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Copyright of Urban Policy & Research is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Addressing intergenerational trauma caused through the impacts of colonization requires healing processes that are specific to the experiences and needs of First Nations peoples. This paper details an evaluation of two Aboriginal healing camps held in South Australia in 2021 and 2022. The camps focused on supporting members of the Stolen Generations, through a combination of First Nations and western healing practices. This paper details the framework used to structure the camps and provides an analysis of interviews with attendees. For the 2021 camp, nine attendees were interviewed before the camp and eight took part in a follow-up interview after the camp. For the 2022 camp, four attendees took part in a single time point interview. Thematic analysis of the interviews resulted in the development of five interrelated themes, focused on connections, belonging, healing, and truth-telling. The paper concludes by considering what the findings suggest for institutional change and growth in terms of future iterations of the camps, and the importance of First Nations-led opportunities for healing from intergenerational trauma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We further support the development of adaptation pathways for the future directions for water management in light of expected climate changes (Finlayson I et al i ., [9]; Gell I et al i ., [17]), being aware that the Australasian chapter in the recent report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (Lawrence I et al i ., [32]) has drawn attention to the difficulties that may arise with water sharing in the basin. ([4]) advocate with confidence that Lake Alexandrina must be kept fresh (as defined by Lester I et al., i [33], presumably) for the foreseeable future, as it was ever thus. ([4]) paper, as it was in similar advocacy papers and reports emerging from South Australia (Fluin I et al i ., [12]; Sim & Muller, [38]; Tibby I et al i ., [42]; and even Chiew I et al i ., [5]; who despite noting the records of the "mid-basin cores [are] indicative of intermediate salinity" [[5], p. 24], conclude that the lake was "largely fresh"). Maybe too, the father of Australian coastal geomorphology, Prof. Eric Bird, was misguided when he wrote in 1962 'After winter rains, and particularly after flooding in the Murray valley, the lakes became I almost fresh i , but in drought periods the reduction in freshwater inflow led to invasion of the lakes by sea water, and I high levels of salinity i were attained' (Bird, [3], p. 204). [Extracted from the article]

Induced polarisation (IP) is a common geophysical method of exploration for disseminated sulphides. However, in areas with deep (>200 m) and conductive (10 Ωm or less) cover, the technique is less successful as it requires a significant transmitter source and large-offset dipoles. An alternative approach is to use natural-variations in Earth’s external magnetic field as the polarising source of the signal, known as natural-field IP. This paper presents a study of extracting IP information from electrical dipole observations during a broadband magnetotelluric (MT) program with a 9 km by 9 km grid of 100 sites above the Vulcan IOCG deposit beneath 750 m of cover, ∼40 km north of the Olympic Dam IOCG mine in South Australia. Inter-site transfer functions between 95 sites and five reference sites at the southeast and southwest corners of the grid were computed to determine a phase shift between horizontal electric fields in the bandwidth of 1–100 s period. Phase shifts of up to – 5 degrees were centred on a region of brecciated hematite where drill holes intersected pyrite, and an inferred fault-zone from passive seismics that marks the boundary between upper crust that is resistive (>100 Ω.m) with high magnetic susceptibility to the south of the fault, and a region of conductive crust (<10 Ω.m) which is low magnetic susceptibility. Our study suggests that the natural-field IP method can identify regions of polarizable minerals beneath deep cover where artificial power sources cannot be feasibly deployed. Such surveys are cheaper, safer, and easier to deploy as only receivers are required, and 3D coverage can be obtained as the source-field is of much larger dimension than the survey array. In addition, the natural-field IP signals are observed as part of the MT program so that both electrical resistivity and polarisation parameters can be determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Musgrave Province of central Australia was the focus of long-lived mantle upwelling that produced large volumes of magnesian basaltic to tholeiitic magma and their felsic derivatives. The Musgrave Province contains one of the greatest concentrations of mafic–ultramafic layered intrusions globally, grouped as the Giles intrusions. In the present paper, we study the magmatic ore potential of the Kalka, Gosse Pile and Ewarara layered intrusions located in South Australia. Ewarara and Gosse Pile appear to have relatively low potential for platnium-group element (PGE) reefs and magmatic Ni–Cu, based on lack of evident metal enrichment and the absence of a mafic–ultramafic transition zone that hosts most PGE reefs globally. However, mafic–ultramafic pipes within the intrusions that could have higher ore potential have not been studied by us. At Kalka, the mafic–ultramafic transition interval is exposed, rendering this intrusion potentially more prospective for PGE reefs. However, based on the available data, this zone appears to be barren. Instead, there are signs of PGE enrichment and metal ratio variation in the magnetite-bearing upper portion of the intrusion suggestive of undiscovered PGE reefs. This interpretation is consistent with subtle Cu–Pd enrichment of soils adjacent to the upper portion of the intrusion. First assessment of magmatic ore potential of Kalka, Ewarara and Gosse Pile layered intrusions in South Australia. Kalka shows signs of PGE enrichment in upper, magnetite-bearing portion of intrusion, suggesting enhanced potential for a PGE reef. Ewarara and Gosse Pile appear to be less prospective for PGE–Ni–Cu, but picrite pipes remain unstudied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides new palaeogeographical reconstructions of the Spencer Gulf and Yorke Peninsula/Guuranda region of South Australia for the period ca. 20,000–6000 cal. BP. The rich complexity of traditional Aboriginal (Narungga) sea-level narratives is also explored. These narratives, which form a highly significant system of knowledge, are considered together by the Narungga and non-Narungga authors of the paper to generate a new dialogue about Aboriginal traditions and scientific data. The dialogue between the Narungga knowledge systems and palaeogeographic mapping reveals a strong concordance for events/time slices inclusive of the onset of marine transgression, the creation of northern Spencer Gulf and the formation of some islands—while also establishing that there are deeper complexities inherent within Narungga narratives that demonstrate layers of meaning at multiple scales. The palaeogeographic reconstructions are also considered in relation to the known archaeology and geomorphology of the region as well as new observations arising from this research. Targets for future underwater (and terrestrial) investigation relating to the periods of marine transgression are also outlined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores how South Australian judges use information about child sexual abuse (CSA) victimization history and its potentially traumatic impact, when sentencing adult defendants. Past research indicates that sentencing outcomes may significantly improve if judicial officers are "trauma-informed." "Trauma" is the distressing impact of adversity on an individual's social and emotional well-being. Drawing from a sample of 33 sentencing remarks within which judicial officers have identified defendants with histories of CSA, this article applies a trauma-informed practice framework to explore the degree to which the sentencing of these defendants may be trauma-informed. Finally, the paper discusses potential initiatives to better achieve community safety when sentencing people with trauma from CSA. The findings are highly transferable, given the parallels in the sentencing calculus across countries that have a Westminster system of law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Australian regional communities are changing. The combined impact of out-migration and ageing populations means that the capacity of regional communities to function as they traditionally have is challenged. In this context, volunteer effort remains a vital part of building community resilience and social capital. Yet, volunteering per se is under threat, and encouraging young people to volunteer an even greater challenge. This paper presents the results of a project that sought to understand the barriers to, and incentives for, youth volunteering at three regional local government areas in South Australia. First, we find that despite a popular conviction that youth volunteering is on the decline, it has in fact increased; the actual decline is with those volunteers who are within the 35-55-year age groups. Second, we found that two models of volunteering exist in the regions: (1) volunteering as an activity involving participation on committees or doing regular primarily public good group-based work (e.g., emergency services, Rotary, conservation); and (2) event-based, one-off, fun activities (sometimes, but not always, for the broader public good). Volunteering per se, however, was considered by all participants as central to community identity. Culture, sports and youth clubs emerged as important hubs for youth activity and potential volunteer recruitment. We suggest a new model for regional youth volunteering that prioritizes events, partnerships and social media, as well as using existing institutions as bridging organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A substantial empirical literature has investigated the performance of local authorities in a host of countries across the world. While this body of knowledge has made a significant contribution to our understanding of local government performance, including the role played by 'non-discretionary' environmental factors, much remains to be done. In an attempt to address some of the shortcomings of extant studies on the determinants of municipal performance, especially in terms of their treatment of environmental factors, in this paper we investigate the technical efficiency of local government in South Australia (SA) by examining input slacks (input excess) in the different municipal services However, in contrast to existing empirical work in the area, which is focused almost exclusively on the direct impact of determinants on efficiency scores, we examine the effects of determinants on input excess, in order to determine which factors stimulate local councils to perform inefficiently, then internalize their influence and filter out unobserved biases via a bootstrapping methodology to evaluate the managerial inefficiency of SA local government. We find that the efficiency of SA local councils is on average 0.734, implying that local councils could potentially improve their performance by 0.267 to reach the full efficiency. After filtering out the influence of environmental factors on inputs slacks and unobserved disturbances with the bootstrapping method, the residual inefficiency can be attributed to managerial inefficiency. Various policy implications are then considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Geochemical data are frequently collected from mineral exploration drill-hole samples to more accurately define and characterise the geological units intersected by the drill hole. However, large multi-element data sets are slow and challenging to interpret without using some form of automated analysis, such as mathematical, statistical or machine learning techniques. Automated analysis techniques also have the advantage in that they are repeatable and can provide consistent results, even for very large data sets. In this paper, an automated litho-geochemical interpretation workflow is demonstrated, which includes data exploration and data preparation using appropriate compositional data-analysis techniques. Multiscale analysis using a modified wavelet tessellation has been applied to the data to provide coherent geological domains. Unsupervised machine learning (clustering) has been used to provide a first-pass classification. The results are compared with the detailed geologist's logs. The comparison shows how the integration of automated analysis of geochemical data can be used to enhance traditional geological logging and demonstrates the identification of new geological units from the automated litho-geochemical logging that were not apparent from visual logging but are geochemically distinct. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper further explores the importance of "becoming-Aboriginal" as a postcolonial or decolonising strategy in terms of Australian national identity, specifically through the "gateway" of Aboriginal tourism. Here, however, this strategy is tied particularly to Felix Guattari's work The Three Ecologies (1989) as part of a more urgent need to confront the crises presently facing humanity. Through focusing on one region in northern South Australia, initially visited in 1980 then again in 2020, I reflect upon my own experiences with Aboriginal culture and its ecologies in this area as a way to explore and expand upon not only my own identity and subjectivity but that of Australia's more generally. Considering Australia has always suffered something of an "identity crisis" because of its often brutal white colonial history, the concepts of cultural transversality and ecosophy could provide a further turning point in the reconciliation process between Aboriginal and settler Australians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An online survey conducted in two Australian states (South Australia and Victoria) to study the impact of the pandemic on multi-dimensional wellbeing of individuals found that a higher proportion of women maintained overall wellbeing. Although women reported lower levels of wellbeing in psychological health and similar rates of physical health and living standards compared to men, they achieved higher levels of wellbeing in the ecology and community domains. This paper argues that women's utilisation of blue/green space and social connection played a key role in maintaining wellbeing. Comparing the findings for South Australia and Victoria suggest that women's overall hopefulness and resilience in the pandemic decreased with the severity and length of mobility restrictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the pathways to agri-food sustainability in the context of the historical broadacre farming region of Mid North South Australia. Using notions of sustainable agriculture and multifunctional rural transitions to explore the geohistorical development trajectory of the region, it discusses the tensions and opportunities inherent to the future of farming in the Mid North and their impact on community development. We aim to contribute to a wider reflexion on the role of territoriality in the sustainable food transition debate, and its relevance in a traditionally productivist but marginal landscape. The paper proposes an extensive review of the historical, agricultural, socio-economic and institutional contexts of regional Australia before discussing the farming future(s) of the Mid North. We use a typology of 'modes of occupance' to reflect upon the compatibility between the emergence of differentiated multifunctional rural spaces in the Mid North and the realisation of agri-food sustainability transitions across its territory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent claims based on hydrodynamic modelling within a sequence stratigraphical perspective of incised valley fill sedimentation have argued that the Lower River Murray and its terminal lakes Alexandrina and Albert represented a marine–estuarine lake system, with marine salinities for some 200 km upstream from the Murray Mouth. These claims have encouraged proposals for the removal of barrages near the Murray Mouth to restore the 'original natural condition' of the lakes. It has also been suggested that fine-grained terrestrial sediments were trapped in this mega-lake, necessitating a re-assessment of the Holocene climatic history of southeastern Australia determined from the study of continental slope cores. We show that throughout Holocene time (the past 11.7 ka), the Lower River Murray remained a freshwater-dominated system, based on a range of mutually complementary sedimentary evidence. Radiocarbon dating of Aboriginal middens adjacent to the river and lakes comprising freshwater mussels (dominantly Velesunio ambiguous), crayfish (Euastacus armatus), turtles (Emydura macquarii) and otoliths of freshwater fish species, such as Murray cod (Maccullochella peelii), confirm freshwater riverine and lacustrine conditions throughout the Holocene. Lake Alexandrina also contains endemic obligate freshwater fishes, including a genetically divergent and locally adapted lineage of southern pygmy perch (Nannorpeca australis), revealing an evolutionary history linked to freshwater habitat in the lakes since the late Pleistocene. Freshwater diatoms from fine-grained fluvial clay successions at Riverglen Marina, and diatoms and lacustrine sediments, including sapropels in the lower lakes and their former embayments of Cooke Plains and Waltowa Swamp, also chronicle a history of freshwater deposition. Lakeshore ridges of terrestrially derived quartz sand formed during elevated freshwater lake levels 8.0 ± 1.2 ka ago, while consolidated masses of the freshwater clam Corbicula australis, radiocarbon dated at 2650 ± 90 year BP, also attest to long-term freshwater conditions. An open Murray Mouth is prima facie evidence for sustained river discharge, and the mouth remained open throughout the Holocene based on geomorphological evidence. The barrages that were built to retain freshwater within the lower lakes, in response to upstream water abstractions, which had reduced river flows, provide the closest analogue of the 'original' conditions of this environment. With increased automation, nuanced barrage operation could even better simulate the original environment, whereas removing the barrages and building a weir at Wellington would destroy the character of this internationally significant Ramsar Wetland, with detrimental impacts farther upstream. Paleoclimatic, geomorphological and modelling reconstructions, together with sedimentary records based on freshwater diatoms, molluscs, fish, turtles and lacustrine systems and evidence of genetically divergent and locally adapted obligate freshwater fishes, demonstrate that predominantly freshwater conditions were present in the Lower River Murray and its terminal lakes throughout Holocene time (11.7 ka). The empirical observations presented in this paper reveal that a large marine-dominated mid-Holocene estuary was not present in the Lower River Murray, Australia. Proposals to remove the barrages near the Murray Mouth would destroy the long-term freshwater environment of this Internationally Significant Wetland Site with negative ecological impacts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Relationships and sexual health education is an accepted part of the school curriculum to support adolescent development. In recent years, the nature of this education has expanded to include topics encompassing a social model of health (e.g. with a focus on gender roles). There has, however, been limited exploration of student views about the inclusion of these topics. This paper presents student feedback on South Australia's Relationships and Sexual Health Programme, a state-wide curriculum produced by the state's major sexual and reproductive health organisation. The findings are drawn from an annual survey conducted from 2006 to 2017, involving 29,533 secondary school students aged 12–16 years. Regression analyses were used to assess the relationship between the year the survey was conducted and student ratings of the programme ('good/excellent' vs 'poor/satisfactory') and, separately, the individual topics students' considered most important. There was a positive association between survey year and rating the programme as 'good/excellent' with regard to providing a 'safe and supportive classroom environment', and a small negative association between survey year and 'overall rating' as 'good/excellent'. Over time, there was an increase in the number of students selecting the topic 'consent' as the most important. These findings demonstrate student support for the inclusion of a range of social health topics in relationships and sexual health education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Australian Social Work is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

It is known that parental experiences of perceived racism are associated with poorer mental health in children. However, little is known about the mechanism of transmission of intergenerational racism among Aboriginal Australians. This study aims to explore the causal effect of Aboriginal mothers' experience of perceived racism on children's social and emotional well-being mediated by parenting sense of competence. Pregnant Aboriginal women (N = 159) reported their experiences of perceived racism using the Measure of Indigenous Racism Experiences instrument, and completed a five year follow-up survey, reporting their sense of parenting competence using the Parenting Sense of Competence Scale and their child's social and emotional well-being using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. A single causal mediation analysis was used to examine the causal effects while accounting for confounding variables (mother's age, education, and socioeconomic status). Mothers who experienced perceived racism in at least one setting were at an increased odds of their child experiencing social and emotional difficulties (OR = 1.28, 95% CI [0.55, 2.98]). This effect was not mediated by parenting sense of competence, despite an effect between parenting competence and children's social and emotional well-being (OR = 0.44, 95% CI [0.19, 1.06]). The findings suggest that maternal experiences of perceived racism has a longitudinal effect on their children's social and emotional well-being, which is not mediated through the mothers' parenting sense of competence. These findings highlight the importance of reducing racism as these may have far-reaching effects across generations on socio-social and emotional well-being. What is already known about this topic: Racism is a significant public health issue in Australia as experiences of racism are highly prevalent among Aboriginal Australians, and associated with adverse health and wellbeing. The effects of racism are known to have pervasive intergenerational impacts, with parental experiences of racism affecting children's social and emotional wellbeing. To date, little is known about the mechanism by which parental perceptions of racism lead to adverse social-emotional wellbeing for children. What this topic adds: This paper is the first to explore whether parenting sense of competence mediates the effect of maternal experience of perceived racism on children's social and emotional well-being. Children aged five years were at an increased risk of social and emotional difficulties if their mother had experienced perceived racism in at least one setting during pregnancy. The impact of maternal experience of perceived racism on children's social and emotional well-being was not transmitted through the mother's parenting sense of competence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Older people generally want to live in their own homes for as long as possible. This can be facilitated by home modifications, but improving the thermal quality of their living environment remains under-researched. This paper discusses the application of building performance simulation to explore strategies to improve the homes' thermal environment and their effects on older people's thermal comfort, with the aim of developing design guidelines. Indoor temperature data recorded hourly were used to calibrate simulation models of four sample houses. Six strategies that affect thermal comfort were tested based on the thermal preferences of six older adults' personas. Results show significant differences in the effectiveness of the strategies depending on the thermal preferences of the occupants, the house types, the seasons, and the climate zones. The study highlights the importance of considering occupant diversity and contextual factors when using building simulation to explore design strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The early Cambrian (Cambrian Series 2, Stage 4) Emu Bay Shale Lagerstatte of Kangaroo Island, South Australia is significant because it represents the best Burgess Shale type fauna in the southern hemisphere. Although the original locality near Big Gully occurs in coastal outcrops with large (up to 25 cm long) examples of the trilobite Redlichia takooensis on bedding planes, it was not discovered until 1954 by Brian Daily; this was largely due to difficulties of access. The first taxonomic paper was not produced until 1979, after which work on the Lagerstatte was intermittent, with a substantial theft of fossils from the coastal locality occurring in 1991. In 2007, excavation commenced at a new inland site. This has yielded over 50 species, including some not known from the original locality. Taxonomic papers dealing with the new locality are now being published. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the interaction between housing tenure and the propensity of displaced workers from the automotive sector to be employed one year to 18 months post-redundancy. It considers the 'Oswald thesis' that home ownership contributes to higher rates of unemployment in advanced economies and reviews this proposition using survey data from 314 households. The paper focuses on the experience of workers retrenched from the Lonsdale and Tonsley Park plants of Mitsubishi Motors Australia Ltd and, unlike some other research, finds general support for the Oswald thesis. It is suggested that a number of factors contribute to a lower rate of re-engagement with the formal labour market by home owners, including the absence of locally available employment, the high cost of transport to regions where employment is on offer and a strong sense of attachment to their region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This case study illustrates the importance of political factors in determining policy outcomes. In addition to technical and policy considerations, practitioners must consider the political aspects of policy changes and incorporate them into their assessments. Core political considerations were incorporated into the successful privatization of the South Australian Lotteries, which were derived from an earlier unsuccessful attempt. Public servants must develop sharp political skills in order to align with the strategies of political decision-makers. This paper investigates the motives and incentives behind the privatization of the South Australian Lotteries. Our analysis yields three main insights: first, short-term financial considerations were the most important incentive in this instance of privatization. Second, a mix of instrumental and political considerations co-existed as motivating factors. Lastly, a previous (unsuccessful) privatization effort provided important guidance. These insights reveal the inadequacy of the established literature, which focuses on single-motive explanations of privatization, to account for special cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comprehensive spatial plans require a wide range of high quality spatial data, but planning requirements are not always considered in the increasing number of spatial data initiatives. This paper presents a framework for systematically analysing the availability and quality of spatial datasets in urban planning, and applies this to the example of the metropolitan strategy for Greater Adelaide, South Australia. The findings reveal significant gaps in important spatial data that are publicly available. This is especially concerning given the need to better understand integrated and multi-scalar planning policies such as for mixed use developments and polycentric urban structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the relationships between sport spectator motivation, involvement, and loyalty. It sought to validate a comprehensive motivation scale and test the interrelationships among these three concepts using a partial least squares structural equation model (PLS-SEM) analysis. Data were analysed from 585 surveys collected from match day attendees of Australian Rules football in South Australia. The findings suggest that a strong positive relationship was found between sport spectators' motivation and both socio-psychological involvement and behavioural involvement. Spectators' motivation displays a mediating (indirect) effect on their loyalty through both involvement constructs. However, non-significant relationships between motivation and loyalty were found. One of the strongest motivations we found for attending a football game was vicarious achievement, whereas behavioural involvement has the strongest effect on spectators' loyalty. This paper advances sport spectatorship scholarship and provides broader practical implications for practitioners, assisting in developing club's long-term community engagement and growth plans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper outlines the current Australian policy environment for delivering affordable housing in urban renewal contexts. An increasing shift towards infill development, coupled with a decreasing provision of government-owned social housing, is placing severe pressure on housing affordability. The cumulative effect is to create the need for governments to intervene on urban renewal projects to ensure that affordable housing options are delivered as a part of any new development. Three different approaches to planning for affordable housing in three states are examined: the former Urban Land Development Authority in Queensland, the 15% inclusionary zoning requirement in South Australia and the Affordable Rental Housing State Environmental Planning Policy in New South Wales. Despite significant differences between these approaches, a number of potential roles emerge for government to support delivery of affordable housing by market and not-for-profit housing providers, without adversely affecting development viability. These roles are as theland facilitator, educator, risk taker, subsidiser and long-term planner. Given that one aim of current policy directions is to reduce the role of government in delivering housing and urban growth, the paper concludes by considering the extent to which the approaches across the three states studied can be considered successful. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The Flinders Ranges in the north and Mount Lofty Ranges in the south form a continuous highland chain extending ∼1000 km in eastern South Australia. This region corresponds to outcropping rocks of the Neoproterozoic to Cambrian Adelaide Rift Complex. The semi-arid ranges of the north with their historic mining heritage and the agriculture and vineyards of the south are heavily promoted as iconic natural and cultural tourism attractions, increasingly combining with indigenous landscape stories. With the exception of Arkaroola and Kangaroo Island, these regions are linked by the 600 km Heysen Walking Trail and adjacent Mawson Cycle Trail. Research on the Ediacara fossil biota in the Flinders Ranges has raised public awareness of geological history and the early evolution of life on Earth and developed into a multi-site Flinders Ranges World Heritage Nomination project. This is supported by the South Australian Government as part of its Nature Tourism programme to provide opportunities for conservation, education, tourism initiatives and local employment, all of which are aspirations of the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO). South Australia has a World Heritage Fossil site at the Naracoorte Caves complex, which is a compact National Park with many staff and security for laboratories and underground fossil deposits. The multi-site World Heritage proposal for the semi-remote Flinders Ranges presents a very different approach for protection and public visitation. Following an emerging global trend for geotourism and developing geotrails, this paper proposes a 400-km loop geotrail across the region linking the nominated Flinders World Heritage elements with other 'Geological Monuments', listed State Heritage and historical sites. This strategy has the potential to involve wider community interest, engagement, support and involvement in its management. The concept would be a natural link to the Heysen and Mawson trails, both named after prominent South Australians with strong links to the Flinders Ranges landscape. It could be named the Ediacara Geotrail, Sprigg Geotrail or Arkaroo Geotrail after the indigenous dreamtime creator of the northeastern Flinders Ranges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tensions between constructions of nature and culture are increasingly relevant in the twenty-first century as natural environments near large population centres come under increasing pressure from developers. The western face of the Mount Lofty Ranges, South Australia, is a historically significant cultural landscape where, following European colonisation, landscape use transitioned between 'cultural' and 'natural' according to local economies and changing public perceptions. Historical and archaeological evidence for the evolution of this landscape illustrate the dichotomies between these changing landscape values and growing public appreciation of the aesthetic qualities of this 'green' backdrop to the city of Adelaide. During the 1960s and 1970s the South Australian Parliament passed legislation creating a Hills Face Zone to protect this region from urban development. This paper presents evidence why, fifty years later, this model for landscape management is increasingly relevant as world population growth and urban sprawl extend into natural environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Throughout Australia’s history, successive governments have lamented the clustering of non-English-speaking migrants in ‘ethnic enclaves’ or ‘ghettos’. From the early Chinatowns of the 1800s till today, urban concentrations of ethnic groups have raised concerns and fears in local populations and authorities alike, despite decades of international research which suggests that ethnic residential clusters actually aid long-term assimilation and adjustment. Many of the ethnic residential clusters in contemporary Australia have been claimed to be a direct consequence of the migrant hostels and reception centres which operated between 1948 and the 1990s. This paper traces migrant settlement patterns in South Australia in rich detail, revealing the complexities of lived experiences that shape migrant settlement decisions. Against the background of public and scholarly debates over ‘ethnic enclaves’, and drawing on quantitative and qualitative historical research on the lived experiences of former hostel migrants, it analyses how migrant hostels and reception centres contributed to the settlement experiences of diverse migrants. We conclude that migrant hostels were just one among various factors that led to the growth and maintenance of ethnic residential clusters. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper presents a method for identifying and monitoring regional tourism development preferences using an Internet public participation geographic information system (PPGIS). In 2004, a large baseline study of landscape values and development preferences was completed on Kangaroo Island (KI), South Australia, using low technology, paper-map PPGIS. In 2010, we implemented an Internet-based PPGIS monitoring study with the same participants to (1) determine the efficacy of smaller scale monitoring efforts using an Internet-based PPGIS, (2) examine whether residents' tourism development preferences had changed over the last six years and (3) assess the strengths and weaknesses of the PPGIS methodology for identifying changes in tourism development preferences. Since KI is the first international tourism destination to adopt the Tourism Optimization Management Model (TOMM) for monitoring tourism outcomes, we contrast the PPGIS monitoring method with information from the TOMM process. Our results indicate that tourism development preferences remained relatively stable over the past six years with some small changes on the western reach of the island. We argue that an Internet-based PPGIS method can be an effective tool for tourism development planning and monitoring because the method is place-based, cost-effective and provides tighter coupling with land use planning controls such as zoning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Against the broad background of international practice, this paper presents a methodology using the spatial analysis of the assessed value to the sales price ratio as an integral part of contributing to the quality control and assurance of the fiscal cadastre. It adopts Local Moran's I and surface interpolation techniques to highlight potential geographical areas of inequity that may be more a function of a location differential than a price differential, the traditional indicator of inequity. Using the metropolitan area of Adelaide, South Australia, as a case study the paper explores a potential methodology to capture this dimension and include it as part of the overall quality assurance procedure. This could enhance the quality of the fiscal cadastre as an integrated part of a spatially enabled land administration system for all stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper seeks to enter the current debate over the future of the South Australian Legislative Council by critiquing recent reform proposals and then outlining some modest suggestions for reform. The paper contends that a number of recent reform proposals are explicitly partisan and seek to enlarge the role of large parties and majority government. On the contrary others would ban political parties. The paper contends that whilst the Legislative Council exhibits many of the characteristics of an effective and useful upper house, reform of four areas would enable its review function to be improved. These areas include: the size of the Council; the term lengths of members; the method for resolving deadlocks; and the method for replacing retiring members. The paper then critically examines the proposal to ban political parties; and argues instead that instituting the Robson Rotation system would promote freedom of association and freedom of choice by voters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports on the development and preliminary evaluation of 'Global Experience', an innovative programme at the University of South Australia designed to broaden students' intercultural engagement through a range of international experiential activities. The paper provides the rationale for the establishment of the programme including a summary of data from a feasibility study. A preliminary evaluation of the programme which has been operational since February 2008, is based on a range of data sets including the results of a survey of commencing students, a survey of the first graduates of the programme, plus results from the online Course Evaluation Instrument (CEI), Student Evaluation of Teaching for the academic component Global Experience Professional Development (GEPD) and qualitative feedback in journals written by students enrolled in GEPD. The data indicate that the Global Experience programme is fulfilling its objectives by responding to the recommendations of numerous researchers to operationalise programmes that encourage students to develop cross-cultural understanding, intercultural communication and international perspectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a case study of the construction of a partially pre-stressed multi-storey office block in Adelaide, Australia. The designers and construction managers faced numerous issues involving the construction speed and performance of the nine storey building, in particular the performance of the two-way partially pre-stressed suspended slabs. The planned construction period was an absolute minimum due to a contract for early occupancy and high daily costs of construction equipment. Excessive deflections of the 9.6 m × 8.4 m × 200 mm thick slabs were a concern for this fast-track construction. This situation created some significant issues to ensure satisfactory construction speed and acceptable deflection levels. This paper discusses these issues while also explaining and documenting the steps taken to obtain the final solution. A large collection of data from the construction process is presented. An emphasis is placed on the material properties of the concrete slabs, namely compressive strength (fc) and modulus of elasticity (Ec) development over time, due to their direct effect on the construction timeline. The effects of concrete curing conditions on material property development are also addressed. Lastly the outcomes and performance of the slabs, namely construction time and slab deformations, are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers the author's insights on the Philosophy of Education Society of Australasia (PESA) conferences with Richard Peters. The author cites that attending conferences in Australia and New Zealand such as those in Adelaide and Christchurch, respectively, were rewarding and satisfying in terms of academic and society. He says that he was influenced much by Kevin Harris' scrutiny on the linguistic approach to Philosophy of Education in a 1976 conference. He comments that the quality of papers in 2007 Wellington conference was less of congeniality than the previous conferences he was associated with. He adds that maybe competition is damaging collegiality and lowering the standards. He concludes that his 40-year experience with PESA personalities was valuable.

Quaternary alluvial and colluvial sediments infill major river valleys and form alluvial fans and colluvium-filled bedrock depressions on the range fronts and within the Mount Lofty Ranges of southern Australia. A complex association of alluvial successions occurs in the Sellicks Creek drainage basin, as revealed from lithostratigraphy, physical landscape setting and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) ages. Correlation of OSL ages with the Marine Oxygen Isotope record reveals that the alluvial successions represent multiple episodes of alluvial sedimentation since the penultimate glaciation (Marine Isotope Stage 6; MIS 6). The successions include a penultimate glacial maximum alluvium (Taringa Formation; 160 ± 15 ka; MIS 6), an unnamed alluvial succession (42 ± 3.2 ka; MIS 3), a late last glacial colluvial succession within bedrock depressions (ca 15 ka; MIS 2) and a late last glacial alluvium (ca 15 ka; MIS 2) in the lowest, distal portion of Sellicks Creek. In addition, the Waldeila Formation, a Holocene alluvium (3.5 ± 0.3 ka; MIS 1), and sediments deposited during a phase of Post-European Settlement Aggradation (PESA) are also identified. The age and spatial distribution of the red/brown successions, mapped as the Upper Pleistocene Pooraka Formation, directly relate to different topographic and tectonic settings. Neotectonic uplift locally enhanced erosion and sedimentation, while differences in drainage basin sizes along the margin of the ranges have influenced the timing and delivery of sediment in downstream locations. Close to the Willunga Fault Scarp at Sellicks Creek, sediments resembling the Pooraka Formation have yielded a pooled mean OSL age of 83.9 ± 7 ka (MIS 5a) corroborating the previously identified extended time range for deposition of the formation. Elsewhere, within major river valleys, the Pooraka Formation was deposited during the last interglacial maximum (128–118 ka; MIS 5e). In general, alluviation occurred during interglacial and interstadial pluvial events, while erosion predominated during drier glacial episodes. In both cases, contemporaneous erosion and sedimentation continued to affect the landscape. For example, in the Sellicks Creek drainage basin, which lies across an actively uplifting fault zone, late glacial age sediments (MIS 2) occur within the ranges and near the distal margin of the alluvial fan complex. OSL dating of the alluvial successions reported in this paper highlights linkages between the terrestrial and marine environments in association with sea-level (base-level) and climatic perturbations. While the alluvial successions relate largely to climatically driven changes, especially in major river valleys, tectonics, eustasy, geomorphic setting and topography have influenced erosion and sedimentation, especially on steep-sloped alluvial fan environments. Luminescence dating of the Sellicks Creek alluvial fan complex reveals that sedimentation occurred predominantly during the later stages of glacial cycles accompanying lower sea-levels than present. Luminescence dating confirms that the stratigraphically lower portions of the Pooraka Formation are beyond the range of radiocarbon dating. Upper Pleistocene alluvial fan sedimentation at Sellicks Creek correlates with pluvial events in southeastern Australia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper uses oral history as an appropriate method to reveal how residents in the "green village" of Lochiel Park, South Australia, have changed their heating and cooling practises over their life courses. The analysis shows how concepts of modernity, largely drawn from Simmel, help analyze the narratives of the respondents and how these reveal both an increased reliance on technology in their life time and an increased involvement in the money economy. The narratives of the respondents at Lochiel Park express a paradox in which technological innovation has almost certainly enabled reduced energy use and reduced carbon emissions compared to the recent past, whilst also facilitating greater use of non-renewable energy sources compared to the period before the introduction of air conditioning. Based on the comments on residents, improved technology in building and in heating and cooling is likely to remain the most viable strategy towards sustainable thermal comfort. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Evidence-based policing is rapidly becoming adopted by policing agencies among policing jurisdictions. Many academic programmes have been established in higher education to train police managers in applied criminology. However, there is a lack of literature for police officer practitioner researchers (POPR) who might undertake qualitative research, especially research projects that examine police behaviour. This paper reflects on the changing role of the practitioner-researcher and suggests that police officers undertaking qualitative research need to learn to 'switch off their police role' and 'switch on their researcher role'. The author's insights are drawn from his own experience of qualitative fieldwork working with police officers from New Zealand Police and South Australian Police. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines some of the issues that arise out of partnerships between universities and regions. It draws upon the experience of Flinders University in working with a range of regional agents in responding to the closure of the Mitsubishi Motors Australia Limited (MMAL) plant at Lonsdale in Adelaide's southern suburbs. The paper suggests that there are a number of hurdles to the establishment of effective partnerships that include: the perception that universities behave in ways that are different to either public or private sector organizations; the absence of universities from the networks and communication protocols central to the work of economic development practitioners; the sporadic nature of university engagement with regional issues; and, the gap between university funding models and local economic aspirations. The paper also finds that government-established mechanisms for regional development may be flawed, especially if they are dominated by representatives of the public sector. The research concludes that current policy preoccupations with the development of commercially valuable intellectual property results in a heavy discounting of other economic impacts. Finally, the paper argues that a pathway for effective engagement between universities and their regions can be established, but such initiatives require considerable time, patience and understanding on the part of all parties. Periods of regional economic stress may not be the most appropriate periods for establishing these working relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Learning at school is a complex process of socialisation into selected and valued practices of a society. As children and students progress through levels of education, they are instructed in increasingly specialised cultural practices defined in the curriculum as subjects. This paper describes subject-specific teachers working with non-English-speaking immigrant students in a secondary school in South Australia. It examines teachers' subject discourses as opportunities for students' apprenticeship into the practices of two secondary school curriculum subjects, science and home economics. The focus of this paper is on the way teachers' practices and discourses constructed specific cultural domains of the school curriculum for immigrant students. In class, students experienced language in context, which served the social purposes of their community of practice. Teachers and students carried out practices of science and home economics with distinctive spoken and written discourses, which were linked with material and behavioural semiotic resources in the processes of instruction. The study proposes that through their involvement in the social practices of content subjects, newcomers experience and are apprenticed into selected discourses for cultural participation in education. The study suggests that for new arrivals or immigrants, the curriculum experiences are engagements with cultural practices, which constitute part of their socialisation into new cultural contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the interactions between history and tourism in rural townships in South Australia. Tourism may hold some promise as a partial solution to the economic problems of rural communities, and the links between community history groups and tourism are valuable, but the development of historical tourism presents challenges to the integrity of the community and its heritage. There are tensions between the need for historical enterprises such as living history exhibits and museums to attract tourists and the need for them to be places of memory and identity for community members. The discussion is based on historical and contemporary research that investigated historical and heritage tourism in rural South Australian communities, particularly those of the Murray Valley. This research indicated that tourism and history have interacted throughout Australian settlement history, but that tourism is becoming increasingly significant as a source of income for rural communities in the twenty-first century. Accompanying this development is recognition of the difficulties inherent in maintaining a balance between the community's links to its own unique past, and the need for history and heritage tourism to be packaged in a way that is easily accessible to visitors. Most information that is produced to help guide communities in tourism development is based on quantitative evidence based on state and national aggregated statistics and is limited in its ability to predict the cultural impact of tourism on smaller and more isolated communities like the South Australian townships that have been the main focus of the research. This paper explores both positive and negative aspects of tourism development, and its effects on history and heritage preservation in these communities. It will argue that they take a very thoughtful approach to their tourism development, and will carefully assess tourism's potential for economic growth against the impact that it may have on historical and cultural identity. It will further argue that to help them in this quest requires further investigation into the relationships between community heritage, memory and identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information about the agenda discussed during the conference entitled "Japan's Vision of An East Asian Community: Responses from Asia" in Adelaide, South Australia. The meeting focused on the goal to create an East Asian community that would foster regional cooperation among members. Jave Maswood, associate professor at Griffith University in Brisbane, chaired the session and panelist from various Asian countries spoke on national experiences.

Grow Free, a grassroots social initiative, emerged in South Australia in 2013. Grow Free advocates for the sharing and exchange of free seeds, seedlings, fruits, and vegetables among neighbors. The number of Grow Free participants grew to about 230 throughout South Australia as of 2022. This article explores the agri-social characteristics of Grow Free participants, drawing on 50 postal survey respondents and 17 semi-structured phone interviews. This study finds that diverse non-governmental organizations in addition to residential households are actively participating in the Grow Free network, including community gardens and community centers. Moreover, many household-type Grow Free participants are linked to an array of other grassroots social initiatives including Permaculture South Australia and Trees for Life. The study notes that Grow Free along with other alternative food networks has facilitated collaborative food production and consumption at a local scale. Through grassroots organizational mechanisms, Grow Free participants have been committed to fostering community building and resilience through food sharing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The exploitation of natural resources within areas that are valued for their environmental qualities raises competing emotions. This paper considers a proposal to undertake petroleum exploration in an area of recognised environmental value, namely, the Coongie Lakes of far north-east South Australia. In development cases such as this, the level of inquiry needs to address environmental, social, cultural and economic issues from a range of interest groups; therefore, the process of assessment is a crucial factor in minimising conflict and meeting the wishes of the stakeholders. In the example of Coongie Lakes, the chosen method failed. This paper discusses the perspectives of the major stakeholders, the process of assessment undertaken, and the criticisms directed at this process. The apparent inadequacies of the assessment process undertaken are then highlighted, and an alternative assessment procedure suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The IMOS HF-Radar array in South Australia provides observations of the ocean waters south of Spencer Gulf. In addition to ocean surface currents, the data from this array can be processed to provide near real-time observations of wave statistics and wind direction. The Australian Bureau of Meteorology requires access to these observations for forecast modelling but currently only have a single Waverider buoy operating in South Australian waters at Cape du Couedic, south of Kangaroo Island, which provides no directional information. The HF-Radar array could potentially be used to augment the current operational observation systems used by the Bureau. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of the HF-Radar system against observations from the Waverider buoy and an automatic weather station at Neptune Island and also compare the HF-Radar observations to a wave model based on the eSA-Marine forecast grid. The results suggest that upgrading the HF-Radar to provide near real-time wave and wind data would provide a new, independent source of environmental observations for the Bureau. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Policy contexts for health promotion (HP) are often reported to be unsupportive. However, in South Australia, there is a long history of support. This paper reports on the research question: To what extent were key South Australian (SA) policies and strategic documents supportive of HP and health system building blocks for HP from 2003 to 2013? Twenty SA government documents were examined through an analysis of HP (goal, actions and strategies) and World Health Organization health system building blocks. The policy and practice context changed from strong support for HP in 2003 to its near abandonment in 2013. Key findings include: a wavering commitment to reducing health inequities as well as indeterminate support for community participation. In terms of leadership and governance for HP, there was an abdication of 'health governance' for reorienting health services toward HP, although there was a strong focus on 'governance for health' through intersectoral collaboration. Other system building blocks were supported to varying levels; however, in 2013, financing, workforce and HP practice were found to have disappeared from the policy agenda. Information as a system building block was also a key theme. On one hand, the importance of monitoring population health was commonly discussed, and on the other, the lack of evidence of HP effectiveness was significant in decisions that led to the decline in the HP policy and practice. This review of key SA government documents over a 10-year period offered a striking picture of how the HP policy context changed in one Australian state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on the invitation of papers for the Ecological Risk Assessment for Terrestrial Ecosystems Workshop that was held in Adelaide, South Australia in April 2004. The workshop was fortunate in attracting international experts from the U.S., Europe and New Zealand, plus about 100 Australian delegates. Glenn Suter from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, provided a U.S. perspective and Jack Faber from Wageningen University and Research Centre, the Netherlands, provided a European viewpoint on site-specific ecological risk assessments. A feature of the workshop was that the afternoons were devoted completely to workshop discussions, following thought provoking introductions from the invited experts. The topics of discussions at the workshop included contaminant sources, bioavailability and toxicity to receptor organisms, exposure pathways, databases, data deficiency randomness, data quality, mistakes in assessment, sampling strategies, analytical and modeling tools as well as stakeholder involvement and risk communication.

Children have been made a priority in Australian government obesity interventions, with programmes tending to focus on promoting behaviour change in food and exercise practices. This paper reports findings from ethnographic research with a group of Australian children aged 10–14 years living in a low socio-economic suburban setting. We propose that central to these children’s experiences of food and eating is the negotiation and management of hunger. Historically, disadvantage has been embodied and inscribed on children’s bodies in very visible ways, and the coexistence of hunger and obesity is part of this continuum. Despite considerable evidence of food insecurity in our research site, issues of hunger were absent in an obesity intervention underway at the time. We examine how hunger was felt in children’s lives, how it was managed and the ways in which messages about eating less, while eating more ‘healthy foods’, were at odds with the children’s experiences of hunger. Moreover, we argue that hunger and obesity in this context were doubly stigmatised, as children were very aware of how their hunger and their bodies marked them as different and disadvantaged. Attention to both the embodied and social impacts of hunger on children and their everyday relationships is key in formulating more sensitive, contextualised public health interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Barngarla is a Thura-Yura Pama-Nyungan language originally spoken on the Eyre Peninsula, South Australia and adjacent northern hinterlands. This paper proposes various etymologies and supports the Barngarla language reclamation. Reflecting Barngarla epistemology and traditional ecological knowledge, toponyms are intimately connected to place name reclamation and language reclamation. Delineating hunting, foraging and fishing places, geographical features, and sites embedded in oral history, toponyms also provide windows into broader diachronic processes within grammar and phonology. Oral history recorded by the German missionary Clamor Wilhelm Schürmann indicates naming practices dating back to the late-Pleistocene showing some similarities to other, non-Barngarla groups. Several named band areas seem focused on floristic regions. Barngarla toponyms exhibit signs of diachronic processes both regarding phonology and grammar. We explore the extent to which post-invasion Barngarla names are identifiable, propose evidence for Thura-Yura lenition of an original gabi 'water' form, and discuss a locative form -la unrecorded by Schürmann. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This empirical paper presents a number of functional modelling and forecasting methods for predicting very short-term (such as minute-by-minute) electricity demand. The proposed functional methods slice a seasonal univariate time series (TS) into a TS of curves; reduce the dimensionality of curves by applying functional principal component analysis before using a univariate TS forecasting method and regression techniques. As data points in the daily electricity demand are sequentially observed, a forecast updating method can greatly improve the accuracy of point forecasts. Moreover, we present a non-parametric bootstrap approach to construct and update prediction intervals, and compare the point and interval forecast accuracy with some naive benchmark methods. The proposed methods are illustrated by the half-hourly electricity demand from Monday to Sunday in South Australia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In September 2011, Flinders university library launched Findit@Flinders, the Primo discovery layer search to provide simultaneous results from the library's collections and subscription databases. This research project was an exploratory case study which aimed to show whether students were finding relevant information for their course learning and research. The library staff ran usability sessions and an online survey with students. These two methods identified the Primo elements participants were finding useful or not useful, and any problems they encountered. The results of the study provided mostly positive feedback and informed the library about aspects of Primo that could be modified to create a better user experience. The feedback has also been incorporated into student training plans to ensure the most useful approaches to Findit@Flinders are communicated to students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alternative Places of Detention (APODs) are a new way of detaining asylum seekers in Australia. The establishment of APODs creates a new formal structure of belonging in Australia which challenges everyday practices of belonging and senses of belonging at the local and national scale. This paper examines practices of belonging which emerged following the establishment of the Inverbrackie APOD in Woodside, South Australia. Using a critical discourse analysis approach, informed by the insights of theories of performativity, this research explores the competing stories of two broadly defined groups (opponents and supporters of Inverbrackie) engaged in a dialogue about asylum seekers, refugees, immigration detention and belonging. While opposition to the APOD was vocal and frequent in the lead-up to the establishment of the detention centre, once the Inverbrackie APOD became operational opponents’ voices began to fade. On the other hand, supporters continued to say things—and more importantly continued to do things—to nurture belonging for asylum seekers in Inverbrackie, Woodside, and Australia. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]