolysis process. Furthermore, the initial pyrolysis characteristics of PC with different ash contents were presented and compared. The results showed that both Huangling coal (with higher volatile) and Wuhai coal (with higher ash content) showed a similar trend, and the pyrolysis ratio increased with the increased pyrolysis final temperature. The pyrolysis ratio at the high heating rate was estimated to exceed that at the low heating rate by 2%–10%. With the temperature increased, the char-N yield decreased first and then tended to be stable, and most of nitrogen remained in the char (more than 55%). An increase in heating rate made the pyrolysis zone to shift toward higher temperature, and it enhanced the yields of volatile and tar as well as the proportion of tar in volatile. Besides, the heating rate increased from 10°C·s−1 to 1500°C·s−1, the yield of tar-N increased from 4% to 14% and gas-N decreased from 28% to 19%. Overall, NH3 yielded was higher than HCN, which became more apparent at high heating rates. The content of the N-6 was positively related to the coal pyrolysis ratio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous earthquakes have proven that failure of framed structure particularly at joints of beam and column caused disastrous collapse in structures that are built without seismic codal provisions. Most of the traditionally built Reinforced Cement Concrete (RCC) framed structures existing are lacking adequate reinforcement at structural joints and these joints are shear deficient. The main objective of the research studies was to enhance behaviour and performances of exterior structural joints by retrofitting and testing for displacement-controlled reversed cyclic loading. The joints retrofitted exhibits higher levels of ultimate displacements, higher levels of ultimate capacity previous to failure and the joints failed prior to failure of column. The variable novelty in research were size and shape of mesh, woven mesh, mesh orientation and wrapping in all direction around joints, cementitious matrix laminates with aggregate chips less than 5 mm, epoxy resin to increase bond between old and new concreting and chicken wire mesh near to cover and displacement controlled reversed cyclic loading was applied to column. The experimental research work indicated that, retrofitting with woven wire mesh strengthening technique will enhance the displacement ductility, stiffness, energy dissipation and strain. Thus the proposed retrofitted method anticipated in predicting the shear strength of joints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents experimental and numerical study of strengthening brick masonry walls loaded with service loads where openings are required to be made, the studied strengthening is made using steel wire mesh or near-surface mounted steel bars. The experimental program consisted of twelve unreinforced brick masonry walls loaded vertically by the service loads; six control walls were not strengthened, three walls were strengthened by steel wire mesh on both faces and steel bars were inserted around the required opening for the last three walls. Three control unstrengthened walls were not opened while openings were made in nine loaded walls; then the load was increased for all walls until failure. The experimental results showed that the applied strengthening methods managed to compensate the decrease of wall capacity due to opening. Numerical modelling and nonlinear analysis were made using finite element analysis software ANSYS v.15; the numerical results showed good agreement with the experimental results. Further, a parametric study was performed to explore the effect of several variables concerning aspects of the wall and strengthening materials. The obtained results demonstrate that the numerical approach can be used to study and design strengthening for load-bearing masonry walls in existing buildings in case it is required to make openings in the walls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work analyzed the mechanical and vibration characteristic of the banana fiber sandwich layer with core AISI 304 steel wire mesh (WM). The following specimen configurations were prepared by hand lay-up method by varying fiber orientation in the skin layer: S = 0/0/0/0, S1 = 0/0/WM/0/0, S2 = 0/90/WM/90/0, S3 = 0/45/WM/-45/0 and S4 = 0/30/WM/60/0. The primary mechanical properties of the sandwich composite specimens were obtained by conducting Tensile, Flexural, and Impact strengths as per ASTM standards, whereas secondary vibration characteristics by experimental modal analysis. The presence of core WM enhances the primary properties especially in S1 attributed to the 0° fiber orientation with high load carrying capacity, natural frequency (Mode I, II), and stiffness. Whereas the specimen with angular fiber orientation (S2, S3, S4) in the skin layer exhibits higher damping showcasing their ability to dissipate energy. Specimen 'S3ʹ acts as a performance change over with 45/-45 fiber in the skin layer. Morphology study of a test of a specimen with 'WM' shows the participation of matrix, banana fiber, and WM in load transfer mechanism with varied failure pattern. Hence, this type of composite structure can be preferred to use in structural and automobile applications by properly orienting the fiber in the skin layer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

These articles presents an experimental investigation on mechanical, vibration, and wear behavior of (aloevera/flax/hemp/wire mesh/BaSO4) laminated composite. The mechanical characterization was performed with ASTM standard specimens. The free vibration performance was analyzed under two clamping conditions and boundary conditions (clamp-clamp & clamp-free). The wear test trails were accomplished using a pin on disc at different process parameters like sliding speed (3–5 m/s), sliding distance (1000 m) and applied load (10–30 N) under sliding dry environment at room temperature of 28 ± 5◦C. The scanning electron microscopy was used to examine the interaction between the matrix and reinforcement interface after the failure. The experimental results revealed that the addition of wire mesh and BaSO4 filler in the fabricated composite Aleovera+Hemp+Wiremesh+Flax+Aleovera+BaSO4 composite (C4) increased the tensile strength by 8.68% compared to Aleovera+Hemp+Wire mesh+Flax+ Aleovera (C3) composite and it also depicts that the addition of wire mesh and BaSO4 as reinforcement has improved 5.42% of flexural strength compare to Aleovera+Hemp+Flax+Aleovera+BaSO4 composite (C2). The addition of BaSO4 improved the hardness in both C2 and C4 composites. The 5% addition of BaSO4 enhanced the natural frequency of the composites. Among the composites, the C4 has shown the highest coefficient of friction during the experimental trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Experimental and numerical studies performed on traditional timber-frame masonry buildings have confirmed excellent deformability of timber structure; however, observations from dynamic shake table tests and earthquakes have revealed the potential hazard of stone falls poses a risk for occupants to get injured. This research presents a seismic performance evaluation study carried out on a traditional two-story Dhajji-Dewari structure having reduced diagonal braces for economizing construction. Moreover, one in-plane wall and one out-of-plane wall were retrofitted with typical steel wire mesh to control dislodging and fall of infill stones. Shake table tests were performed on a representative 1:3 reduced scale test model. The testing was performed using natural acceleration time history with multi-level excitations. The structure damage mechanism was observed with increasing intensity of base motion. The fundamental dynamic properties like frequency, damping, and acceleration amplification factors were obtained. The structure lateral force-deformation capacity curve was derived and bi-linearized to compute the structure ductility, overstrength, response modification factors (approximated to 3.0), and to develop structural global performance levels (i.e. roof drift limits, the corresponding base shear coefficients, and the wall damage states). A simplified procedure was also presented for the global seismic performance assessment of the Dhajji-Dewari structure in various seismic zones. The overall behavior of the model was observed to be good; however, the Immediate Occupancy and Life Safety limit states were primarily governed by the falling of infill rubbles from walls without steel wire mesh. The proposed steel wire mesh negligibly contributes to the lateral stiffness and strength of the structure and primarily prevented the dislodging and fall of stones. The proposed response modification factor can be used for the seismic analysis of structures using an elastic model to compute design forces for timber members and connection fasteners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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A numerical study on mixed convection is carried out through a partially filled brass wire mesh in a vertical channel. A heater embedded with aluminum plates is placed at the center of the vertical channel. The aluminum heater assembly is wrapped with brass wire mesh to facilitate more heat transfer. The vertical channel that consists of aluminum heater assembly with the brass wire mesh is considered as the numerical model. Local thermal non-equilibrium and Darcy extended Forchheimer models are used to accomplish the numerical simulations for thermal and flow characteristics of the considered domain. The aim of the study is to find out the optimum filling of the brass wire mesh in the channel which gives a higher heat transfer rate with low pumping power of the fluid. In the present analysis, three different filling conditions of wire mesh are considered: (i) fully filled channel, (ii) 70% filled channel, and (iii) 40% filled channel. From the results, it is inferred that the vertical channel partially filled with 70% of wire mesh porous medium predicts 89% of heat transfer of the completely filled channel with 41% reduced pressure loss. As a result, the proposed parametric study is good enough to prove that the partly filled wire mesh can be used in the thermal applications where augmentation of heat transfer is required with less pressure drop. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to enhance the heat transfer performance, the screen mesh wick and the inside wall of the container of a heat pipe were pre-coated with a silica nanoparticle layer. When the screen mesh was coated, the thermal resistance decreased by 47% on average. This would be attributed to enhanced wicking performance of screen mesh by the nanoparticle layer. When the container inside wall was coated, reduction of the thermal resistance was less significant but the heat pipe worked well even when the wire mesh was eliminated. This demonstrates that the nanoparticle layer on the wall acted as a very thin wick. It is expected that nanoparticle coating on the screen mesh contributes to the improvement of heat transfer performance of the heat pipe and that on the container inner wall contributes to the downsizing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we describe the development of a shell model-based macro-scale approach for a stainless steel 304 wire mesh using Hill's yield criterion and elasto-plastic material behaviors. The constants for orthotropic elastic-material response and the parameters for non-linear behavior were determined from experimental tests. For validation and comparison, the results obtained using this macro-scale model were compared with the experimental data obtained from drop-tower impact tests and the simulation results from a meso-scale model. The comparison highlighted that the macro-scale model of the wire mesh is more suitable for large-size simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]