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The human experience of survival from a plague is about distinguishing the sick from the healthy as quickly as possible, establishing a barrier to stop the infection, and protecting healthy people. Nevertheless, the various quarantine rules and the acceptance and compliance of the population are a kind of battle between policy implementers and the public. This paper tries to understand how Chinese cultural attitudes (Henderson, 1984) unconsciously influence the Chinese people to be most cooperative with the strict containment and quarantine measures to confront the COVID‐19 pandemic. This article begins with the Chinese characters, exemplified by the four characters of disease and plague, to discuss how the pictograph nature and spatial structural way profoundly shaped the cultural mind. Then, through plague‐related Chinese legends, stories and folklore, the paper sets out the Chinese cultural attitudes which are also manifested in the analogical associations between disease, plague and seasons, the balance of the five elements of the universe and ghosts, gods and the government bureaucrats in the Kingdom of the Heaven. All of these approaches are well in line with Jung's method of associative amplification as a way to locate the archetypal wisdom that assures survival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines whether methodological precedence in applying moderation analysis to strategic management research relies on myths and urban legends, and if doing so affected empirical conclusions, implications for theory development, and practical recommendations. An in‐depth analysis of 69 studies published in the Strategic Management Journal between 2000 and 2014 using moderation analysis finds that strategic management scholars typically rely on statistical myths and urban legends when applying moderation analysis including: (1) interpreting main effects separately from their significant interaction with other variables; (2) failing to report reliability values of interaction terms; and (3) relying on hierarchical approaches that can lead to interpretation errors. Further examples illustrate how these practices could lead researchers to draw incomplete and possibly inaccurate conclusions. Overall, problematic precedents have become the gold standards for testing and interpreting moderation models. Best practice recommendations for redirecting future research to more solid methodological grounding are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is a matter of some irony that psychiatry's most trenchant critic for over four decades is himself a psychiatrist. I refer to Thomas S. Szasz. Szasz's core thesis may be succinctly rendered: mental illness is a “myth”, a “metaphor” which serves only to obscure the social and ethical “problems in living” we face as human beings. This paper reconsiders the conceptual bases of Szasz's assault on psychiatry and assesses recent counter-arguments of his critical interlocutors. It presents a defence of the Szaszian conception and emphasises the continuing relevance of his earliest work. Additionally, the paper discusses Szasz's thesis in light of the work of the influential French philosopher of medicine, Georges Canguilhem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The traditional baptismal font of the kings of France for centuries, the so‐called baptistère de Saint Louis is part of 1750s–1900s French national legend. Against all evidence, the name suggests that it is the spoils of Louis IX's crusade of 1250–1254. In fact, that large, copper vessel of exceptional quality, with gold and silver figural decoration, was probably produced in Damascus or Cairo in 1320–1340, almost a century after French downfall at the hands of the Mamluks in Northern Egypt in 1250. As part of the crown treasure of France and because of its outstanding artistry, it is one of the most thoroughly researched Islamicate objects in the Louvre. The association with Louis IX is pure fiction that illustrates the nonsensical and yet persuasive economies of French national legends. Paradoxically, the ransom that the French army paid to leave Egypt in 1250 was one of the stepping stones for the rise of the Mamluk dynasty, renowned for gold and silver incrusted metalwork objects, such as the basin. In another paradoxical turn, the Mamluks who ruled the Central Islamic area from 1250 to 1517 are the military elite recruited from enslaved non‐Muslims, including Turkic and Christian populations. The basin invites us to connect the points on the archipelago that includes France, the Eastern Mediterranean (fall of Acre, 1291), Cyprus and Armenia under the Lusignans, Sicily, Naples, and the South of Italy under the Angevins. Further still, this splendid and still enigmatic work of art brings together Ming China, Mongol Persia, Mamluk Islam, and Gothic France. This paper includes the earliest French description of the basin, from 1606, published in 1642 and reproduced later, including in 1742 (Piganiol de la Force, 1742). The paper also discusses the French tradition of medievalists opposing white supremacist fantasy of white, Christian medieval origins of the French nation. Finally, the paper notes some differences between French and U.S. mentalités in relation to race, in the context of recent events (2019), based on the French ideal of republican universalism, citing such symptomatic events as the replacing of the word "race" by "sex" in the French constitution, the reluctance to base activism on collective identitaire claims, the reluctance to think in terms of race and use race‐related or communautariste terms with which to think about complex social, historical, or artistic rights and responsibilities, and the prohibition to collect race‐based statistics, but also, often in advance of similar laws enacted in other countries, such acts as the Taubira law of 2001 that recognizes France's responsibility for slavery and slave trade beginning in the fifteenth century as a crime against humanity and provides for teaching, research, and commemoration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today organ transplantation is considered a routine surgical procedure. The idea of transferring tissues from one person to another has been inspiring to the minds of artists depicting the Saints Cosmos and Damian and also writers such as Mary Shelley. Early attempts at tissue transplantation were unsuccessful but in the last 50 years medical research has brought it into reality. The present paper looks at the subject from the realms of fantasy through the works of fiction and finally into everyday fact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In May of 2020, the editorial board of Process Safety Progress recommended that an article in the journal be dedicated to process safety legends as inspiration to others working in the field. This first article summaries the process safety career of four people: Daniel A. Crowl, Hans Pasman, Pete Lodal, and John Murphy. Combined they represent 180 years of process safety practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dorfman is eulogized as the creator and curator of the definitive account of Veblen's life and work. He argued that Veblen was the archetypal marginal man and that this explains his dissenting contribution. Dissemination of Dorfman's pathography of Veblen led to its hegemony - until now. Andrew Veblen was the first to challenge Dorfman's portrait of his younger brother's life in the mid 1920s. He asserted that his family were not linguistically, socially or economically deprived. However, it was not until Dorfman's private papers became publicly available in the 1990s, that his flawed view of Veblen became more widely and comprehensively contested. An alternative appreciation of Veblen is advanced with reference to his experiences in general and the works of Bellamy, Morris and Ibsen in particular. Data sources include Dorfman's original tome, Andrew Veblen's extensive correspondence with Dorfman, and Veblen's own writings. It is concluded that Veblen's radical views are entirely congruent with his life experiences during an era of capitalist transformation. The moral of this saga is that a dose of Veblenian scepticism is essential to intellectual health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Núñez et al. (2019) argue that cognitive science has failed either "to transition to a mature inter‐disciplinary coherent field" (p. 782) or "to generate a successful [Lakatosian] research program" (p. 789). We argue that the former was never the intention of many early researchers within the field, while the latter is an inappropriate criterion by which to judge an entire discipline. However, we concur with Núñez et al. (2019) that the individual disciplinary balance within cognitive science has changed over time. Of particular concern is the fact that the use of computational methods appears to be on the wane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the accomplishments and contributions of British allergy researcher Thomas A. E. Platts-Mills in the field of allergy and immunology. Topics include his medical training and fellowship in the U.S., his research on airborne allergens which led to the development of allergen avoidance procedures, products and devices and his merit award for his research on alpha-gal.

The internet enables analysts to better track rumors and contemporary legends through time and space. Comments about sex bracelets reveal waves of concentrated attention; the spread of particular variants display a similar pattern. The diffusion of such stories reflects constructions of childhood and adolescent sexuality as social problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Addresses a number of urban legends about concurrency in an attempt to separate the myth from the fact. Concurrent is parallel; Coroutining is concurrency; Synchronization is mutual exclusion.

Long-term memory can be defined as a store of information gained from past experiences. However, the information stored may not be accurate, or the processes of retrieval may lead to errors in recall. One theory put forward to explain inaccuracies that occur during recall is schema-based reconstruction of information during encoding. To investigate the part played by reconstruction in recall the present study uses the ‘method of repeated reproduction’ described by Bartlett in 1932, substituting a real-life incidental event for the supernatural folk tale used as the stimulus material by Bartlett. Bartlett found accuracy in the initial recall of the tale to be rare, with further loss of accuracy observed with repeated recall. In the study reported here, the use of ‘real-life’ stimulus event produced accuracy of recall that was maintained, regardless of the number of repeated recalls or time between recall sessions. The few changes observed were in the form of descriptions containing pre-event schemata of similar locations and, with repeated recall, post-event schemata developed through subsequent experience. The initial accuracy sustained throughout the time period, together with the relative lack of change over time, suggests very limited use of reconstructive processes. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a story of the Athabaskan legend. It narrates the tale of a young Eskimo girl hidden by the chief of a group of Athabaskan Indians in a fishing site near its place to protect her from being killed. In the spring, the chief granted her request of becoming a member of the tribe. However, on the day the Athabaskan were celebrating in Ishmoloff for bringing her home, the Shaman decided to kill her in consideration of dark and dangerous things. On the day of her death, only the chief mourned.