43 results on '"Liotta, Giuseppe"'
Search Results
2. Computing Bend-Minimum Orthogonal Drawings of Plane Series–Parallel Graphs in Linear Time
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Didimo, Walter, Kaufmann, Michael, Liotta, Giuseppe, and Ortali, Giacomo
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- 2023
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3. Drawing Partial 2-Trees with Few Slopes
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Lenhart, William, Liotta, Giuseppe, Mondal, Debajyoti, and Nishat, Rahnuma Islam
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- 2023
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4. COVID-19 infection rate and mortality in a local health authority in Italy: Differences between home-dwelling and residential older adults
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Orlando, Stefano, de Santo, Carolina, Mosconi, Claudia, Di Gaspare, Francesca, Chatzichristou, Pelagia, Emberti Gialloreti, Leonardo, Ciccacci, Fausto, Morciano, Laura, Varrenti, Donatella, Liotta, Giuseppe, and Palombi, Leonardo
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- 2023
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5. Mutual witness Gabriel drawings of complete bipartite graphs
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Lenhart, William J. and Liotta, Giuseppe
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- 2023
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6. Parameterized complexity of graph planarity with restricted cyclic orders
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Liotta, Giuseppe, Rutter, Ignaz, and Tappini, Alessandra
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- 2023
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7. Universal Slope Sets for Upward Planar Drawings
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Bekos, Michael A., Di Giacomo, Emilio, Didimo, Walter, Liotta, Giuseppe, and Montecchiani, Fabrizio
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- 2022
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8. On the Complexity of the Storyplan Problem
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Binucci, Carla, Di Giacomo, Emilio, Lenhart, William J., Liotta, Giuseppe, Montecchiani, Fabrizio, Nöllenburg, Martin, and Symvonis, Antonios
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- 2023
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9. Predictive validity of the Short Functional Geriatric Evaluation for mortality, hospitalization and institutionalization in older adults: A retrospective cohort survey
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Liotta, Giuseppe, Lorusso, Grazia, Madaro, Olga, Formosa, Valeria, Gentili, Susanna, Riccardi, Fabio, Orlando, Stefano, Scarcella, Paola, and Palombi, Leonardo
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- 2023
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10. Early identification of frailty: Developing an international delphi consensus on pre-frailty
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Sezgin, Duygu, O'Donovan, Mark, Woo, Jean, Bandeen-Roche, Karen, Liotta, Giuseppe, Fairhall, Nicola, Rodríguez-Laso, Angel, Apóstolo, João, Clarnette, Roger, Holland, Carol, Roller-Wirnsberger, Regina, Illario, Maddalena, Mañas, Leocadio Rodríguez, Vollenbroek-Hutten, Miriam, Doğu, Burcu Balam, Balci, Cafer, Pernas, Francisco Orfila, Paul, Constança, Ahern, Emer, Romero-Ortuno, Roman, Molloy, William, Cooney, Maria Therese, O'Shea, Diarmuid, Cooke, John, Lang, Deirdre, Hendry, Anne, Kennelly, Siobhán, Rockwood, Kenneth, Clegg, Andrew, Liew, Aaron, and O'Caoimh, Rónán
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- 2022
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11. Impact of COVID-19 on older adults and role of long-term care facilities during early stages of epidemic in Italy
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Amore, Stefano, Puppo, Emanuela, Melara, Josué, Terracciano, Elisa, Gentili, Susanna, and Liotta, Giuseppe
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- 2021
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12. HIV-exposed infants with EBV infection have a reduced persistence of the immune response to the HBV vaccine
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Baroncelli, Silvia, Galluzzo, Clementina Maria, Liotta, Giuseppe, Andreotti, Mauro, Orlando, Stefano, Ciccacci, Fausto, Mphwere, Robert, Luhanga, Richard, Sagno, Jean Baptiste, Amici, Roberta, Marazzi, Maria Cristina, and Giuliano, Marina
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- 2021
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13. k-Planar Placement and Packing of Δ-Regular Caterpillars.
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Binucci, Carla, Di Giacomo, Emilio, Kaufmann, Michael, Liotta, Giuseppe, and Tappini, Alessandra
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CATERPILLARS ,PLANAR graphs - Abstract
This paper studies a packing problem in the so-called beyond-planar setting, that is when the host graph is "almost-planar" in some sense. Precisely, we consider the case that the host graph is k -planar, i.e., it admits an embedding with at most k crossings per edge, and focus on families of Δ -regular caterpillars, that are caterpillars whose non-leaf vertices have the same degree Δ. We study the dependency of k from the number h of caterpillars that are packed, both in the case that these caterpillars are all isomorphic to one another (in which case the packing is called placement) and when they are not. We give necessary and sufficient conditions for the placement of h Δ -regular caterpillars and sufficient conditions for the packing of a set of Δ 1 -, Δ 2 -, ... , Δ h -regular caterpillars such that the degree Δ i and the degree Δ j of the non-leaf vertices can differ from one caterpillar to another, for 1 ≤ i , j ≤ h , i ≠ j. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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14. $k$-planar Placement and Packing of $\Delta$-regular Caterpillars
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Binucci, Carla, Di Giacomo, Emilio, Kaufmann, Michael, Liotta, Giuseppe, and Tappini, Alessandra
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Mathematics - Combinatorics ,Computer Science - Discrete Mathematics - Abstract
This paper studies a \emph{packing} problem in the so-called beyond-planar setting, that is when the host graph is ``almost-planar'' in some sense. Precisely, we consider the case that the host graph is $k$-planar, i.e., it admits an embedding with at most $k$ crossings per edge, and focus on families of $\Delta$-regular caterpillars, that are caterpillars whose non-leaf vertices have the same degree $\Delta$. We study the dependency of $k$ from the number $h$ of caterpillars that are packed, both in the case that these caterpillars are all isomorphic to one another (in which case the packing is called \emph{placement}) and when they are not. We give necessary and sufficient conditions for the placement of $h$ $\Delta$-regular caterpillars and sufficient conditions for the packing of a set of $\Delta_1$-, $\Delta_2$-, $\dots$, $\Delta_h$-regular caterpillars such that the degree $\Delta_i$ and the degree $\Delta_j$ of the non-leaf vertices can differ from one caterpillar to another, for $1 \leq i,j \leq h$, $i\neq j$.
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- 2023
15. Relationship between People's Interest in Medication Adherence, Health Literacy, and Self-Care: An Infodemiological Analysis in the Pre- and Post-COVID-19 Era.
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Grandieri, Andrea, Trevisan, Caterina, Gentili, Susanna, Vetrano, Davide Liborio, Liotta, Giuseppe, and Volpato, Stefano
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HEALTH literacy ,PATIENT compliance ,PUBLIC opinion ,HEALTH self-care ,COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
The prevalence of non-communicable diseases has risen sharply in recent years, particularly among older individuals who require complex drug regimens. Patients are increasingly required to manage their health through medication adherence and self-care, but about 50% of patients struggle to adhere to prescribed treatments. This study explored the relationship between interest in medication adherence, health literacy, and self-care and how it changed during the COVID-19 pandemic. We used Google Trends to measure relative search volumes (RSVs) for these three topics from 2012 to 2022. We found that interest in self-care increased the most over time, followed by health literacy and medication adherence. Direct correlations emerged between RSVs for medication adherence and health literacy (r = 0.674, p < 0.0001), medication adherence and self-care (r = 0.466, p < 0.0001), and health literacy and self-care (r = 0.545, p < 0.0001). After the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak, interest in self-care significantly increased, and Latin countries showed a greater interest in self-care than other geographical areas. This study suggests that people are increasingly interested in managing their health, especially in the context of the recent pandemic, and that infodemiology may provide interesting information about the attitudes of the population toward chronic disease management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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16. Mutual Witness Gabriel Drawings of Complete Bipartite Graphs
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Lenhart, William J. and Liotta, Giuseppe
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Computational Geometry (cs.CG) ,FOS: Computer and information sciences ,History ,Polymers and Plastics ,Computer Science - Computational Geometry ,Business and International Management ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering - Abstract
Let $\Gamma$ be a straight-line drawing of a graph and let $u$ and $v$ be two vertices of $\Gamma$. The Gabriel disk of $u,v$ is the disk having $u$ and $v$ as antipodal points. A pair $\langle \Gamma_0,\Gamma_1 \rangle$ of vertex-disjoint straight-line drawings form a mutual witness Gabriel drawing when, for $i=0,1$, any two vertices $u$ and $v$ of $\Gamma_i$ are adjacent if and only if their Gabriel disk does not contain any vertex of $\Gamma_{1-i}$. We characterize the pairs $\langle G_0,G_1 \rangle $ of complete bipartite graphs that admit a mutual witness Gabriel drawing. The characterization leads to a linear time testing algorithm. We also show that when at least one of the graphs in the pair $\langle G_0, G_1 \rangle $ is complete $k$-partite with $k>2$ and all partition sets in the two graphs have size greater than one, the pair does not admit a mutual witness Gabriel drawing., Comment: Appears in the Proceedings of the 30th International Symposium on Graph Drawing and Network Visualization (GD 2022)
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- 2022
17. Rectilinear Planarity of Partial 2-Trees
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Didimo, Walter, Kaufmann, Michael, Liotta, Giuseppe, and Ortali, Giacomo
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FOS: Computer and information sciences ,Computer Science - Data Structures and Algorithms ,Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS) - Abstract
A graph is rectilinear planar if it admits a planar orthogonal drawing without bends. While testing rectilinear planarity is NP-hard in general (Garg and Tamassia, 2001), it is a long-standing open problem to establish a tight upper bound on its complexity for partial 2-trees, i.e., graphs whose biconnected components are series-parallel. We describe a new O(n^2)-time algorithm to test rectilinear planarity of partial 2-trees, which improves over the current best bound of O(n^3 \log n) (Di Giacomo et al., 2022). Moreover, for partial 2-trees where no two parallel-components in a biconnected component share a pole, we are able to achieve optimal O(n)-time complexity. Our algorithms are based on an extensive study and a deeper understanding of the notion of orthogonal spirality, introduced several years ago (Di Battista et al, 1998) to describe how much an orthogonal drawing of a subgraph is rolled-up in an orthogonal drawing of the graph., arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2110.00548 Appears in the Proceedings of the 30th International Symposium on Graph Drawing and Network Visualization (GD 2022)
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- 2022
18. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) of the Short Functional Geriatric Evaluation (SFGE) to Assess the Multidimensionality of Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.
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Liotta, Giuseppe, Lorusso, Grazia, Madaro, Olga, Formosa, Valeria, Gialloreti, Leonardo Emberti, Donnoli, Clara, Riccardi, Fabio, Orlando, Stefano, Scarcella, Paola, Apostolo, Joao, Silva, Rosa, Dantas, Carina, van Staalduinen, Willeke, De Luca, Vincenzo, Illario, Maddalena, Gentili, Susanna, and Palombi, Leonardo
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- 2023
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19. Assessment Tools of Biopsychosocial Frailty Dimensions in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Narrative Review.
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De Luca, Vincenzo, Femminella, Grazia Daniela, Patalano, Roberta, Formosa, Valeria, Lorusso, Grazia, Rivetta, Cristiano, Di Lullo, Federica, Mercurio, Lorenzo, Rea, Teresa, Salvatore, Elena, Korkmaz Yaylagul, Nilufer, Apostolo, Joao, Silva, Rosa Carla, Dantas, Carina, van Staalduinen, Willeke H., Liotta, Giuseppe, Iaccarino, Guido, Triassi, Maria, and Illario, Maddalena
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- 2022
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20. Point‐of‐care testing allows successful simultaneous screening of sickle cell disease, HIV, and tuberculosis for households in rural Guinea‐Bissau, West Africa.
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Menzato, Federica, Bosa, Luca, Sifna, Armando, Da Silva, Luisa, Gasperoni, Elena, Martella, Maddalena, Mustik, Alfa, Da Dalt, Liviana, Reggiani, Giulia, Munaretto, Vania, Liotta, Giuseppe, Riccardi, Fabio, and Colombatti, Raffaella
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- 2022
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21. Spirality and Rectilinear Planarity Testing of Independent-Parallel SP-Graphs
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Didimo, Walter, Kaufmann, Michael, Liotta, Giuseppe, and Ortali, Giacomo
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FOS: Computer and information sciences ,Computer Science - Data Structures and Algorithms ,Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS) ,MathematicsofComputing_DISCRETEMATHEMATICS - Abstract
We study the long-standing open problem of efficiently testing rectilinear planarity of series-parallel graphs (SP-graphs) in the variable embedding setting. A key ingredient behind the design of a linear-time testing algorithm for SP-graphs of vertex-degree at most three is that one can restrict the attention to a constant number of ``rectilinear shapes'' for each series or parallel component. To formally describe these shapes the notion of spirality can be used. This key ingredient no longer holds for SP-graphs with vertices of degree four, as we prove a logarithmic lower bound on the spirality of their components. The bound holds even for the independent-parallel SP-graphs, in which no two parallel components share a pole. Nonetheless, by studying the spirality properties of the independent-parallel SP-graphs, we are able to design a linear-time rectilinear planarity testing algorithm for this graph family.
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- 2021
22. Optimal-area visibility representations of outer-1-plane graphs
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Biedl, Therese, Liotta, Giuseppe, Lynch, Jayson, and Montecchiani, Fabrizio
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Computational Geometry (cs.CG) ,FOS: Computer and information sciences ,Computer Science - Computational Geometry - Abstract
This paper studies optimal-area visibility representations of $n$-vertex outer-1-plane graphs, i.e. graphs with a given embedding where all vertices are on the boundary of the outer face and each edge is crossed at most once. We show that any graph of this family admits an embedding-preserving visibility representation whose area is $O(n^{1.5})$ and prove that this area bound is worst-case optimal. We also show that $O(n^{1.48})$ area can be achieved if we represent the vertices as L-shaped orthogonal polygons or if we do not respect the embedding but still have at most one crossing per edge. We also extend the study to other representation models and, among other results, construct asymptotically optimal $O(n\, pw(G))$ area bar-1-visibility representations, where $pw(G)\in O(\log n)$ is the pathwidth of the outer-1-planar graph $G$., Appears in the Proceedings of the 29th International Symposium on Graph Drawing and Network Visualization (GD 2021)
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- 2021
23. Quasi-upward Planar Drawings with Minimum Curve Complexity
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Binucci, Carla, Di Giacomo, Emilio, Liotta, Giuseppe, and Tappini, Alessandra
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Computational Geometry (cs.CG) ,FOS: Computer and information sciences ,Computer Science - Computational Geometry - Abstract
This paper studies the problem of computing quasi-upward planar drawings of bimodal plane digraphs with minimum curve complexity, i.e., drawings such that the maximum number of bends per edge is minimized. We prove that every bimodal plane digraph admits a quasi-upward planar drawing with curve complexity two, which is worst-case optimal. We also show that the problem of minimizing the curve complexity in a quasi-upward planar drawing can be modeled as a min-cost flow problem on a unit-capacity planar flow network. This gives rise to an $\tilde{O}(m^\frac{4}{3})$-time algorithm that computes a quasi-upward planar drawing with minimum curve complexity; in addition, the drawing has the minimum number of bends when no edge can be bent more than twice. For a contrast, we show bimodal planar digraphs whose bend-minimum quasi-upward planar drawings require linear curve complexity even in the variable embedding setting., Appears in the Proceedings of the 29th International Symposium on Graph Drawing and Network Visualization (GD 2021)
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- 2021
24. Influence Maximization With Visual Analytics.
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Arleo, Alessio, Didimo, Walter, Liotta, Giuseppe, Miksch, Silvia, and Montecchiani, Fabrizio
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VISUAL analytics ,ALGORITHMS ,ONLINE social networks ,SELECTION (Plant breeding) ,STOCHASTIC processes ,SOCIAL networks - Abstract
In social networks, individuals’ decisions are strongly influenced by recommendations from their friends, acquaintances, and favorite renowned personalities. The popularity of online social networking platforms makes them the prime venues to advertise products and promote opinions. The Influence Maximization (IM) problem entails selecting a seed set of users that maximizes the influence spread, i.e., the expected number of users positively influenced by a stochastic diffusion process triggered by the seeds. Engineering and analyzing IM algorithms remains a difficult and demanding task due to the NP-hardness of the problem and the stochastic nature of the diffusion processes. Despite several heuristics being introduced, they often fail in providing enough information on how the network topology affects the diffusion process, precious insights that could help researchers improve their seed set selection. In this paper, we present VAIM, a visual analytics system that supports users in analyzing, evaluating, and comparing information diffusion processes determined by different IM algorithms. Furthermore, VAIM provides useful insights that the analyst can use to modify the seed set of an IM algorithm, so to improve its influence spread. We assess our system by: $(i)$ (i) a qualitative evaluation based on a guided experiment with two domain experts on two different data sets; $(ii)$ (i i) a quantitative estimation of the value of the proposed visualization through the ICE-T methodology by Wall et al. (IEEE TVCG - 2018). The twofold assessment indicates that VAIM effectively supports our target users in the visual analysis of the performance of IM algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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25. Orthogonal planarity testing of bounded treewidth graphs.
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Di Giacomo, Emilio, Liotta, Giuseppe, and Montecchiani, Fabrizio
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INTEGERS - Abstract
Given a graph G and an integer b , OrthogonalPlanarity is the problem of testing whether G admits a planar orthogonal drawing with at most b bends. OrthogonalPlanarity is known to be NP -complete. We show that this problem belongs to the XP class when parameterized by treewidth. The proof exploits a fixed-parameter tractable approach that uses two more parameters besides treewidth, namely the natural parameter b and the number of vertices with degree at most two of G. Such approach is based on the new concept of sketched orthogonal representation, which synthetically describes a family of equivalent orthogonal drawings. The approach is general enough to be applicable to other related problems, namely HV-Planarity and FlexDraw. Also, in the special case of series-parallel graphs we obtain that both OrthogonalPlanarity and HV-Planarity can be solved in O (n 3 log n) time, which improves on the previous O (n 4) bounds for these two. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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26. Seroprevalence of Brucella Infection in a Cohort of HIV-Positive Malawian Pregnant Women Living in Urban Areas.
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Baroncelli, Silvia, Tarantino, Michela, Galluzzo, Clementina Maria, Liotta, Giuseppe, Orlando, Stefano, Sagno, Jean Baptiste, Luhanga, Richard, Andreotti, Mauro, Petrucci, Paola, Amici, Roberta, Marazzi, Maria Cristina, Adone, Rosanna, and Giuliano, Marina
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PREGNANT women ,BRUCELLA ,CITIES & towns ,SEROPREVALENCE ,ROSE bengal ,PREGNANCY complications ,MISCARRIAGE ,VIRAL antibodies - Abstract
Background: The seroprevalence of Brucella infection in sub-Saharan regions is high, and no recent data are available for Malawi, a country in which >60% of the population is involved in agropastoral activity. Aim: To evaluated the seroprevalence of Brucella in a cohort of HIV-positive pregnant women, living in an urban setting in Malawi. Methods: Sera of 201 pregnant women were tested for Brucella IgG. The Rose Bengal Plate Test and Serum Agglutination Tube test were used to determine antibody titer. Results: Five out of 201 (2.48%) women show positivity to Brucella, consistent with a past exposition to the infection. All five women delivered healthy infants, but two of them reported previous abortion/stillbirths, with a higher rate than those of the rest of the cohort (40% vs. 21.5%). Conclusions: This is one of the first reports of exposure of pregnant women to Brucella infection in Malawi, providing evidence of Brucella occurrence in an urban setting. Control programs should be introduced to reduce its impact on animal and human health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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27. Placing Arrows in Directed Graph Layouts: Algorithms and Experiments.
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Binucci, Carla, Didimo, Walter, Kaufmann, Michael, Liotta, Giuseppe, and Montecchiani, Fabrizio
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HEURISTIC algorithms ,TASK analysis ,GRAPH algorithms ,DIRECTED graphs - Abstract
We study how to place arrow heads in directed graph drawings aiming at minimizing their overlaps and avoiding intersections between arrow heads and edges. The objective is to support users to correctly and quickly recognize edge orientations, i.e. to deduce unambiguously the edge orientations. Our contribution is two‐fold: (i) We present exact and heuristic algorithms for this arrow placement problem, along with an extensive experimental analysis of these techniques; and (ii) we report on a user study aimed to understand the impact of different arrow placement strategies on performing global and local analysis tasks on directed graph layouts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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28. Pro-active monitoring and social interventions at community level mitigate the impact of coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic on older adults' mortality in Italy: A retrospective cohort analysis.
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Liotta, Giuseppe, Emberti Gialloreti, Leonardo, Marazzi, Maria Cristina, Madaro, Olga, Inzerilli, Maria Chiara, D'Amico, Margherita, Orlando, Stefano, Scarcella, Paola, Terracciano, Elisa, Gentili, Susanna, and Palombi, Leonardo
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COHORT analysis , *COVID-19 , *DEATH rate , *OLDER people , *COVID-19 pandemic , *BIRTH rate , *EPIDEMICS - Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 epidemic in Italy has severely affected people aged more than 80, especially socially isolated. Aim of this paper is to assess whether a social and health program reduced mortality associated to the epidemic. Methods: An observational retrospective cohort analysis of deaths recorded among >80 years in three Italian cities has been carried out to compare death rate of the general population and "Long Live the Elderly!" (LLE) program. Parametric and non-parametric tests have been performed to assess differences of means between the two populations. A multivariable analysis to assess the impact of covariates on weekly mortality has been carried out by setting up a linear mixed model. Results: The total number of services delivered to the LLE population (including phone calls and home visits) was 34,528, 1 every 20 day per person on average, one every 15 days during March and April. From January to April 2019, the same population received one service every 41 days on average, without differences between January-February and March-April. The January-April 2020 cumulative crude death rate was 34.8‰ (9,718 deaths out of 279,249 individuals; CI95%: 34.1–35.5) and 28.9‰ (166 deaths out of 5,727 individuals; CI95%:24.7–33.7) for the general population and the LLE sample respectively. The general population weekly death rate increased after the 11th calendar week that was not the case among the LLE program participants (p<0.001). The Standardized Mortality Ratio was 0.83; (CI95%: 0.71–0.97). Mortality adjusted for age, gender, COVID-19 weekly incidence and prevalence of people living in nursing homes was lower in the LLE program than in the general population (p<0.001). Conclusions: LLE program is likely to limit mortality associated with COVID-19. Further studies are needed to establish whether it is due to the impact of social care that allows a better clients' adherence to the recommendations of physical distancing or to an improved surveillance of older adults that prevents negative outcomes associated with COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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29. Admission to the Long-Term Care Facilities and Institutionalization Rate in Community-Dwelling Frail Adults: An Observational Longitudinal Cohort Study.
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Gentili, Susanna, Riccardi, Fabio, Gialloreti, Leonardo Emberti, Scarcella, Paola, Stievano, Alessandro, Proietti, Maria Grazia, Rocco, Gennaro, and Liotta, Giuseppe
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FRAIL elderly ,LONG-term care facilities ,COHORT analysis ,OLDER people ,ADULTS ,LONGITUDINAL method ,CONGREGATE housing - Abstract
The worldwide aging and the increase of chronic disease impacted the Health System by generating an increased risk of admission to Long-Term Care (LTC) facilities for older adults. The study aimed to evaluate the admission rate to LTC facilities for community-dwelling older adults and investigate factors associated with these admissions. A secondary data analysis stemming from an observational longitudinal cohort study (from 2014 to 2017) was performed. The sample was made up by 1246 older adults (664 females and 582 males, mean age 76.3, SD ± 7.1). The LTC facilities access rate was 12.5 per 1000 observations/ year. Multivariable Linear Regression identified frailty, cardiovascular disease, and incapacity to take medicine and manage money as predictors of the LTC facilities' access rate. The Multiple Correspondence Analysis identified three clusters: those living at home with comorbidities; those living in LTC facilities who are pre-frail or frail; those very frail but not linked to residential LTC. The results indicate that access to LTC facilities is not determined by severe disability, severe comorbidity, and higher frailty levels. Instead, it is related to moderate disability associated with a lack of social support. Therefore, the care policies need to enhance social interventions to integrate medical, nursing, and rehabilitative care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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30. The Effectiveness of Intervening on Social Isolation to Reduce Mortality during Heat Waves in Aged Population: A Retrospective Ecological Study.
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Orlando, Stefano, Mosconi, Claudia, De Santo, Carolina, Emberti Gialloreti, Leonardo, Inzerilli, Maria Chiara, Madaro, Olga, Mancinelli, Sandro, Ciccacci, Fausto, Marazzi, Maria Cristina, Palombi, Leonardo, and Liotta, Giuseppe
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- 2021
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31. 2-colored point-set embeddings of partial 2-trees.
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Di Giacomo, Emilio, Hančl, Jaroslav, and Liotta, Giuseppe
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PLANAR graphs , *POINT set theory , *CATERPILLARS - Abstract
• For n ≥ 14 there is a properly 2-colored SP-graph with 2 n + 4 vertices s.t. any 2-colored PSE requires Ω (n) bends on Ω (n) edges • 2 bends per edge suffice for a 2-colored PSE of properly 2-colored outerplanar graphs • 1 bend per edge suffices for a 2-colored PSE of a properly 2-colored outerplanar graph if the points are linearly separable • 3 bends per edge suffice for a 2-colored PSE of a 2-colored outerplanar graph • 1 bend per edge suffices for a 2-colored PSE of a 2-colored caterpillar Let G be a planar graph whose vertices are colored either red or blue and let S be a set of points having as many red (resp. blue) points as the red (resp. blue) vertices of G. A 2-colored point-set embedding of G on S is a planar drawing that maps each red (resp. blue) vertex of G to a red (resp. blue) point of S. We show that there exist partial 2-trees that are properly 2-colored (i.e., they are 2-colored with no two adjacent vertices have the same color), whose point-set embeddings may require linearly many bends on linearly many edges. For a contrast, we show that two bends per edge are sufficient for 2-colored point-set embedding of properly 2-colored outerplanar graphs. For separable point sets this bound reduces to one, which is worst-case optimal. If the 2-coloring of the outerplanar graph is not proper, three bends per edge are sufficient and one bend per edge (which is worst-case optimal) is sufficient for caterpillars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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32. (k,p)-planarity: A relaxation of hybrid planarity.
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Di Giacomo, Emilio, Lenhart, William J., Liotta, Giuseppe, Randolph, Timothy W., and Tappini, Alessandra
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PLANAR graphs , *NP-complete problems , *EDGES (Geometry) - Abstract
We present a new model for hybrid planarity that relaxes existing hybrid representation models. A graph G = (V , E) is (k , p) -planar if V can be partitioned into clusters of size at most k such that G admits a drawing where: (i) each cluster is associated with a closed, bounded planar region, called a cluster region ; (ii) cluster regions are pairwise disjoint, (iii) each vertex v ∈ V is identified with at most p distinct points, called ports , on the boundary of its cluster region; (iv) each inter-cluster edge (u , v) ∈ E is identified with a Jordan arc connecting a port of u to a port of v ; (v) inter-cluster edges do not cross or intersect cluster regions except at their end-points. We first tightly bound the number of edges in a (k , p) -planar graph with p < k. We then prove that (4 , 1) -planarity testing and (2 , 2) -planarity testing are NP-complete problems. Finally, we prove that neither the class of (2 , 2) -planar graphs nor the class of 1-planar graphs contains the other, indicating that the (k , p) -planar graphs are a large and novel class. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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33. On the complexity of the storyplan problem.
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Binucci, Carla, Di Giacomo, Emilio, Lenhart, William J., Liotta, Giuseppe, Montecchiani, Fabrizio, Nöllenburg, Martin, and Symvonis, Antonios
- Subjects
- *
DATA visualization , *DYNAMIC models - Abstract
We study the problem of representing a graph as a storyplan, a recently introduced model for dynamic graph visualization. It is based on a sequence of frames, each showing a subset of vertices and a planar drawing of their induced subgraphs, where vertices appear and disappear over time. Namely, in the StoryPlan problem, we are given a graph and we want to decide whether there exists a total vertex appearance order for which a storyplan exists. We prove that the problem is NP -complete, and complement this hardness with two parameterized algorithms, one in the vertex cover number and one in the feedback edge set number of the input graph. We prove that partial 3-trees always admit a storyplan, which can be computed in linear time. Finally, we show that the problem remains NP -complete if the vertex appearance order is given and we have to choose how to draw the frames. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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34. Au/CeO2 Photocatalyst for the Selective Oxidation of Aromatic Alcohols in Water under UV, Visible and Solar Irradiation
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Leonarda F. Liotta, Elisa I. García-López, Valeria La Parola, Francesco Parrino, Zahra Abbasi, Giuseppe Marcì, and Elisa I. Garcia Lopez, Zahra Abbasi, Francesco Parrino, Valeria La Parola, Leonarda F. Liotta, Giuseppe Marci
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CeO ,Materials science ,visible light photocatalysis ,Au-CeO ,2 ,Plasmonic effect ,Visible light photocatalysis ,Oxide ,Nanoparticle ,TP1-1185 ,Photochemistry ,Aldehyde ,Catalysis ,plasmonic effect ,CeO2 ,Au-CeO2 ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Irradiation ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Surface plasmon resonance ,QD1-999 ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Aqueous solution ,Chemical technology ,Chemistry ,chemistry ,Benzyl alcohol ,Photocatalysis - Abstract
Au nanoparticles supported on CeO2 have been prepared and investigated as photocatalysts for the photocatalytic selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol and 4-methoxybenzyl alcohol to the correspondent benzaldehydes, in aqueous suspensions and room conditions under UV, visible and natural solar light irradiation. Au nanoparticles have been supported by impregnation (1 and 3 wt.%) on two types of CeO2 (i.e., a commercial one and a home prepared oxide obtained in the presence of NaOH as precipitation agent). The Au impregnated samples showed strong visible radiation absorption at 565–570 nm associated to localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). The bare CeO2 samples are activated by UV light and resulted virtually inactive under visible irradiation, whereas the presence of Au improved both the conversion of the alcohols and the selectivity of the reaction towards the aldehyde, giving rise to good results, particularly under visible and natural solar light irradiation. The activity of the materials increased by increasing the Au content.
- Published
- 2021
35. Comparative Study and Evaluation of Hybrid Visualizations of Graphs.
- Author
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Giacomo ED, Didimo W, Liotta G, Montecchiani F, and Tappini A
- Abstract
Hybrid visualizations combine different metaphors into a single network layout, in order to help humans in finding the "right way" of displaying the different portions of the network, especially when it is globally sparse and locally dense. We investigate hybrid visualizations in two complementary directions: (i) On the one hand, we evaluate the effectiveness of different hybrid visualization models through a comparative user study; (ii) On the other hand, we estimate the usefulness of an interactive visualization that integrates all the considered hybrid models together. The results of our study provide some hints about the usefulness of the different hybrid visualizations for specific tasks of analysis and indicates that integrating different hybrid models into a single visualization may offer a valuable tool of analysis.
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- 2024
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36. Short functional geriatric evaluation: Confirmatory factor analysis to assess the multidimensionality of frailty in community-dwelling older adults.
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Donnoli C, Picardo G, Formosa V, Lorusso G, Gialloreti LE, Orlando S, and Liotta G
- Abstract
This paper explores the ageing population in Italy, where older adults account for more than 14 million individuals (in January 2023) and constitute 24.1 % of the total population. Frailty, a condition encompassing biological, psychological, social, and economic challenges, is recognised as a significant public health issue. The study introduces the Short Functional Geriatric Evaluation (SFGE) as a large-scale screening tool for frailty in community-dwelling older individuals. A Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was conducted on the SFGE. The CFA scrutinises the construct validity of SFGE using a sample population from the "Long Live the Elderly!" program in Italy. Initial results indicate an acceptable fit, prompting the incorporation of Modification Indices to enhance model performance. The refined CFA demonstrates that the SFGE model effectively captures the multidimensional nature of frailty. The text underscores the timeliness of identifying frailty, emphasising the need for simple, fast, and predictive tools to screen large populations efficiently., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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37. Limitations and consequences of public health models centred on hospitals and lacking connections with territorial and home-based social and health services.
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Gentile L, Scaramella M, Liotta G, Magrini A, Mulas MF, Quintavalle G, and Palombi L
- Abstract
Background: Delayed discharge from hospital to home or other care institutions is a significant problem and has been investigated in the international scientific literature for many years. Behind this condition is a health care system based on a hospital-centered concept characterized by a lack of territorial health and social welfare services. This phenomenon causes two different problems: an excessive length of hospital stay, resulting in slow turnover of bed utilization; and overcrowding in emergency rooms (ERs). The phenomenon of frequent users assumes particular importance in this context. These patients repeatedly visit the emergency department (ED) in the same year because care needs are not met by primary care services. The authors in this study tried to describe the Frequent users (FUs) population and the variables associated with this condition., Materials and Methods: A retrospective "single-arm" descriptive study was conducted by analysing all accesses made to the ED of Policlinico Tor Vergata (PTV) from January 1, 2022, to December 31, 2022. FUs were defined as patients who had 4 or more accesses to PTV ER during the year., Results: A total of 37,800 accesses occurred during the study period. A total of 31,691 users accessed the PS, with a mean age of 55.8 ± 22.2 years. There were 359 FU patients (approximately 1%) who had a total of 1984 accesses, corresponding to 5.2% of the total accesses. The triage codes for the FU patients were red, 2%; orange, 21%; blue, 45%; green, 26%; white, 5%; and not performed, 1%. Considering the 1984 FU accesses, the most frequently attributed "main problems" in the ED were "other symptoms or disorders" (54%), "psychomotor agitation" (12%), "trauma or burn" (8%), "abdominal pain" (6%), "chest pain" (4%), "dyspnea" (4%) and "urological symptoms or disorders" (4%). Multivariate analysis revealed that the main determinants of FUs were psychomotor agitation (HR = 7,23; CL95%:6,194-8,443), urological disorders (HR = 2,16; CL95%:1,68-2,76) and poor socioeconomic status (HR = 2,40; CL95%:2,213-2,663)., Conclusions: The FUs phenomenon expresses an area of health and social distress where poverty and lack of territorial services oblige people to refer to the ED. Primary care interventions integrated with social support are crucial for managing access to the ED., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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38. Digital Health Service for Identification of Frailty Risk Factors in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: The SUNFRAIL+ Study Protocol.
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De Luca V, Femminella GD, Leonardini L, Patumi L, Palummeri E, Roba I, Aronni W, Toccoli S, Sforzin S, Denisi F, Basso AM, Ruatta M, Obbia P, Rizzo A, Borgioli M, Eccher C, Farina R, Conforti D, Mercurio L, Salvatore E, Gentile M, Bocchino M, Sanduzzi Zamparelli A, Viceconte G, Gentile I, Ruosi C, Ferrara N, Fabbrocini G, Colao A, Triassi M, Iaccarino G, Liotta G, and Illario M
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- Humans, Aged, Frail Elderly, Independent Living, Prospective Studies, Geriatric Assessment methods, Health Services, Observational Studies as Topic, Frailty epidemiology
- Abstract
This article reports the study protocol of a nationwide multicentric study in seven Italian regions aimed at assessing the effectiveness of a digitally supported approach for the early screening of frailty risk factors in community-dwelling older adults. SUNFRAIL+ is a prospective observational cohort study aimed at carrying out a multidimensional assessment of community-dwelling older adults through an IT platform, which allows to connect the items of the SUNFRAIL frailty assessment tool with a cascading multidimensional in-depth assessment of the bio-psycho-social domains of frailty. Seven centers in seven Italian regions will administer the SUNFRAIL questionnaire to 100 older adults. According to the answers provided by older adults, they will be subjected to one or more validated in-depth scale tests in order to perform further diagnostic or dimensional evaluations. The study aims to contribute to the implementation and validation of a multiprofessional and multistakeholder service model for the screening of frailty in community-dwelling older adult population.
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- 2023
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39. Predictive validity of the Short Functional Geriatric Evaluation for mortality, hospitalization and institutionalization in older adults: A retrospective cohort survey.
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Liotta G, Lorusso G, Madaro O, Formosa V, Gentili S, Riccardi F, Orlando S, Scarcella P, and Palombi L
- Abstract
Objectives: Bio-psycho-social frailty is related to increased risk of death and utilization of health services. This paper reports the predictive validity of a 10-min multidimensional questionnaire on the risk of death, hospitalization and institutionalization., Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed based on data from the "Long Live the Elderly!" program, involving 8,561 community-dwelling Italian people >75, followed for an average of 516.6 days ( Median = 448, P
25 - P75 : 309-692). Mortality, hospitalization, and institutionalization rates according to frailty levels assessed by the Short Functional Geriatric Evaluation (SFGE) have been calculated., Results: Compared with the robust, the pre-frail, frail, and very frail faced a statistically significant increase in the risk of mortality ( RR = 1.40, 2.78 and 5.41), hospitalization ( OR = 1.31, 1.67, and 2.08) and institutionalization ( OR = 3.63, 9.52, and 10.62). Similar results were obtained in the sub-sample of those with only socio-economic issues. Frailty predicted mortality with an area under the ROC curve of 0.70 (95% CI 0.68-0.72) with sensitivity and specificity of 83.2% and 40.4%. Analyses of single determinants of these negative outcomes showed a multivariable pattern of determinants for all the events., Conclusions: The SFGE predicts death, hospitalization and institutionalization by stratifying older people according to the levels of frailty. The short administration time, the socio-economic variables and the characteristics of personnel administering the questionnaire make it suitable for being used in public health as a screening tool for a large population, to put frailty at the core of the care for community-dwelling older adults. The difficulty in capturing the complexity of the frailty is witnessed by the moderate sensitivity and specificity of the questionnaire., Competing Interests: The authors have declared no conflict of interest., (© 2022 The Authors.)- Published
- 2022
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40. Characteristics of nursing homes and early preventive measures associated with risk of infection from COVID-19 in Lazio region, Italy: a retrospective case-control study.
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Orlando S, Mazhari T, Abbondanzieri A, Cerone G, Ciccacci F, Liotta G, Mancinelli S, Marazzi MC, and Palombi L
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- Case-Control Studies, Humans, Long-Term Care methods, Nursing Homes, Retrospective Studies, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 epidemiology, COVID-19 prevention & control
- Abstract
Objectives: To understand which organisational-structural characteristics of nursing homes-also referred to as long-term care facilities (LTCFs)-and the preventative measures adopted in response to the pandemic are associated with the risk of a COVID-19 outbreak., Setting: LTCFs in Lazio region in Italy., Design: The study adopts a case-control design., Participants: We included 141 facilities and 100 provided information for the study. Cases were defined as facilities reporting a COVID-19 outbreak (two or more cases) in March-December 2020; controls were defined as LTCFs reporting one case or zero. The exposures include the structural-organisational characteristics of the LTCFs as reported by the facilities, preventative measures employed and relevant external factors., Results: Twenty facilities reported an outbreak of COVID-19. In binary logistic regression models, facilities with more than 15 beds were five times more likely to experience an outbreak than facilities with less than 15 beds OR=5.60 (CI 1.61 to 25.12; p value 0.002); admitting new residents to facilities was associated with a substantially higher risk of an outbreak: 6.46 (CI 1.58 to 27.58, p value 0.004). In a multivariable analysis, facility size was the only variable that was significantly associated with a COVID-19 outbreak OR= 5.37 (CI 1.58 to 22.8; p value 0.012) for larger facilities (>15 beds) versus smaller (<15 beds). Other characteristics and measures were not associated with an outbreak., Conclusion: There was evidence of a higher risk of COVID-19 in larger facilities and when new patients were admitted during the pandemic. All other structural-organisational characteristics and preventative measures were not associated with an outbreak. This finding calls into question existing policies, especially where there is a risk of harm to residents. One such example is the restriction of visitor access to facilities, resulting in the social isolation of residents., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)
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- 2022
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41. Distribution of HbS Allele and Haplotypes in a Multi-Ethnic Population of Guinea Bissau, West Africa: Implications for Public Health Screening.
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Martella M, Campeggio M, Pulè G, Wonkam A, Menzato F, Munaretto V, Viola G, Da Costa SP, Reggiani G, Araujo A, Cumbà D, Liotta G, Sainati L, Riccardi F, and Colombatti R
- Abstract
Background: Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is an inherited condition that is widespread globally and especially in malaria-endemic West African countries. Limited epidemiological data on SCD are available for Guinea Bissau, where newborn screening is not yet implemented, routine diagnosis is not available, and care is case directed., Methods: Dried blood spots were collected from children accessing two hospitals managed by Italian Non-Governmental Organizations in the capital city of Bissau and sent to Padova for Hemoglobin (Hb) quantification through HPLC and molecular analysis. Beta globin gene analysis was performed in all; and Hb haplotype of the HbSS and HbSA patients was performed in South Africa. One hundred samples belonging to the most frequent ethnic groups were randomly selected for detection of G6PD mutations., Results: Samples from 848 consecutive children (498 males and 350 females, mean age 6.8 years) accessing the two hospitals were analyzed: 6.95% AS (4.42% allelic frequency), 0.94% SS, and 0.23% AC. 376G G6PD allelic frequency was 24%; 14.8% in AS individuals. The Senegal haplotype was the most prevalent (31%), and the proposition of chromosomes with the atypical haplotype was surprisingly high (56%)., Conclusion: Our study demonstrates a significant frequency of the HbS allele in the population of Guinea Bissau supporting the implementation of screening strategies. The differences among ethnic groups can help guide targeted interventions for SCD awareness campaigns and determine priority areas for public health interventions. The pilot analysis on haplotypes reveals a large proportion of the atypical haplotype, which may be indicative of a genetically heterogeneous population., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Martella, Campeggio, Pulè, Wonkam, Menzato, Munaretto, Viola, Da Costa, Reggiani, Araujo, Cumbà, Liotta, Sainati, Riccardi and Colombatti.)
- Published
- 2022
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42. Seroprevalence of Brucella Infection in a Cohort of HIV-Positive Malawian Pregnant Women Living in Urban Areas.
- Author
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Baroncelli S, Tarantino M, Galluzzo CM, Liotta G, Orlando S, Sagno JB, Luhanga R, Andreotti M, Petrucci P, Amici R, Marazzi MC, Adone R, and Giuliano M
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- Animals, Female, Humans, Male, Pregnancy, Pregnant Women, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Brucella, Brucellosis epidemiology, Brucellosis veterinary, HIV Infections epidemiology, HIV Infections veterinary
- Abstract
Background: The seroprevalence of Brucella infection in sub-Saharan regions is high, and no recent data are available for Malawi, a country in which >60% of the population is involved in agropastoral activity. Aim: To evaluated the seroprevalence of Brucella in a cohort of HIV-positive pregnant women, living in an urban setting in Malawi. Methods: Sera of 201 pregnant women were tested for Brucella IgG. The Rose Bengal Plate Test and Serum Agglutination Tube test were used to determine antibody titer. Results: Five out of 201 (2.48%) women show positivity to Brucella, consistent with a past exposition to the infection. All five women delivered healthy infants, but two of them reported previous abortion/stillbirths, with a higher rate than those of the rest of the cohort (40% vs. 21.5%). Conclusions: This is one of the first reports of exposure of pregnant women to Brucella infection in Malawi, providing evidence of Brucella occurrence in an urban setting. Control programs should be introduced to reduce its impact on animal and human health.
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- 2022
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43. Predictors of Emergency Room Access and Not Urgent Emergency Room Access by the Frail Older Adults.
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Gentili S, Emberti Gialloreti L, Riccardi F, Scarcella P, and Liotta G
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- Aged, Emergency Service, Hospital, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Frail Elderly
- Abstract
Background: Emergency rooms (ERs) overcrowded by older adults have been the focus of public health policies during the recent COVID-19 outbreak too. This phenomenon needed a change in the nursing care of older frail people. Health policies have tried to mitigate the frequent use of ER by implementing community care to meet the care demands of older adults. The present study aimed to investigate the predictors of emergency room access (ERA) and not-urgent emergency room access (NUERA) of community-dwelling frail older adults in order to provide an indication for out-of-hospital care services. Method: Secondary analysis of an observational longitudinal cohort study was carried out. The cohort consisted of 1,246 community-dwelling frail older adults (over 65 years) in the Latium region in Italy. The ER admission rate was assessed over 3 years from the administration of the functional geriatric evaluation (FGE) questionnaire. The ordinal regression model was used to identify the predictors of ERA and NUERA. Moreover, the ERA and NUERA rate per 100 observations/year was analyzed. Results: The mean age was 73.6 (SD ± 7.1) years, and 53.4% were women. NUERAs were the 39.2% of the ERAs; robust and pre-frail individuals (79.3% of the sample) generated more than two-third of ERAs (68.17%), even if frails and very frails showed the higher ER rates per observation/year. The ordinal logistic regression model highlighted a predictive role on ERAs of comorbidity ( OR = 1.13, p < 0.001) and frailty level ( OR = 1.29; p < 0.001). Concerning NUERAs, social network ( OR 0.54, P = 0.015) and a medium score of pulmo-cardio-vascular function ( OR 1.50, P = 0.006) were the predictors. Conclusion: Comorbidity, lack of social support, and functional limitations increase both ERA and NUERA rates generated by the older adult population. Overall, bio-psycho-social frailty represents an indicator of the frequency of ERAs. However, to reduce the number of ERAs, intervention should focus mainly on the robust and pre-frail needs for prevention and care., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Gentili, Emberti Gialloreti, Riccardi, Scarcella and Liotta.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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