1,132 results
Search Results
2. Animal kingdom.
- Author
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RUTH CHO
- Subjects
ANIMALS in art ,PRINTS ,PAPER arts ,TIGERS ,BEACHES - Published
- 2022
3. The Russian Invasion of Ukraine: Part I: The Physical Campaign Maneuverist Paper No. 21.
- Subjects
RUSSIAN invasion of Ukraine, 2022- ,SUBURBS ,BEACHES ,CHERNOBYL Nuclear Accident, Chornobyl, Ukraine, 1986 - Published
- 2022
4. A bibliometric review of ecosystem services and coastal zones: diagnoses and trends
- Author
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Nivaldo Lemos de Souza, Ranyere Silva Nóbrega, Maria Fernanda Abrantes Torres, and Antonio Vicente Ferreira Junior
- Subjects
benefits ,environments ,recreational values ,beaches ,papers. ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
Bibliometric analysis is an instrument used to quantify scientific production on a given topic. This type of analysis can be applied to show trends in an area of study. This review aims to examine how scientific production on ecosystem services, coastal zones, and ports is being carried out, identifying trends and gaps. The guiding questions of the work focused on the growth of production, the ports as focal points, the ecosystems studied, the methodologies used, and which ecosystem services were the focus of discussion. Searches on catalog platforms were made to determine how many articles would be considered for analysis, and after filtering, 91 articles were examined. The main results show that the years 2014 and 2018 were the peak of publications; the United States of America is the country that presented most publications with 19 papers; ports appear in just over 20% of the analyzed works, and beaches and marine environments, such as the continental shelf and slopes, are focus of discussion. More than 50 ecosystem services were found in the analysis, with “food” and “recreational values” being the most studied services. With the decade of the oceans, there is a tendency for the growth of scientific production, maintaining the relevance of the themes, particularly when studied together.
- Published
- 2024
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5. Reply to the comments by Ramírez‐Fernández et al. (DOI: 10.1002/gj.4266) on paper "Microtexture and U–Pb geochronology of detrital zircon grains in the Chachalacas beach, Veracruz State, Gulf of Mexico" by Armstrong‐Altrin et al. (2021)
- Author
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Armstrong‐Altrin, John S., Ramos‐Vázquez, Mayla A., Nadia‐Yutzi, Hermenegildo R., and Madhavaraju, Jayagopal
- Subjects
- *
GEOLOGICAL time scales , *ZIRCON , *BEACHES , *CENOZOIC Era , *VOLCANIC fields , *PETROLOGY - Abstract
Based on the comparison of zircon ages with source terranes, they inferred that the likely source for Cenozoic zircon grains was the Eastern Alkaline Province of Mexico, which comprises various volcanic fields of Cenozoic age. Armstrong-Altrin et al. (2021) reported the detrital zircon grain surface features, chemistry, and U-Pb ages in the Chachalacas beach sediments, Gulf of Mexico. Armstrong-Altrin et al. (2020) discussed the U-Pb ages of detrital zircon grains, which we reported from the Chachalacas beach in the western Gulf of Mexico. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2022
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6. Impacts of tourism on coastal areas.
- Author
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Smith, Timothy F., Elrick-Barr, Carmen E., Thomsen, Dana C., Celliers, Louis, and Le Tissier, Martin
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URBANIZATION ,TOURISM impact ,INTEGRATED coastal zone management ,COASTAL zone management ,BEACHES ,COASTS ,SUSTAINABLE tourism - Abstract
The socioeconomics of the Anthropocene is exposing coastal regions to multiple pressures, including climate change hazards, resource degradation, urban development and inequality. Tourism is often raised as either a panacea to, or exacerbator of, such threats to ecosystems and sustainable livelihoods. To better understand the impacts of tourism on coastal areas, Scopus and Web of Science databases were searched for the top 100 cited papers on coastal tourism. Web of Science suggested 'highly cited' papers were also included to allow for more recent high-impact papers. Of the papers retrieved, 44 focused on the impacts of tourism. Social/cultural and environmental impacts were viewed as mostly negative, while economic impacts were viewed as mostly positive but only of actual benefit to a few. In addition, when compared with recent whole-of-sector reviews and reports it was evident that coastal tourism is increasingly a global enterprise dominated by large corporations that leverage various interests across local to transnational scales. Through this global enterprise, even the positive economic benefits identified were overshadowed by a broader system of land and property development fuelling local wealth inequity and furthering the interests of offshore beneficiaries. Only two highly cited papers discussed tourism within a broader context of integrated coastal zone management, suggesting that tourism is mostly assessed as a discrete sector within the coastal zone and peripheral to other coastal management considerations or the global tourism sector as a whole. The findings have relevance to the holistic management of coasts, coastal tourism and the achievement of sustainable development goals in a way that considers the increasing threats from coastal hazards, resource extraction and urbanisation, as well as the pervasive impacts of international business systems from local to global scales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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7. Undressed Toronto: From the Swimming Hole to Sunnyside, How a City Learned to Love the Beach, 1850-1935: by Dale Barbour, Winnipeg, University of Manitoba Press, 2021, 322 pp., CAN $27.95 (paper), ISBN 978-0-88755-947-1.
- Author
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Benn, Carl
- Subjects
- *
SWIMMING , *BEACHES , *VALLEYS , *METROPOLIS , *POOR people , *BATHING suits - Abstract
Dale Barbour explores the evolution of swimming in Toronto from the time the city was a pre-railway colonial community of 30,000 souls in 1850 to its expansion into the Dominion of Canada's second largest municipality by 1935, with a population of 850,000. For the purposes of Dale Barbour's book, the commission's development of better leisure and swimming opportunities at Sunnyside in the city's west end is particularly important. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2022
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8. Participatory mapping of transboundary pollution: the case of Imperial Beach, California.
- Author
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Maione, Carol, Fernandez, Gabriela, and Vito, Domenico
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TRANSBOUNDARY pollution ,MARINE debris ,WASTE management ,BODIES of water ,MARINE pollution ,BEACHES - Abstract
Introduction: Transboundary pollution is a major global challenge and monitoring beach litter along international borders can reveal some of the pathways by which litter enters water bodies, and hence advance the implementation of measures to prevent pollution emissions into international waters. Methods: In this paper, participatory mapping was used to detect beach litter in Imperial Beach, California, along the U.S.-Mexico international border. This study implemented a 3-step protocol including an introductory awareness workshop, a macro-debris survey to categorize and remove beach litter, and a qualitative assessment of pollution drivers. Results: Results show that plastic litter is the most dominant across all transects (304 debris, 52.6% of all litter observations), with an average density of 76 pieces/transect, with plastic being the most common material. Participants identified some of the major causes of pollution with paucity of waste management facilities, tourism activities near/on the beach, and inflow of pollution across the border. Discussion: The paper highlights the role of citizen science in monitoring pollution along large and border regions. Implications of this study include methodological and practical contributions to the study of marine pollution to supplement the current paucity of information on pollution movement and distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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9. PROLOGUE.
- Author
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Levy, Jason, Pandey, Bishwajeet, and Sivaram, P.
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AC DC transformers ,BEACHES ,PARIS Terrorist Attacks, Paris, France, 2015 ,ERGONOMICS - Published
- 2022
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10. American Economic Review.
- Author
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Duflo, Esther
- Subjects
BEACHES ,MANAGERIAL economics ,ECONOMIC history ,ACQUISITION of manuscripts ,INDUSTRIAL management ,LABOR economics - Abstract
The article presents the review of the periodical. It mentions that manuscripts submitted to the American Economic Review (AER) are handled by an editor, several coeditors, and a staff located in Pittsburgh, using an internet-based manuscript management software system. It discusses that papers are assigned on the basis of field of expertise of the coeditor, combined with a variety of other considerations including equalization of workload and conflict-of-interest rules.
- Published
- 2022
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11. Editorial.
- Author
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Tallon, Andrew
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HOUSING ,BUSINESS improvement districts ,CITIES & towns ,CENTRAL business districts ,BUILT environment ,BEACHES ,REFUGEE children - Abstract
An introduction is presented in which the editor discusses various articles on topics including the housing emergency caused by the war in Ukraine, the challenges of business districts' interactions with communities, measuring success and effectiveness of business improvement districts (BIDs).
- Published
- 2023
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12. Transforming construction: the multi-scale challenges of changing and innovating in construction.
- Author
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Glass, Jacqueline, Bygballe, Lena E., and Hall, Daniel
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BEACHES ,CITIES & towns ,INDUSTRIALIZED building ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,COVID-19 pandemic ,CONSTRUCTION management - Abstract
Drawing on Pellicer I et al. i ([52]), Ninan I et al. i discuss the ad hoc emergence of innovation, reminding us that many construction innovations emanate from "grassroots" situations and experiences (after Winch [68] and Loosemore [41]). Furthermore, like Ninan I et al. i , the authors note the innovating role of companies in the construction supply chain when they say that "companies need to develop and provide competitive wood products to the market". Researchers around the world are exploring changing construction contexts to address local and global challenges (Jansson I et al. i [33], Hall [27], Aitchison [2], Bygballe and Swärd [10], Pan I et al. i [51], Kedir I et al. i [35]), yet the development and application of new theories has been limited (Schweber [59]). That said, we recognise that some of the contributions in this Special Issue acknowledge the role of these firms and their capabilities; for example, Jones I et al. i , and Ninan I et al. i , who conclude that " I supplier firm-level narratives are critical," i but we would argue that it is incumbent on the research community to include supply side testimony much more robustly in future accounts of innovating and transforming. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2022
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13. Observation and modeling of an unusual spatiotemporal pattern in bioacoustic chorusing.
- Author
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D'Spain, Gerald L., Rovner, Galina L., Batchelor, Heidi, and Rimington, Dennis B.
- Subjects
UNDERWATER acoustics ,ACOUSTIC field ,TERRITORIAL waters ,CELLULAR automata ,WATER depth ,BEACHES - Abstract
This paper describes an unusual underwater biological chorus recorded in the Southern California Bight and presents a numerical modeling approach that replicates aspects of the chorus. During one experiment, the evolution of the directionality of the chorusing region over time is suggestive of "The Wave", the human waves performed by fans periodically standing and sitting in sports stadia around the world; here, the region of chorusing periodically propagated upcoast over 20 km of coastline at nearly 1.5 km/s. The chorus occurs predominantly at night in spring and summer, mostly in very shallow waters near the coast. It increases the underwater sound field levels within chorusing regions by 20-30 dB in the 50 Hz to 1 kHz frequency band. The chorus is composed of three parts; 1) a "sunset chorus" which is a 20-to-30 min continuous roar around sunset with received spectral levels up to 100 dB re 1 µPa²/Hz, 2) a "sunrise chorus" of lower level than the sunset chorus, and 3) an all-night-long cycling chorus. The cycling portion is made up of 15-to-20 s periods of higher received spectral levels (up to 90 dB re 1 µPa²/Hz within the chorusing region) each followed by a 10-to-20 s lull in which the spectral levels drop by 4-10 dB. This alternating pattern repeats every 30-40 s throughout the night. The numerical modeling approach is based on the physics of excitable media. A cellular automaton is used to model the two-dimensional spatial grid occupied by the calling animals (units), with each unit being either in the "resting", "excitable", or "active (calling)" state at each time step. Transition from resting to excitable and from active back to resting occurs automatically after a fixed period of time in the present state, whereas the probability of transitioning from excitable to active is determined not only by the elapsed time since entering the excitable state, but also by the received sound level at the unit location, creating a non-linear acoustics-based coupling between units. With appropriate inputs, many determined from measurements of the chorus properties and the individual animal calls themselves, simulations with the model can replicate the cycling levels in the night-long chorus, the continuous din of the sunset chorus, and (once properly initialized) the periodic upcoast evolution of the chorusing region ("The Wave"). When noise from a transiting ship is included in the simulations, the spatiotemporal characteristics of the chorus change appreciably, in ways similar to changes observed during the experiment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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14. A multi-model workflow for assessing multi-scale beach dynamics.
- Author
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Beetham, Eddie, Perry, Ben, McCarroll, Jak, Kennedy, David M., Blakely, Holly, and Shand, Tom
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PUBLIC space design & construction ,COASTAL zone management ,BEACHES ,ATMOSPHERIC temperature - Abstract
Urban beaches in semi-sheltered harbor environments are highly valued public spaces that require detailed understanding of coastal dynamics for appropriate management. Understanding the dynamics these environments is challenging due historic management interventions such as renourishment and hard infrastructure. As a result, commonly applied modelling and hazard assessment methods are not necessarily appropriate for semi-sheltered often fetch-limited urban beaches, without site-specific calibration. This paper focuses on the calibration and potential applications of three different numerical models to better understand coastal processes on the Sandringham Beach in Port Phillip Bay, Victoria. First, the shoreline position model ShorelineS was applied to understand beach rotation, seasonal trends in shoreline movement and long-term rates of shoreline change. Model calibration was informed by monthly monitoring data, including drone-based topographic surveys and wave buoy data. Next, the storm response model XBeach was calibrated using observed wave events and measured changes in the coastal profile. The models were collectively used to give new insight on the beach dynamics at short, medium, and long timescales. Outputs of the XBeach and ShorelineS modelling were then used to inform variables for projecting shoreface translation to sea level rise using the ShoreTrans model, where the sensitivity to different trajectories of barrier rollover and translation were assessed. Isolating the cross-shore adjustment in ShoreTrans allowed the idealised beach topography to be reconstructed for a sea level rise scenario representing the year 2100. Balance of alongshore sediment flux was achieved by passing volume from profile to profile according to the net sediment balance in the system, informed by long-term rates. The paper introduces a conceptual a multi-model workflow that is proposed for exploring present day and future scenarios, with application for hazard management and adaptation design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
15. An Improved One-Line Evolution Formulation for the Dynamic Shoreline Planforms of Embayed Beaches.
- Author
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Tao, Hung-Cheng, Hsu, Tai-Wen, and Fan, Chia-Ming
- Subjects
SHORELINES ,BEACHES ,CARTESIAN coordinates - Abstract
In this paper, an improved one-line evolution formulation is proposed and derived for the dynamic shoreline planforms of embayed beaches. Although embayed sandy beaches can perform several functions, serving as leisure spots and areas of coastal protection, shoreline advances and retreats occur continuously as a result of many natural forces, such as winds, waves, currents, tides, etc. The one-line evolution formulation for dynamic shoreline planforms based on the polar coordinate can be adopted to simulate high-planform-curvature shorelines and achieve better stability and simplicity in comparison with other description coordinates. While the polar coordinate and rectangular control volume are adopted to derive the one-line evolution formulation for dynamic shoreline planforms, the difference between the radial direction of the polar coordinate and the normal direction of the shoreline segment may result in inaccurate predictions of shoreline movements. In this study, a correction coefficient, which can adjust the influence of these two misaligned directions, is derived and included in the one-line evolution formulation, which is based on the polar coordinate. Thus, by considering the correction coefficient, an improved one-line evolution formulation for dynamic shoreline planforms of crenulate-shaped bays is proposed in this paper. Some numerical examples are provided to verify the merits of the proposed improved one-line evolution formulation. Moreover, the proposed numerical approach is applied to simulate the dynamic movements of the shoreline in Taitung—the southeastern part of Taiwan—and the effectiveness of the proposed formulation in solving realistic engineering applications is evidently verified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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16. Editorial: Special issue on resilient supply chains through innovative logistics management.
- Author
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Chen, Peggy S. and Fei, Jiangang
- Subjects
SUPPLY chains ,THIRD-party logistics ,LOGISTICS ,REVERSE logistics ,NORTHEAST Passage ,FOOD chains ,BEACHES - Abstract
This study provides empirically grounded evidence for firms to evaluate co-location decision choices and help buyers and sellers to devise business strategies to enhance inter-firm competitive rivalry and bargaining power. It uses a theoretical framework to investigate the relationships between different innovation-oriented dynamic capabilities, dynamic resilience and firm performance among logistics service providers (LSPs) and in-house logistics departments of industrial companies during the COVID-19 pandemic. Global logistics and supply chains (SCs) have faced challenges arising from trade wars, environmental issues, climate change, natural disasters, increased fuel costs, and particularly the recent global pandemic. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Microplastics in beach sediments, seawater, and common fish in tourist destinations.
- Author
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Go, M., Ybañez, A., Illano, A., Cababat, F., and De La Calzada, L.
- Subjects
MARINE ecosystem health ,SOLUTION (Chemistry) ,TOUR brokers & operators ,TOURIST attractions ,PLASTIC scrap ,BEACHES - Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The global concern over microplastic pollution has been on the rise, primarily due to its detrimental effects on marine ecosystems and the potential health risks it poses to humans. Tourism activities are the main sources of plastic waste that deteriorates into microplastics. This study monitors microplastic contamination in marine environments at tourist destinations and suggests policies and initiatives that encourage tourism operators, locals, and tourists to adopt practices that reduce microplastic pollution. This endeavor is in line with the journal's objective to oversee the environmental consequences and advocate for improved environmental management strategies. This study aims to quantify microplastics in beach sediments, seawater, and the gastrointestinal tract and muscles of three fish species, Selar crumenophthalmus, Auxis thazard, and Sardina pilchardus, which are commonly found in the municipalities of Moalboal and Badian, tourist destinations in Southern Cebu Province, Philippines. METHODS: This study followed the approved procedures outlined in prior studies for gathering, handling, and examining microplastics found in sediment, seawater, and fish tissue samples. Sediment and seawater were collected from four sampling points at each study site using sterilized bottle containers. Sediment samples underwent oven-drying, passed through a 5-millimeter mesh, underwent density separation with a saturated salt solution, and were then filtered with filter paper. For seawater, the bottle grab method was utilized for sampling, followed by gravity filtration performed in triplicate to ensure thorough extraction of microplastics. The selection of fish species was determined by their common presence in nearby markets. Samples of gastrointestinal tract and muscle tissues were meticulously processed, treated with chemicals, and digested in order to aid in the isolation of microplastics. The quantification of microplastics was conducted under a stereomicroscope. FINDINGS: Moalboal exhibited higher average microplastic counts in sediments (0.12 items per gram) and seawater (0.06 items per gram) than Badian, which had 0.08 items per gram in sediments and 0.04 items per gram in seawater. There was no significant difference in the microplastic levels found in sediments and seawater between the two towns, as indicated by a p-value greater than 0.05. Similarly, there were no significant differences in microplastic abundance in fish between these sites. Significant disparities were noted in the abundance of microplastics across distinct fish species and anatomical segments. Auxis thazard showed significantly the highest microplastic particles (0.33 ± 0.10 in muscles; 0.077 ± 0.04 in the gastrointestinal tract) than other species. The microplastic abundance between Selar crumenophthalmus (0.20 ± 0.09; 0.055 ± 0.03), and Sardinella pilchardus (0.16 ± 0.03; 0.050 ± 0.04) did not significantly differ. In each fish sample, the presence of microplastics was notably more pronounced in the gastrointestinal tract than in the muscle tissue, demonstrating a statistically significant difference at a significance level of p<0.05. The average daily microplastic intake ranged from 4.75 to 7.60 particles based on consuming these fish species, using a per capita fish consumption rate of 34.27 kilograms per year. CONCLUSION: Moalboal and Badian, popular tourist destinations, are contaminated with microplastics, as evidenced by the presence of microplastic particles in samples of beach sediments, seawater, and fish species from these areas. The potential impacts of microplastic pollution on human health have raised concerns due to the estimated intake of microplastics through the consumption of contaminated fish. This study highlights the urgent need for strategies to address microplastic pollution and reduce human exposure. Recommendations comprise of educating the general public, implementing stringent policy measures, and conducting thorough surveillance that involves tourists, tourism operators, and the local community. These measures aim to safeguard human health, preserve the marine environment, and protect biodiversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Deep Learning-Based Calculation Method for the Dry Beach Length in Tailing Ponds Using Satellite Images.
- Author
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Duan, Zhijie, Tian, Yu, Li, Quanming, Liu, Guangyu, Cui, Xuan, and Zhang, Shumao
- Subjects
TAILINGS dams ,REMOTE-sensing images ,DEEP learning ,BEACHES ,PONDS - Abstract
The dry beach length determines the hydraulic boundary of tailings impoundments and significantly impacts the infiltration line, which is crucial for the tailings dam. A deep learning method utilizing satellite images is presented to recognize the dry beach area and accurately measure the length of dry beaches in tailing ponds. Firstly, satellite images of various tailing ponds were gathered and the collection was enlarged to create a dataset of satellite images of tailing ponds. Then, a deep learning method was created using YOLOv5-seg to identify the dry beach area of tailing ponds from satellite images. The mask of the dry beach region was segmented and contour extraction was then carried out. Finally, the beach crest line was fitted based on the extracted contour. The pixel distance between the beach crest line and the dry beach boundary was measured and then translated into real distance by ground resolution. This paper's case study compared the calculated length of dry beach with the real length obtained by field monitoring. The results of the case study showed that the minimum error of the method was 2.10%, the maximum error was 3.46%, and the average error was 2.70%, indicating high precision for calculating dry beach length in tailing ponds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Assessing Water Erosion Improvement in Beach Sand Treated with Bioslurry Using a Surface Percolation Technique.
- Author
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Schmillen, Peter E., Booshi, Saeed, Macias, Joana, Kosovac, Amar, Crowley, Raphael, Ellis, Terri N., and Wingender, Brian
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BEACH erosion ,BEACHES ,PERCOLATION ,SLURRY ,COASTAL changes ,SAND ,SCANNING electron microscopy ,RESEARCH personnel - Abstract
Over the last 15 years, microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) has emerged as a possible solution to mitigate coastal erosion. To date, most MICP soil treatments that have been studied involve column injection using a pump. In recent years, MICP application through surface percolation has gained traction as an alternative technique, but data using this technique are limited. More recently, a new treatment recipe/technique was developed, and this technique was termed bioslurry. Like most MICP studies, research with bioslurry has concentrated on the column injection method, and surface percolation has received very limited attention. This paper discusses the treatment of Florida beach sand by surface percolating bioslurry. Researchers experimented with variations of the bioslurry recipe to optimize erosion resistance, which was assessed using a pocket erodometer combined with physical measurements. In addition, treated specimen morphology was preliminarily examined using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Results showed that erosion resistance was maximized when 15% to 25% of the specimens' pore volumes were filled with bioslurry and that this erosion resistance may be sufficient to withstand worst-case storm events after only one treatment. In addition, previous researchers always used a relatively long (i.e., ∼12 h) stir time when preparing bioslurry. Results presented here show that it may be possible to produce comparable data with much shorter stir times (i.e., 1 to 2 h). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Special issue: Group psychotherapy: between settled benchmarks and new horizons.
- Author
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Esposito, Giovanna and Schultz-Venrath, Ulrich
- Subjects
GROUP psychotherapy ,PSYCHODYNAMIC psychotherapy ,BEACHES - Abstract
The article presents the discussion on group psychotherapies encountered many difficulties of application and demonstration of effectiveness and efficacy. Topics include providing a forum of discussion about concepts, models and methods that can be considered building blocks for research in group psychotherapy; and verifying the efficacy of some innovative or integrated models of group interventions.
- Published
- 2022
21. The boy on the beach: Shifts in US policy discourses on Syrian asylum following the death of Alan Kurdi.
- Author
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Imanishi, Kelsey Oliver
- Subjects
POLICY discourse ,SYRIANS ,POLITICAL asylum ,SYRIAN refugees ,BEACHES ,MASS media & politics ,REFUGEES - Abstract
The impact of iconic imagery on policymaking during humanitarian crises is oft-discussed within the literature. When rapid humanitarianization or sudden policy shifts emerge, researchers seek to identify why. One potential explanation is that of 'focusing events' – sudden, harmful events which destabilize political consensuses and elevate marginal agendas. While focusing events have been used to explain the impact of large-scale accidents and disasters, this paper extends their usage to activist-generated events such as the iconization of images of the drowned Syrian toddler, Alan Kurdi, during the 2015 migrant crisis. In exploring the Kurdi images' impact on US media and political discourses of asylum, this paper finds that asylum-related discourses became increasingly sympathetic and domestically focused, eventually culminating in the announcement of an increase in resettlement targets for Syrian migrants. By expanding conceptualizations of focusing events to cases such as Kurdi's, this paper supplements understandings of the agenda-setting function of iconic imagery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Utilising underwater and aerial drones for structure damage assessment and repair audits.
- Author
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Lavin, E. Pombo, Jayewardene, I., and Handley, N.
- Subjects
DRONE aircraft ,COASTAL zone management ,ATMOSPHERIC temperature ,BEACHES ,GEOGRAPHIC information systems - Abstract
Since 1993, Manly Hydraulics Laboratory (MHL) has been involved in the assessment of marine structures, particularly working for the Maritime Infrastructure Delivery Office (MIDO) of Transport for NSW monitoring the 65 major training walls/breakwaters on the NSW coastline. However, since 2018 MHL has started to use new procedures and technologies to optimise the monitoring processes. These new procedures have involved the utilisation of unmanned vehicles above and under water. This paper will present advantages in utilising aerial and underwater drone surveys for marine structure assessments and demonstrate the ability to integrate GIS software analysis to further enhance the easy identification of field data that could be utilised in the modelling and maintenance requirements. Structures considered are breakwater armour units, piles, pontoons, seawalls and jetties. The paper will also briefly compare methodologies used internationally and provide examples of how MHL can take advantage of those methodologies using drone data to improve the accuracy and quality of the marine structure assessments. This paper draws on the extensive combined experience of MIDO and MHL to trace the evolution of assessment and modelling of repair maintenance problems of breakwaters on the NSW coastline but also on the recent experience of MHL with the auditing of diverse array of marine structures using drones. The paper will also provide an insight into lessons that have been learnt and present successful investigations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
23. Improving Operational Swell Forecasting for New South Wales Ports.
- Author
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Uslu, Burak, Echevarria, Emilio, and Rapizo, Henrique
- Subjects
HARBORS ,BEACHES ,COASTAL zone management ,DECISION making ,ATMOSPHERIC temperature - Abstract
This paper aims to improve swell forecasting for the East Coast of Australia for operational use in ports. In New South Wales (NSW), low-pressure systems sitting close to the coastline for extended periods of time can create swell systems that can be hard to predict and plan around. This paper surveyed databases from OMC International, MetOcean Solutions and the Bureau of Meteorology and investigated how numerical forecasts compared against observations. Based on historical events, numerical models underestimated both swell amplitudes in central and northern NSW and numerical predictions were also predicting swell arrival times late, while predictions fared much better in the South Coast. Swell periods were underestimated by on average 0.5s seconds throughout the state. We confirmed this 0.5s period difference and improve offshore swell amplitudes by running the Wave Watch III (WW3) model forced with the BLUE link Reanalysis (BRAN) ocean surface currents but were unsuccessful in downscaling this to the port environment. We believe a further wave-current interaction study could greatly improve the numerical modelling of East Coast low events in NSW. Machine Learning regression models were developed based on historical analysis using currents, swell, wind observations and forecasts. Machine Learning successfully improved swell amplitude for targeted swell events. In conclusion, a spectral wave model with improved ocean circulation forcing and using machine learning for downscaling can greatly improve wave forecasting with direction implications for safety and economy of port operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
24. Sediment distribution and transport pattern in the nearshore region, southeast coast of India.
- Author
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Pradhan, Umakanta, Naik, Subrat, Mishra, Pravakar, Panda, Uma Sankar, and Murthy, M. V. Ramana
- Subjects
SEDIMENT transport ,BEACHES ,COASTS ,FREIGHT trucking ,WATER depth ,SEDIMENT sampling ,TREND analysis ,ROCK texture - Abstract
The present paper aimed to assess the sediment distribution pattern, mode of transport, and its interaction with hydrodynamic and topographic conditions at different depths and regions along the east coast of India. About 900 surficial sediment samples were collected and analysed on a monthly basis for the Chennai coastal region at 32 stations from 2013 to 2015. The study region is classified into four types, such as beach, inlet, 5 m, and 10 m depth. Sediment textural and grain size trend analyses were conducted to achieve the objectives. Sediment characteristics for the region were recorded as sandy, equally dominated by unimodal and bimodal at the beach, while unimodal at shallow depths (5 and 15 m). The sediments were medium sand to coarse sand at the beach, mostly fine followed by medium at 5 and 15 m depths. The sediment sorting is dominated by moderately well-sorted sediments; the skewness of beach sediments was negative, while nearshore sediments were found positive; average kurtosis values of sediments were noticed to be mesokurtic. The CM plot depicts that the sediments were mostly derived by tractive current, and the modes of transport are "bottom suspension and rolling" and "graded suspension no rolling" at beach locations and shallow water depths, respectively. The GSTA analysis reveals the annual average sediment transport pattern is northerly. The numerical hydrodynamic study confirms the GSTA and CM plot analysis. The study reveals a stable sedimentary environment south of the Chennai port and instability in the northern part. The study includes large spatiotemporal nearshore sediment data with hydrodynamic conditions, immensely helpful to coastal stakeholders and researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. A Systematic Review of Oceanic-Atmospheric Variations and Coastal Erosion in Continental Latin America: Historical Trends, Future Projections, and Management Challenges.
- Author
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Vallarino-Castillo, Ruby, Negro-Valdecantos, Vicente, and del Campo, José María
- Subjects
BEACH erosion ,EL Nino ,LA Nina ,COASTS ,STORM surges ,EROSION ,BEACHES - Abstract
The intricate interplay of oceanic-atmospheric variations has intensified erosive processes on sandy beaches in recent decades, with climate change expected to exacerbate these impacts in the future. Projections for the southern Atlantic and Pacific regions of continental Latin America predict increased extreme events and heightened impacts on sandy beaches, highlighting disparities in studies addressing coastal erosion and its causes. To address these risks, a systematic review is proposed to analyze historical trends and projections, aiming to inform local-level studies and management strategies for at-risk coastal communities. Reviewing 130 research papers, insights reveal the influence of climatic events like El Niño and La Niña on coastal dynamics, as well as the effects of storm intensification and extreme events such as high-intensity waves and storm surges on Latin American coasts, resulting in ecosystem, economic, and infrastructure losses. Projections indicate a rise in the population inhabiting Low Elevation Coastal Zones (LECZ) by the century's end, emphasizing the urgent need for effective management and planning. Community engagement in erosion monitoring and adaptation programs is crucial for addressing these challenges and developing robust, sustainable, long-term adaptation strategies. This study aims to enhance the understanding of coastal erosion in Latin American communities addressing future coastal risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Coastal Adaptation Pathways and Tipping Points for Typical Mediterranean Beaches under Future Scenarios.
- Author
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Sánchez-Arcilla Jr., Agustín, Gracia, Vicente, and Sánchez-Arcilla, Agustín
- Subjects
NATURAL resources ,COASTS ,COASTAL engineering ,COASTAL zone management ,MEDITERRANEAN climate ,BEACHES - Abstract
Coastal zones experience increasing climatic and human pressures, which lead to growing risks and tipping points (TPs) under future scenarios and natural resource scarcity. To avoid crossing TPs with irreversible coastal losses, this paper proposes the development of adaptation pathways based on advanced coastal oceanography and engineering knowledge that enables a comprehensive assessment of evolving coastal risks. These pathways feature sequential interventions steered by simulations and observations as a function of available coastal resources (mainly space and sediment) and risks for infrastructure and socioeconomic assets. Such an adaptation has been developed for urban and peri-urban Mediterranean beaches, considering conventional coastal engineering together with nature-based solutions (NbS). Both types of interventions are assessed in terms of key physical variables, which serve to evaluate performance and estimate TPs. This analysis supports the new coastal protection and management plan promoted by the regional government of Catalonia and the coastal adaptation plan of the central government of Spain. The approach and results illustrate the potential of adaptation pathways for beach sustainability, enhancing the compatibility between short-/long-term coastal protection objectives under present/future climate and management scenarios. The development of adaptation pathways underpins increasing stakeholder cooperation to achieve shared decisions for coastal sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Characterization of Multi-Decadal Beach Changes in Cartagena Bay (Valparaíso, Chile) from Satellite Imagery.
- Author
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Briceño de Urbaneja, Idania C., Pardo-Pascual, Josep E., Cabezas-Rabadán, Carlos, Aguirre, Catalina, Martínez, Carolina, Pérez-Martínez, Waldo, and Palomar-Vázquez, Jesús
- Subjects
REMOTE-sensing images ,SHORELINES ,BEACHES ,BEACH erosion ,EL Nino ,SOUTHERN oscillation ,LANDSAT satellites ,COASTAL sediments - Abstract
Sandy coastlines are very dynamic spaces affected by a variety of natural and human factors. In Central Chile, changes in oceanographic and wave conditions, modes of inter-annual climate variability such as El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and extreme events such as earthquakes and tsunamis condition the beach morphology. At the same time, direct human actions alter the arrival of sediments to the coast and their alongshore distribution. Despite the relevance of the beaches for this coastal region and the interesting relationship their morphology has with the aforementioned factors, there is a lack of robust morphological datasets to provide a deep characterization and understanding of the dynamism of the Chilean coast. Based on the information provided by satellite-derived shorelines (SDSs) defined by using the SHOREX algorithm, this paper characterizes the morphological changes of Playa Grande in Cartagena Bay (Central Chile) during the period 1985–2019. The shoreline position data are analyzed in the context of changing beach transforming elements, allowing for a better understanding of the changes according to multiple drivers. While some of these factors, such as earthquakes or coastal storms, have a punctual character, changes in wave patterns vary at different time scales, from seasonal to multi-annual, linked to climate phases such as ENSO. Its effects are translated into shoreline erosion and accretion conditioned by the morphology and orientation of the coast while influenced by the availability of sediment in the coastal system. According to that, a conceptual model of the dynamism and redistribution of sediment in the Bay of Cartagena is proposed. The work proves the high utility that the systematic analysis of multi-decadal SDS datasets obtained from the images acquired in the optical by the Landsat and Sentinel-2 offer for beach monitoring and understanding the coastal dynamism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Gendered spaces and entanglements: analysis of fisher couples' decision-making and practices in Ghana's Western region.
- Author
-
Adjei, Moses
- Subjects
- *
COUPLES , *FISHERY processing , *SEAFOOD markets , *BEACHES , *SEAWATER , *DECISION making , *PUBLIC spaces - Abstract
This paper seeks to examine the agentic role of the physical spaces (e.g. landing beach, fish market and fish processing kitchen) within which fishery tasks are undertaken as they entangle with human, non-human, and discursive forces to co-create gendered subjectivities in fisher couples' decision-making and practices. The paper is based on larger ethnographic study on fisher couples' decision-making and practices in Ghana's Western region, using participatory ethnographic observation including photo elicitation, vignettes and 38 in-depth interviews. Findings from the study indicate that the fish landing beach (consisting of sea water and sandy coast) played active roles in the kinds of tasks men and women could perform. The ability of the sea water to wet women's long dresses, coupled with their menstrual body and discourse of women as unclean worked together to limit women's ability to engage in activities, such as fishing. In terms of fish processing and trading, the study showed that the enclosed nature of fish processing kitchen served as a protective force which prevented public scrutiny of couples' household practices to allow for husbands to help their wives in fish processing and storage. In instances of disagreement, the bedroom played a protective role where couples settled their differences on somewhat equal ground. Tracing the agentic and constitutive role of spaces, shift our focus from a purely social understanding of gender towards a holistic view of the multiple and complex pathways through which the environment and matter combine with discourses to co-create continuous and flexible (re)iterations of gender emergences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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- View/download PDF
29. A Politics of Mobility and B/ordering in a Changing Riverscape in Cambodia.
- Author
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Ming Li Yong, Grundy-Warr, Carl, and Shaun Lin
- Subjects
- *
EDUCATIONAL mobility , *POLITICAL geography , *WATERSHEDS , *WATER power , *FOOD security , *INTERGENERATIONAL mobility , *PRACTICAL politics , *BEACHES - Abstract
Hydropower development taking place on the Mekong River's mainstream and tributaries across the river basin, including Cambodia, is threatening livelihoods and food security by altering critical mobilities associated with the unique ecosystems of the Mekong River. In this paper, we seek to understand how a politics of mobility around hydropower development links both human and nonhuman entities along the Mekong River in Cambodia. We examine how dams transform myriad localized cross-border and riparian political geographies of the physical-human landscape through partial enclosures, up-downstream reorderings and b/orderings of hydrosocial relations. To explain these transformations, we posit that it is necessary to pay attention to the politics of human and nonhuman (such as water, sediment, and fish) mobilities that are shaped by hydropower dams and the new forms of mobilities engendered as a result. We examine how hydropower development renders water, fish, and sediment immobile, or alters their routes and rhythms in ways that optimize the generation of hydropower but which create new concerns around these changing nonhuman mobilities for riparian communities in Cambodia. There is a tension that exists between technical representations and community experiences of these nonhuman mobilities, which raise implications for the exacerbation of vulnerabilities among Cambodian Mekong communities. In this paper, we focus our analysis on selected sites in Cambodia: 1) Stung Treng Province, downstream of Laos' Don Sahong Dam and the Cambodia-Lao border riverscape, and 2) the Tonle Sap Lake (water-based and floodplain areas), to highlight these changing mobilities and the critical processes of b/ordering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. The Influence of Beachrock Outcrop on Spatial Variability in Beach Morphology.
- Author
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Xu, Junhui, Wang, Yanhong, and Lu, Peidong
- Subjects
BEACHES ,BEACHROCK ,SEDIMENTARY rocks ,CARBONATE rocks ,INTERTIDAL zonation ,MORPHOLOGY - Abstract
Beachrock is a type of coastal carbonate sedimentary rock developed in the sandy beach intertidal zone, widely distributed along the beach front, and the loss of beach sediment is the main cause of beachrock exposure. Based on the analysis of measured data of different exposure forms of beachrocks in profiles, this paper analyzes the main features and influences of non-dynamic factors, such as the exposure position and morphology, of beachrocks on the dynamic geomorphic processes of beaches. Studies have shown that (1) changes between beach energy dissipation bodies are significant features of coastal geomorphic processes under the influence of beachrocks. The first spatial mode of EOF analysis shows that the erosion position of beach-rock-exposed profiles is mainly concentrated in the protected and real sections of beachrock, and the first temporal mode indicates that the exposure of beachrock results in a lagged response of its profile to dynamic environmental changes. (2) The differences in the exposure forms of beachrocks determine the sand-holding space of the beach, and the differences in the lateral exposure positions of beachrocks determine the main areas where erosion occurs on the profile. Meanwhile, the geomorphic processes of their profiles show different degrees of feedback, and such geomorphic phenomena can serve as reference indicators for the stage-wise evolution process influenced by beachrocks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Report of the Editor American Economic Journal: Applied Economics.
- Author
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OLKEN, BENJAMIN
- Subjects
APPLIED economics ,ECONOMICS education ,BEACHES ,BUSINESS schools ,INDUSTRIAL organization (Economic theory) ,URBAN economics ,REGIONAL economics - Abstract
The article is a report from the editor of the American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, a journal that publishes empirical papers on various topics in applied economics. The report discusses the distribution of papers published, the editorial process, and the use of associate editors. The journal aims for quick turnaround times and has increased the number of papers published per year. The given text appears to be a list of names, possibly of authors or contributors to a document or publication, but it is unclear what the specific content of the document is based solely on the list of names. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
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- View/download PDF
32. The accessibility of beaches for blind people and their guide dogs: accessible tourism and inclusion in Spain.
- Author
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Florido-Benítez, Lázaro
- Subjects
GUIDE dogs ,ACCESSIBLE tourism ,BEACHES ,INTERNATIONAL tourism ,TOURIST attractions ,RESEARCH personnel - Abstract
Copyright of Tourism Review is the property of Emerald Publishing Limited and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
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33. A decade of 'blue tourism' sustainability research: Exploring the impact of cruise tourism on coastal areas.
- Author
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Papathanassis, Alexis
- Subjects
TOURISM impact ,BLUE economy ,TOURISM ,THEMATIC analysis ,SUSTAINABILITY ,TOURISM websites ,FOOD tourism ,BEACHES - Abstract
Cruise tourism research has developed exponentially during the past decades. Global tourism activity in general and cruises in particular are concentrated in coastal areas and represent a dominant part of the so-called 'blue economy'. Within this context, the public debate surrounding the impact of cruise tourism on port communities reflects a narrative of unsustainable growth, environmental pollution and negative globalisation-related symbolism. Yet, the relatively small size of the cruise sector and the over-focus on emissions arguably misrepresents the overall impact and potential of this tourism domain for portside communities, economies and ecosystems. Cruise-related scientific research, as probably expected, offers a much more refined and holistic picture, transcending the somewhat populist public debate on this matter. Based on a systematic literature review examining cruise-related papers published between 1983 and 2009, Papathanassis and Beckmann (2011) Annals of Tourism Research 38(1), 153-174, identified 145 papers, which were subsequently subjected to a metadata- and a thematic-analysis. Approximately, a quarter of them addressed the environmental-, social- and economic impacts of cruising on coastal regions. A decade later, and following an analogous methodological approach, a total of 305 cruise research papers, published between 2012 and 2022, yielded 161 relevant papers, subjected to the same coding scheme and thematically compared to previous findings. The subsequent thematic analysis, revealed a comprehensive set of issues, opportunities and challenges cruise tourism poses to coastal areas. Following a critical discussion of past developments and their trajectory, a future research and action agenda is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. The Coastline Paradox: A New Perspective.
- Author
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McNamara, Gerard and da Silva, Guilherme Vieira
- Subjects
SCIENTIFIC literature ,ABSOLUTE sea level change ,COASTAL changes ,PARADOX ,COASTS ,BEACHES - Abstract
McNamara, G. and Vieira da Silva, G., 2023. The coastline paradox: A new perspective. Journal of Coastal Research, 39(1), 45–54. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. The coastline paradox, which suggests that coastlines have indefinite lengths, is a widespread and misleading concept that has endured in scientific literature for over 50 years. This paper argues that the length of a coastline is real and finite. The measurement of coastlines allows for the quantification of coastline dynamics and engineering responses to these changes. The real difficulties in measuring sometimes complex coastal shapes have taken the appearance of an unreal impossibility. The paradox is resolved using three methods. The first examines definitions used to establish the features to which "coastline" refers. The second applies these definitions to the measurement of real coastlines. Finally, a geometrical analysis is carried out to resolve the paradox mathematically. The purpose of this paper is to help resolve the paradox and reduce confusion surrounding the topic, which will be of direct use for coastal communities and planners to assess and respond to coastline changes and sea-level rise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. The World Atlas of Last Interglacial Shorelines (version 1.0).
- Author
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Rovere, Alessio, Ryan, Deirdre D., Vacchi, Matteo, Dutton, Andrea, Simms, Alexander R., and Murray-Wallace, Colin V.
- Subjects
BEACHES ,SHORELINES ,DATABASES ,COMMUNITIES ,VOLCANIC ash, tuff, etc. ,PALEOCLIMATOLOGY - Abstract
This paper presents version 1.0 of the World Atlas of Last Interglacial Shorelines (WALIS), a global database of sea-level proxies and samples dated to marine isotope stage 5 (∼ 80 to 130 ka). The database includes a series of datasets compiled in the framework of a special issue published in this journal (https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/special%5fissue1055.html , last access: 15 December 2022). This paper collates the individual contributions (archived in a Zenodo community at https://zenodo.org/communities/walis%5fdatabase/ , last access: 15 December 2022) into an open-access, standalone database (Rovere et al., 2022, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7348242). The release of WALIS 1.0 includes complete documentation and scripts to download, analyze, and visualize the data (https://alerovere.github.io/WALIS/ , last access: 15 December 2022). The database contains 4545 sea-level proxies (e.g., marine terraces or fossil beach deposits), 4110 dated samples (e.g., corals dated with U-series), and 280 other time constraints (e.g., biostratigraphic constraints or tephra layers) interconnected with several tables containing accessory data and metadata. By creating a centralized database of sea-level proxy data for the Last Interglacial, the WALIS database will be a valuable resource to the broader paleoclimate community to facilitate data–model integration and intercomparisons, assessments of sea-level reconstructions between different studies and different regions, as well as comparisons between past sea-level history and other paleoclimate proxy data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Reflections on a Golden Jubilee: Celebrating 50 years of Population Geography within the Royal Geographical Society (with IBG)'s journals.
- Author
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Buyuklieva, Boyana, Cranston, Sophie, McCollum, David, Beech, Suzanne, Botterill, Katherine, Catney, Gemma, Darlington‐Pollock, Frances, Finney, Nissa, Shubin, Sergei, Tebbett, Natalie, and Waite, Catherine
- Subjects
POPULATION geography ,DEMOGRAPHIC change ,GEOGRAPHY ,DECOLONIZATION ,GEOGRAPHERS ,RESEARCH teams ,BEACHES - Abstract
This commentary celebrates the 50th anniversary of the Population Geography Research Group (PGRG) of the Royal Geographical Society with the Institute of British Geographers (RGS‐IBG) by drawing on journal papers within Area, The Geographical Journal and Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers presented in the virtual issue by the same name (https://rgs‐ibg.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/toc/10.1111/(ISSN)9999‐0017.50yrs‐pop‐geography). It presents an introduction to the core research threads within Population Geography over the past half‐century. The celebratory issue and the editorial guide readers through diverse and prolific contributions to Population Geography scholarship within the RGS‐IBG journals across three core themes: the spatio‐demographic characteristics of populations, the mobility that connects these, and emergent characteristics of places. This introduction is only a flavour of a vast and growing body of Population Geography research. Notwithstanding, it indicates how the sub‐discipline has and will continue to shape debates on the study of population change to consider its complex nature, drivers, and consequences. Despite differences in methods and approaches, the sub‐discipline unites to explore populations in space in an applied manner. This issue also highlights fundamental challenges going forward. Calls to decolonise the academy have resulted in questions of the structures through which we work – for Population Geography this means thinking about the diversity of voices, theories, and approaches. The papers in this virtual issue thus provide a grounding backdrop of knowledge as we look forward to many more years of lively debate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Identification of the Sediment Movement Mechanism via Grain Size and Shape: A Case Study of a Beach in Eastern Hainan Island in South China.
- Author
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Cheng, Wufeng, Chen, Shenliang, Zhu, Jun, Zhong, Xiaojing, Hu, Jin, and Guo, Junli
- Subjects
GRAIN size ,BEACHES ,SEDIMENT transport ,DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory) ,SEDIMENTS ,ISLANDS ,CURVES - Abstract
This paper used dynamic image analysis (DIA) to analyze the grain size and shape data of beach surface sediments in Bao'ding Bay, eastern Hainan Island, China, and explored the effects of sediment transport modes and beach morphology on the grain size–shape trend curves. This paper adopted a method of combining grain size cumulative frequency curves and grain size–shape trend curves to identify three sediment transport modes: suspension, saltation, and traction, and analyzed the characteristics of the grain size–shape trend curves under different beach morphologies (reflective, intermediate, and dissipative). This paper found that the grain size–shape trend curves can effectively indicate the sediment transport modes and improve the accuracy of subpopulation division; the grain size–shape trend curves showed different distribution characteristics in the cross-shore and longshore directions, which are closely related to the beach's morphology and sediment transport direction. This paper provides a new method and idea for studying beach sediment transport and sedimentary environment using sediment grain size and shape data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF THE BURNING MAN FESTIVAL'S MARKETING EVOLUTION.
- Author
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Rausser, Gordon and Strielkowski, Wadim
- Subjects
MARKETING ,ART festivals ,BEACHES ,RITES & ceremonies ,DUST storms ,NETWORK hubs - Abstract
This paper focuses on the economic and marketing analysis of the Burning Man event (also known as the "Burning Man festival"). It is doing so by tracing the festival's evolution from a small bonfire ritual on San Francisco beach in California in 1986 to a globally renowned art festival held for the whole full week before the Labor Day weekend in Nevada's Black Rock Desert. The festival has gradually become one of the world's top "must-see" and "must-attend" attractions (often getting various nicknames by the press and researchers - from the "magic circus in the desert" to the "lucrative circus" or "Silicon Valley playground"). Currently, Burning Man is attracting more than 60,000 participants (who call themselves "Burners") annually and making over $8 million in tickets and donations (there has been a cap implemented on the maximum number of participants due to the environmental and land protection concerns since the current venue is located in the National Conservation Area). It has also served as an inspiration for a series of similar festivals or smaller events organized in other parts of the world, from Lithuania to Spain (or even Israel), helping to create and sustain the global "Burning Man" worldwide community. Drawing on data from more than 500 surveys conducted at the different Burning Man festivals between 2012 and 2018 by the authors, this paper explores the transformation of the Burning Man event into a high-end event characterized by significant expenditure and participation from upper social echelons. Contrary to popular perception, Burning Man emerges not as a 'hippie' Woodstock-type gathering but as an elite networking hub, highlighting the interplay of luxury and 'radical expression'. The research reveals that average spending per participant ranges from $5,000 to $6,000 (including tickets, travel costs, gear, supplies, and gifts), challenging the festival's accessibility. Furthermore, despite the allure of the event, the demanding Black Rock desert environment distinguished by the severe temperature changes and alkaline dust storms often happening on a dry lakebed (or "playa") seems to deter repeat attendance among wealthier participants. Our paper contributes to understanding the dynamics of popular festival marketing and the shifting demographic profile of the Burning Man festival, offering insights into its exclusivity and the economic implications of its 'radical expression' ethos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Wave Forcing Assessment at Regional Scale in a Climate Change Scenario: The Sardinia Case Study.
- Author
-
Pasquali, Davide, Bruschi, Antonello, Lisi, Iolanda, and Risio, Marcello Di
- Subjects
WAVE forces ,LONG-Term Evolution (Telecommunications) ,WATER quality ,WAVE analysis ,DATABASES ,BEACHES - Abstract
In recent decades, the world's population is progressively shifting towards coastal areas, and it is estimated that it could reach 1 billion by 2050. On the other hand, meteocean forcings show increasing modification in terms of the occurrence and frequency of energetic events related to climate change trends. Then, the definition of adaptation strategies is crucial to managing coastal areas, especially in the most densely populated or highly valued tourist and environmental areas. Meaningful long-term strategies should then be based on quantitative estimation of future scenarios in a changing climate. Although most of the studies in the literature focus on extreme events, this paper aims to assess, through synthetic indicators, whether and how average and mild energy conditions related to wave climate will vary considering the current situation compared to future projections. The study is based on the analysis of wave data. The projection of average and mild energy conditions can indeed influence, just for example, the long-term morphodynamics of sandy beaches and the quality of bathing waters. Data extracted from the Copernicus database are considered. The methodology has been applied to the case of Sardinia island at a regional scale. Then, the aim of this paper is twofold: on the one hand, a method is proposed to evaluate the variation of average and mild wave conditions; on the other hand, it aims to apply the method to the case study of the Sardinia coastal area to highlight its feasibility. Results confirm that variations are expected. In the analyzed case study, it emerges that, on average, the long-term evolution of the wave climate shows a tendency toward intensification, while a decrease in the frequency of calm conditions is estimated. The average annual number of events undergoes an increase. Moreover, changes in wave directional sectors are observed, which, from being unimodal, are estimated to exhibit bimodal characteristics in particular on the west coast of the island. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Approach and Permanent Human Occupation of Mainland Portugal Coastal Zone (1096–2021).
- Author
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Bastos, Maria Rosário, Pereira, Olegário Nelson Azevedo, Ferreira, Antero, Salgado, Filipe, Lira, Sérgio, and Dias, João Alveirinho
- Subjects
HUMAN settlements ,COASTS ,HISTORICAL source material ,BEACHES ,LONGITUDE ,CENSUS - Abstract
This paper aims to enhance the understanding of the littoralization process in mainland Portugal over a broad chronological framework. Littoralization is defined as the occupation and settlement of human communities along the coast. In this case, the analysis was based on the synchronic analysis of three chronologies: from the formation of Portugal to the settlement of the fountains (1096–1325); at the dawn of modernity, marked by the Portuguese expansion (1500–1524), with the first scientific census (1860); and in the present, with data from the last census (2021). The choice of chronology was dictated by the historical sources available and allowed us to check the trend of population dispersion both in terms of latitude and longitude, the latter being the analysis of the distance of the main population centers (counties) from the coast. In the first chronological segment, there is a "safety distance" from the exposed coastlines, which is gradually blurred over time until there is an impressive coastal demographic concentration in 2021, with around 80% of people settled within 50 km of the sea. So, the management of Portugal's territory is an unequivocal indicator of the Anthropocene even with the risks of the disappearance of some beaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Discussion of "Liquefaction susceptibility of beach sand containing plastic fines", by Hamza Saeed, Zalihe Nalbantoglu & Eris Uygar; Marine Georesources & Geotechnology, DOI: 10.1080/1064119X.2021.2007556.
- Author
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Cherif Taiba, Abdellah, Mahmoudi, Youcef, and Belkhatir, Mostefa
- Subjects
- *
GEOTECHNICAL engineering , *SAND , *PLASTICS , *BEACHES , *FINES (Penalties) - Abstract
This paper has been prepared to detail the main theme of the published paper in the journal of Marine Georesources and Geotechnology; entitled "Liquefaction susceptibility of beach sand containing plastic fines" for enhancing the content integrity to be considered as a discussion paper of Hamza Saeed, Zalihe Nalbantoglu & Eris Uygar (2021). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Artificial Nourishment Schemes along the Polish Coast and Lagoon Shores between 1980 and 2020, with a Particular Focus on the Hel Peninsula.
- Author
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Boniecka, Helena and Kubacka, Maria
- Subjects
LAGOONS ,BEACH nourishment ,PENINSULAS ,DREDGING spoil ,STORMS ,COASTS ,BEACHES ,BEACH erosion - Abstract
This article reviews the literature covering the period from 1965 to 2020 dedicated to the issue of artificial beach nourishment along the Polish coast, with a particular focus on the Hel Peninsula. The primary sources used in this work include 34 reports from unpublished case studies and projects implemented by the Department of Maritime Hydrotechnics, Maritime Institute in Gdańsk, between 1971 and 2020. This paper also presents detailed information about the total fill volume in cubic meters of dredged material deposited along the Polish coast and lagoon shores in 1980–2020. During these 40 years, approximately 40.5 million m
3 of sediment was deposited along the Polish coast and lagoon shores. Particular consideration was given to beach fills along the Hel Peninsula, which was at actual risk of breaking in its basal and central sections after intense storms at the turn of 1988 and 1989. The survey materials collected enabled the assessment of the coastal morphodynamics of the peninsula under the Coastal Protection Program through the prism of changes in the fill volume along the coastal sections, which were replenished with material coming from submarine deposits. The peninsula's stability was also assessed, taking into account the ongoing climate change. Moreover, this article discusses the proposed rules and terms for protecting the Polish coast by way of artificial nourishment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. TENet: A Texture-Enhanced Network for Intertidal Sediment and Habitat Classification in Multiband PolSAR Images.
- Author
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Zhang, Di, Wang, Wensheng, Gade, Martin, and Zhou, Huihui
- Subjects
BEACHES ,SYNTHETIC aperture radar ,INTERTIDAL zonation ,SEDIMENTS ,HABITATS ,SEAGRASSES - Abstract
This paper proposes a texture-enhanced network (TENet) for intertidal sediment and habitat classification using multiband multipolarization synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. The architecture introduces the texture enhancement module (TEM) into the UNet framework to explicitly learn global texture information from SAR images. The study sites are chosen from the northern part of the intertidal zones in the German Wadden Sea. Results show that the presented TENet model is able to detail the intertidal surface types, including land, seagrass, bivalves, bright sands/beach, water, sediments, and thin coverage of vegetation or bivalves. To further assess its performance, we quantitatively compared our results from the TENet model with different instance segmentation models for the same areas of interest. The TENet model gives finer classification accuracies and shows great potential in providing more precise locations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Application of Shore Sediments Accumulated in Navigation Channel for Restoration of Sandy Beaches around Pärnu City, SW Estonia, Baltic Sea.
- Author
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Tõnisson, Hannes, Männikus, Rain, Kont, Are, Palginõmm, Valdeko, Alari, Victor, Suuroja, Sten, Vaasma, Tiit, and Vilumaa, Kadri
- Subjects
COASTAL zone management ,BEACHES ,SEDIMENTS ,SEDIMENT transport ,EROSION ,FIELD research ,OCEAN bottom - Abstract
Sandy beaches high in recreation value make up 16% of the over 4000 km long shoreline of Estonia. The shore processes associated with climate change have remarkably accelerated over recent decades. Many sandy shores have suffered from strong erosion, including an excellent former beach at Valgeranna. The jetties, which were built in the 1860s to protect the navigation channel of Port Pärnu from clogging, have prevented natural sediment transport along the coast from south to north. At the same time, the sandy beach in Pärnu is expanding, and part of the sand accumulates with strong storms also in between the jetties, reducing the width of the shipping channel. The channel needs regular dredging, but, so far, the dredged sediment has been taken far away to the open sea and accumulated on the seabed. The current paper addresses the possibilities of using that sand for beach restoration in destructed and eroded areas. An overview of the applied methods and measurements during field studies is given. The results of modelling the processes of wave activity and sediment transport are discussed. The recycling of shore sediments is an important measure in sustainable coastal zone management. Different options and scenarios are analysed in order to find the most reasonable ways to bring sand back onto beaches and stabilize natural processes. Support from the state by working out respective laws and regulations would be motivating as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Measurements of morphodynamics of a sheltered beach along the Dutch Wadden Sea.
- Author
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van der Lugt, Marlies A., Bosma, Jorn W., de Schipper, Matthieu A., Price, Timothy D., van Maarseveen, Marcel C. G., van der Gaag, Pieter, Ruessink, Gerben, Reniers, Ad J. H. M., and Aarninkhof, Stefan G. J.
- Subjects
BEACHES ,BARRIER islands ,TIDAL currents ,COMPOSITION of sediments ,SERVER farms (Computer network management) ,BEACH erosion ,TURBIDITY - Abstract
A field campaign was carried out at a sheltered sandy beach with the aim of gaining new insights into the driving processes behind sheltered beach morphodynamics. Detailed measurements of the local hydrodynamics, bed-level changes and sediment composition were collected at a man-made beach on the leeside of the barrier island Texel, bordering the Marsdiep basin that is part of the Dutch Wadden Sea. The dataset consists of (1) current, wave and turbidity measurements from a dense cross-shore array and a 3 km alongshore array; (2) sediment composition data from beach surface samples; (3) high-temporal-resolution RTK-GNSS beach profile measurements; (4) a pre-campaign spatially covering topobathy map; and (5) meteorological data. This paper outlines how these measurements were set up and how the data have been processed, stored and can be accessed. The novelty of this dataset lies in the detailed approach to resolve forcing conditions on a sheltered beach, where morphological evolution is governed by a subtle interplay between tidal and wind-driven currents, waves and bed composition, primarily due to the low-energy (near-threshold) forcing. The data are publicly available at 4TU Centre for Research Data at: 10.4121/19c5676c-9cea-49d0-b7a3-7c627e436541. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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46. Social sustainability in Public–Private Partnership projects: case study of the Northern Beaches Hospital in Sydney.
- Author
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Wang, Kun, Ke, Yongjian, Liu, Tingting, and Sankaran, Shankar
- Subjects
SUSTAINABILITY ,SOCIAL sustainability ,PUBLIC-private sector cooperation ,HOSPITAL administration ,SOCIAL impact ,BEACHES - Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to present evidence to the heated debate "whether Public-Private Partnership (PPP) model should be introduced into the hospitals" and, if so, how to promote the social sustainability of such PPP projects. Design/methodology/approach: This paper has established an analytical framework to analyse the social sustainability of PPP projects. Using content analysis method, a single case study was carried out on the Northern Beaches Hospital in Sydney, Australia. Findings: The results show that there are many problems related to social sustainability in the project, due to which employees and patients were exposed to most of them. Some recommendations are provided, including to strengthen the supervision of the project, provide sufficient information, establish communication channels and stakeholder participation, improve hospital policies and procedures, and strengthen government support. Practical implications: This paper can provide guidance for the stakeholders in a partnership, including the public and private sectors, to analyse the social sustainability implications, and then plan and implement hospital PPP projects to achieve social sustainability goals. Meanwhile, it can also provide important reference for the employees, patients, local community and society to assess social sustainability issues, and provide relevant inputs to inform decision-makers in the development, delivery and management of hospital projects. Originality/value: The research will contribute to knowledge of social sustainability of hospital PPP projects. The proposed analytical framework can be used to analyse and assess the social sustainability of such projects from the perspective of stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Estimating solid contaminant levels in beach sands through petrographic analysis, screening evaluation, and optical imaging.
- Author
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Kuś, Sebastian, Jelonek, Zbigniew, Jelonek, Iwona, and Sierka, Edyta
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BODIES of water ,CHARCOAL ,OPTICAL images ,SAND ,BACTERIAL contamination ,SOLID waste ,BEACHES - Abstract
Determining the level of solid pollution in beach sands located near artificial inland water bodies in order to maintain high safety standards is a difficult and expensive task. The tests aimed at determining beach pollution caused by solid wastes through analysis of toxic and chemical concentrations, are time-consuming and usually require several days before the results are available. In addition, the maintenance of the beach area involving beach raking or grooming, and the seasonal replenishment of sand makes it difficult to realistically determine the chemical or bacterial contamination of the tested material. Solid pollutants, such as glass, caps, cans, thick foil, metal, and plastic fragments, pose a greater health risk to beachgoers. The above-mentioned pollutants, especially small ones, are hardly visible on the surface or they are buried at shallow depths. Beach garbage poses a serious threat that can lead to infections from cuts and scratches. These injuries can become infected, further jeopardizing the health and lives of beachgoers due to risks like tetanus, staphylococcus, etc. The authors presented a new petrographic method aimed at assessing the quality of sand by examining the content of solid pollutants. The obtained results allowed us to conclude that the mentioned procedure can be used for a quick quantitative estimation of the content of potentially dangerous and undesirable pollutants in beach sands. Consequently, the method implemented to determent the amount of solid pollutants in beach sands has proven to be a valuable tool for recreational facility administrators, helping them in taking necessary measures to ensure the safety of beach users. Petrographic analysis of beach sands revealed the presence of pollutants of plant origin (0.4-1.8%), plastic (0.1-0.4%), paper (0.1-0.6%), charcoal (0.1-0.5%), glass (0.1-0.4%), metals (0.1-0.4%), rust (0.1-0.3%), ash and slag (0.1-0.3%), and fossil coals (0.1-0.2%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Design Scour Levels for Dune Revetments and Seawalls.
- Author
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Nielsen, Alexaer F.
- Subjects
SEA-walls ,WATER levels ,WATER waves ,SAND dunes ,STORM surges ,WAVE energy ,BEACHES ,MODELS & modelmaking - Abstract
A new method to determine design scour levels for dune revetments and seawalls is presented. The method is based on the thesis that toe scour is a function of the nearshore incident wave energy and was calibrated with results from several moveable bed model studies covering a large range of scales. The method determines scour levels to a still water level datum defined at the incident wave-breaking location. Therefore, the method incorporates many more parameters than those that pertain to existing methods including tidal stage, storm surge, wave setup, wave period, and seabed slope. However, application of the method is not difficult with a methodology being presented. The sensitivity of the method to variations in the values for the input parameters is examined and the limits of their applicability are presented. Recommendations for further research are given. Seawalls are prone to collapse during storms if their footings are undermined by breaking waves. When designing seawalls, it is important to determine the level to which such scour can occur. However, existing methods for determining scour are simplistic and do not provide a scour level. This paper presents a new equation to predict scour levels for the design of seawall footings. The equation includes many of the important factors relating to storm scour including storm tide level, wave, and beach conditions. The equation was developed on the results of several scale model studies carried out in various laboratories over several decades with some comparisons with real-world experiences. The paper comprises all of the information used with clear diagrams. A simple application method is presented, the various factors that need to be considered for design are discussed, and recommendations for further studies are made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Fecal Coliform Reduction Management in Manila Bay Bathing Beaches: A Case Study in the Philippines.
- Author
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Sy, Kyler Hewitt and Ong, Ardvin Kester S.
- Subjects
COLIFORMS ,BEACHES ,ENVIRONMENTAL management ,SUSTAINABILITY - Abstract
Manila Bay is considered as one of the best locations to experience sunset, visitation for relaxation, and a place for gathering. However, the constant draining and dump coming from different industrial sectors has developed to a bay which constitutes to high level of pollutions. The need to address the issue with regards to water body pollution has been underexplored. The paper investigates several fecal coliform reduction methods: the use of secondary and tertiary treatments like sand filtration and UV disinfection processes bolstering activated sludge processes, membrane bioreactor technology systems, and intermittent filtering. The following methods were examined to resolve Manila Bay's Bathing Beaches' high fecal coliform levels. The use of intermittent filtering with the filter media of unsorted sand yielded the highest reduction rate of 6.3 log10 compared to common activated sludge processes averaging only 0.38 log10. The mitigation of the bays could potentially reduce ecological and environmental problems. Food, water, and energy are primary concerns for a country's sustainability. With the involvement of pollution, the rise of capital scarcity would be evident which would reduce businesses, development, livelihood, and eventually the quality of life. The need to promote and mitigate water of bodies such as bays is therefore highly important for management. Thus, policymakers and government sectors may take this into consideration for promotion and conservation of natural resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
50. Sci : An Inclusive, Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal.
- Author
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Abdin, Ahmad Yaman and Jacob, Claus
- Subjects
ABSTRACTING & indexing services ,MATERIALS science ,BEACHES - Abstract
Sci (ISSN 2413-4155) is an international, open-access journal that covers most fields of scientific research. It has set out to challenge the conventional single- and double-blind peer review processes by adopting a post-publication public peer review (P4R) model. The model faced some difficulties with indexing and archiving services, prolongated the peer review process and its transparency received some opposition. It was therefore necessary to revisit the P4R model and modify it, resulting in the hybrid model (P4R hybrid) which is implemented in Sci today. Sci remains open to the whole scientific community as an inclusive and multidisciplinary scientific journal. In this context, we present you with six valuable contributions to the first Special Issue of Feature Papers Editors Collection 2020. The topics of the contributions address relevant and compelling issues ranging from data protection, material science, COVID-19 to the environment and climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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