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The British colony of Hong Kong was one of the last ports that Jewish refugees transited through before their arrival in Shanghai. By using recently declassified materials this paper argues that Hong Kong played a more complicated role an ambiguous refuge: one that provided shelter, but whose colonial administration was responsible for the internment and expulsion of Jewish refugees. This paper broadens its inquiry by analyzing local and historiographical factors that contributed to Hong Kong being overlooked. Adopting a Global Holocaust framework and following refugees' paths of escape reveals Hong Kong as more than just a transit port. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Cross Bay link (CBL) bridge is a 1 km sea crossing that forms the centrepiece of the new east–west express highway link in Hong Kong. This £250 million project features an iconic 200 m span butterfly double-arch bridge and a series of concrete box girder spans supported on specially sculpted V-piers and large piled foundations. This paper describes the innovative construction methods adopted for building the bridge safely and efficiently in an extremely challenging marine environment, a process that relied on the extensive use of design for manufacture and assembly solutions, with most of the bridge elements above the sea level being prefabricated or precast off site. This includes the construction of the 10 000 t steel arch bridge, which was fully prefabricated near Shanghai, then transported to Hong Kong by a semi-submersible barge, and eventually erected onto the piers using the float-over method. In addition, most of the concrete decks, piers and the pile cap shells were precast off site and then lifted into position on site. This project holds a number of engineering records in Hong Kong, including the longest arch bridge, the first-time adoption of S690QL high-strength steel for major bridge elements and the largest scale implementation of the float-over erection method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to study the interlinkages between the cryptocurrency and stock market by characterizing their connectedness starting from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2021. Design/methodology/approach: The author employs a time-varying parameter vector autoregression (TVP-VAR) in combination with an extended joint connectedness approach. Findings: The pandemic shocks appear to have influences on the system-wide dynamic connectedness, which reaches a peak during the COVID-19 pandemic. Net total directional connectedness suggests that each cryptocurrency and stock have a heterogeneous role, conditional on their internal characteristics and external shocks. In particular, Bitcoin and Binance Coin are reported as the net receiver of shocks, while the role of Ethereum shifts from receivers to transmitters. As for the stock market, the US stock market stays persistent as net transmitters of shocks, while the Asian stock market (including Hong Kong and Shanghai) are the two consistent net receivers. During the COVID-19 pandemic shock, pairwise connectedness reveals that cryptocurrencies can explain the volatility of the stock markets with the impact most severe at the beginning of 2020. Practical implications: Insightful knowledge about key antecedents of contagion among these markets also help policymakers design adequate policies to reduce these markets' vulnerabilities and minimize the spread of risk or uncertainty across these markets. Originality/value: The author is the first to investigate the interlinkages between the cryptocurrency and the stock market and assess the influences of uncertain events like the COVID-19 health crisis on the dynamic interlinkages among these two markets. The author employs the TVP-VAR combined with an extended joint connectedness approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through the construction of wavelet coherence analysis and frequency-domain spillover framework, this paper makes a comparative study of the volatility spillover effects of international economic policy uncertainty (EPU) on China's Shanghai and Hong Kong stock market from a time-frequency perspective. To fully reflect the international EPU, this paper selects China, the United States, Australia, and the United Kingdom and uses the monthly EPU index of these countries and regions. China chooses China's EPU index and Hong Kong's EPU index. At the same time, the 5-minute high-frequency volatility of the Shanghai Composite Index (SSEC) and the Hang Seng Index (HSI) is selected to represent the Shanghai and Hong Kong's stock market, respectively. It is found that there are obvious differences between the EPU and the dependence of the stock market in time domain and frequency domain, and the lead-lag relationship between them has time-varying characteristics. Static and dynamic spillover effects play a dominant role in the analysis of medium- and long-term spillover effects. In particular, the EPU and the risk spillover of the Hong Kong stock market are stronger than those of the Shanghai stock market, and the dynamic frequency-domain net risk spillover between them has frequency characteristics, and there are two-way and asymmetric risk spillovers. This provides a certain reference for policy makers to improve the safety management of financial markets and for market investors to optimize their portfolios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the emergence of the new global educational governance characterized by 1) global educational reform movement, 2) the active participation of the international organizations in global educational policy making, and 3) the emerging performative culture. Against this background, this article contextualizes the East Asian Educational Model (Shanghai, Singapore, and Hong Kong) and its operation mechanism by appropriating the Confucian habitus and educational harmonization. Then this study compares the EAEM, the high performing educational system, and the representative global fourth-way countries by interrogating the underling binary—new orientalism vs. reciprocal learning. Finally, this paper draws some implications by learning from these different educational systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Soft soils show noticeable creep, damage and transversely isotropic properties. An incremental three-dimensional Nishihara model is proposed to present the stress-strain relationship of soft soils in this paper. The Drucker-Prager yield criterion of the transversely isotropic media, the transversely isotropic flexibility matrix, and the damage law to Nishihara's constitutive model are applied to construct the transversely isotropic viscoelastic-viscoplastic damage constitutive equation of the soil. Afterwards, the constitutive model is implemented by applying a stress return mapping algorithm. We verified the proposed model by comparing the results calculated by ABAQUS with triaxial compression experimental data from Hong Kong marine deposits (HKMD) and Shanghai soft clay. Finally, based on the proposed model, we present several numerical examples to investigate the influences of damage parameters on the time-dependent behaviors of saturated soft clay. • Soft soils show noticeable creep, damage and transversely isotropic properties. • An incremental 3-D Nishihara model is proposed to present the stress-strain relationship of soft soils. • A transversely isotropic viscoelastic-viscoplastic damage constitutive equation is constructed. • Influences of damage parameters on the time-dependent behaviors of soft soils are investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]