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In view of the advantages of 1.6‐μm laser, it has important applications in the fields of laser radar, industry, military, and optical communication. This paper mainly focuses on 1.6‐μm Er: YAG solid‐state‐laser for Laser Radar. The references about pulsed 1.6‐μm single‐longitudinal‐mode laser, continuous wave 1.6‐μm Er: YAG single‐longitudinal‐mode seed laser, and pulsed 1.6‐μm Er: YAG Q‐switched amplifier are collected and analyzed. The development status is introduced, the main problems are identified, and the future development direction is clarified. Maybe, this can provide a reference for other scholars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Here, we reported the complete mitochondrial genome of Antheraea yamamai Guérin-Méneville (1861) collected in Heilongjiang Province, China. The mitochondrial genome is 15,341 bp and encodes 13 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, and 22 transfer RNA genes. Sequence comparison identified 22 SNVs in the A. yamamai mitochondrial genomes between Chinese and Korean populations, indicating a low intraspecific variation between the two populations. Phylogenetic analyses with maximum-likelihood and Bayesian inference methods revealed a close relationship between A. yamamai and Antheraea frithi and supported the relationship among Antheraea species (((A. yamamai + A. frithi) + A. pernyi) + A. assamensis). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study reports the first complete mitochondrial genome of Antheraea pernyi Guérin-Méneville 1855 (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) strain Dingzhou_1, a silkworm resource serving silk production in North Korea. The mitochondrial genome is circular with 15,573 bp in length encoding 37 typical mitochondrial genes (13 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, and 22 transfer RNA genes). The 553-bp A + T-rich region harbors a repeat region composed of 6 ∼ 38 bp tandem repeat units, as found in other known inbred strains from Chinese populations. The phylogenetic analysis clustered Dingzhou_1 from North Korea together with Chinese Liaoning population, suggesting that oak silkworm in North Korea might be introduced from her neighbor China Liaoning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Correlation between MEMRI and DTI was found in P301L tau mice. • Axonal transport deficits in tauopathy were correlated with the loss of myelin. • Myelin loss may contribute to the axonal degeneration in tauopathy. Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) and Manganese Enhanced MRI (MEMRI) are noninvasive tools to characterize neural fiber microstructure and axonal transport. A combination of both may provide novel insights into the progress of neurodegeneration. To investigate the relationship of DTI and MEMRI in white matter of tauopathy, twelve optic nerves of 11-month-old p301L tau mice were imaged and finished with postmortem immunohistochemistry. MEMRI was used to quantify Mn2+ accumulation rates in the optic nerve (ON, termed ONAR) and the Superior Colliculus (SC, termed SCAR), the primary terminal site of ON in mice. We found that both ONAR and SCAR revealed a significant linear correlation with mean diffusion (mD) and radial diffusion (rD) but not with other DTI quantities. Immunohistochemistry findings showed that ONAR, mD, and rD are significantly correlated with the myelin content (Myelin Basic Protein, p < 0.05) but not with the axonal density (SMI-31), tubulin density, or tau aggregates (AT8 staining). In summary, slower axonal transport appeared to have less myelinated axons and thinner remaining axons, associated with reduced rD and mD of in vivo DTI. A combination of in vivo MEMRI and DTI can provide critical information to delineate the progress of white matter deficits in neurodegenerative diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]