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Background. The prevalence of smoking is higher among sexual minority (SM) individuals compared with heterosexuals. The impact of televised anti-tobacco mass media campaigns on smoking outcomes among SMs is not known. Aims. We examined whether televised anti-tobacco advertising was differentially associated with current smoking and smoking intensity for SM and heterosexual adults. Method. We combined county-level anti-tobacco advertising data (gross rating points) with restricted, geocoded individual-level National Health Interview Survey data on smoking (20'3-20'5). We estimated associations between advertising and smoking outcomes, including potential effect modification by SM status. Results. Greater anti-tobacco advertising exposure was associated with lower smoking prevalence (prevalence ratio [PR] = 0.97; 95% confidence interval [CI] = [0.94, '.00]). Although the direction of the association differed for heterosexual and SM adults, differences were not statistically significant. No significant associations were observed with regard to smoking intensity. Conclusion. Associations between anti-tobacco advertising and smoking were not significantly different for heterosexual and SM adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aims: Tobacco control policies may differentially impact smoking initiation among socio-demographic groups. We measured longitudinal associations between exposure to smoke-free laws in grade 12 (modal age 18 years) and patterns of smoking initiation in the United States. Design: Prospective longitudinal analysis. Setting and Participants: We used data on US young adults sampled at modal age 18 years from the Monitoring the Future Survey. Baseline data were collected between 2000 and 2017, with the last year of follow-up in 2018. The sample number varied by outcome and time-point, ranging from 7314 to 17 702. Measurements: Smoke-free law coverage in work-places and hospitality venues (restaurants/bars) was measured as the percentage of the county population covered by each type of law. We examined associations with any past 30-day smoking initiation and daily smoking initiation at modal ages 19/20, 21/22 and 23/24, using Poisson regression and calculating average marginal effects. We explored effect modification by sex, race/ethnicity and parental education by testing the significance of interaction terms. Findings: Work-place law coverage at modal age 18 was associated with a lower probability of daily smoking initiation at modal ages 21/22 [-2.4 percentage points (p.p.); 95% confidence interval (CI) = -3.9, -0.9] and 23/24 (-2.0 p.p.; 95% CI = -3.9, -0.2). Hospitality law coverage was associated with a lower probability of daily smoking initiation at modal ages 19/20 (-1.6 p.p.; 95% CI = -2.8, -0.4), 21/22 (-2.3 p.p.; 95% CI = -3.7, -0.9) and 23/24 (-1.8 p.p.; 95% CI = -3.6, -0.0). Findings were inconclusive with regard to associations with any past 30-day smoking initiation and with regard to effect modification, after adjusting for multiple testing. Conclusions: Exposure to smoke-free laws at age 18 appears to be prospectively associated with reduced daily smoking initiation 1-6 years later. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Racial/ethnic discrimination (hereafter, discrimination) is associated with use of individual tobacco and cannabis products. However, we know little about how discrimination affects dual/polytobacco and cannabis use and associated use disorders. We used cross-sectional data on adults (18+) from the 2012–2013 National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions-III (n = 35,744). We defined past-year discrimination as a summary scale (range: 0–24) based on six scenarios. We created a mutually exclusive six-category use variable: noncurrent, individual tobacco and noncannabis, individual tobacco and cannabis, individual cannabis and nontobacco, dual/polytobacco and noncannabis, and dual/polytobacco and cannabis based on past 30-day tobacco use of four products (i.e., cigarettes, electronic nicotine delivery systems, other combustibles (cigars, pipe), smokeless tobacco) and cannabis use. We also examined past-year tobacco use disorder (TUD) and cannabis use disorder (CUD) as a four-level variable: no disorders, TUD only, CUD only, and TUD and CUD. We estimated associations between discrimination and each outcome using adjusted multinomial logistic regression and assessed effect modification by stratifying adjusted models by race/ethnicity (i.e., Hispanic, non-Hispanic (NH) White, NH Black, and another race/ethnicity). Experiencing more discrimination was associated with each outcome but was most strongly associated with dual/polytobacco and cannabis use (OR: 1.13, 95 % CI: 1.07–1.19) and joint TUD and CUD (OR: 1.16, 95 % CI: 1.12–1.20). Models stratified by race/ethnicity showed that discrimination was associated with dual/polytobacco and cannabis only among NH White adults, and with joint TUD and CUD only among NH Black and NH White adults. Discrimination was associated with tobacco and cannabis use outcomes among multiple adult racial/ethnic populations, but associations were more profound for NH White and NH Black adults than adults from other racial/ethnic populations. • Experiencing more discrimination was linked to dual/polytobacco and cannabis use. • Discrimination was also associated with joint tobacco and cannabis use disorders. • For each race/ethnicity, discrimination was linked to at least one use outcome. • Associations with more severe outcomes were stronger for White and Black adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]